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EADS TETRA System

Release 5.0

TB3 Product Description

DN0410261-2en
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Table of Contents _________________________________________________________

1. About this document 1-1


2. Introduction to TB3 2-1
2.1. General 2-1
2.2. TB3 features 2-2
2.3. TBS family 2-2
2.3.1. Differences between TBS and TB3 2-3
2.3.2. TB3 architecture 2-3
2.3.3. Cabinet 2-3
2.3.4. Subracks 2-4
2.3.5. Plug-in units 2-5
2.3.6 Cabling 2-5
2.3.7. External interfaces 2-5
2.3.8. Power supply 2-6
2.3.9 Cooling fans 2-6
2.3.10 Software 2-7

3. TB3 operation 3-1


3.1. Transmission 3-2
3.2. Baseband functions 3-3
3.3. Radio frequency (RF) functions 3-3
3.3.1. RF units 3-3
3.3.2. Diversity 3-4
3.4. Mechanics 3-5

A. TB3 specifications A-7


A.1. TB3 technical data A-7
A.2. Number of units in TB3 A-9
A.2.1. Common subrack units A-10
A.3. Ambient conditions A-10

B. Restriction of Hazardous Substances in the PRC B-11

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Contents

Summary of changes

The following changes have been made since the previous issue of this document:

Frequency bands have been corrected for TB3 350 and TB3 800.

References

1. EADS TETRA System: Glossary, dn00126469


2. EADS TETRA System: Guide to TETRA Documentation, dn00126445
3. EADS TETRA System: FXC E1 and E1/T1 Transmission Unit Description, dn5100057
4. EADS TETRA System: TBS Product Description, dn00126878
5. EADS TETRA System: TBS Environmental Conditions, dn0013142
6. EADS TETRA System: TB3c Product Description, dn0531348.
7. EADS TETRA System: TB3 Hardware Description, dn04161675
8. EADS TETRA System: Auto-Tuned Combiners for TBS, dn001312115
9. EADS TETRA System: Installing and Operating the EADS TETRA TBS WinMMI, dn00274177

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CHAPTER

This document gives a general description of the EADS TB3 TETRA Base Station (TB3), which is a network
element of the EADS TETRA System. The TETRA Base Station family has variants for different frequency
bands. This document introduces the following variants:

TB3 350 (base station, 350-368 MHz)


TB3 380 (base station, 380-400 MHz)
TB3 410 (base station, 410-430 MHz)
TB3 450 (base station, 450-470 MHz)
TB3 800 (base station, 806-869 MHz)

For information on the TBS 380i, TBS 410i and TBS 800i frequency variants, refer to the document EADS
TETRA System. TBS Product Description, dn0012878.

For information on TB3c, refer to the document TB3c Product Description, dn0531348.

For information on the complete set of EADS TETRA System documentation, refer to the document EADS
TETRA System: Guide to TETRA Documentation, dn00126445.

This guide assumes that the reader has some previous knowledge of the EADS TETRA System as well as
some telecommunications knowledge.

The document is organized as follows:


Chapter About this Document introduces the structure of the document.
Chapter Introduction to TB3 gives general information on the TBS and overview of the TB3
characteristics..
Chapter TB3 operation briefly describes the basic functions and units of the TB3.
Appendix TB3 specifications contains TB3 technical specifications, number of units in TB3, common
subracks units, and ambient conditions

Some of the features, functionalities, and equipment of the EADS TETRA System described in this document
may not be available in all market areas or are separately priced commercial options. Please contact your local
EADS representative for further information.

The Glossary section explains the abbreviations used in this document. The full version of the Glossary is
available as a separate document, EADS TETRA System: Glossary, dn0126469.

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We welcome any suggestions for further improvement of this document. Also, should you find any errors or
omissions in this document, please forward your comments to the local EADS representative or send them to
the e-mail address tetra.cudo@eads.com.

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CHAPTER

2
Introduction to TB3
The TETRA Base Station (TBS) family of the EADS TETRA System has variants for different frequency bands.

Note

In this document the term TBS is used to describe the characteristics that are common to all TETRA base
stations, whereas the term TB3 is used to describe characteristics related to this particular variant.

2.1. General

The EADS TB3 TETRA Base Station (TB3) complies with the European Union RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC on
the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment to the extent
mandatory applicable. Information is provided also on TB3 materials with respect to the restriction of
hazardous substances applied in the Peoples Republic of China.

The TBS is a modular base station. The basic TBS is housed in a single indoor cabinet and it is equipped with
1 to 4 radio carriers. The TBS has a provision for expansion to 8 carriers by using an extension cabinet (TBS
basic cabinet + TBS extension cabinet).

In normal operation, the base station is always connected to a Digital Exchange for TETRA (DXT) which
controls it. The TBS can be connected to a DXT either directly or via other TBSs. The minimum network
configuration consists of one exchange and one TBS. The TBSs can be connected to a ring network to
eliminate the effect of transmission link interruptions.
If the connection between a TBS and a DXT breaks due to, for example, a transmission line failure or a DXT
failure, the TBS can operate independently in a fallback mode. The fallback mode enables a basic level of
radio service during exceptional circumstances.

The architecture of a well designed radio network meets capacity and radio coverage requirements. The
required radio coverage determines the number of base stations, and the number of installed carrier units per
base station depends on the specified traffic capacity. The TBS provides economy because radio units and
power supply modules can easily be added according to the changing needs of the user.
The transmission unit FXC provides a built-in add/drop multiplexing function to connect to a digital
transmission system. This allows easy construction of chained and looped network topologies. For more
information on the FXC, refer to the document FXC E1 and E1/T1 Transmission Unit Description, dn5100057.

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Figure TBS chain, star, and ring topologies shows different network topologies.

Figure 2-1: TBS chain, star and ring topologies

The TB3 contains six receivers per carrier, compared to the three offered by other current base stations on the market.
This, together with the use of advanced diversity combining methods, allows the building of three virtual receive sectors,
which provide both diversity and high antenna gain. The TB3 takes advantage of the diversity gain and sectorising from
the mainstream cellular networks and applies these in a TETRA base station to achieve omnidirectional coverage.

The TB3 combines the benefits of both omnidirectional and sectorising. It has significantly wider coverage than a
conventional omnidirectional site and has more hot-spot capacity (needed in incidents) with the same number of carriers
than a sectorised site.

As with all EADS TETRA base stations, the TB3 has a very high transmission power.

The TBS family has the following variants for different frequency bands:

TBS 350 (indoor base station, 350-368 MHz)


TBS 380 (indoor base station, 380-400 MHz)
TBS 410 (indoor base station, 410-430 MHz)

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TB3 450 (indoor base station, 450-470 MHz)
TB3 800 (indoor base station, 806-869 MHz)
TB3c (indoor base station, compact model, 360-400 MHz and 800-870 MHz)
TBS 380i (indoor base station, 380-400 MHz)
TBS 410i (indoor base station, 410-430 MHz)
TB3 800i (indoor base station, 800 MHz)

The TBS consist of:

Cabinet(s)
Subracks with motherboards
Plug-in units
Internal cabling
External interfaces
Power supply
Cooling fans
software

The differences between the new TB3 and TBS on the hardware level are:
new TBC unit with a built-in GPS synchronization interface (previously handled by the TSD unit)
new TTRX unit with up to six receivers
new receiver multicoupler unit (DRMC) with two receiving paths, replaces the TRMC unit that had one receiver
path
new transmission unit FXC, replaces the TRUA unit

The new TB3 TTRX units can be put to the same cabinet with the existing TBS TTRX units in case of a carrier extension.

The TB3 is a modular 1 to 8 carrier base station. The basic cabinet TB3 has a capacity of four carriers (4 to 16 traffic
channels). The number of carriers can be increased up to 8 carriers (32 channels) by means of an extension cabinet
attached to the basic cabinet.

Radio units, as well as power supply modules, can easily be added to the TB3 according to need to produce suitable
configurations and to facilitate economic growth with demand. The management of the TB3 is integrated in the network
management via the DXT. Remote software downloading is an optional feature which reduces the necessity of costly
base station site visits.

The basic TB3 cabinet can include the following units (for more detailed information on these units, see Chapter TBS
operation).

Transceiver unit (TTRX)


Power supply unit (PSU)

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Controller unit (TBC)
Transmission unit (FXC)
Dual receiver multicouplers (DRMC)
Auto-tuned combiner (ATC)
Manually tuned cavity combiner
Wideband combiner (WBC)
Dual duplexer (DDU)
Tx-monitor (TXM)

The TB3 has 1-2 transmit antennas and 1-6 receiver antennas (omni, vertical- or X-polarized panel antennas) or 1-4
common RX/TX antennas. They provide advanced antenna diversity in the receiver to achieve antenna diversity gain with
omnidirectional antennas or to combine directional antenna patterns.

In the normal operating mode, the base station is controlled by the DXT. In the fallback mode, the base station can
operate without DXT control.

The base station supports the downlink continuous transmission mode (D-CT mode) as specified in the TETRA standard.

The cabinet consists of a steel body, rear panel, door, and cabinet roof. The cabinet body is covered with conductive
coating, treated against corrosion and front door with locker.

The cabinet facilitates quick and easy installation of the plug-in units. It also provides adequate electromagnetic shielding
to meet the Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) requirements.

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The subracks are fastened from their front panels to the cabinet. The subracks consist mainly of two side plates, top and
bottom plate, and the back plane which is a printed circuit board.

All the plug-in units have connectors at the rear via which they are connected to the motherboard of the subrack. Typically
they have two euroconnectors. The plug-in units are fastened from their front panels to the subrack.

The cabling can be divided into three main categories:


Front RF-cabling
Rear cabling, mostly between subracks
Top cabling for external connections

The cables have labels for identification and indicating their correct routing.

Air interface
The air interface is designed according to the TETRA standards (specification ETSI 300 392-2) to support multivendor
terminal interoperability.

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The maximum output power is 40 watts with DDU in by-pass configuration. The dynamic sensitivity of each receiver
measured at top of the cabinet is better than 112 dBm (TCH/7-2, BER 4%, TU50).

The base station is designed to support maximum coverage. This is achieved by advanced diversity reception.
For TB3 frequency ranges, see Section A1 in Appendix TB3 specifications.

Alarm interface
The external alarm and control interface on the cabinet top has connectors for 14 customer-specific inputs and 8 outputs.

In addition to the customer alarms and controls, the alarm interface board provides alarm interfaces and supply voltage to
the TX-monitor (TXM) unit.

Power Supply
The power supply connectors are on the cabinet top. For TB3 power supply voltages, see Section Power Supply.

Transmission interface
G.703 / 2 Mbps as standard

MMI interface
The MMI interface is used for monitoring states of the units, gathering statistics and alarm and failure messages,
changing operational parameters of the units and the HW configuration of the base station. The EADS TETRA BS
WinMMI software is a convenient tool for controlling the base station locally or remotely via the OMU (Operation and
Maintenance Unit) of the DXT.

The FXC unit is controlled locally by the E1/T1 Manager software via the Local Management Port (LMP).

Global Positioning System (GPS) interface


The optional GPS-unit provides the TBS with an accurate global time reference, for synchronization purposes. Accurate
synchronization enables type 1 handovers of terminals and provides internal clock tuning which guarantees that the
output frequency is always within TETRA specification.

The power supply to the TB3 is a direct current of -48 VDC, protection against polarity inversion and positive grounded.
The power supply subsystem is a rack (PWSR) housing 4 identical power supply units (PSU), 1 for each TTRX. These
units also provide the supply voltages required by the other units and modules in the TB3.

The cooling system comprises two fans per cabinet. The fans are located immediately below the TTRX subrack (TRXSR)
in each cabinet. They receive power from the power supply subracl (PWSR) and are controlled by the TBC.

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Remote and local software download

TB3 software can be updated remotely from a DXT without expensive and time-consuming visits to the base
station sites and without removing the units from the rack. This shorten needed traffic breaks on the base
station coverage area during a software version change. The downloadable TB3 software packages are
managed with MML commands.

The TB3 software can be updated also locally by using the TBS WinMMI Windows base software. The
procedure for loading software to the TBC and TTRX (TBBM) units is described in the TBS WinMMI Help-file.
For more information on the TBS WinMMI, see the document Ins Installing and Operating the EADS TETRA
TBS WinMMI, dn00274177.

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CHAPTER

In normal operation, the whole TB3 operates under the control of the DXT.

The TB3 comprises the following functional blocks:

Transmission to DXT (FXC)


Baseband functions (TBC, TBBM of TTRX)
Radio frequency (RF) functions (RF part of TTRX, Combiner, DRMC, DDU, TXM)
Mechanics (cabinet, racks, power supply, buses)
Software

This chapter briefly introduces these units. For a more detailed description, see the document TB3 Hardware
Description, dn0416675.

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The TBS transmission functions are the following:

Supervision and parametering signalling


Control signalling
Air interface signalling

The transmission interface plug-in unit (FXC), located in the Common Subrack (CSR), functions as the
interface between the external 2Mbit/s PCM highway and the Internal TBS data highway (D1-bus).
The alarms sent to the DXT system are described in the DXT documentation.

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The base band functions consist of the TETRA base band module (TBBM) inside the transceiver unit (TTRX) and the
TETRA Base Station Controller (TBC). The TBC is the main controller of the TBS. It controls and supervises operation of
the TBS under the control of the DXT. The TBBM connects to the transmission via an internal D1-bus. The TBBM is
connected to the RF system and performs functions as channel coding/decoding, interleaving/deinterleaving, and all other
functions specified in the TETRA standard to support the radio path interface.

The RF section consists of the transceiver units and base station filtering/combining units.

Transmitting signals
The RF output signals from the TTRX transmitter modules are combined by the combiner subsystem and fed to the
transmit antenna(s) or through the filter unit to the common transmit/receive antennas.

Receiving signals
When a cavity type combiner is used, the signal coming from each of the receive-antennas first passes through a dual
receiver multicoupler (DRMC) which filters and amplifies the signal then splits into 4 equal outputs going to the TTRX
receiver-module inputs.
When WBC/DDU combination is used, the signal coming from each of the receiver-antennas passes through the dual
duplexer (DDU), and a separate DRMC is usually not needed.

The following combiner types can be used in the TB3.

Auto-tuned Combiner (ATC)


The ATC is a cavity type combiner. It is used to combine 2 to 8 TX signals together in groups of 2 signals. The ATC
supports remote frequency allocation. It is suitable in cases where there is a need to use more than two carriers per base
station, as an ATC base station provides power class 2 (25W) output power up to four carriers. The ATC is available for
TB3 350, TB3 380, TB3 410, TB3 450 and TB3 800.

Manually tuned cavity combiner


The manually tuned cavity combiner is a 2-channel device which can be used to combine 2 to 8 TX signals together in
groups of 2 signals. It is available for the frequency range: 380-400 MHz and 410-430 MHz.

Dual Receiving Multicoupler (DRMC)


The DMRC is a dual unit comprising two identical RF branches with a common control section. The function of receiver
multicoupling is to filter and amplify the signal received from an antenna then split it into separate, equal outputs for
feeding to the RX inputs of the TTRX units. If there are multiple receive antennas, a separate multicoupling branch is
required for each one. The DRMC is used with receive-only antennas. The DRMC is available for the frequency ranges:
350-355 MHz, 380-390 MHz, 410-420 MHz, 450-455 MHz and 806-924 MHz.

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Wideband Combiner (WBC)
The WBC is a hybrid type combiner. It can be used to combine two TX signals together or for by-pass
combining (one TX signal per antenna to enable highest output power to antenna). When connected in series,
the maximum number of connected signals is four. The WBC is available for the frequency range: 380-400
MHz. The WBC supports remote frequency allocation.
For more information on the WBC, see the document TB3 Hardware Description, dn04161675.

Dual Duplexer (DDU)


The DDU is used to combine TX and RX signals to one antenna and thus minimize the number of needed
antennas. (one:TX signal can operate in the 380-400 MHz frequency range and it has 2 frequency variants:
RX 380-385, TX 390-395 and RX 385-390, TX 395-400.
For more information on the DDU, see the document TB3 Hardware Description, dn04161675.

TX-Monitor (TXM)
The TXM can be used in the TB3 for monitoring TX antenna line condition. The basic cabinet supports the use
of four TXMs mounted on the base stations TX-connector(s) located on the roof of the base station cabinet.
Antenna line is monitored by measuring its forward and reverse power with a directional coupler and detector
circuit. The detector circuit is a true-RMS type and have linear-in-dB response. The unit generates two analog
output signals: one for forward power (FWP) and another for reverse power (REV).
The TXM is available in the frequency ranges: 336-470 MHz and 850-870 MHz.

3.3.2. Diversity
The TTRX supports diversity receiving from 1 to 6 receivers for optimum quality and reliability of reception.
RX antennas can be either omndirectional (diversity) or directional (sector combining). In both cases diversity
gain will be achieved.

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The radio path between the base station and terminal is balanced. The use of low power hand-held terminals
makes the uplink of most networks limited i.e. the maximum base station output power cannot be fully utilized
and the coverage area is determined by the terminal performance. The high-gain virtual omni concept
improves uplink reception up to 5 dB, thus balancing the radio path.

From the coverage point of view, the high-gain virtual omni provides similar performance as the sectorized
base station.

Sectorized base statio are widely used for example in public-cellular networks for large coverage and high cell
capacity. Typically TETRA networks are coverage driven and sectorization is not widely required. Instead of
normal busy hour maximum capacity requirement, TETRA networks require sudden spot capacity for example
during major incidents. This capacity is best provided with the high-gain virtual omni by logical omnisite with
minimum base station HW.

3.4. Mechanics

The TBS cabinet provides housing for:


Radio frequency (RF) section
Baseband (BB) section
Transmission units
Power supplies
Internal interface between different units via motherboards
Cabling
Base station external interfaces
EMC & EMI protection
Equipment cooling with fans units

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APPENDIX

TB3 380 TB3 350 TB3 800


TB3 410
TB3 450
Frequency band(s) 380390 MHz (Rx) TB3 350: TB3 800:
390 ...400 MHz (Tx) 350.8 356.2 MHz (Rx) 806 824 MHz (Rx)
360.8 366.2 MHz (Tx) 851 869 MHz (Tx)
TB3 410:
410 420 MHz (Rx)
420 430 MHz (Tx)
TB3 450:
450 460 MHz (Rx)
460 470 MHz (Tx)
Max. TBS power 25 W (cavity combiner) 25 W (cavity combiner) 25 W (cavity combiner)
40 W (with combiner by-
pass config.)
Max. power at TTRX 65 W 65 W 65 W
output
Dynamic sensitivity < - 112 dBm, (TCH 7.2, < - 112 dBm, (TCH 7.2, < - 112 dBm, (TCH 7.2,
at top of cabinet BER 4%, TU50) without BER 4%, TU50) without BER 4%, TU50) without
diversity diversity diversity
Static sensitivity at < - 119 dBm, (TCH 7.2, < - 119 dBm, (TCH 7.2, < - 119 dBm, (TCH 7.2,
top of cabinet BER 4%, TU50) without BER 4%, TU50) without BER 4%, TU50) without
diversity diversity diversity
Receiver class Class A and B ETS 300 Class A and B ETS 300 Class A and B ETS 300
392-2 392-2 392-2

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TB3 380 TB3 350 TB3 800
TB3 410
TB3 450
Diversity reception Max. Ratio combining Max. Ratio combining Max. Ratio combining
(MRC) improving the (MRC) improving the (MRC) improving the
uplink budget by 3 .. 8 uplink budget by 3 .. 8 uplink budget by 3 .. 8
dB compared to single dB compared to single dB compared to single
receiver antenna receiver antenna receiver antenna
solutions solutions solutions
Number of receivers 6 receivers with MRC for 6 receivers with MRC for 6 receivers with MRC for
per radio e.g. three-sector X-pol e.g. three-sector X-pol e.g. three-sector X-pol
panel antennas panel antennas panel antennas
Sectorized reception Three sector topology Three sector topology Three sector topology
improves receiver C/I by improves receiver C/I by improves receiver C/I by
5 dB compared to 5 dB compared to 5 dB compared to
omndirectional solution omndirectional solution omndirectional solution
Duplex spacing 10 MHz 10 MHz 45 MHz
Switching range 5 MHz 5 MHz 18 MHz
Carrier spacing 25 kHz 25 kHz 25 kHz
Combiner options Auto-tuned cavity Auto-tuned cavity Auto-tuned cavity
Wideband hybrid Manually tuned cavity
combiner by-pass with (TB3 410 only)
duplexer
Supply voltage Direct current of - 48 Direct current of - 48 Direct current of - 48
VDC and protection VDC and protection VDC and protection
against polarity against polarity against polarity
inversion and inversion and inversion and
positive grounded positive grounded positive grounded
Power consumption Nominal 0.5kW with one Nominal 0.5kW with one Nominal 0.5kW with one
TTRX at 65W/100% duty TTRX at 65W/100% duty TTRX at 65W/100% duty
cycle cycle cycle
Max. 1.2 kW with four Max. 1.2 kW with four Max. 1.2 kW with four
TTRXs keyed TTRXs keyed TTRXs keyed
Power consumption Power consumption Power consumption
varies according to the varies according to the varies according to the
traffic volume. traffic volume. traffic volume.
Dimensions : 60x120x50cm 60x120x50cm 60x120x50cm
Width x Height x (1 cabinet) (1 cabinet) (1 cabinet)
Deepth
Weight (max) 200 Kg (1 cabinet) 200 Kg (1 cabinet) 200 Kg (1 cabinet)
360 Kg (2 cabinets) 360 Kg (2 cabinets) 360 Kg (2 cabinets)

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TB3 380 TB3 350 TB3 800
TB3 410
TB3 450
Operating +22C to 28C with +22C to 28C with +22C to 28C with
temperature relative humidity relative humidity relative humidity
(ambient) controlled controlled controlled
TBS transmit mode Downlink continuous (D- Downlink continuous (D- Downlink continuous (D-
CT) (as specified in the CT) (as specified in the CT) (as specified in the
TETRA standard). Only TETRA standard). Only TETRA standard). Only
the carriers that are the carriers that are the carriers that are
needed to carry the needed to carry the needed to carry the
traffic are keyed. traffic are keyed. traffic are keyed.
TBS management Integrated into the DXT Integrated into the DXT Integrated into the DXT
exchange exchange exchange
O&M functions Remote and local Remote and local Remote and local
configuration. Remote configuration. Remote configuration. Remote
and local alarm handling. and local alarm handling. and local alarm handling.
Remote and local SW Remote and local SW Remote and local SW
downloading. Remote downloading. Remote downloading. Remote
and local test services. and local test services. and local test services.
Eight remote outputs. Eight remote outputs. Eight remote outputs.
IP Class 20 20 20
Acoustic noise 72dBA (max) 72dBA (max) 72dBA (max)

A.2 Number of units in TB3

Table 3-2: Maximum number of units in cabinets

Unit TB3 380 TB3 380 TB3 350 & 410 & TB3 350 & 410
In basic In 450 & 800 & 450 & 800
cabinet Extension In basic cabinet In extension
cabinet cabinet
TTRX 4 4 4 4
PSU 4 4 4 4
DRMC 3 (3 dividers) 3 (3 dividers)
FXC 1 - 1 -
ATC 2 2 2 2
WBC 3 3 - -

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Unit TB3 380 TB3 380 TB3 350 & 410 & TB3 350 & 410
In basic In 450 & 800 & 450 & 800
cabinet Extension In basic cabinet In extension
cabinet Cabinet
DDU 2 2 - -
TBC 2 - 2 -
TXM 4 4 2 2

A.2.1 Common subrack units

Table 3-3 : Common subrack units


Unit Name Status Note
FXC Transmission Unit Always required 1 per TBS
TBC2 TETRA Base Sation Always required 1 per TBS
Controller 1
DRMC1 TETRA Base Station Optional 1 per 1st and
Controller 2 2nd RX antenna
or no diversity
DRMC2 Dual Receiver Optional 1 per 3rd and
Multicoupler 2 4th RX antenna
DRMC3 Dual Receiver Optional 1 per 5th and
Multicoupler 3 6th RX antenna

A.3 Environment conditions

For details, refer to the document TBS Environmental Conditions, dn00132142.

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APPENDIX

Restriction of Hazardous Substances in the PRC

In this appendix, information is provided on TB3 materials with respect to the restriction of hazardous
substances applied in the Peoples Republic of China.

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Figure 3-3: TB3 material declaration for PRC markets

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