ABSTRAK

Anemia adalah keadaan dimana kadar hemoglobin dalam darah kurang dari
normal. Remaja beresiko terkena anemia dan berakibat terganggunya tumbuh
kembang remaja putri. Berdasarkan survei awal di SMA Dharma Pancasila, sebagian
remaja putri terkadang tidak sempat sarapan pagi, melakukan pembatasan jumlah dan
frekuensi makan.
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pola makan (asupan protein,
zat besi, asam folat dan vitamin C) konsumsi teh dan kopi terhadap kejadian anemia.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analisis, dengan desain cross sectional.
Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Dharma Pancasila Medan, bulan Mei-Juni 2013.
Populasi adalah seluruh remaja putri SMA Dharma Pancasila Medan dan sampel
sebanyak 100 orang.. Analisa data dengan Chi-Squre dan regresi logistik berganda.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi anemia remaja putri di SMA Dharma
Pancasila adalah 23,0%, dan ada pengaruh asupan zat besi (p=0,045) terhadap
kejadian anemia, sedangkan asupan protein, folat, vitamin C, konsumsi teh dan kopi
tidak berpengaruh terhadap kejadian anemia. Remaja putri yang asupan zat besinya
tidak tercukupi mempunyai kemungkinan 8 kali lebih besar mengalami anemia
dibanding dengan remaja putri yang asupan zat besinya cukup. (Exp (B) = 8,250).
Pencegahan dan penanggulangan anemia pada remaja putri dilakukan dengan
penyuluhan/ pengarahan yang melibatkan pihak sekolah, orang tua, dan pihak
kesehatan (Puskesmas Padang Bulan), sehingga remaja putri tahu dan menyadari
pentingnya pola makan, khususnya meningkan konsumsi makanan yang mengandung
banyak zat besi.

Kata Kunci : Pola Makan, Anemia, Remaja putri

Universita Sumatera Utara

 ABSTRACT

Anemia is a condition when hemoglobin in blood is less than normal.

Teenagers period is as the risk factor time for the anemia and it may disurb the
development and growth period of the female teenagers. Based on early survey in
Dharma Pancasila Senior High School, female teenagers said that sometimes they
did not have time for breakfast, others limited the amount and the frequency of their
meals.
The objective of this research was to know the influence of eating pattern
(intake of protein, iron, pholate acid, and vitamin C) and the consumption of tea and
coffee to the ocurence rate of anemia. The type of the research was descriptive
analysis, with cross sectional design. The research was carried out in Dharma
Pancasila Senior High School, Medan, from May to June, 2013. The population was
all female students of Dharma Pancasila, Medan Senior High Scholl, and 100 of
them were used as the samples. The data was analyzed using Chi Square and
multiple logistic regression.
The result of the research showed that The proportion of anemia for female
teenagers in Dharma Pancasila Senior High School was 23.0% and there was the
influence of Fe intake (p=0.045) to the occurence of anemia. Where as the protein,
pholate acid, vitamin C, tea and coffee consumption did not have any influence to the
incident of anemia. Female teenagers with insufficeient iron intake had bigger
chance for anemia 8 times compared to those with sufficient iron intake. Exp ( )=
8.250. The prevention and the handling of anemia on female teenagers was carried
out by giving counseling and by involving those school parties, parents and health
officers (Padang Bulan Comunitiy Health Center). Hence, female teenagers know
and realize the importance of eating pattern, specially to enhance the consumption of
food containing enough iron substance intake.

Keywords: Eating Pattern, Anemia, Female Teenagers

Universita Sumatera Utara