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TETRA Switching and

Control Node

SCN Plus

Technical Handbook

P/N: 779-1353/01
Rev. 01
SCN Plus
Technical Handbook

The information in this document is subject to change without notice and describes only the product defined in
the introduction of this documentation. This document is intended for the use of SELEX Communications
customers only for the purposes of the agreement under which the document is submitted, and no part of it
may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or means without the prior written permission of SELEX
Communications. The document has been prepared to be used by professional and properly trained
personnel, and the customer assumes full responsibility when using it. SELEX Communications welcomes
customer comments as part of the process of continuous development and improvement of the
documentation.
The information or statements given in this document concerning the suitability, capacity, or performance of
the mentioned hardware or software products cannot be considered binding but shall be defined in the
agreement made between SELEX Communications and the customer. However, SELEX Communications has
made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructions contained in the document are adequate and free of
material errors and omissions. SELEX Communications will, if necessary, explain issues which may not be
covered by the document.
SELEX Communications liability for any errors in the document is limited to the documentary correction of
errors. SELEX Communications WILL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE IN ANY EVENT FOR ERRORS IN THIS
DOCUMENT OR FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL (INCLUDING MONETARY
LOSSES), that might arise from the use of this document or the information in it.
This document and the product it describes are considered protected by copyright according to the applicable
laws.
Other product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks of their respective companies, and they
are mentioned for identification purposes only.

Copyright SELEX Communications S.p.A. 2008. All rights reserved

SELEX Communications S.p.A. Via Pieragostini 80 16151 - Genova - Italy


A Finmeccanica Company Telephone. +39 010 6144000

Page ii SELEX Communications Proprietary Information P/N: 779-1353/01


Rev. 01
SCN Plus
Technical Handbook
Safety Rules

Safety Rules

Before using the equipment, read all of the instructions contained in


the manual and read those relative to safety with special care.

Lue kyttohjeet ja erityisesti turvallisuuteen liittyvat ohjeet ennen


laitteen kytt.

Alvorens over te gaan tot het gebruik van het apparaat leesmet
aandacht al de instructies van het handboek en let vooral op die die
de veiligheid betreffen.

Alvorens het apparaat in gebruik te nemen lees alle instructies van


het handboek envooral de voorschriften betreffendede veiligheid.

Avant toute utilisation de lappareil, lire toutes les indications


contenues dans le Manuel et avec une attention particulire celles
relatives la scurit.

Ls alla instruktioner i denna manual innan ni anvnder apparaten


och d srskilt noggrannt de anvisningar som gller skerheten.

Ls alle de vejledninger, der er indeholdt i manualen med srlig


opmrksomhed p de vejledninger, der vedrrer sikkerheden, fr
apparatet tages i brug.

Vor Gebrauch des Gerts alle in dieser Bedienungsanleitung


enthaltenen Anweisungen und Vorschriften lesen.
Den Sicherheitsbestimmungen ist dabei besondere Aufmerksamkeit
zu widmen.

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Rev. 01
SCN Plus
Technical Handbook
Safety Rules

Prima di utilizzare lapparecchiatura leggere tutte le indicazioni


contenute nel manuale e con particolare attenzione quelle relative
alla sicurezza.

Antes de utilizar el equipo leer todas las instrucciones contenidas


en el manual, poniendo particular atencin a las de seguridad.

Antes de utilizar o aparelho, leia todas as instrues que constam


no manual e com muita ateno as instrues relativas
segurana.

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Rev. 01
SCN Plus
Technical Handbook
Table of Contents

Table of Contents

REFERENCE STANDARDS.....................................................................XVII

1. GENERAL ............................................................................................. 1
1.1 SCN PLUS TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION .................................................................2
1.2 HANDBOOK ORGANIZATION ....................................................................................3
1.3 SCN PLUS EQUIPMENT OVERVIEW ...........................................................................4
1.4 SCN PLUS FUNCTIONS ............................................................................................7
1.4.1 Circuit Switching............................................................................................7
1.4.2 Interfacing ....................................................................................................7
1.4.3 Protocol Management ....................................................................................7
1.4.4 Resource Management...................................................................................8
1.4.5 Call Control ...................................................................................................8
1.4.6 Mobility Management.....................................................................................8
1.4.7 Subscriber Management.................................................................................9
1.4.8 O&M Management.........................................................................................9
1.4.9 Fall-back Management ................................................................................. 10
1.5 SCN PLUS SERVICES ............................................................................................. 10
1.5.1 Basic services.............................................................................................. 10
1.5.1.1 Individual Call (point to point) ............................................................. 10
1.5.1.2 Group Call (point to multi-point) .......................................................... 11
1.5.1.3 Circuit Data Service ............................................................................ 11
1.5.1.4 Short Data Service ............................................................................. 12
1.5.2 Supplementary Services ............................................................................... 12
1.5.2.1 Priority Call ........................................................................................ 12
1.5.2.2 Pre-emptive Priority Call...................................................................... 12
1.6 SCN PLUS FEATURES............................................................................................. 13
1.6.1 Automatic Restart After Power Failure ........................................................... 13
1.6.2 Synchronization........................................................................................... 13
1.6.3 Call Logging ................................................................................................ 13
1.6.4 Fault Logging .............................................................................................. 13
1.6.5 Internal and Link Failure Detection and Reporting .......................................... 13
1.6.6 External Alarm Detection.............................................................................. 14
1.6.7 External Actuators Handling ......................................................................... 14
1.7 SCN PLUS PERFORMANCE...................................................................................... 14
1.7.1 Switch Programming Time............................................................................ 14
1.7.2 Latency Time .............................................................................................. 14
1.7.3 End-to-End Delay ........................................................................................ 14
1.7.4 Speech Quality ............................................................................................ 14

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Table of Contents

1.7.5 System Error Rate ....................................................................................... 15


1.7.6 Reliability.................................................................................................... 15
1.7.6.1 Component Redundancy ..................................................................... 15
1.7.6.2 Alternate Path Management ................................................................ 15
1.7.6.3 Link Failure Management .................................................................... 15
1.8 SCN PLUS EXTERNAL INTERFACES ......................................................................... 16
1.8.1 The 2 Mbit/s E1 and 64 kbit/s Links .............................................................. 17
1.8.2 Link Redundancy ......................................................................................... 18
1.8.3 Network Topology ....................................................................................... 18
1.8.3.1 Access Network Logical Topology ........................................................ 19
1.8.3.2 Core Network Logical Topology ........................................................... 19
1.8.3.3 Access Transport Network Physical Topology........................................ 19
1.8.3.4 Core Transport Network Physical Topology........................................... 20
1.8.4 SCN Plus/NMS and SCN LT Interface ............................................................. 20
1.8.5 SCN Plus/WDS Interface .............................................................................. 20
1.8.6 SCN Plus/CRS Interface................................................................................ 21
1.8.7 SCN Plus/External Networks Interface ........................................................... 21
1.9 SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION.................................................................................... 22
1.9.1 System Administration Resilience .................................................................. 22
1.10 EQUIPMENT RESILIENCE....................................................................................... 23
1.10.1 Active/Stand-by Protection Configuration....................................................... 23
1.10.2 Load-Sharing Protection Configuration........................................................... 24
1.11 INTERNAL DATA ROUTING AND RESILIENCE .......................................................... 26
1.12 SCN PLUS SIZING ................................................................................................. 27
1.12.1 SCN Plus Resource Evaluation ...................................................................... 27
1.12.1.1 SCN/SCN Interface ............................................................................. 27
1.12.1.2 SCN Plus/BS Interface ........................................................................ 27
1.13 CONFIGURATION AND MAINTENANCE ASPECTS...................................................... 28
1.13.1 SCN Plus Parameters Configuration and Monitoring ........................................ 28
1.13.2 SCN Plus Re-initialization.............................................................................. 29
1.13.3 Software Downloading ................................................................................. 29
1.13.4 Administrative Management of HW and FW versions ...................................... 29
1.13.5 Administrative Management of SW Versions .................................................. 29
1.13.6 Administrative Management of Data.............................................................. 29
1.13.7 Fault Log .................................................................................................... 29
1.13.8 SCN Local Terminal ..................................................................................... 30
1.14 PRODUCT STRUCTURE .......................................................................................... 31
1.15 TECHNICAL DATA ................................................................................................. 35
1.16 SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................ 37

2. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................41


2.1 GENERAL ARCHITECTURE ..................................................................................... 41
2.1.1 Functional Description.................................................................................. 42
2.1.2 Synchronization........................................................................................... 43

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Technical Handbook
Table of Contents

2.1.2.1 SCN Time Stamping............................................................................ 43


2.2 MECHANICAL ASPECTS.......................................................................................... 44
2.2.1 Cabinet....................................................................................................... 44
2.2.2 Shelves Disposition ...................................................................................... 45
2.3 ELECTRICAL ASPECTS ........................................................................................... 47
2.3.1 Power Requirements.................................................................................... 47
2.3.2 Grounding................................................................................................... 48
2.3.3 EMC Requirements ...................................................................................... 49
2.3.4 ESD Protection ............................................................................................ 49
2.4 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS ................................................................................... 50
2.4.1 Cooling System ........................................................................................... 50
2.4.2 Storage, Transportation and Operation.......................................................... 53
2.4.3 Humidity, Sealing ........................................................................................ 53
2.5 FAN CONTROL UNIT.............................................................................................. 54
2.5.1 Mechanical Description................................................................................. 55
2.5.2 Functional Description.................................................................................. 55
2.5.3 Cabling ....................................................................................................... 56
2.5.4 Connectors Pin Functions ............................................................................. 57
2.6 POWER DISTRIBUTION UNIT................................................................................. 59
2.6.1 Mechanical Description................................................................................. 59
2.6.2 Functional Description.................................................................................. 60
2.6.2.1 Power Supply Inputs .......................................................................... 60
2.6.2.2 Power Supply Input Line Protection ..................................................... 60
2.6.2.3 Power Supply Distribution ................................................................... 60
2.6.2.4 Delay time switch OFF operation ......................................................... 61
2.6.2.5 Alarm Control..................................................................................... 61
2.6.3 Connectors ................................................................................................. 62
2.6.4 Power Supply Terminal Board ....................................................................... 63
2.7 POWER FILTER MODULE ....................................................................................... 64
2.7.1 Mechanical Description................................................................................. 64
2.7.2 Technical Data ............................................................................................ 65
2.8 TETRA SWITCHING UNIT ...................................................................................... 66
2.8.1 Mechanical Description................................................................................. 67
2.8.1.1 Sub-units Location.............................................................................. 68
2.8.2 Power Requirements.................................................................................... 68
2.8.2.1 Grounding ......................................................................................... 68
2.8.3 Functional Description.................................................................................. 69
2.8.3.1 SBC CPU............................................................................................ 69
2.8.3.2 TDM switch........................................................................................ 70
2.8.3.3 E1 cards ............................................................................................ 70
2.8.4 External Cabling .......................................................................................... 71
2.8.5 External Connectors..................................................................................... 72
2.8.6 Technical Data ............................................................................................ 75
2.9 ADMINISTRATIVE SERVER..................................................................................... 76

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Technical Handbook
Table of Contents

2.9.1 Mechanical Description................................................................................. 76


2.9.2 Power Requirements.................................................................................... 78
2.9.2.1 Grounding ......................................................................................... 78
2.9.3 Functional Description.................................................................................. 79
2.9.4 Administrative Server Resilience ................................................................... 81
2.9.4.1 Administrative Server Resilience with RaidBox ...................................... 81
2.9.4.2 AdminServer Resilience without RaidBox .............................................. 82
2.9.5 External Connectors..................................................................................... 83
2.9.6 Technical Data ............................................................................................ 89
2.10 GWC SERVER........................................................................................................ 90
2.10.1 Mechanical Description................................................................................. 91
2.10.2 Power Requirements.................................................................................... 92
2.10.2.1 Grounding ......................................................................................... 92
2.10.3 Functional Description.................................................................................. 93
2.10.4 GWc Configurations ..................................................................................... 94
2.10.4.1 Additional Cards................................................................................. 95
2.10.4.2 GWc 4w Radio I/F (8 ch) .................................................................... 99
2.10.4.3 GWc Server ISDN-PRI I/F ................................................................. 100
2.10.4.4 GWc Voip ........................................................................................ 101
2.10.5 External Connectors................................................................................... 102
2.10.6 Technical data........................................................................................... 103
2.11 DISK ENCLOSURE ............................................................................................... 104
2.11.1 Mechanical Description............................................................................... 105
2.11.2 Power Requirements.................................................................................. 105
2.11.2.1 Grounding ....................................................................................... 105
2.11.3 Functional Description................................................................................ 106
2.11.4 Cabling ..................................................................................................... 107
2.11.5 External Connectors................................................................................... 108
2.11.6 Technical data........................................................................................... 111
2.12 FAST ETHERNET SWITCH UNIT ........................................................................... 112
2.12.1 Mechanical Description............................................................................... 112
2.12.2 Power Requirements.................................................................................. 114
2.12.2.1 Grounding ....................................................................................... 114
2.12.3 Functional Description................................................................................ 115
2.12.4 External Connectors................................................................................... 115
2.12.5 Technical Data .......................................................................................... 116
2.13 KVM UNIT .......................................................................................................... 117
2.13.1 Mechanical Description............................................................................... 118
2.13.2 Power Requirements.................................................................................. 119
2.13.2.1 Grounding ....................................................................................... 119
2.13.3 Functional Description................................................................................ 119
2.13.4 External Connectors................................................................................... 120
2.13.5 Technical Data .......................................................................................... 123
2.14 RELAYS UNIT...................................................................................................... 124

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Rev. 01
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Technical Handbook
Table of Contents

2.14.1 Mechanical Description............................................................................... 124


2.14.2 Power Requirements.................................................................................. 125
2.14.2.1 Grounding ....................................................................................... 125
2.14.3 Functional Description................................................................................ 126
2.14.4 Cabling ..................................................................................................... 129
2.14.5 External Connectors................................................................................... 130
2.14.6 Technical data........................................................................................... 132
2.15 RELAYS ADU UNIT .............................................................................................. 133
2.15.1 Mechanical Description............................................................................... 133
2.15.2 Power Requirements.................................................................................. 134
2.15.2.1 Grounding ....................................................................................... 134
2.15.3 Functional Description................................................................................ 135
2.15.4 Alarm Signals from the Cabinet................................................................... 136
2.15.5 External Connectors................................................................................... 137
2.15.6 Technical Data .......................................................................................... 142
2.16 SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE................................................................................. 143
2.16.1 Tetra Switching Unit .................................................................................. 143
2.16.2 Administrative Server................................................................................. 146
2.17 CABLING ............................................................................................................ 147
2.17.1 Internal cabling ......................................................................................... 148
2.17.1.1 Power and Grounding cabling ............................................................ 148
2.17.1.2 Alarms cabling ................................................................................. 151
2.17.1.3 Control and Signaling cabling ............................................................ 152
2.17.1.4 KVM Cabling Schemes ...................................................................... 154
2.17.1.5 Add-Ons Cabling Schemes ................................................................ 155

3. CONTROLS AND INDICATORS......................................................... 159


3.1 CONVENTIONS AND SYMBOLS ............................................................................. 159
3.2 FAN CONTROL UNIT............................................................................................ 161
3.3 ELECTRONIC POWER DISTRIBUTION UNIT........................................................... 162
3.4 RELAY ADU UNIT ................................................................................................ 165
3.5 GATEWAY COMPACT SERVER............................................................................... 166
3.6 TETRA SWITCHING UNIT .................................................................................... 167
3.7 KVM ................................................................................................................... 168
3.8 ADMINISTRATIVE SERVER................................................................................... 169
3.9 RELAYS UNIT...................................................................................................... 170
3.10 FAST ETHERNET ................................................................................................. 171
3.11 RAID DISK ENCLOSURE ....................................................................................... 172
3.12 START-UP AND SHUT-DOWN ............................................................................... 174
3.12.1 Preliminary checks ..................................................................................... 174
3.12.2 Start-up .................................................................................................... 175
3.12.3 Shut-down ................................................................................................ 177

4. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE........................................................... 179

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Table of Contents

4.1 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT ............................................................. 180


4.2 ESD PROTECTION............................................................................................... 181
4.3 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES........................................................... 182
4.3.1 Equipment Cleaning................................................................................... 182
4.3.1.1 Cabinet ........................................................................................... 182
4.3.1.2 Printed Circuit Boards or Modules ...................................................... 182
4.3.2 Connection Cables Inspection ..................................................................... 182
4.3.3 Power Supplies Check ................................................................................ 183
4.3.3.1 Input Power Supply at the SCN Plus Cabinet....................................... 183
4.3.4 Fan Operation Check ................................................................................. 183
4.3.5 Filter Cleaning ........................................................................................... 184

5. CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE...........................................................185
5.1 LIST OF REPLACEABLE UNITS .............................................................................. 186
5.2 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS ..................................................................................... 187
5.2.1 Safety Rules.............................................................................................. 187
5.2.2 ESD Protection .......................................................................................... 187
5.3 FAULT DETECTION AND CORRECTIVE ACTIONS.................................................... 188
5.3.1 Fault detection via front panel indicators ..................................................... 189
5.3.1.1 Relay-ADU....................................................................................... 189
5.3.1.2 Relays module ................................................................................. 190
5.3.1.3 Lan Switches ................................................................................... 190
5.3.2 Fault Detection via Alarm&Event Tracing from NMS or SCN-LT ...................... 191
5.3.2.1 Alarm Reports via SCN-LT ................................................................. 191
5.4 KVM TROUBLESHOOTING.................................................................................... 191
5.5 UNIT REPLACEMENT ........................................................................................... 192
5.5.1 Industrial PC replacement .......................................................................... 192
5.5.2 PC Battery Replacement............................................................................. 193
5.5.3 Replacement of Power Distribution Unit....................................................... 193
5.5.4 KVM Switch............................................................................................... 194
5.5.5 Replacement of Others Modules ................................................................. 195

6. MODIFICATION INSTRUCTIONS .....................................................197


6.1 INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................. 197
6.2 HARDWARE UPGRADING ..................................................................................... 198
6.3 SOFTWARE UPGRADING...................................................................................... 199

WORDBOOK.............................................................................................. I

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Rev. 01
SCN Plus
Technical Handbook
List of Figures

List of Figures
Fig. 1.1: SCN Plus ...........................................................................................................................1
Fig. 1.2: TETRA System Architecture..............................................................................................4
Fig. 1.3: SCN Plus Shelves disposition ........................................................................................6
Fig. 1.4: SCN Plus network element interfaces .............................................................................16
Fig. 1.5: SCN Plus interfaces location ...........................................................................................17
Fig. 1.6: Logical partition of the TETRA network ...........................................................................19
Fig. 1.7: Access Transport Network topologies .............................................................................20
Fig. 1.8: System administration resilience .....................................................................................22
Fig. 1.9: Internal data routing.........................................................................................................25
Fig. 1.10: IP and MAC server address assignment .........................................................................26
Fig. 1.11: SCN Plus Redunded........................................................................................................34
Fig. 2-1: SCN Plus layered architecture ........................................................................................41
Fig. 2.2: SCN Plus rack mechanical layout ...................................................................................44
Fig. 2.3: SCN Plus redunded fully equipped Shelves disposition ..............................................46
Fig. 2.4: Air flow through the Rack.................................................................................................50
Fig. 2.5: SCN Rack rear fan trays..................................................................................................51
Fig. 2.6: Fan tray and Switch displacement...................................................................................52
Fig. 2.7: Fan Control Unit...............................................................................................................54
Fig. 2-8: PDU front and rear view ..................................................................................................59
Fig. 2.9: TSU layout .......................................................................................................................66
Fig. 2.10: TSU front and rear view...................................................................................................67
Fig. 2.11: TSU functional diagram ...................................................................................................69
Fig. 2.12: AS layout..........................................................................................................................76
Fig. 2.13: AS Front side ...................................................................................................................77
Fig. 2.14: AS Rear side....................................................................................................................77
Fig. 2.15: ASc Resilience (with RaidBox) ........................................................................................81
Fig. 2.16: ASc Resilience without RaidBox .....................................................................................82
Fig. 2.17: Connectors on rear side ..................................................................................................83
Fig. 2.18: GWc layout ......................................................................................................................90
Fig. 2.19: GWc Front side................................................................................................................91
Fig. 2.20: GWc Rear side ................................................................................................................92
Fig. 2-21: GWc block diagram .........................................................................................................93
Fig. 2.22: Connectors on rear side ................................................................................................102
Fig. 2-23: Disk Enclosure...............................................................................................................104
Fig. 2-24: Disk Enclosure: composition .........................................................................................106
Fig. 2.25: Disk Enclosure rear view ...............................................................................................108
Fig. 2-26: FES Unit front layout......................................................................................................113
Fig. 2-27: FES Unit rear layout ......................................................................................................113
Fig. 2-28: KVM Unit........................................................................................................................118
Fig. 2-29: KVM block diagram........................................................................................................120
Fig. 2-30: KVM back panel.............................................................................................................120

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Rev. 01
SCN Plus
Technical Handbook
List of Figures

Fig. 2-31: Relays Unit layout ......................................................................................................... 124


Fig. 2-32: E1 links switching function ............................................................................................ 127
Fig. 2-33: E1 loop-back ................................................................................................................. 127
Fig. 2-34: E1 surge protection schema ......................................................................................... 129
Fig. 2-35 Relays unit connectors area ......................................................................................... 130
Fig. 2-36 Relays ADU unit front panel.......................................................................................... 133
Fig. 2-37: Relays ADU unit rear panel........................................................................................... 134
Fig. 2-38: Control Board device details ......................................................................................... 134
Fig. 2-39: Relays ADU unit functional block diagram................................................................... 135
Fig. 2-40: Relays ADU unit rear panel........................................................................................... 137
Fig. 2.41: TSU deployment ........................................................................................................... 144
Fig. 2.42: Power and Grounding Cabling Diagram ....................................................................... 149
Fig. 2.43: Alarm Cabling Diagram ................................................................................................. 151
Fig. 2.55: Signal Data Cabling Diagram........................................................................................ 152
Fig. 2.45: KVM Cabling Diagram................................................................................................... 154
Fig. 3.1: SCN Plus Shelves disposition.................................................................................... 160
Fig. 3.2: Breaker / Remote device relation, SCN Plus basic rack............................................... 163
Fig. 3.3: Breaker / Remote device relation, SCN Plus extension rack ....................................... 164
Fig. 3.4: Relay ADU unit front panel layout................................................................................. 165
Fig. 3.5: GWc front panel layout.................................................................................................. 166
Fig. 3.6: TSU-ePS front panel layout .......................................................................................... 167
Fig. 3.7: KVM layout .................................................................................................................... 168
Fig. 3.8: AS front panel layout..................................................................................................... 169
Fig. 3.9: Relays unit front panel layout........................................................................................ 170
Fig. 3.10: Fast Ethernet front panel layout .................................................................................... 171
Fig. 3.11: Disk enclosure front panel layout.................................................................................. 172
Fig. 3.12: Disk enclosure rear panel layout................................................................................... 173

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Rev. 01
SCN Plus
Technical Handbook
List of Tables

List of Tables
Tab. 1.1: SCN Plus Main composition ............................................................................................31
Tab. 1.2: SCN Plus Mandatory Add-Ons........................................................................................32
Tab. 1.3: SCN Plus Optional Add-Ons ...........................................................................................32
Tab. 1.4: SCN Plus Technical data.................................................................................................35
Tab. 2.1: SCN Plus composition .....................................................................................................45
Tab. 2.2: SCN Plus power requirements ........................................................................................47
Tab. 2.3: FAN Control Unit cabling list............................................................................................56
Tab. 2.4: ALIM A, ALIMB pin function.............................................................................................57
Tab. 2.5: FAN TOP, FAN BOTTOM (rear and front side) pin function ...........................................57
Tab. 2.6: ALARMS pin function.......................................................................................................58
Tab. 2.7: PDU input voltage range..................................................................................................60
Tab. 2.8: V_OUT loads assignment................................................................................................60
Tab. 2.9: Current overload Vs Tripping time...................................................................................61
Tab. 2.10: Alarm connector pinout....................................................................................................62
Tab. 2.11: TSU power requirements.................................................................................................68
Tab. 2.12: AS power requirements ...................................................................................................78
Tab. 2.13: External Connector Index ................................................................................................83
Tab. 2.14: GWc power requirements ................................................................................................92
Tab. 2.15: External Connector Index ..............................................................................................102
Tab. 2.16: Disk Enclosure power requirements..............................................................................105
Tab. 2.17: FES Unit power requirements .......................................................................................114
Tab. 2.18: KVM Unit power requirements.......................................................................................119
Tab. 2.19: Relays Unit power requirements ...................................................................................125
Tab. 2.20: Relays configuration ......................................................................................................128
Tab. 2.21: Control board status indication ......................................................................................128
Tab. 2.22: Surge protection device characteristics.........................................................................129
Tab. 2.23: Relays ADU unit power requirements ...........................................................................134
Tab. 2.24: Administrative Server functionality ................................................................................146
Tab. 2.25: SCN Plus main composition ..........................................................................................147
Tab. 2.26: SCN Plus power supply cabling list ...............................................................................150
Tab. 2.27: SCN Plus Alarm cabling list ...........................................................................................151
Tab. 2.28: SCN Plus Signal Data cabling list..................................................................................153
Tab. 2.29: SCN Plus KVM cabling list.............................................................................................154
Tab. 3.1: SDP left board devices ..................................................................................................170
Tab. 3-2: SDP right board devices ................................................................................................170
Tab. 3-3: CONTROL board devices..............................................................................................170
Tab. 4.1: Periodic maintenance basic operations.........................................................................179
Tab. 4.2: Periodic maintenance basic equipment.........................................................................180
Tab. 5.1: Replaceable Units..........................................................................................................186
Tab. 5.2: Console Switch Troubleshooting ...................................................................................191
Tab. 6.1: SCN Plus composition ...................................................................................................198

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Rev. 01
SCN Plus
Technical Handbook
Typographic convention

Typographic convention

Convention Meaning
Capital Initials in Bold Names of pop-up windows.
Text in bold Names of menu, commands.
Text in italics Highlight text, new terms.
Monospaced text Names of keys, combinations of keys, sequences of
keys, buttons.
Monospaced text Output from the computer, listing of programs.
Monospaced text in bold Input inserted from the user.
< > The variable information that the user must provide
are inserted between angular bracket.
[ ] Optional information for a command are inserted
between square bracket.
Press File Exit In the men File press Exit.

Page xiv SELEX Communications Proprietary Information P/N: 779-1353/01


Rev. 01
SCN Plus
Technical Handbook
Issue Record Sheet

Issue Record Sheet

Title: SCN Plus - Technical Handbook


Document code 779-1353/01
Date Main variations applied Rev.
March 2008 First version 01

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Reference Standards

REFERENCE STANDARDS

ETSI EN 300 019-2-1 Environmental conditions and environmental tests for


telecommunication equipment Specification of Environmental Tests
Storage

ETSI EN 300 019-2-2 Environmental conditions and environmental tests for


telecommunication equipment Specification of Environmental Tests
Transportation

ETSI EN 300 019-2-3 Environmental conditions and environmental tests for


telecommunication equipment Specification of Environmental Tests
Operation

EN 60068-2 Environmental testing

ETSI EN 300 386 Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Telecommunication network equipment

CEI EN 60950-1: Safety of information technology equipment.

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1. GENERAL

The SCN Plus is the Switching and Control Node equipment with enhanced packet
switching function. It is the network element where the main switching and interfacing
capability of the system is located. It also provides the core management functionality
for the TErrestrial Trunked RAdio (TETRA) system.
The purpose of the handbook is to give technicians responsible for the installation and
maintenance of the equipment all the information necessary to understand its
operation.
The SCN Plus equipment is single platform, highly scaleable system and is
specifically targeted to the Safety and Security Customers from small to very large
systems up to 512 carriers.
This handbook describes the TETRA Switching and Control Node SCN Plus
equipment in the non-redundant and in the redundant configuration
This handbook refers to the TETRA System Baseline 5.0 and higher.

Fig. 1.1: SCN Plus

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1.1 SCN PLUS TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION


The SCN Plus equipment is fitted out with a set of technical handbooks that provide a
comprehensive description of the equipment in every aspect and how to use it.
The set of technical handbooks implemented for the SCN Plus equipment consists of
the following items:

The TETRA Switching and Control Node SCN Plus Technical Handbook (this
handbook) furnishes a technical description of the SCN Plus cabinet,
including details on all sub-rack units.

The SCN Local Terminal User Guide contains a thorough description of the Local
Terminal software interface that configures and monitors the SCN Plus
equipment.

The SCN Plus Installation Guide contains step-by-step procedures for the installation
of the SCN Plus equipment.

Further reference should be made to the following technical documentation:


Network Management System User Guide

Finally, some further technical documentation is provided with the equipment. This
refers to commercial items fitted into the racks and is identified as follows:
FES Unit: Center COMM8224XL Technical Handbook

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1.2 HANDBOOK ORGANIZATION


This handbook is organized in six chapters.

Chapter 1 General introduces the SCN Plus equipment providing a short description
of TETRA system architecture and an overview of SCN Plus functionality,
services and features. This chapter also contains a table showing the
rack structure (together with the part numbers of the relevant sub-rack
units) and a list of the main SCN Plus technical data.

Chapter 2 - Technical description contains a technical description of the overall SCN


Plus equipment: this includes HW and SW structure, mechanical and
electrical data and cabling among sub-rack units with the relevant
connectors pin assignment. Each sub-rack unit is treated in some detail.

Chapter 3 - Controls and indicators shows details of front panels, controls and
indicators of the whole SCN Plus equipment. These are separately
treated for each sub-rack unit.

Chapter 4 - Preventive maintenance gives useful information about preventive actions


to be undertaken periodically in order to maintain the equipment.

Chapter 5 - Corrective maintenance contains some helpful information about


troubleshooting.

Chapter 6 - Modification instructions gives information about modification actions that


can be carried out on the equipment, such as the installation of additional
units or software/firmware upgrading.

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1.3 SCN PLUS EQUIPMENT OVERVIEW


The SCN Plus equipment is the network element where TETRA core functionality
management, switching and interfacing capability are located. It provides interfaces
towards Base Stations, Dispatchers, other SCN Plus systems and towards external
networks. It can therefore be considered as the core part of the TETRA network.
It realizes the interfacing capability within the TETRA network and all other possible
external networks, both for circuit mode connection (e.g. PABX, PSTN, ISDN) and
packet mode connection (e.g. ISDN, etc.), ensuring the inter-operability of the system
with legacy, current and future networks.
The following figure shows an example of TETRA network highlighting the SCN Plus
role.

Fig. 1.2: TETRA System Architecture

The SCN Plus cabinet hosts some subrack units1 as showed in the following figures
where both non-redunded and redunded configuration are shown.

1
The presence and the number of the subrack units change according to configuration and costumer request.

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The SCN Plus equipment is fitted into a cabinet featuring two separate power input
lines from an external -48 VDC power supply source. In this way the failure of one line
does not cause the shutdown of the equipment. The PDU distributes the all the
module composing the SCN Plus.
Switching capability of the equipment resides in the TSU-ePS. The TSU-ePS provides
switching facilities between a certain number of cells, each cell covering a defined
area in the TETRA system under the management of a Base Station. The TSU-ePS
also provides interfacing towards TETRA network elements and is directly monitored
by the Network Management System. Monitoring operations (and most configuration
operations) are also possible from a local platform (Local Terminal). The
Administrative Server fitted into the SCN Plus cabinet carries out the O&M
processing and Database Engine functions.
Main interfacing capability towards external world is located in the GWc, which acts as
a gateway. It provides interfacing to the external digital and analog telephone
networks (PABX, PSTN, ISDN-PRI, ISDN BRI, 4-Wire E&M, VoIP),
The Internal LAN system handles data traffic and signaling among different
processing units. The core of the internal LAN is the Fast Ethernet Switch, in dual
configuration, where are connected all the IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.3u (Fast
Ethernet) interfaces. Also the router is in dual configuration.
All I/O interfaces towards external elements to the cabinet are distributed on SCN Plus
system subracks and are located at the rear of the SCN Plus.
The number of interfaces available on the SCN Plus depends on the specific
configuration of the TSU units and specifically on the number and type of cards fitted
into these units
If required, an SCN Plus extension cabinet can be added in order to provide a fully
redundancy for SCN Plus. The extension cabinet, if present, contains the same
modules hosted inside the main cabinet.
The SCN Plus equipment fitted into the cabinet is shown in Fig. 1.3.

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Fig. 1.3: SCN Plus Shelves disposition

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1.4 SCN PLUS FUNCTIONS


The SCN Plus equipment can be regarded as the core functional part of the TETRA
network. It provides main switching and interfacing capability towards other TETRA
network elements as well as towards the external world via the GWc unit.
The SCN Plus equipment carries out the following main functions:
Circuit Switching
Packet Switching
Interfacing
Protocol Management
Resource Management
Call Control
Mobility Management
Subscriber Management
O&M Management.

These main functions will be briefly described in the following sub-sections.

1.4.1 Circuit Switching


The SCN Plus is capable of switching the circuit voice / data communication between
the associated BSs and to / from other SCNs, dispatchers or gateways. Voice is
switched in compressed format (TETRA coding) to minimize the end-to-end delay for
intra-system calls.
SCN Plus switching matrix is provided with 4096 (8 kbit/s) no blocking ports for every
couple of TSU and is accommodated in the TSU switch board.

1.4.2 Interfacing
SCN Plus provides several interfaces capable to connect the SCN Plus to TETRA
network Elements (e.g. Dispatchers, BS, CRS, other SCN Plus) and external PABX/
PSTN and PDN networks.
Inside the SCN Plus the sub-rack unit hosting the main interfacing capability towards
external networks is the Gateway compact server.
Further details on SCN Plus interfacing capability can be found in SCN Plus external
interfaces of this chapter.

1.4.3 Protocol Management


The SCN Plus equipment handles the layer 3 and layer 2 of the TETRA protocol.
Layer 3 protocol is handled by the main processor of the SBC CPU board. Layer 2
protocol (LAPD) processed either by the Netbrick card available in TSU.

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1.4.4 Resource Management


The Resource Management function deals with handling of BCF radio resources, i.e.
with the allocation of Radio Channels and Traffic Link Channels.
During Call Set-up Call Control requires a certain number of resources to Resource
Manager: Traffic Channel(s) for Calling/Called parties' and Traffic Link(s) for
connection to other SCNs. Radio channel allocation is requested by Call Control
during call set-up, late entry, call handover and join. The Radio Channel allocation for
a call causes the call to be included in CRV list, which is used by the pre-emption
mechanism. The Resource Manager as a result of Call Control request message
performs also the allocation of Traffic Link to a particular SCN.
Resource Management operates as a single schedulable task within an SCN. It has
the following responsibilities:
Allocates radio traffic and traffic link channels to circuit mode calls.
Allocates radio channels as Assigned Secondary Control Channels (for packet
data).
Operates queuing mechanisms for circuit mode calls when required resources
are unavailable.
Selects calls for pre-emption when radio channels are unavailable for high priority
calls.
Supports the addition and removal of radio channels and traffic link channels to
and from the available pool.
Provides the translation of gateway sub-slots to their corresponding traffic switch
ports.
It provides a call location service for other tasks (i.e. it identifies the call using a
given radio channel).

1.4.5 Call Control


The SCN Plus performs the Call Control function for communications between the
connected BSs, for inter SCN Plus communications and communications to external
networks. The Call Control is responsible for:
establishing, maintaining and clearing basic service calls;
addressing;
Call Identity.

1.4.6 Mobility Management


Mobility Management (MM) is responsible for recording the location of subscribers in
the network so that it is only necessary to page the known or probable location of a
subscriber when a call is made to the subscriber.
MM operates as a set of schedulable tasks within the SCN Plus:
It allows a subscriber to register (i.e. announce location and availability) at an
SCN and informs the subscriber of the result of the registration.

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It allows a subscriber to de-register (detach) and informs the subscriber of the


result of the de-registration.
It allows a registered subscriber to attach to or detach from groups of which it is a
configured member. The subscriber is informed of the result of the attach/detach
group request.
It also maintains the SCN Subscriber DataBase (SDB).

1.4.7 Subscriber Management


The Subscriber Management is responsible for maintaining profiles associated with
subscribers of the TETRA network.
Subscriber Management functionality involves the use of two databases: HLR (Home
Location Register) and VLR (Visitor Location Register) database. The two databases
are regarded as separate entities for convenience, but in fact they are combined to
form a unique Subscriber DataBase (SDB).
The HLR database contains the data concerning local subscribed individual
subscribers and groups. The HLR database of the SCN Plus has a capacity of 3000
users as well as VLR.
In the SELEX Communications TETRA network the Subscriber Management is a
distributed facility and it is allocated to the Dispatchers as well. Also the MSs can
change their profiles via Supplementary Services. An NMS or a Dispatcher operator
can create/update/delete individual subscribers, groups and memberships on HLR.
Then the changes are notified to the MMs (local/remotes) involved in the updating to
allow the VLR's alignment. The RSCNs take part in the subscriber management as
proxy agent for the modification coming from the mobiles and/or the Dispatchers. This
operation (Static Subscriber Management) implies modifications on the SwMI
databases only without involving MSs.

1.4.8 O&M Management


The NMS through direct or indirect connections manages all the resources of the
TETRA network. In particular, BSs and TRXs are managed by the SCN and just
indirectly by the NMS.
O&M management relies on a message-based proprietary management protocol on
top of TCP/IP for TETRA specific elements, while Simple Network Management
Protocol (SNMP) messages are used for non TETRA specific network elements.
Information are maintained in a Configuration database (CDB) and synchronized with
the NMS. The CDB in the SCN has information concerning elements directly
connected to the SCN, the CDB in the NMS has information concerning all elements.
The CDB is loaded at start-up.
Alarms coming from BS are sent to the NMS by the mediation of the SCN that
translates protocol and messages. Only relevant events can be transferred to the
NMS. Event filtering can be defined by configuring the mediation in the SCN.
A configuration created by the NMS is sent to the CDB of the related SCN (using the
mediation functionality of the SCN). If the new configuration is accepted the NMS

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stores new information also in the local CDB. If the BS is not available at that time, the
new configuration will be uploaded when the BS connection becomes available.

1.4.9 Fall-back Management


The SCN Plus equipment keeps its main functionality in the event of link failure
between the node and the NMS.

1.5 SCN PLUS SERVICES


Main services supported by the SCN Plus equipment, which are based on the
functions described in the previous section, are briefly described in the following sub-
sections.
A detailed list of provided basic and supplementary services can be found in the
user's manuals of the MSs.

1.5.1 Basic services

1.5.1.1 Individual Call (point to point)


An individual speech call is a bi-directional point to point connection between two
terminal equipment such as: Mobile Station, Dispatchers, PABX/PSTN gateways.
Depending on Mobile Station capability the individual call may be either half duplex or
full duplex.
Any PTT contention of the two parties is arbitrated from the system.
Individual calls set-up may use "on/off hook signaling" or "direct set-up signaling":
when on/off hook signaling is used the called subscriber is alerted: in this case
the call set up procedure is suspended until the subscriber hooks off;
when direct set-up signaling is used the called subscribed is not alerted; the
response from called mobile is sent automatically by the software, and it does not
indicate that the called user has answered.

One or two Radio resources can be required in the call depending on where MSs are:
a full duplex call with MSs in the same cell site, requires 2 TCHs (one channel for
each MS);
a half or a full duplex call with MSs in different cell sites, requires 2 TCHs (1 TCH
in each cell);
a half duplex call with MSs in the same cell site requires 1 TCH in the cell used
by both calling and called MS.

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1.5.1.2 Group Call (point to multi-point)


In the TETRA network MSs, Dispatchers and External Network Subscribers may be
grouped. For each group of mobiles a specific TETRA subscriber address is assigned.
A group call is a speech call among several users. It is realized making a call from an
individual user toward a group.
On receiving a group call request, the network:
recovers all location areas, where MS belonging to the group are registered;
allocates at least one traffic channel;
Broadcasts D_SETUP messages with information on the channel reserved to the
call.

Using presence indication the system is able to release resources allocated in a cell
where no mobile is present.
Called users have to synchronize to the new channel and enter the call.
In group calls only direct set-up signaling is applicable: called subscribers are not
alerted.
In the case of a calling mobile not belonging to the called group, a temporary group
address is defined, just for the call duration.
Two type of group calls are supported:

Unacknowledged group call is a group call in which no information about the presence
of mobiles belonging to the group is required. The network does not know
either how many or which mobiles are effectively involved in the call.

Broadcast group call is a group call in which only the calling mobile has permission to
transmit for all the call duration. No other mobiles may ask for permission
to transmit.

When the group call is extended to more SCNs, trunk allocation is also performed.
When a group call request is made to an already set group call the system will join the
calling party to the existing group call.

1.5.1.3 Circuit Data Service


The following circuit data services are provided:
Point to point and point to multi-point data on a traffic channel using a single slot
(with TETRA channel coding. 4.8 kbit/s (low protection) and 2.4 kbit/s (high
protection) services). The point to point connection can be full duplex.
Point to point and point to multi-point data connection between two users on a
traffic channel using a single slot (without TETRA channel coding). An
unprotected 7.2 kbit/s channel is therefore assigned to the users. The point to
point connection can be full duplex.

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Point to point and point to multi-point data on a traffic channel using up to 4 slots
with TETRA channel coding. The maximum bit rate available is 19.2 kbit/s (low
protection) or 9.6 kbit/s (high protection). The connection is half duplex.
Point to point and point to multi-point data connection between two users on a
traffic channel using up to 4 slots without TETRA channel coding. The maximum
bit rate available is 28.8 kbit/s and the transmission is unprotected. The
connection is half duplex.
Point to point data connection between two users on a traffic channel using up to
2 slots (with or without TETRA channel coding). The maximum bit rate is 14.4
kbit/s (unprotected), 9.6 kbit/s (low protection) or 4.8 kbit/s (high protection). The
connection is full duplex.

1.5.1.4 Short Data Service


Status messages are pre-defined messages known by users and by the network. The
user selects one pre-defined message and sends it to the target user or group of
users.
User defined short data messages can be sent from a user to another user or a group
of users. The network routes these messages to the correct target users or group.
The user may be an MS or a Dispatcher or an external network.
Short data messages (both pre-defined and user defined) can be sent by and/or to
users involved in an individual or group speech/circuit data call. In this case radio
channels where the short data is sent/received are the same radio channels used for
the existing calls.

1.5.2 Supplementary Services

1.5.2.1 Priority Call


Default value for "Priority call" is "Priority not defined" (0).
A mobile can select, call by call, the level of priority.
The priority call has impact on queuing where no resources are available.

1.5.2.2 Pre-emptive Priority Call


Pre-emptive priority calls are always processed. In this case several calls may be pre-
empted to satisfy the higher priority call.
For each established call, a Call Retention Value (CRV) is available. Call retention
value is a network option that defines the relative level of protection of the established
call against the probability of having the resources pre-empted. The Call Retention
Value is a configurable parameter, associated to each subscriber. When a call is
established, the call retention value is the value associated to calling mobile.
In the event of a pre-emption of resources the call with the lowest CRV is
disconnected in order to give the resources to the new call. Within each CRV older
"candidate" calls are examined before younger ones and are therefore more likely to
be pre-empted.

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1.6 SCN PLUS FEATURES


Main performance and particular features of the SCN Plus equipment are briefly listed
in the following paragraphs. More details can be found in Chapter 2 - Technical
description of this handbook.

1.6.1 Automatic Restart After Power Failure


After power failure the functionality of the SCN Plus is automatically restored upon the
return of the mains voltage.

1.6.2 Synchronization
The SCN Plus maintains a reference clock synchronized with the NMS for accurate
time stamping. The clock can be reconstructed from an external 2048 kbit/s link or
from an external source (e.g. GPS receiver) or locally generated by an internal
oscillator.
The SCN Plus delivers the timing signal to the controlled BSs (working in slave mode)
via the SCN/BS link. Due to a high stability on-board oscillator the BSs are also able
to work correctly in isolation from the SCN (fall-back mode).
All the BSs managed by an SCN are ready to be connected locally with a special
external GPS receiver to derive the Absolute Time Reference for synchronization of
the timebase counters.

1.6.3 Call Logging


The SCN Plus supports the Call Logging service: for each call managed by the SCN
Plus a log of the call is generated. This Call Log provides details about the call.
Typically including the parties involved in the call, their whereabouts, the duration of
the call, and the use of resources.

1.6.4 Fault Logging


The SCN Plus equipment logs local faults that can be monitored from the Local
Terminal or the NMS.

1.6.5 Internal and Link Failure Detection and Reporting


The SCN-ePs will detect the failure of any internal module (e.g. power supply,
interface, processors, etc.).
Upon the detection of an internal fault the SCN Plus will:
Generate an alarm indication signal to the NMS
Generate a local maintenance alarm indication meaning that maintenance
attention is required on a specific SCN Plus sub-rack unit
Generate an alarm indication signal to the Local Terminal (if connected).

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The SCN Plus monitors local failures as well as those of other controlled network
elements. Connection failures between the unit and other network elements are also
detected.
Alarm tracing functionality is available from both the NMS and the SCN Plus LT
platforms.

1.6.6 External Alarm Detection


The SCN Plus equipment is able to detect alarm signals from external devices.

1.6.7 External Actuators Handling


The SCN Plus equipment can drive external equipment via actuator outputs.

1.7 SCN PLUS PERFORMANCE

1.7.1 Switch Programming Time


The switching matrix has a switch programming time of less than 10 ms.

1.7.2 Latency Time


The latency time is less than 3 ms, calculated from the packet input into the switch to
the time the packet information processing activity starts up.

1.7.3 End-to-End Delay


The one-way transmission delay for a voice signal from a transmitting
terminal/dispatcher microphone to the receiving terminal/dispatcher loudspeaker does
not exceed 250 ms length. This includes any delay caused by an
Encryption/Decryption process.
The one-way transmission of circuit switched data (i.e. the time spent within the
transmission system from the output of data source to the input of data sink) does not
exceed 150 ms. This does not include signal transit in any external network.

1.7.4 Speech Quality


For a good TETRA channel (BER better than 4%) the speech quality is dominated by
the TETRA codec characteristics. Tests have shown that, under "equivalent"
conditions, the TETRA voice channel is as good as the analogue FM PMR voice
channel, except for high ambient noise conditions where the TETRA codec has a
better performance.
The TETRA codecs used in this system are in compliance with the codec
performance documented in the ETS 300-395 series specifications.

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1.7.5 System Error Rate


TETRA (ETS 300 392-2) specifies a minimum uncoded BER or MER of better than
4%. In this way under all assumed propagation scenarios the receiver reference
sensitivity performance and interference criteria (co-channel and adjacent channel)
are met under static and dynamic conditions. Simulation studies have shown that the
TETRA codec can cope with this error rate limit without a severe loss of speech
quality.

1.7.6 Reliability

1.7.6.1 Component Redundancy


The SCN Plus in redundant configuration has all critical components duplicated, such
as TETRA Switch Unit, Gateway compact server and Administrative server. SCN Plus
design aims to avoid any single point of failure. Intralink LAN network can be also
protected. In case of multiprocessor failure, switchover time between the active and
the stand-by processor is 10 s.

1.7.6.2 Alternate Path Management


In the event of a failure of physical links, or a transit network element in a meshed
network, the system is able to re-configure the paths between the network elements
and the operation of the network elements themselves in order to minimize the impact
on the system performance.

1.7.6.3 Link Failure Management


In the event of failure of redundant links at physical level between the BS and the SCN
Plus (or the backbone), the BS takes about 100 ms to detect the failure. This time is
settable via SW by two parameters: the hysteresis, i.e. the number of times the BS
detect the failure before asserting the link down, and the sampling time that is settable
by 100-ms steps; the suggested overall time is 300 ms). In the event of link failure
between the SCN Plus and the backbone, the SCN Plus waits that the BS re-activates
the link.
In the event of failure of redundant links at layer-2 level, the BS takes 960 ms (3 s if
there is no traffic on the link) to detect the failure: the BS switches on the redundant
link. In the event of link failure between the SCN Plus and the backbone, the SCN
Plus waits that the BS switches on the redundant link.
At layer-3 level the SCN Plus issues a polling message to the BS every a specific
timeout (settable in the CDB.dat file; see SCN Plus Setting up and Start up Guide). If
the link is down and the BS does not receive messages from the SCN Plus, the BS
issues a "Check-connection" message after a time (settable via) to the SCN Plus: if
the SCN Plus does not answer the BS enters in fall back mode. On the SCN-side, if
the SCN Plus does not receive answer from the BS for two consecutive times, the
SCN Plus drives the BS in Disabled state.

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1.8 SCN PLUS EXTERNAL INTERFACES


The following figure shows the TETRA radio interface and the interfaces external to
the SCN Plus network element. Each type of interface is identified with a number.
Some interfaces are included in the standard configuration of the SCN Plus
equipment, while other interfaces can be furnished upon customer's request.

Fig. 1.4: SCN Plus network element interfaces

The interfaces available from the SCN Plus equipment (except for the radio interface
that connects the radio Base Stations to the Mobile Units) are as follows:
Interface 1 - TETRA "trunked" air interface, according to ETS 300-392-2
standard.
Interface 2 - SCN Plus / BS interface.
Interface 3 - SCN Plus / SCN Plus interface.
Interface 4 - SCN Plus / NMS or SCN LT interface.
Interface 5 - SCN Plus / WDS interface.
Interface 6 - SCN Plus / CRS interface.
Interface 7 (optional) - interface from SCN Plus to external ISDN-BRI (basic) or
ISDN-PRI (primary) or ISDN BRI/2VFD platforms.
Interface 8 (optional) - interface from SCN Plus to external Analogue or Digital
PTN (PABX) platforms.
Interface 9 (optional) - interface from SCN Plus to external Analogue or Digital
PSTN (PABX) platforms.
Interface 10 (optional) - interface from SCN Plus to external 4w-EM platforms.
Interface 11 (optional) - interface from SCN Plus to external alarm devices.
Interface 12 (optional) - interface from SCN Plus to external recording system
(LRS).

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These interfaces are physically located in the following sub-rack units of the SCN Plus
cabinet (refer to the following figure):
Interfaces located in the TSU sub-rack unit:
2 Mbit/s G.703 to/from BSs (Interface 2).
2 Mbit/s inter-SCN Plus (Interface 3).
2 Mbit/s to/from WDSs (Interface 5).
2 Mbit/s to CRSs (Interface 6).
Interfaces on the Fan Control Unit panel towards external devices (Interface 11).
Additional RS-232 interfaces.

Interfaces located in the Gateway compact server (GWc Server):


LAN/WAN Ethernet interface to/from NMS or LT (Interface 4).
Telephony interfaces: analogue and digital PTN, PABX, PSTN, ISDN-BRI, ISDN-
PRI (Interface 7 through 9).
4w-EM interface (Interface 10).

Fig. 1.5: SCN Plus interfaces location

1.8.1 The 2 Mbit/s E1 and 64 kbit/s Links


Most network elements are connected to the SCN Plus equipment via a 2 Mbit/s E1 or
64 kbit/s link. ITU-T G.703 for the electrical characteristics and G.704 for the
functional characteristics define these links.
In this configuration only 2 Mbit/s connection is available.
The network elements connected to the SCN Plus can share the 2 Mbit/s stream.
When the stream is not shared the network element is connected to the SCN Plus
using a dedicated link. When the network topology allows some network elements to
share a 2 Mbit/s stream it is necessary to calculate how many network elements can
share the same stream.
The SBC CPU and Netbrick card housed in the TSU sub-rack unit provide interfacing
capability inside the SCN Plus equipment. Depending on the specific configuration of
these cards these interfaces can be provided with internal redundancy or not.

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Common signaling channel strategy is used for all connections between network
elements.
Traffic channel data is carried on the link by using a sub-multiplexing strategy to
optimize channel occupancy: 8 x 8 kbit/s channels are multiplexed in a 64 kbit/s
stream. LAPD protocol is used as a link layer on the signaling channel.
The number of interfaces supported by the TSU depends on the type of cards fitted
into the unit and on the redundancy requirements of the specific application.

1.8.2 Link Redundancy


The 2 Mbit/s links between the network elements and the SCN Plus may, or may not,
have redundancy.
Two types of redundancy can be distinguished:

Interface redundancy: meaning that the used E1 interface is internally redundant


according to the chosen configuration.

Stream redundancy: meaning that two links are used to connect the network element
to the SCN Plus.

Stream redundancy is determined by the number of links used to connect the network
element to the TSU and consequently it is affected by network topology.

1.8.3 Network Topology


Network elements within a TETRA network can be divided into two main groups
introducing a logical network partition:
Access Network: composed by the BSs, CRSs, LDSs, WDSs and RDSs;
Core Network: composed by the SCNs.
Physical interconnections between network elements on both Access and Core
Networks are obtained through the Transport Network. The following transport
network layers can be defined:
Access Transport Network: including multiplex, cross-connect and transmission
equipment for connecting the Access Network elements to the SCN.
Core Transport Network: including multiplex, cross-connect and transmission
equipment for inter-connecting SCNs.
The above logical network partition is shown in the following figure. NMS and the
associated Transport Network are separated management system, each one with its
associated data network.

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Fig. 1.6: Logical partition of the TETRA network

1.8.3.1 Access Network Logical Topology


From a logical point of view all Access Network elements are connected to the SCN
with point-to-point connections. This implies that an SCN and its associated access
elements form a star topology with the SCN located at the center of the star.

1.8.3.2 Core Network Logical Topology


SCNs and their interconnections constitute the Core Network. Inter-SCN connections
use TCP/IP as network protocol and OSPF as routing protocol. This solution gives a
high degree of flexibility for the realization of core network topologies. The optimal
topology depends on number of nodes, resilience requirements and geographical
network extension. The most used are ring and mesh topologies.
TCP/IP is the network protocol for all signaling and data services (O&M, DB traffic).
The physical layer is E1 (ITU-T G.703/G.704).

1.8.3.3 Access Transport Network Physical Topology


Access Transport Network has the specific function of mapping the point-to-point
Access Network topology over a specific physical architecture. Transport Network
equipment provides all the functionality needed to realize the specific topology.
Possible topologies for the Access Transport Network are:
Star: the BSs are connected with dedicated E1 links to the SCN;
Chain: several BSs are connected to the SCN using different timeslots on the same
E1 connection. This allows for better use of network resources. In case of
connection failure the set of BSs, that have lost the SCN connection,
enter the fallback mode.
Ring: this is the most reliable solution and it is possible to realize "self healing rings",
where the BSs maintain their connection to the SCN even in case of
failure on the ring.
A mix of the above.
The realization of the chain and ring topologies requires the introduction of cross-
connect element (DXC) as shown in the following figure.
The DXC equipment is a simple cross-connector. In case of failure of the DXC the
loop/chain is unaffected and the local BS enters the fallback mode

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If ring topology is adopted, an automatic recovery strategy can be implemented in


case of loop failure (recovery performance depends on the specific DXC equipment).

Fig. 1.7: Access Transport Network topologies

1.8.3.4 Core Transport Network Physical Topology


Core Network logical topology (Ring and Mesh) can be mapped over any physical
architecture. However, it is strongly recommended the adoption of either Ring or Mesh
topology.

1.8.4 SCN Plus/NMS and SCN LT Interface


The interface between the SCN Plus Home node and the Network Management
System is realized via WAN/LAN. The same interface is used for the connection with
the SCN Local Terminal.

1.8.5 SCN Plus/WDS Interface


The WDSs can be connected to the SCN Plus by using a 2 Mbit/s E1 interface.
The number of E1 interfaces available on the TSU sub-rack unit depends on the
specific configuration of the unit.

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1.8.6 SCN Plus/CRS Interface


The CRS is connected to the SCN Plus through a 2048 kbit/s E1 link (refer to section
The 2 Mbit/s E1 and 64 kbit/s links).
The SBC CPU, H100 SWITCH and NETBRICK cards housed in the TSU sub-rack unit
provide interfacing capability. The number of interfaces supported by the TSU
depends on the type of cards fitted into the unit and on the redundancy requirements
of the specific application.
The CRSs can be interfaced with a LAN supporting LDSs, which cannot be connected
to the TSU SCN directly. In particular configurations the GWc unit fitted into the SCN
Plus cabinet can be configured as a CRS, thus enabling management of LDSs.

1.8.7 SCN Plus/External Networks Interface


Interfacing capability of SCN Plus towards external networks is provided via the
Gateway compact server and depends heavily on the specific configuration of the unit
itself. The Gateway compact server can actually host a wide range of I/F cards, such
as:

E1 I/F 2 Mbit/s E1 I/F(s) toward external devices; may be used to connect SCN
Plus.

ISDN PRI I/F ISDN PRI (Primary Rate Interface) connection toward external
world. Suitable for connection of ISDN telephone networks.

4-wire E&M I/F interface with 2-wire and 4-wire E&M analogue telephone lines.

Ethernet LAN I/F Additional Ethernet LAN interface for connections, with LDS, NMS
and SCN Local Terminal.

Further details on these interfaces and associated cards can be found in Chapter -
Technical Description of this handbook.

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1.9 SYSTEM ADMINISTRATION


TETRA system administration functions are supported by Administrative Server
Compact (Asc). Supported functions include:
HLR database management;
Security management;
Operation and system maintenance;
Network timing management.
ASc, duplicated, is a multiprocessor server which supports SCSI controller for DISK
enclosure data access.

1.9.1 System Administration Resilience


HLR database is very important for TETRA network because store users and
encryption information. HLR database is level 1 RAID protected database accessible
from active and stand-by Asc . For more details see para 1.10, and 2.11.

Fig. 1.8: System administration resilience

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1.10 EQUIPMENT RESILIENCE


SCN Plus equipment is mainly composed by TSU, ASc and GWc servers. The
following protection schemes are applied:
Active-stand-by, for TSUs and AScs;
Load sharing, for GWc

1.10.1 Active/Stand-by Protection Configuration


This kind of protection is applicable at TSUs and ASc servers.
We define CLUSTER , one ACTIVE and one STAND-BY server.
From the network operation point of view, active server operates as ACTIVE and
stand-by server operates as STAND-BY, this means that data, routing and
configuration are managed from ACTIVE server, meanwhile from CLUSTER
control point of view STAND-BY server check ACTIVE server health analysing
acknowledge message receiving from ACTIVE server. If acknowledge message is
not received or contains indication regarding ACTIVE server internal alarm, switch
command criteria will be generated.

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1.10.2 Load-Sharing Protection Configuration


This kind of protection is applicable at GWc servers.
From the network operation point of view, both server are active at the same time. For
this reason we have GWc_1 and GWc_2 servers.
Load-sharing mechanism operates according to the following rules:

Outgoing calls (TETRA to PABX)


Outgoing calls are routed to a whole outgoing number. GWc_1 and GWc_2 self-
register asynchronously they self every 60 sec to active TSU, so alternatively they are
associated at the outgoing number as external gateway. Outgoing call are routed
through the last registered gateway.
If a GWc fails, registration procedure does not occur, so outgoing calls are routed
through fail-free GWc server.

Incoming calls (PABX to TETRA)


Telecomm network identify TETRA network as a single prefix number.
PABX sends call at the first available line to TETRA network.
GWc are so used independently by TSU registration algorithms.
If a GWc fails and PABX detects GWc failure (E1 line down), call will be so routed
through the fail-free GWc server.
If PABX does not detects GWc failure, originated call will be not completed and calling
user will retry later.

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Fig. 1.9: Internal data routing

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1.11 INTERNAL DATA ROUTING AND RESILIENCE


Traffic and maintenance data are internally routed using E1 lines and intra LAN
network.
Traffic data routing through E1 lines involves TSU and GWc servers, see Fig. 1.9:
Internal data routing.
Traffic and maintenance data routing through intra LAN network involves inter TSU
servers link and TSU and ASc servers link.
Regarding intra LAN network resilience, each single server has two independent LAN
port connected to two 4x100Mbit/s Trunk connected fast Ethernet switch.
Server ports LAN 1 and LAN 2 status are internally controlled and enabled.
IP and MAC active and stand-by servers addresses are overwrite by virtual IP and
MAC cluster address.

Fig. 1.10: IP and MAC server address assignment

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1.12 SCN PLUS SIZING

1.12.1 SCN Plus Resource Evaluation


The main resources to be consider in order to calculate the threshold values for
interfacing capability are:
Number of LAPD channels
Number of E1 interfaces
Number of switching ports
Processing power

These resources are shared between the set of network elements connected to the
TSU fitted in the SCN Plus equipment. The network elements to be considered are:
Other SCN Plus
BS
CRS
WDS
GWc

In following sub-sections some considerations on the SCN-SCN and SCN-BS


interfaces are given.

1.12.1.1 SCN/SCN Interface


Consider the SCN connected via one 2 Mbit/s E1 interface and the stream is
completely dedicated to this connection. This implies that all the 31 DS0 time-slots
available are dedicated and cannot be shared.
It can be assumed that no more than two DS0 channels have to be used for signaling,
but only one LAPD resource has to be allocated due to a sub-rating strategy that
allows splitting of the signaling between the SCN nodes over two 64 kbit/s DS0
channels of a 2 Mbit/s stream. The other DS0 time-slots can be used for circuit traffic.

1.12.1.2 SCN Plus/BS Interface


Each BS connected to the SCN Plus requires 1 LAPD resource for signaling and 1
DS0 per couple of Carriers (each carrier provides 4 TETRA Channels and occupies
32Kbit/sec). The number of DS0s for circuit traffic is equal to the number of TTU fitted
into the BS, i.e. a DS0 is able to transport the circuit traffic of two transceivers (each
TTU can house one or two TRXs).
The BS is connected to the SCN Plus through one 2 Mbit/s E1 interface.
In general, two main connection types can be used: an open stream (chain) and a
stream closed on the SCN Plus (ring). In the TSU two E1 interfaces are used for each
ring and 1 E1 interface for each chain.

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The open or closed stream connection includes the instance where the BS does not
share the 2 Mbit/s stream with other network elements. If the stream has redundancy
the connection is a ring, otherwise the connection is a chain. Redundancy of the
stream is not equivalent to redundancy of the E1 interface: the former means that two
links are used to connect the BS to the SCN Plus, the latter means that the used E1
interface is internally redundant.

1.13 CONFIGURATION AND MAINTENANCE ASPECTS


This section briefly illustrates the main aspects concerning configuration and
maintenance of the SCN Plus equipment.
Further information can be found in the User Guides of the NMS and of the SCN Local
Terminal, which are the primary tools for the performance of these tasks.
The part numbers of these guides are:
Network Management System User Guide;
SCN Local Terminal User Guide.

NMC acts as operational and maintenance server.


NMC reach SCN Plus using TETRA backbone or public WAN network.
For security reason public WAN link are interconnected using dedicated LAN board,
Point to Point protocol with static IP address assignment and data encryption are
enabled.

1.13.1 SCN Plus Parameters Configuration and Monitoring


All the SCN Plus parameters can be configured and monitored from the NMS. Alarm
management and tracing, log information, SCN Plus status and performance data are
provided to the NMS.
Most tasks can also be carried out from the SCN Local Terminal. This is particularly
helpful when the SCN Plus equipment is disconnected from the NMS (fall-back mode).
The SCN Plus supports multi-manager processes, which implies that the SCN Plus
can be controlled by more than one manager at the same time. The NMS, the SCN
Plus LT and also a dispatcher can act as managers. All connected managers can
read the configuration (i.e. they have reading capabilities). The manager that
normally controls the SCN Plus is the NMS.

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1.13.2 SCN Plus Re-initialization


The NMS can re-initialize network components and sub-systems (channels, ports,
etc.) including the possible downloading of software or configuration data.

1.13.3 Software Downloading


The SCN Plus supports software downloading from the NMS to controlled equipment.
The SCN Plus also manages SW downloading to the controlled equipment. Software
downloading takes place without significant impact on the call handling performance.
Refer to the NMS User Guide for details.

1.13.4 Administrative Management of HW and FW versions


The HW and FW versions of the boards are stored in files accessible from the NMS.

1.13.5 Administrative Management of SW Versions


The following data is available in a file accessible from the NMS:
version number and installation date of all system software and application
software of the SCN Plus;
historical data with reference to faults or errors in present system software and
application software;
data concerning the functionality of each software version (Release Notes),
including all changes in functionality as well as all solved faults (Bug Fixes).

1.13.6 Administrative Management of Data


The following data is accessible from the NMS:
data concerning subscriber management;
data referring to authorization and priorities of end users;
logged activities of end users;
data concerning technical aspects of the SCN Plus:
technical configuration data;
logged technical network events.

1.13.7 Fault Log


The SCN Plus logs all fault events. This data is retained for all the fault events that
have occurred in the last 30 days. This data is stored in the database.
Fault logging is also performed by the NMS. This redundancy insures against major
faults in the NMS data.
This data is also available from the SCN Local Terminal.

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1.13.8 SCN Local Terminal


The SCN Local Terminal is a local/remote operator console that enables operation,
administration and maintenance of the SCN Plus equipment it is connected to and of
all the resources controlled by that SCN node.
The Local Terminal is a co-located platform connected to the SCN node via LAN.
For further information about the SCN Local Terminal reference should be made to
the relevant SCN Local Terminal User Guide.

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1.14 PRODUCT STRUCTURE


The hardware configuration of the SCN Plus equipment can change according to the
number of interfaces required by the specific project and to redundancy and
connectivity requirements.
The SCN Plus is made up of Main Elements that are always present; Mandatory
Add-Ons that consist in alternative modules (or kits) that must be always present;
Optional Add-Ons that consist in optional items present only according to the
customer request.
The following tables describe the product structure of the SCN Plus in Redunded and
Non Redunded configurations together with relevant part numbers.

Tab. 1.1: SCN Plus Main composition

Qty
Main Elements Non-Red Red Code
SCN Plus Non Redunded 1 775-0416/02
SCN Plus Redunded 1 775-0418/02
Prewired rack 1 1 774-0571/01
Rack 1 1 971-0365/01
Extraction FAN array 1 1 771-1328/01
Suction FAN array 1 1 771-1329/01
FAN Control Unit 1 1 771-0578/02
PC tray 4 4 970-2974/01
PDU 9 + 9 with Alarm 1HE 1 1 978-0726/02
Power Filter Module 1 1 774-0543/01
Door sensor kit 2 2 771-1334/01
Power Supply Terminal Board 2 2 771-1337/01
TSU Unit 1 2 774-0472/01
Relays Module 1 1 774-0471/01
FES Unit 1 2 771-0501/05
Relays-ADU Unit 1 1 774-0526/01
Administrative Server 1 2 774-0556/03
Administrative Server Add-On
LAN Server Adapter - 2 978-0211/02
Ethernet PCI Adapter - 2 978-0665/01
KVM Switch Module 8 PC 1 1 972-0062/01
PC Filter Grid 4 4 970-2896/01
PC Filter 4 4 970-2897/01
Cable Fastening kit 1 1 771-0938/01
Dummy panel 1 HE black with cable pass 6 6 970-0245/04
Dummy Panel 1 HE black 2 - 970-2498/02
Dummy panel 6 HE black 7 6 970-3039/01
Dummy panel 6 HE black 3 2 970-3038/01

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Tab. 1.2: SCN Plus Mandatory Add-Ons

Qty
Mandatory Add-Ons Non-Red Red Code
Base Software Home SCN
RDBMS Oracle SE-MS Windows NT 1 2 978-0519/01

SCN Admin Server JDMK 1 2 978-0383/01

SCN Admin Server Orbacus 1 2 978-0385/01


Base Software Regional SCN
SCN Admin Server JDMK 1 2 978-0383/01

SCN Admin Server Orbacus 1 2 978-0385/01


Hasp Parallel Key enabling SW for HLR 1 2 978-0757/01
Hasp Parallel Key enabling SW for HLR Full Option 1 2 978-0764/01

Tab. 1.3: SCN Plus Optional Add-Ons

Max Qty.
Non- Equipment
Optional Add-Ons Red Red Code Class
GW server 4W Radio IF 2 2 Gateway

GWc Server 4W Radio IF kit 1 1 774-0532/02


4WE&M card 1 1 771-1267/01
4WE&M Power 1 1 771-1278/01
PCI-EIU card 1 1 774-0359/01
VP card 1 1 774-0594/01
Windows NT Workstation 1 1 978-0524/01
SCN Admin Server JDMK 1 1 978-0383/01

GW PRI 2 2 Gateway

GWc Server PRI Radio IF kit 1 1 774-0533/02


D600 card 1 1 9400006M0513
PCI-EIU card 1 1 774-0359/01
VP card 2 2 774-0594/01
Windows NT Workstation 1 1 978-0524/01
SCN Admin Server JDMK 1 1 978-0383/01
2
GW Server VoIP 1 1 Gateway

GWc Server VoIP 1 1 774-0632/01


T1/E1 PCI Board 1 1 972-0168/01
Windows NT Workstation 1 1 978-0524/01
SCN Admin Server JDMK 1 1 978-0383/01

2
When this GWc configuration is installed inside the SCN Plus cabinet also a GWc PRI unit must be installed.

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Max Qty.
Non- Equipment
Optional Add-Ons Red Red Code Class
TSU Kit 3 3 SCN System

TSU unit 1 2 774-0472/02


Relays Module 1 1 774-0471/01
Cross Cable - 1 976-0802/01
GPS Board 1 2 978-0616/01 Administrative
Server

Encryption Board 3 4 978-0387/01 Administrative


Server

Encryption Board (rev 2) 3 4 972-0171/01 Administrative


Server

Raid BOX Kit - 1 771-1277/01 -

If required, an SCN Plus extension cabinet can be added in order to provide a fully
redundancy for SCN Plus. The extension cabinet may be present only for SCN Plus
redunded configuration and, if present, it contains the same modules hosted inside the
main cabinet except of the Raid Box.
The number and type of optional parts fitted in the equipment could change according
to the project's specific requirements. Refer to the specific project's technical
documentation for details.
The following figure shows the SCN Plus redunded configuration and highlights the
composing items.

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Fig. 1.11: SCN Plus Redunded

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1.15 TECHNICAL DATA


The following table summarizes the main technical data concerning the SCN Plus
equipment.

Tab. 1.4: SCN Plus Technical data

SCN Plus Technical data


Power Supply -48 VDC
VDC Supply range -44 VDC to -60 VDC
Power Supply noise 2 mV RMS Telephony weighted
5 mV RMS Flat Above 3 kHz
Max Power Consumption TSU (each): 250W @48 VDC
ASc (each): 250W @48 VDC
GWc (each): 250W @48 VDC
Relays (each): 15W @48 VDC
Relays ADU: 15W @48 VDC
PDU: 1W@48 VDC
Fan Control Unit panel: 15W @48 VDC
RAID enclosure: 500W @48 VDC
KVM Switch: 50W @48 VDC
FES Unit (each): 95W @48 VDC
Max number of 2 Mbit/s 48
external ports
Max number of VLR users 3000
Max number of HLR users 3000
Switching matrix ports 4096 (8 kbit/s each couple of TSU ) no blocking ports
Switch programming time < 10 ms
Delay time < 3 ms
External Power connection VDC IN external Power Supply plug
External Signal/Data TSU Interconnection panel:
connections RS232 ports
E1 2 Mbit/s G.703 interfaces
Alarm/control port
GPS pulse sync port
I/F patch panel:
Depending on the specific configuration at the site

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PS Technical data (Contd)

SCN Plus Technical data


Cabinet colour Cabinet: RAL 9002
Shelves: RAL 7032
Cabinet internal size 43 U high
Cabinet external dimensions Height: 2100 mm
Width: 600 mm
Depth: 900 mm
Weight About 280 kg (related to SCN Plus basic fully equipped)
Cooling system Air forced cooling system
ESD immunity ETSI EN 300 386
EMC specifications ETSI EN 300 386
(**)
Environmental conditions Storage: ETS 300 019-1-1, Class 1.2
Transportation: ETS 300 019-1-2, Class 2.2
Operation: ETS 300 019-1-3, Class 3.1
Humidity: ETS 300 019-1-3, Class 3.1

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1.16 SAFETY RECOMMENDATIONS


Carefully read all of the cautions and warnings before using the SCN Plus equipment:

Before using the equipment, read all the instructions contained in the
manual and, with special care, those relative to safety.

Do not use the SCN Plus equipment for uses different than those
indicated in the manual.

For a correct use of the SCN Plus equipment, read what is listed in
this technical handbook.

Protect the equipment from sprinklings of water and/or other liquids


and from dust.
Be careful not to damage the equipment when cleaning the rack.

Carry out the maintenance interventions on the (SCN Plus) following


the instructions given in the technical manual.

Follow all accident prevention standards when carrying out


maintenance interventions on the (SCN Plus) equipment and use the
proper tools (spanners, screwdrivers,......).

Use only original accessories and spare parts, approved by the


manufacturer, suitable for the (SCN Plus).
The use of different accessories and/or spare parts (earphone,
antenna, etc.) makes the safety and electromagnetic compatibility
certifications to be valid no more and it could lower the user safety
level and/or generate electromagnetic fields that exceed the accepted
limits.

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Connect the SCN Plus equipment to the equipment's room ground bar
through dedicated connection and not through physical contacts with
other frames.

Do not use the SCN Plus equipment if it is not appropriately grounded


or if grounding is absent.

Electric shock can cause the interruption of natural breathing.


Immediate action is required to restore breathing. Thus personnel
must be familiarized with the different methods of artificial respiration
and cardiac massage.
In the case of accidents caused by high voltages, urgent medical
assistance is required to treat the possible effects of poisoning in the
body caused by a series of burns.
Medical assistance must be requested in all cases.
It is necessary to make sure that any person who uses or takes care
of the maintenance of a SCN Plus having parts under dangerous
voltages is capable of performing artificial respiration and it is
necessary to instruct personnel on first aid measures in case the
need arises.

The equipment is projected to make sure that fires are not caused and
it has all the necessary electrical protections in order to prevent fires
from happening. In case of fire, however, never use liquid or foam
extinguishers on the equipment. Whenever it is possible, disconnect
the equipment power supply before proceeding.

Install the equipment following the instructions given in the technical


manual. The equipment must be installed in such a way that it
complies with the national regulations in effects.

Position the SCN Plus equipment far from heat sources and in such a
way to guarantee its correct aeration as well as safe accessibility to
the network power supply outlet.

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Disconnect the power supply before carrying out maintenance


interventions on the SCN Plus equipment.

The use of the equipment with open rack doors could generate
electromagnetic emissions exceeding the accepted limits and the
certification obtained could be valid no more.

First and second level of maintenance interventions on the equipment


are to be carried out by authorized technicians only.
Third level of maintenance interventions are to be carried out by
SELEX technicians only.

Selex-Communications S.p.A.
Customer Care & N.O.C.
Via Pieragostini, 80
16151 Genova - Italy

Green Line (nr, Verde) 800 905 048


800 509 590
Direct line: +39 010 614 7159
Fax: +39 010 6093 3194

Web site: www.selexcomms.com


e-mail: customer.care@selex-comms.com

The SCN Plus complies with all product specifications and great care is taken by the
manufacturer so that user safety, as far as the effects of electromagnetic waves on
health are concerned, is guaranteed within the limits established by the international
specifications.

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2. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

This chapter is devoted to a technical description of the SCN Plus equipment and its
parts, thus providing information to understand its HW and SW structure and its
general function.
The initial section introduces the SCN Plus equipment giving an overview of its HW
and SW structure and follows with a more detailed overview of mechanical and
electrical characteristics of the whole equipment. The following sections are devoted
to a detailed description of each sub-rack unit.
This chapter also describes the cabling between sub-rack units, including connector
pin assignments.

2.1 GENERAL ARCHITECTURE


The SCN Plus logical architecture is sketched in the following figure where four
functional layers are identified.

Fig. 2-1: SCN Plus layered architecture

The two higher layers are software layers (Applications and Software Infrastructure
layers), while the two lowest layers of the architecture (Circuit Switching and
Interfaces layers) mainly deal with the SCN Plus firmware and hardware.
The Applications layer: furnishes various services to the end user. An overview of
the applications layer can be found in Application Software of this chapter.
The Software Infrastructure: is responsible for assuring the independence of the
higher software layer from the hardware platform. This ensures a high level of
flexibility and easy maintainability. A detailed description of the software infrastructure
can be found in Application Software of this chapter.

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The Circuit Switching: capability of the SCN Plus equipment resides in the TSU
configured as a Switching and Control Node. A description of this unit and its
functionality can be found in the related section of this chapter.
The Interface: capability is provided by both the TSU and the GWc units, according to
the basic functional diagram shown in section - 1.8, where also the description of the
interfaces is given.

2.1.1 Functional Description


The SCN Plus equipment is the network element where the switching and interfacing
capability of the system is located. It controls a number of BSs and interfaces with
Dispatchers, other SCNs and external networks (ISDN, PSTN, PABX, etc.). It can
therefore be considered as the core part of the TETRA network.
TCP/IP is the network protocol for all signalling and data services (O&M, DB traffic) in
the inter-SCN network. The physical layer is E1 (ITU-T G.703/G.704).
Access signaling is transported point-to-point from BS to SCN Plus and vice-versa by
using LAPD at data link layer.
Network signalling is capable of handling multiple paths with re-configuration in the
event of network failure and is based on TCP/IP over LAPD. The dynamic routing
process is based on OSPF protocol and the co-ordination between the Control Plane
and the User Plane is performed via an ad hoc application that links the routing
process with the Call Control process. A complete list of functions and services
offered by the SCN Plus equipment has been described in Chapter 1 - General
together with its main features and performance.
The PDU distributes the -48 VDC power supply from an external source. Power is
directly distributed to the TSU, the GWc, Disk Enclosure and the Fan Control Unit.
The cooling system is powered via cabling from the Fan Control Unit.
The switching and routing capability of the equipment resides in the TSU (4096 ports,
8 kbit/s each). The TSU provides switching and routing facilities between a number of
cells. Each cell covers a defined area in the TETRA system under the management of
a Site Controller fitted into a BS cabinet. The TSU also provides interfacing towards
TETRA network elements and is directly controlled by the Network Management
System. Monitoring operations (and most configuration operations) are also possible
from a local platform (Local Terminal). An Alarm Logic Unit (ALU) and an alarm panel
provide the processing and display of alarm signals on the front panel of the TSU
SCN.
The main interfacing capability towards the external world is located in the GWc. It
provides interfacing to other TETRA networks and to several networks that are
different from TETRA, such as: PSTN, PABX, ISDN, etc. The unit also provides
interfacing to the NMS and/or SCN Plus LT via LAN/WAN Ethernet. The GWc is
directly connected to the TSU via an E1 interface. A complete list of interfaces
available via a GWc is given in the related section GWc Interface Unit together with
an overall description of the unit itself. The GWc can be also fitted in redundant
configuration.
The O&M processing and Database Engine functions are provided by the
Administrative Server .In the redundant configuration the ASc are equipped with a PCI

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RAID Controller card that controls a Disk Enclosure completing the equipment as for
data storage features. A description of the Disk Enclosure can be found in the related
section of this chapter.
A FES Unit/hub completes the equipment according to LAN connectivity requirements
of the specific project. A detailed description of the FES Unit shelf can be found in
related section.

2.1.2 Synchronization
The SCN Plus equipment maintains a reference clock synchronized with the other
SCN Pluss for correct synchronization of the physical signals and with the NMS for
accurate time stamping.
The clock can be derived from three different sources:
an external synchronization source;
an external 2048 kbit/s link;
locally generated by an internal oscillator.

The SCN Plus is also pre-arranged to use an optional GPS receiver for
synchronization.
The SCN Plus delivers the timing signal to the controlled BSs and WDSs (working in
slave mode) via the SCN Plus/BS direct link.
The required frequency accuracy in the BS (0,2 ppm for frequency 520 MHz, and
0,1 ppm for frequency > 520 MHz) can also be provided locally by a high stability
oscillator. In this way the BS is still able to work correctly when it is disconnected from
the SCN Plus (fall-back mode).
In a BS arranged in a chain configuration the output links are synchronized on the
basis of the input link.
In a BS arranged in a ring configuration the BS can be configured so that each output
link is synchronized on the basis of either the 'East' or 'West' input link.
The BSs managed by an SCN are also pre-arranged to be connected locally with an
external GPS receiver to derive the Absolute Time Reference for the synchronization
of the timebase counters.

2.1.2.1 SCN Time Stamping


The SCN Plus maintains a reference clock synchronized with the NMS for accurate
time stamping.
The time stamping information is maintained in the SCN Plus and updated by means
of an O&M message. It can be used, for example, for Call Log purposes.

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2.2 MECHANICAL ASPECTS

2.2.1 Cabinet
The SCN Plus equipment is housed inside a Scroff 43 H, 19"-wide single standard
industrial cabinet.
External dimensions of the cabinet are:
SCN Plus external dimensions Height: 2100 mm
Width: 600 mm
Depth: 900 mm
Cabinet side panels and base are painted RAL 7035 (Grey). Other parts are painted
RAL 7330.
A mechanical layout of the cabinet is shown in the following figure.
Cable access is provided at the bottom of the cabinet: cables incoming at the bottom
of the cabinet pass through the top of the rear side of the rack.
The cabinet features an ESD-safeguard snap screwed onto the left-hand side of the
cabinet frame. The ESD-safeguard snap is suitable for snap-stacking wrist-strap
connections and can be used as a convenient static-safeguarded precaution when
handling the SCN Plus equipment. All SCN Plus equipment is electrostatic-sensitive
and consequently must be handled in a static-safeguarded working area.

Fig. 2.2: SCN Plus rack mechanical layout

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2.2.2 Shelves Disposition


The organization of the units inside the cabinet for the SCN Plus can change
according to type and number of modules fitted inside.
The following table gives a list of units that can be mounted in the SCN Plus
equipment in the Non-Redunded and Redunded configurations.

Tab. 2.1: SCN Plus composition

Qty
Main Elements Non-Red Red
Extraction FAN array 1 1
Suction FAN array 1 1
FAN Control Unit 1 1
PDU 9 + 9 with Alarm 1HE 1 1
Power Filter Module 1 1
Relays-ADU Unit 1 1
Administrative Server 1 2
Raid Box 0 0 to 1
GWc Unit 0 to 2 0 to 2
KVM Switch Module 1 1
Relays Module 1 1 to 4
TSU Unit 1 to 2 2 to 8
FES Unit 1 2
Power Supply Terminal Board 2 2
Door sensor kit 2 2

The TSU, ASc and GWc shelves are arranged on supporting guides fixed to the rack
structure. The other shelves and panels are directly fixed to the rack with the
associated fixing screws.
If required, an SCN Plus extension cabinet can be added in order to provide a fully
redundancy for SCN Plus. The extension cabinet may be present only for SCN Plus
redunded configuration and, if present, it contains the same modules hosted inside the
main cabinet except of the Raid Box.
The organization of the units inside the cabinet for the SCN Plus in the redundant fully
equipped configuration is shown in the following figure. Other SCN Plus configurations
can be easily obtained from the one represented.

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Fig. 2.3: SCN Plus redunded fully equipped Shelves disposition

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2.3 ELECTRICAL ASPECTS

2.3.1 Power Requirements


The SCN Plus is supplied with a nominal -48 VDC voltage delivered by an external
power supply.
The power requirements are summarized in the following table.

Tab. 2.2: SCN Plus power requirements

Power requirements
Input voltage -48 VDC
Input voltage range 44 to -60 VDC
Max. supply noise 2 mV RMS Telephony weighted,
5 mV RMS Flat above 3 kHz.
Max Power Consumption TSU (each): 250W @48 VDC
ASc (each): 250W @48 VDC
GWc (each): 250W @48 VDC
Relays (each) 15W @48 VDC
Relays ADU 15W @48 VDC
PDU 1W@48 VDC
Fan Control Unit panel: 15W @48 VDC
RAID enclosure 500W @48 VDC
KVM 8 50W @48 VDC
FES Unit (each) 95W @48 VDC

Each load is protected by using a magneto-thermic circuit breaker

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2.3.2 Grounding
The following types of grounds can be identified inside the SCN Plus equipment:
GNDA - the analogue electrical ground from the external power supply source,
GNDM - the mechanical ground from the external power supply source,
GNDMX - the mechanical ground constituted by the rack and its sub-parts such
as doors, side panels, etc.; these sub-parts are connected together via cables to
constitute a unique mechanical ground reference with the ground interconnecting
bus bar (GND bar) fixed to the rack structure at the rear top right of the cabinet.

The SCN Plus is provided of two GND bars that act as general ground reference
inside the cabinet.
All units fitted into the rack are provided with a single-pole cable that connects their
mechanical ground (i.e. their chassis) to the GND bar.
The electrical analogue ground (GNDA) and the mechanical ground (GNDM)
incoming from the cabinet interconnection panel from the external supply source are
connected to the relevant terminals of the PDU VDC IN power supply terminal block
(refer also to related section Power Distribution Unit).
The GNDA is connected via cable to the relevant PDU terminal block. The GNDM is
connected via an interconnecting bus bar to the PDU ground terminal blocks. The
latter is then connected to the GND bar (GNDMX) via the associated cable. In this
way the GNDM (mechanical ground of the external source) and GNDMX (mechanical
ground of the rack) are connected together.
The GND bar, and consequently the rack structure, must be grounded at the
installation phase by connecting the GND bar to the Radio Room Grounding Bar via a
suitable cable.
The external power supply source must be also correctly grounded through the Radio
Room Grounding Bar at the installation phase. In this way, the GND bar (GNDMX)
and the external source mechanical ground (GNDM) are at the same potential as the
external Radio Room Grounding Bar.
Further details about GND cabling are given in section Ground Cable, and in the
SCN Plus Installation Guide.

Under no conditions must any of the above-mentioned GND cables be


removed, disconnected or modified. Poor or defective GND cabling
may affect the safety of the SCN Plus equipment.

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2.3.3 EMC Requirements


The SCN Plus equipment is compliant with the ETSI EN 300 386 standard.

Note
EMC compliance is met only if the equipment is operated with the cabinet front and rear doors CLOSED.

All 2 Mbit/s, or other cables furnished with the SCN Plus rack (i.e. for cabling between
the units constituting the SCN Plus equipment) are already fitted with these
components where required. These components must be fitted during the installation
phase of the 2 Mbit/s and cables used for connection with external network elements
such as BSs, WDSs, etc. The active 2 Mbit/s ports are directly connected to the
external devices without any interconnection equipment. Further reference should be
made to the SCN Plus Installation Guide for details on the subject.
Power supply cables to the TSU and GWc are properly shielded.

2.3.4 ESD Protection


All SCN Plus sub-parts, such as components and boards, are electrostatic sensitive
and consequently must be handled at a static-safeguarded working area.
An electrostatic safeguard area is intended as:
A grounded, electrostatic-dissipating wrist-strap that drains electrostatic charge
from the operator wearing the strap.
A work surface covered with or composed of a grounded, electrostatic-
dissipating material that drains electrical charges from conductive materials
placed on the surface.

Furthermore, in case of temporary storing, warehousing or re-package for shipment,


the parts must be stored in electrostatic-safeguarded packages.
The SCN Plus cabinet is equipped with a standard-size ESD-safeguard snap screwed
onto the cabinet frame, on the left side (front view). It is suitable for snap-stacking
wrist-strap connection. It is labelled as:

This may be used as a convenient static-safeguarded precaution whenever handling


modules and boards.

Note
Please note that SELEX Communications disclaims any responsibility for problems due to poor ESD
protection during installation/maintenance of the equipment.

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2.4 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS

2.4.1 Cooling System


The SCN Plus can operate in an office environment without the need for special
cooling or air conditioning.
The SCN Plus equipment cooling is obtained by forced air-convection.
Each SCN Plus rack is fitted with two Fan Trays located on front door, bottom area,
and rear door, upper area. The TSU, ASc and GWc are equipped with its own
embedded cooling fan system. The Fan Tray is controlled by Fan control unit + ADU
subrack, described in detail in the related section of this chapter.
Furthermore cool air is sucked through the front fan trays (located on the rack door)
and it comes out from the rear fan trays.

Fig. 2.4: Air flow through the Rack

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In particular there are 4 fan trays on the front and rear doors as showed in the
following figure.

Fig. 2.5: SCN Rack rear fan trays

In order to have room enough for the 4 fan trays, the FES Unit and related panels are
placed slightly more inside the cabinet than the other components as shown in Fig.
2.6.

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Fig. 2.6: Fan tray and Switch displacement

Under no circumstances must the front panel cooling air intakes or


the cabinet top outlets be covered or obstructed: poor cooling of the
system equipment can cause permanent damage to the equipment
itself.

Do not install inside the SCN Plus rack any additional equipment that
may produce heat, thus reducing the rated cooling capability. SELEX
Communications disclaims any responsibility for damage due to poor
equipment cooling caused by the violation of these instructions.

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2.4.2 Storage, Transportation and Operation


The SCN Plus is indoor equipment to which the following ETSI standards apply:

Storage ETS 300 019-1-1, Class 1.2


Transportation ETS 300 019-1-2, Class 2.2
Operation ETS 300 019-1-3, Class 3.1

Note
Some SCN Plus configurations may be compliant with different environmental conditions, depending on the
project's specific requirements.

2.4.3 Humidity, Sealing

Humidity ETS 300 019-1-3, Class 3.1

Note
Some SCN Plus configurations may be compliant with different environmental conditions, depending on the
project specific requirements.

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2.5 FAN CONTROL UNIT


The FAN Control Unit is based on a control tray that handles all the cooling fans
located inside the cabinet. The Fans Control Unit provides the following:
Connection facility for cooling fan units located on the front and rear doors of the
cabinet, this including DC supply connection and handling of their alarm signals
at failure occurrence.
Selective switching of the rear of front door cooling fan arrays.

This unit is located at the top of the rack and it is accessible for connections by
opening the front and rear doors.

Fig. 2.7: Fan Control Unit

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2.5.1 Mechanical Description


The Cabinet Fans Control Tray is based on a 1U high, 19 standard chassis. External
dimensions of the front panel are 483 mm (width) x 44 mm (height), external
dimensions of the rear panel are 435 mm (width) x 30 mm (height), the depth of the
tray is 128 mm; these dimensions do not include front and rear panels facilities (N-
types connectors).
The front panel, painted in RAL 9011 black, hosts the connectors for handling of the
front door fans. The rear panel hosts the connectors for handling of the rear door fans
and for power supply input.

2.5.2 Functional Description


The Cabinet Fans Control Tray provides power distribution for the fans located at the
front door and rear side of the cabinet.
It is powered by the Alarm I/O Panel that provides DC power supply distribution and
switching. Cooling fans alarms are handled as well, and routed to Alarm I/O Panel by
means of the same cable used for power supply. Connection with fans takes place by
means of 9-pin D-Type sockets.
The Cabinet Fan Control Tray is provided with two independent Control Boards that
are separately powered and switched. A board provides control of the four fans
mounted of the front doors of the cabinet, whilst the second board provides control of
the four fans mounted of the rear doors. Cooling fans are not temperature-controlled;
fans rotate at the same speed in any temperature conditions. For each Control Board
and their related fans, LED indicator onto front panel indicate presence of supply
(green LED), and failure (red LED). The Front panel is also equipped by two general
ON/OFF switches (one for each Control Board), which cuts off the DC power to the
related board and stops the cooling fans.
Whenever this action takes place an alarm is generated toward the ASc, warning that
fans are switched OFF. The default position of the switch is ON. A GND terminal
point is provided, on rear panel left side. The main sub unit of the Fans Control tray is
the Control Board. This board is similar to the control board installed inside Fan Tray
units. The main difference is due to the absence of a speed-control circuit, for the
controlled cooling fans. The board features a voltage stabilizer that generates a +5
Vdc reference, necessary for the internal logic circuits. The correct operating state of
each fan is monitored in order to provide an alarm signal to the Alarm I/O Panel at

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failure occurrence. Alarm signal is also generated when the front panel power switch
is set OFF, warning operators about this temporary functional interruption.

2.5.3 Cabling
Cabling of the cabinet cooling system is listed in the following table.

Tab. 2.3: FAN Control Unit cabling list

Connector Type of connector Purpose


FAN TOP (front side) D-Type 9 pin female Connection to the cooling fans of the
front door (top-side pair).
FAN BOTTOM (front side) D-Type 9 pin female Connection to the cooling fans of the
front door (bottom-side pair).
FAN AUX1 (rear side) D-Type 9 pin female Not used
FAN AUX2 (rear side) D-Type 9 pin female Not used
FAN TRX1 (rear side) D-Type 9 pin female Not used
FAN TRX2 (rear side) D-Type 9 pin female Not used
FAN TOP (rear side) D-Type 9 pin female Connection to the cooling fans of the
rear door (top-side pair).
FAN BOTTOM (rear side) D-Type 9 pin female Connection to the cooling fans of the
rear door (bottom-side pair).
ALIM A D-Type 9 pin male DC supply and alarm from/to Alarm
I/O Panel for the front-side cooling
fans.
ALIM B D-Type 9 pin male DC supply and alarm from/to Alarm
I/O Panel for the rear-side cooling
fans.
GND Screw terminal Equipment grounding
ALARMS Terminal Board 5 alarms contacts

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2.5.4 Connectors Pin Functions


Here below described connector pin function.

Tab. 2.4: ALIM A, ALIMB pin function

Connector layout

3 power contacts
Pin assignment
Pin Signal Description
1 -48 Vdc Power supply
2 GNDA Electrical analogue ground
3 GNDMX Mechanical GND (GND bar)

Tab. 2.5: FAN TOP, FAN BOTTOM (rear and front side) pin function

Connector layout

D-type 9.pin male


Pin assignment
Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 GND 6 GND
2 NC 7 NC
3 Alarm 8 Alarm
4 -48 Vdc 9 -48 Vdc
5 NC

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Tab. 2.6: ALARMS pin function

Connector layout
C 1 2 3 4 5

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Description
C COMMON Common pole
1 Alarm 1 Normally Closed contact
2 Not used
3 Not used
4 Not used
5 Not used

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2.6 POWER DISTRIBUTION UNIT


The PDU is composed of a 1 U high unit for standard 19 rack.
Moreover the labels indicating the breakers functions are located on the dummy panel
that is located above the PDU module.

The PDU electrical functions can be summarized as follows:


Two independent -48 VDC feeders line. Feeds A and B are rated for 150 amps.
Total combined breaker ratings can not exceed 150 amps per feed.
Easy removable and easy configurable alarm unit
Power alarm release if feeder A or B or both fail
Breaker alarm release if breaker is OFF or TRIPPED.
Each load is protected by medium delay, curve 14 hydraulic-magnetic circuit
breakers.
Breaker rating from 3A to 10A

2.6.1 Mechanical Description


The mechanical data of the PDU is resumed in the following table. And the front and
rear side view is showed in the figure below.

Chassis dimensions Width: 482,6 mm


Height: 44,45 mm (1U)
Depth: 217,4 mm.
Weight 4,5 kg
Cooling Natural convection

Fig. 2-8: PDU front and rear view

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2.6.2 Functional Description

2.6.2.1 Power Supply Inputs


The PDU has on the rear side two separated 48 VDC supply inputs named
V_IN_LINE_A and V_IN_LINE_B.
Tab. 2.7 shows the voltage range of the supply inputs:

Tab. 2.7: PDU input voltage range

Electronic PDU input voltage range


Max input current 150 A
V_IN_LINE_A Min input voltage -36 VDC
Max input voltage -60 VDC
Max input current 150 A
V_IN_LINE_B Min input voltage -36 VDC
Max input voltage -60 VDC

2.6.2.2 Power Supply Input Line Protection


The two power supply input lines are connected by two external bipolar power isolator
breakers each. Each breaker has a nominal current In=150A, C series and a mean
delay.

2.6.2.3 Power Supply Distribution


The V_OUT voltage supplies the following loads:

Tab. 2.8: V_OUT loads assignment

Line A Rating Label Line B Rating Label


1 3 FAN A 1 3 FAN B
2 7,5 TSU 1 2 7,5 TSU 1r
3 7,5 TSU 2 3 7,5 TSU 2r
4 7,5 TSU 3 4 7,5 TSU 3r
5 7,5 TSU 4 5 7,5 TSU 4r
6 3 KVM 6 3 AUX
7 10 GW S 1 7 10 GW S 2
8 10 ADM S1 / RAIDA 8 10 ADM S 1r / RAID B
9 5 FES 1 9 5 FES 2

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2.6.2.4 Delay time switch OFF operation


Each breaker is a medium delay, curve 14 operational breaker.
The following table relates load current Vs tripping time.

Tab. 2.9: Current overload Vs Tripping time

Load Tripping time (sec)


100 % No trip
135 % 3-70
150 % 2-40
200 % 1-15
400 % 0.1-4
600 % 0.008-2
800 % 0.006-0.8
1000 % 0.005-0.35
1200 % 0.005-0.16

2.6.2.5 Alarm Control


The PDU contains an alarm control unit which monitors feeder A and B voltage
presence and ON-OFF breaker status. One optical alarm is released when feeder A
or B or both voltage fail and when any of installed breaker is OFF or tripped.
Unused breaker slot are easy maskrable on alarm control unit

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2.6.3 Connectors
On the rear side of the PDU there can be found the terminal block with screws for the
two input power supply cables (bipolar cables, 6 mm2 in section for each conductor),
the 18 output connectors (bipolar cables, 2.5 mm2 in section for each conductor), the
alarm connectors and the predisposition for a plug for a ground cable.

Input power supply connectors:


The input power supply connectors consist in two terminal blocks.
The power contacts are 150A contacts.

Output load power supply connectors:


The 18 output connectors have the following pinout:
Pin 1: positive input power supply
Pin.2: negative input power supply

Alarm connector:
The connector used for the alarms is a D15 male connector.
The pinout is shown in Tab. 2.10.

Tab. 2.10: Alarm connector pinout

PIN Signal Function Layout


1 Tripper Breaker - C C - common
2 Tripper Breaker - NO NO normally open
3 Tripper Breaker - NC NC normally closed

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2.6.4 Power Supply Terminal Board


Some modules powered by the PDU may be connected to the PDU by passing
through the Power Supply Terminal Boards (see the section Cabling of this handbook
for details) located in the upper internal side of the cabinet. These two Terminal
Boards may be used in order to have electrical redundancy.

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2.7 POWER FILTER MODULE


The Power Filter Module provides the terminal boards to be used to connect the
external Power Supply Lines.

2.7.1 Mechanical Description


The Power Filter Module shelf hosts the two Line-Filters for the input lines and
provides also a panel that may be suitable for interfaces toward the external.
The front side of the module is showed in the following figure.

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The following figure shows the module top view without cover also showing the main
connections.

2.7.2 Technical Data


Alarm/Input supply insulation: 653 Vrms, Alarm/Output supply insulation: 653
Vrms.
Polarity inversion and overtemperature protection.
Operative temperature: -25 C to +55 C (100% output load).
ETSI EN 301 489-18 EMC compliance.
ETS 300 019-1-3 Class 3.1 Environmental Conditions compliance.
CE marking.
CEI EN 60950 safety compliance. 73/23/ECC regulation applied without voltage
limits.

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2.8 TETRA SWITCHING UNIT


The TETRA Switching Unit provides switching and routing facilities between a number
of cells. Each cell covers a defined area in the TETRA system under the management
of a Site Controller (SC) fitted into a Base Station (BS) cabinet.
The TSU Switching and Control Node is remotely configured and monitored from the
Network Management System (NMS). The TSU can be monitored and configured
from the SCN Local Terminal (SCN-LT) as well.

Fig. 2.9: TSU layout

The following sections illustrate some of the main aspects of the TSU.

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2.8.1 Mechanical Description


The TSU is a personal computer with standard I/O devices which includes the SBC
CPU, TDM-SW, and Netbricks cards. It is housed in a 19 wide chassis. The TSU
equipment may be duplicated in order to satisfy a no single failure point proof
configuration.
The TSU mechanical characteristics are listed in the following table.

Chassis dimensions Width: 19


Height: 6HE
Depth: 451
Color front panel Black
Weight max 4,5 kg
Cooling Air forced cooling system

The following figure shows a front and rear view of the unit highlighting the Controls,
indicators and connectors. Details on connectors and pin functions may be found in
relevant section within this chapter, while description and use of controls and
indicators may be found in section - Operation of this handbook.

Fig. 2.10: TSU front and rear view

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2.8.1.1 Sub-units Location


All the units are directly plugged into the TSU back plane slots. E1 cards number is
network dependent.
No single point failure proof is realized by using Active/Stand-by TSU equipment
configuration. This is performed with two TSU units, installed inside the same SCN
Plus cabinet, one used for resilience.

2.8.2 Power Requirements


The TSU is powered via the power supply cable that comes from the PDU.
The unit is switched-on by the relevant breaker (TSU1 or TSU1R breakers) located on
the front panel of the PDU.
The TSU hosts a DC/DC converter (PSU sub-unit) which delivers the voltages (+5 V, -
5 V, +12 V and -12 V) required by the other cards constituting the unit.

Tab. 2.11: TSU power requirements

Power requirements
Input voltage -48 VDC
Input range -44 VDC to -60 VDC
Max. power consumption 250W @ -48 VDC
Protection 10A magneto-thermal circuit breaker

2.8.2.1 Grounding
The TSU chassis features a mechanical grounding terminal on the rear panel. This
must be connected to the ground bar.
Further details on cabling internal and external to the unit can be found in the related
sections of this handbook.

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2.8.3 Functional Description


The TSU unit is composed of three E1 cards, a TDM switch and the SBC card.
A functional block diagram of the TSU unit is shown in the following figure and the
sections below describe the main functions accomplished by the various boards.

Fig. 2.11: TSU functional diagram

2.8.3.1 SBC CPU


The SBC CPU is the core card of the TSU. It provides the processing power to
support all main high-level tasks:
TETRA telephony server
LAPD signaling server
PPP signaling server
IP routing
8kbit switch fabric
Transport network ring manager
Operation & Maintenance (agent)

The SBC cpu also acts as a control and signaling unit. It provides configuration,
management and servicing of the rack.

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2.8.3.2 TDM switch


The TDM switch card hosts the switching matrix and the clock generator. The
switching matrix can handle up to 4096 ports, 8 kbit/s each, supporting up to 2048 full-
duplex connections. Clock timing is generated by an on-board oscillator and
distributed to the whole system. The TDM switch card delivers the 2,048,000 Hz clock
for synchronization of the local clock of the BSs through E1 cards.

The TDM-SW boards main features are listed below:


- Internal development (H.100 Matrix PCI Board 771-1012)
- TDM Subrate-Switching (8000 channels)
- H.100 Bus Interface (4000 channels)
- TDM-Ethernet conversion (4000 channels)
- Clock handling and distribution
- PCI 32 bit bus Interface
- BS Rings Management
- Relays Chassis interface

2.8.3.3 E1 cards
The E1 card interfaces up to four 2 Mbit/s streams. According to E1 card
configuration, it extracts data traffic, signaling and clock from incoming 2Mbit/s link.
Signaling data and recovered clock are routed to internal H.100 bus to TDM switch
card. Outgoing the switching matrix and the clock generator.

The E1 I/O boards main features are listed below:


- 4 E1 interfaces
- TDM Switching (256 64kbit/32kbit channels)
- H.100 Bus Interface (20 lines)

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- 128 HDLC Channel


- Clock handling and distribution
- PCI 32 bit bus Interface
- Interface SW in Linux environment (source code driver)
- LAPD protocol SW (source code protocol)

2.8.4 External Cabling


Cabling external to the TSU unit, i.e. cabling from the TSU to other sub-rack units or
network elements, consists of the following connections:
power supply cable from the TSU breaker of the PDU;
rack ground cable from the ground bar of the rack to the ground terminal of the
TSU chassis;
2 Mbit/s E1 connection from the TSU interconnection panel to the GWc;
serial Alarm/Control connection to Relays
2 Mbit/s connection from the TSU interconnection panel to Relays sub-rack;
+5V power supply towards Relays unit.

Further details on the external cabling can be found in the related section of this
handbook.

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2.8.5 External Connectors


The external connectors are all located onto the rear side of the TSU. See Fig. 2.10
for references.

Connector Description Page


ALIM-1 Power connector from the PDU 84
VOUT Power connector toward Relays unit 72
E1 I/F 2Mbit 120 ohm connector 73
COM Serial Ports 73
LAN - Ethernet LAN connectors 74
VGA Monitor serial connector 74
KEY/B Keyboard Mouse connector 75

ALIM-1

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Description
1 -48 Vdc Negative voltage
2
3
4 GND GND reference

V-OUT

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E1

RJ 45 jack 120 ohm terminated, balanced

Pin assignment
P1 Signal Description
1 RX- Input from external
2 RX+ Input from external
3 GND Ground
4 TX- Output to external
5 TX+ Output to external
6 GND Ground
7 GND Ground
8 GND Ground

RS232 serial ports

Pin Signal Pin Signal


1 5 GND
2 RX 6
3 TX 7 SDA
4 8 SCL

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LAN -Ethernet

RJ45 type jack 120 ohm, balanced

Pin assignment
Pin Signal
1 TX+
2 TX-
3 RX+
4 Not used
5 Not used
6 RX-
7 Not used
8 Not used

VGA

15 pin D-SUB female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal
1 Red
2 Green
3 Blue
12 Video ld 1
13 Horizontal Sync
14 Vertical Sync
15 Video ld 3
5, 8, 10 Ground
4, 9, 11 Not used

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KEY/B

6 pin mini-DIN PS/2 female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Description
1 Data
2 RxD Input from external
3 GND Ground
4 +5V Power Supply
5 CLK
6 TxD Output to external

2.8.6 Technical Data

TSU Technical data


Power Supply -48 VDC
Input Voltage range -44 VDC to -60 VDC
Max. Power Consumption 250W @ -48 VDC (standard configuration)
Switch Capability 2048 Simultaneous Duplex Connections
External Power connection -48 VDC Power supply plug
Mechanical GND point
Mechanical arrangement 6U-high, 19"-wide rack mount

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2.9 ADMINISTRATIVE SERVER


The Administrative Server is the unit that implements the following functionalities:
- HLR Database;
- TETRA O&M Agent;
- GPS Time Reference Clock
- Digital I/O Manager
- TETRA Security management

The following figure shows the AS layout.

Fig. 2.12: AS layout

2.9.1 Mechanical Description


The industrial PC, hosting the Administrative Server, is based on a 6 HE, 19 rack
mountable chassis. Their mechanical characteristics are:

Chassis dimensions Width: 220 mm


Height: 267 mm (6U)
Depth: 451 mm.
Weight 11 kg

The following figures show the front and rear side of the unit with all the additional
cards.

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Fig. 2.13: AS Front side

Fig. 2.14: AS Rear side

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2.9.2 Power Requirements


The AS is powered via the power supply cable that comes from the PDU.
The unit is switched-on by the relevant breaker (ADMS 1 and ADMS2) located on the
front panel of the PDU.
The AS hosts a DC/DC converter (PSU sub-unit) which delivers the voltages (+5 V, -5
V, +12 V and -12 V) required by the other cards constituting the unit.

Tab. 2.12: AS power requirements

Power requirements
Input voltage -48 VDC
Input range -44 VDC to -60 VDC
Max. power consumption 250W @ -48 VDC
Protection 10A magneto-thermal circuit breaker

2.9.2.1 Grounding
The AS chassis features a mechanical grounding terminal on the rear panel. This
must be connected to the ground bar.
Further details on cabling internal and external to the unit can be found in the related
sections of this handbook.

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2.9.3 Functional Description


The Administrative Server fitted into the SCN Plus is able to carry out functions
(described ahead) by adding to it specific resource cards to the basic assembly. The
additional cards that may be fitted into the Administrative Server are listed into the
following table also giving details on its usage:

Additional Card Usage Condition


Dual Port LAN Optional card used for resilience or for out of band
management.
Gigabit Ethernet Optional card used for Network RAID resilience
Encryption Board Optional card used for Authentication or AIE
GPS Time Reference Clock Optional card used when the SCN is a PRS or a Backup
Board PRS
Digital I/O Board always present and used for alarm I/O
management

HLR Database Engine


The Administrative Server maintains the Subscriber DataBase (SDB) providing the
following main functions:
static subscriber management (provisioning);
dynamic subscriber management;
mobile station programming.

This functionality is provided by the SDB Server implemented by single configurable


software application, named SDBS. Presently the SDBS is implemented on a
Microsoft ACCESS Database.

Digital I/O Manager


This functionality is performed by the Digital I/O additional card that allows the Input
and Output of digital ports.

TETRA Security Management


This functionality is performed by the Encryption Board that has the following main
features:
Secure memory storage for encryption keys
Secure memory storage for ETSI encryption algorithms
True random number generation
Random encryption keys generation
Execution of custom encryption algorithm into secure memory
Full PKCS #11 RSA API compatibility.

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TETRA O&M processing


O&M processing allows the logical connection of the SCN with the Network
Management System (NMS) and the Local Terminal (SCN-LT) to carry out operation
and maintenance activities.
O&M has the following main functions:
Configuration Management
Event Management
ADU Management
SNMP Resource Management
Cluster Management
Session Multiplexing
Event Forwarding

O&M processing is carried out using an Oracle database engine.

GPS Time Reference Clock


The Administrative Server carries out this function when equipped with the GPS
Board. In this case it uses (by an antenna connection) a GPS receiver in order to
receive absolute time information from satellites.

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2.9.4 Administrative Server Resilience


The Administrative Server Resilience is applicable to the SCN Plus redundand
Configuration where two ASs are installed inide the SCN Plus cabinet.
The ASc has Active/Standby Resilience with no Single Point of Failure.
The Storage Resilience is obtained using:
Raid BOX Storage Resilience
Or
Network RAID resilience, via the Gigabit Ethernet connection

In both cases, the DualPortLAN and the GigabitEth board are installed in both ASc.

2.9.4.1 Administrative Server Resilience with RaidBox


The following picture shows the ASc resilience with Storage Resilience obtained using
a RaidBox.

Fig. 2.15: ASc Resilience (with RaidBox)

The connection between ASc and RaidBox is a SCSI (Small Computer System
Interface) channel. For this purpose a Host Bus Adapter (HBA) is inserted in the ASc.

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2.9.4.2 AdminServer Resilience without RaidBox


The following picture shows the ASc resilience with Storage Resilience obtained using
Network RAID resilience, via the Gigabit Ethernet connection.

Fig. 2.16: ASc Resilience without RaidBox

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2.9.5 External Connectors


Connectors present in Industrial PC, in basic configuration without additional cards,
are showed in the in the following figure and shown in the table below. The table
gives also indication of page where connector pins function is given.

Fig. 2.17: Connectors on rear side

Tab. 2.13: External Connector Index

AS External Connector Index Page


ALIM 1 VDC INPUT terminal Power connector 84
RS232 serial, COM1 COM2 DB9 serial port 84
RS232 Parallel DB25 Parallel port 85
Ethernet, LAN, LAN 1, LAN2 Ethernet LAN I/F ports 85
VGA port Video Connector 86
Key/B PS/2 mouse port 86
USB Port (on the front side) For USB connection 87
Digital I/O To be connected to Relays ADU 87
GPS Serial Connector GPS connection toward the SCN Plus 88
GPS BNC Connector For GPS pulse 88

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VDC Input Terminal

Pin 4

Pin 1

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Description
1 -48 Vdc Negative voltage
2
3
4 GND GND reference

RS232 serial ports

9 pin D-type female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal
1 Not used
2 RX data
3 TX data
4 Not used
5 GND
6 Not used
7 Not used
8 Not used
9 Not used

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RS232 Parallel port

25 pin D-type male

Pin assignment
Pin Signal
2 Data TX
3 Data RX
4 RTS, Request to Send
5 CTS, Clear to Send
6 DSR, Data Set Ready
7 GND
8 CD, Carrier Detect
20 DTR, Data Terminal Ready
22 RI, Ring Indicator
Other NOT USED

Ethernet LAN I/F port

RJ45 type jack 120 ohm, balanced

Pin assignment
Pin Signal
1 TX+
2 TX-
3 RX+
4 Not used
5 Not used
6 RX-
7 Not used
8 Not used

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VGA port

15 pin D-SUB female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal
1 Red
2 Green
3 Blue
12 Video ld 1
13 Horizontal Sync
14 Vertical Sync
15 Video ld 3
5, 8, 10 Ground
4, 9, 11 Not used

PS/2 mouse port

6 pin mini-DIN PS/2 female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Description
1 Data
2 RxD Input from external
3 GND Ground
4 +5V Power Supply
5 CLK
6 TxD Output to external

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USB port

USB type A Female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Description
1 +5V Power supply
2 - DATA Data (-)
3 + DATA Data (+)
4 GND GND

Digital I/O connector

Pin 1

SCSI 68 pins female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 Isolated 5V output 24 COM relay 4 47 NO relay 8
2 Digital input 0 25 NO relay 4 48 NC relay 9
3 Digital input 2 26 NC relay 5 49 COM relay 9
4 Digital input 4 27 COM relay 5 50 NO relay 9
5 Digital input 6 28 NO relay 5 51 NC relay 10
Common ground
6 29 NC relay 6 52 COM relay 10
input 8-15
7 Digital input 8 30 COM relay 6 53 NO relay 10
8 Digital input 10 31 NO relay 6 54 NC relay 11
9 Digital input 12 32 NC relay 7 55 COM relay 11
10 Digital input 14 33 COM relay 7 56 NO relay 11
11 NC relay 0 34 NO relay 7 57 NC relay 12
12 COM relay 0 35 Isolated GND 58 COM relay 12
13 NO relay 0 36 Digital input 1 59 NO relay 12
14 NC relay 1 37 Digital input 3 60 NC relay 13
15 COM relay 1 38 Digital input 5 61 COM relay 13
16 NO relay 1 39 Digital input 7 62 NO relay 13
Common ground
17 NC relay 2 40 63 NC relay 14
input 0-7
18 COM relay 2 41 Digital input 9 64 COM relay 14
19 NO relay 2 42 Digital input 11 65 NO relay 14
20 NC relay 3 43 Digital input 13 66 NC relay 15
21 COM relay 3 44 Digital input 15 67 COM relay 15
22 NO relay 3 45 NC relay 8 68 NO relay 15
23 NC relay 4 46 COM relay 8 ---------- -----------------------

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GPS Serial

D-type 9 pin female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal
2 RXB
3 TXB
5 GND
6 ABI_TX_GPS
7 ABI_RX_GPS
8 ABI_PPS_GPS
9 GND

GPS BNC

BNC male
Pin assignment
Pin Signal
1 GPS
2 GND

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2.9.6 Technical Data


Technical Data
Power Supply -48 VDC
Power consumption 250 W @ -48 VDC
Mechanical arrangement 6U-high 19-wide rackmount
Weight 11 kg
Operating Environmental Specifications
Temperature range 0C to 50C
Relative humidity 5% to 95% noncondensing
Operating altitude 2,000 m maximum*
Vibration 5 Hz to 10 Hz: 0.020 in
10 Hz to 500 Hz: to 10 Hz 0.1 G peak
Shock 10 G, 3 axis
Nonoperating Environmental Specifications
Temperature range -40C to 65C
Storage (shipping) altitude 12,200 m
Relative humidity 5% to 95%
* The maximum operating temperature must be derated by 1.8C per 1000 m above sea level.

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2.10 GWC SERVER


The GWc server is an optional unit that (if present) provides SCN Plus with interfacing
capability to external networks, including interfaces towards PABX, PSTN GW
platforms and LAN connectivity.
The GWc hardware architecture is based on an industry standard personal computer
(the same used for the Administrative Server). The software platform is based on the
MS-Windows NT operating system. This architecture allows an easy integration of
standard telephonic interface cards. The GWc applications are constituted by a set of
integrated co-operative software packages. Inter-software packages
communication/co-operation take place through defined API.
The GWc can be remotely monitored from the SCN Local Terminal.
Inside the SCN Plus rack, one or two GWc can be mounted according to SCN Plus
configuration (refer to section - 1.14).

Fig. 2.18: GWc layout

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2.10.1 Mechanical Description


The GWc hardware configuration changes according to the type and number of
interfaces required by the specific site. The specific, final hardware configuration is
achieved by adding the required I/F cards to the GWc basic configuration.
The GWc basic assembly comprehends the following items:
Industrial rack-mount PC
Motherboard (SBC)

The additional I/F cards are installed in quantity and type according to the GWc
configuration and the specific connectivity requirements at the site. The I/F cards used
to provides the GWc with interfacing capability are described ahead, in section -
2.10.4.
The industrial PC, hosting the GWc (the same used for AS), is based on a 6 HE,
19 rack mountable chassis. Their mechanical characteristics are:

Chassis dimensions Width: 220 mm


Height: 267 mm (6U)
Depth: 451 mm.
Weight 11 kg

Here below the figure shows the TIU with the I/F cards that are always present. The
following figures show the front and rear side of the unit in its basic configuration.

Fig. 2.19: GWc Front side

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Fig. 2.20: GWc Rear side

2.10.2 Power Requirements


The GWc is powered via the power supply cable that comes from the PDU.
The unit is switched-on by the relevant breaker (GWS1 and GWS2) located on the
front panel of the PDU.
The GWc hosts a DC/DC converter (PSU sub-unit) which delivers the voltages (+5 V,
-5 V, +12 V and -12 V) required by the other cards constituting the unit.

Tab. 2.14: GWc power requirements

Power requirements
Input voltage -48 VDC
Input range -44 VDC to -60 VDC
Max. power consumption 250W @ -48 VDC
Protection 10A magneto-thermal circuit breaker

2.10.2.1 Grounding
The GWc chassis features a mechanical grounding terminal on the rear panel. This
must be connected to the ground bar.
Further details on cabling internal and external to the unit can be found in the related
sections of this handbook.

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2.10.3 Functional Description


The GWc fitted into the SCN Plus carries out the Gateway functionality.
Telephone Gateway functionality provides interfacing capability to the TETRA system
with external networks. It includes interfaces towards analog networks such as
Conventional Systems and PABX, and digital networks like ISDN PRI. It is possible to
perform individual half-duplex calls, individual full-duplex calls and unacknowledged
group calls.
Gateway functionality is implemented by a single configurable software application,
called GWLD. This same application is also used to implement dispatcher
management functionality.
The following figure shows a simplified GWc block diagram that explains the main
functional blocks and their connections towards the equipment.

Fig. 2-21: GWc block diagram

The Industrial PC comprises a Power Supply Unit (TPSU), a Gateway Processing Unit
(SBC CPU) and a Memory Device Unit (MDU).
The TPSU is a -48 VDC-DC converter that, by using the external -48V power supply,
delivers the voltages required by the cards hosted in the GWc sub-rack.

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The GPU is based upon a Pentium-class processor. It provides integrated controller


devices and runs the Windows NT operating system. This board is equipped with:
512 MB RAM
HDD and FDD ports
Two serial ports
Keyboard and mouse ports
VGA port

The GPU associated interfaces occupies two slots on the rear side of the unit.
The MDU consists of a 80GB hard disk where the operating system and the
application software are stored.

2.10.4 GWc Configurations


The final configuration of the GWc is achieved by adding other specific resource and
I/F cards to the basic assembly, according to the specific connectivity requirements of
the project. The additional cards that can be fitted into the GWc of the SCN Plus are
detailed below.

The PCI-EIU I/F card offers an additional possibility to interface the GWc and the
WDS with the TSU. The PCI-EIU card is a combination of an EIU unit
and an PCI card. The PCI card provides the interface with the PCI bus
and allows control of one 64 kbit/s-type EIU unit., two DSP units for voice
processing3 and one H.100 interface.

The VP card is a TETRA specific codec card for coding/decoding the voice
information exchanged between the TETRA network and the PSTN,
PABX and local dispatching stations. The VP Card translates outgoing
64 kbit/s PCM time slots, originated from PABX, PSTN and dispatching
audio interface into 8 kbit/s TETRA coded time slots and vice-versa. Also
it is used together with the 4W E&M card to create and receive DTMF
tones (tone signaling).

The PCI 4-Wire E&M card is a H.100 bus board which provides GWc TETRA
interfacing with analogue devices requiring E&M signaling (analogue
conventional system).

The D600 ISDN-PRI Card provides E1 ISDN Primary Rate Interface (2.048 Mbit/s)
service termination and call processing for up to 60 voice channels in a
single PC slot. The multiprocessor architecture comprising DSPs (Digital
Signal Processors) and general-purpose microprocessors handles all
telephony signalling and performs all DTMF, MF, and audio/voice signal
processing tasks

3
The PCI-EIU card used in VoIP configuration does not have the embedded DSP.

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The PCI Dual LAN card interfaces the TIU with the internal LAN. It performs an
Ethernet double interface.

The number of cards fitted in the GWc can vary according to the specific connectivity
requirements of the site. The part numbers of these cards are detailed in the related
table - Tab. 1.3 and associated part numbers. The following table lists the GWc
allowed configurations also giving cards location inside the Industrial PC slots.

Slot

GW Type 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
1 GWc 4w Radio I/F (8 ch)

Encryption
Dual LAN

VP Card

VP Card
4WE&M

4WE&M

Parallel
PCIEIU
Serial

SBC
48V

2 GWc Server ISDN-PRI I/F


Dual LAN

Encryptio
VP Card

VP Card

Parallel
PCIEIU
Serial

D600

SBC
n
3 GWc Voip
2E1 Voip

Parallel
Serial

SBC
2.10.4.1 Additional Cards

PCI-EIU Card
The PCI/EIU is a combination of an EIU unit, a PCI card and a H100 / SCSA adapter.
This card allows signaling LAPD protocol handling by EIU 2Mbit. Moreover it
provides the TETRA to PCM voice conversion (by four DSP available on card) and the
Analog to (from) Digital conversion for DS voice handling.
Here below the connectors that are present in the card are described.

RJ45 2Mb pin out Layout


1 GND

2 GND

3 RX+

4 TX+

5 TX-

6 RX-

7 GND

8 GND

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4WE&M
The 4-Wire E&M I/F card is a CTbus-based board that provides the GWc TETRA
interfacing capability with analog devices that require E&M signaling.
E&M ports are often used as a link to peripherals such as radio transmitters and
receivers belonging to analog telecommunications systems to be interfaced with the
TETRA network.
Up to 8 x 4-Wire E&M ports can be supported by this card. This board is also
compatible with a wide range of telephone standards (DC5 I/F, AC15, etc) and can
also be used as a standard telephone 8-port card. Therefore, it is also suitable for
interfacing with other analog devices, such as PABX, etc. All the available 8 ports on
the 4-Wire E&M I/F card can be configured as four-wire or two-wire and for Type I or
Type V signaling via jumper settings (detail on Jumper setting can be found in the
Setting-up & Start-up Guide).
The 4-Wire E&M card features one external connector (Telco, RJ21X) on the front
panel and one internal connector (J2) suitable for external -48V DC power supply.
Telco connector is a 50-pin female RJ21X used for connecting to telephone lines and
peripherals. The RJ21X attaches internally to the eight ports that then transmit audio
and signaling to the CODECs.
The following figure shows connector pin assignment, where:
Whenever E&M configuration for 2-Wire operation is chosen, pins RAOx and TAOx
are not used. RAIx and TAIx provide the audio interface.
For 4-Wire operation, RAOx and TAOx provide audio output from the board and RAIx
and TAIx provide the audio input to the board.

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D600 Card
This Voice Resource DSP card is a CTbus board that provides ISDN Primary Rate
Interface (PRI) capability, based on 2 Mbit/s G.703 standard electrical interface.
The model used inside the GWc is a card produced by Dialogic Corporation (model
D/600JCT). This card is ideal for voice processing applications that require ISDN
Primary Rate service termination plus 60 E1 voice ports in a single PC slot. Dual
processor architecture comprised of digital signal processors (DSP) and of general-
purpose microprocessors handles all telephony signaling and performs all DTMF
(touch-tone) and audio/voice signal processing tasks.
Onboard DSP provide variable voice encoding at bit rates of 24 and 32 kbit/s for
Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation (ADPCM) and bit rates of 48 and 64
kbit/s -law or A-law for Pulse Code Modulation (PCM). Sampling rates and coding
methods are selectable on a channel-by-channel basis. Applications may dynamically
switch sampling rate and coding method to optimize data storage or voice quality as
the need arises.
Here below the connectors that are present in the card are described.
J1 Signal Layout
1 RX-
2 RX+
3 GND
4 TX-
5 TX+
6 GND
7 GND
8 GND

VP Card
The VP (Voice Processing) card is an CTbus TETRA specific vocoder card for coding
and decoding of voice information exchanged among the TETRA network and all the
GWc-connected networks (PSTN, PABX, etc).
VP card translates incoming 64 kbit/sec PCM timeslot (originated by I/F boards) led by
CTbus in 8 kbit/sec TETRA coded timeslot, and vice-versa.

Encryption Card
The CSA-7000 is an intelligent adapter capable of providing a wide range of
cryptographic services for IBM compatible Personal Computers using a PCI bus
(CSA-7000). As an order time option, it may also contain circuitry specifically designed
for exponentiation processing to speed up asymmetric cipher operations for up to
2048-bit modulus arithmetic.
RS232 ports with pinouts. The ports can be used for connection to smart card readers
or other serial devices.

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2 E1 VoIP board (TE205P)


The 2 E1 VoIP card receives the ISDN-PRI output from the D600 card installed inside
the GWc PRI and allows the signalling translation between E1 and T1 lines.
The TE205P card improves performance and scalability
through bus mastering architecture. The TE205P
supports both E1 and T1 environments and it is
selectable on a per-card or per-port basis. This feature
enables signalling translation between E1 and T1
equipment and allows inexpensive T1 channel banks to
connect with E1 circuits. Because the TE205P improves
I/O speed over slave-only architecture, the result is
reduced CPU usage and increased card density per
server.
The TE205P supports industry standard telephony and
data protocols, including traditional PBX, the VoIP
Gateways capability, the Primary Rate ISDN (both N.
American and Standard Euro) protocol families for voice,
PPP, Cisco, HDLC, and Frame Relay data modes.

Connectors Pin function


Pin Signal
1 RX-
2 RX+
4 TX-
RJ45 type jack 120 ohm, balanced
5 TX+

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2.10.4.2 GWc 4w Radio I/F (8 ch)


The GWc when implements the GW 4w Radio I/F (8 ch) is composed by an
Industrial Chassis with IDE Hard Disk (40 GByte), PSU, FAN, Backplane; it contains
the following boards.
DualPort LAN For resilience connectivity
PCI-EIU (no DSP)
VpCard-PCI (1 DSP-PMC with 6 DSP and Secure Memory)
4WE&M board

A block diagram describing the configuration is given in the following figure.

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2.10.4.3 GWc Server ISDN-PRI I/F


The GWc when implements the ISDN-PRI 2 E1 (60 ch) is composed by an Industrial
Chassis with IDE Hard Disk (40 GByte), PSU, FAN, Backplane; it contains the
following boards.
DualPort LAN For resilience connectivity
PCI-EIU (no DSP)
D600-JCT Card
2 VpCards-PCI (1 DSP-PMC with 6 DSP and Secure Memory)

A block diagram describing the configuration is given in the following figure.

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2.10.4.4 GWc Voip


The GWc-VoIP is able to provide the following main features:
The interface to VoIP Dispatcher
Voip GW to VoIP Network

The following picture shows a logical view of the SCN Plus that includes a GW PRI
connected to the VoIP GW.

The Eth0 of the GWc-VoIP is connected to the FES; Eth1 of the GWc-VoIP is
available for external connectivity.
VoIP Phone and VoIP Dispatcher can be connected to the GWc or to FES.
The GW-VOIP provides the following main features:
Call types: Sip, H.323, IAX2 standard
Note
Number of Voip Calls to from TETRA 30 Clear or Encrypted calls
Number of Voip Dispatcher 8 Each Voip Dispatcher can make:
16 audio calls
32 shared circuit data calls
Clear or encrypted calls

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2.10.5 External Connectors


Here below details about main external connectors of the GWc are given. These
comprise the connectors housed on the motherboard bracket and those directly fixed
to the GWc chassis. The Industrial PC is the same of the Administrative Server and
the connectors pin-out is given in relevant tables in the section devoted to
Administrative Server description.

Fig. 2.22: Connectors on rear side

Tab. 2.15: External Connector Index

GWc External Connector Index Page


ALIM 1 VDC INPUT terminal Power connector 84
COM1 COM2 DB9 serial port 84
LAN, LAN 1, LAN2 Ethernet LAN I/F ports 85
VGA port Video Connector 86
Key/B PS/2 mouse port 86
USB Port (on the front side) For USB connection 87

The Pin-out of Additional Interfaces are detailed is relevant section - 2.10.4.1

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2.10.6 Technical data


GWc Technical data
Form factor 19" Rack chassis with beige front panel
Chassis dimensions Height: 267 mm
Width: 220 mm
Depth: 451 mm
Weight 15 kg (typical configuration)
Construction Plastic front bezel
Cooling Two dual speed fans
Removable, washable air filter
One power supply fan
Controls and Indicators Front: System power LED
Disk activity LED
Power on/off switch
Reset button
Rear: LAN I/F port
Keyboard port
Mouse port
VGA port
Two 9-pin D-Sub serial connectors
Operating Temperature 0 to 50 C
environmental conditions Humidity 5% to 95%, non-condensing
Shock 5 G @ 10 ms duration
Vibration 1.5 G @ 5Hz-150Hz
Altitude 0-15,000 ft
Non operating environmental Temperature -40 to 70C
conditions Humidity 5% to 95%, non-condensing
Shock 25 G @ 10 ms duration
Vibration 5 G @ 5Hz-150Hz
Altitude 0-50,000 ft
Power Supply -48 VDC
VDC Supply range -36 VDC to -72 VDC
Power Consumption 300 W @ -48 VDC

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2.11 DISK ENCLOSURE


The Disk Enclosure is an optional Add-On. If present the one used is the SANnet II
SCSI, compact, rugged, high performance, 12-drive RAID storage system. It is used
to supply data storage redundancy for Subscriber databases and O&M data.

Fig. 2-23: Disk Enclosure

With two Ultra160 SCSI host connections, SANnet II provides sustained data transfer
rates up to 210MB per second and up to 40,000 I/Os per second. This speed,
combined with the load-balancing capabilities of Dot Hill's SANpath software, delivers
unmatched performance and data availability.
The unit provides:
Two redundant hot-swappable power supplies (-48 VDC), each with dual fans
Internal SCSI bus, Three 38 GB LVD Seagate disks in a hot swap removable
sled, 10.000 rpm.

The storage system works directly with the server operating system. The software
included with the operating systems works directly with the disk enclosure hardware to
support RAID levels 0, 1, 0+1, and 5.
LEDs give information about power presence, fan failure, temperature status
(alarm).and disk failure. Even the LEDs do not have any cables (light pipes).
Further details on the Disk Enclosure can be found in the associated technical
documentation.

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2.11.1 Mechanical Description


The Disk Enclosure is fitted in a 2U-high, 19" rack-mountable chassis.
The chassis is housed in under the GWc units inside the SCN cabinet.
Its mechanical data are:

Disk Enclosure mechanical description


Dimensions Width: 483 mm
Height: 2 U (88.8 mm)
Depth: 432 mm
Weight 22.7 kg

2.11.2 Power Requirements


The Disk Enclosure features dual -48 VDC power inputs for primary and secondary
power inputs. The unit is powered via the associated power supply cables delivering -
48 VDC from the PDU.
The unit is switched on via the relevant ADMS 1 and ADMS 1R breakers located on
the front panel of the PDU.
The Disk Enclosure features two redundant hot-swappable 420-W power supplies.
Protection is provided by the relevant 10A-magneto-thermal circuit breaker and an
internal fuse.

Tab. 2.16: Disk Enclosure power requirements

Power requirements
Input voltage -48VDC (dual inputs)
Maximum power consumption 420 W @ -48VDC (three 18-GB disks fitted)
Protection 10 A magneto-thermal circuit breaker

2.11.2.1 Grounding
The chassis is grounded via the associated ground cable.
Ground connection of the Disk Enclosure is shown in the related table in section -
Inter-unit cabling of this handbook.

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2.11.3 Functional Description


The Disk Enclosure Unit is a RAID station used to supply data storage redundancy for
Subscriber databases and O&M data. It is managed by the RAID Controllers4 housed
inside the primary GWc (Primary Domain Controller, PDC) and the stand-by GWc
(Back-up Domain Controller, BDC).
The unit features three 36-GB disk drives. These must be installed in the drive bays
indicated in the following figure so that the RAID controllers can manage them
correctly.
The configuration used for the disks is RAID 1 + HSP: this means that there are two
disks (ID0 and ID1) in mirror configuration (i.e. they are the exact copy each of the
other). The third disk (ID2) is in Hot Spare (HSP) configuration: if one of the two RAID
1 disks is faulty or is extracted, an automatic mirroring process starts on the hot spare
disk.
The following figure shows the RAID Disk composition.
All critical components are hot-swappable, redundant and field-replaceable modules
to allow upgrades and servicing to occur to the system without interrupting network
activity.

Fig. 2-24: Disk Enclosure: composition

4
When the Raid Box is used for data storage, also the related RAID Controlled Boards must be installed inside the GWc
modules.

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The following figure shows also how to connect the main GWc (PDC: Primary Domain
Controller) and the stand-by GXc (BPDC: Back-up Domain Controller) units to the rear
of the disk enclosure.

All critical components are hot-swappable, redunded and field-replaceable modules to


allow upgrades and servicing to occur to the system without interrupting network
activity.

2.11.4 Cabling
The Disk Enclosure external cabling consists of the following:
power supply cable from the RAID A breaker and RAID B breacker of the PDU to
the Disk Enclosure input power terminal;
ground cable from the ground bar of the SCN cabinet to the ground terminal of
the Disk Enclosure chassis;
connection to the PCI RAID Controller of the Primary GWc (Primary Domain
Controller, PDC);
connection to the PCI RAID Controller of the Stand-by GWc (Back-up Domain
Controller, BDC).

The SCSI cable termination is provided throughout a base enclosure. This boar is hot-
serviceable but is not hot-swappable, so replacing one will require planning downtime.

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2.11.5 External Connectors


The following figure shows the Disk Enclosure rear panel and associated connectors.

Fig. 2.25: Disk Enclosure rear view

These are:
Two 3-pin TELCO power connectors
Two RS232 COM connectors
Two RJ45 LAN connectors
Six High density 68-pin Wide-SCSI connectors
Two Grounding lugs

48Vdc TELCO port

48Vdc port

Pin 1

Pin assignment
Pin Signal
1 RET
2 GND
3 -48V

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DB9 RS232 serial port

RS232 serial ports

9 pin D-type female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Pin Pin
1 DCR Data Carrier Detected 6 DSR Data Set Ready
2 RX Receive Data 7 RTS Request to Send
3 TX Transmitt Data 8 CTS Clear ti Send
4 DTR - Data Terminal Ready 9 RI Ring Indicator
5 GND -

Ethernet LAN I/F port

Ethernet LAN I/F port

RJ45 type jack 120 ohm, balanced

Pin assignment
Pin Signal
1 TX+
2 TX-
3 RX+
4 Not used
5 Not used
6 RX-
7 Not used
8 Not used

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DB68 SCSI ports

SCSI port

68 pin D-type female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 +DB12 25 +RST 49 GND
2 +DB13 26 +MSG 50 GND
3 +DB14 27 +SEL 51 TPWR
4 +DB15 28 +C/D 52 TPWR
5 +DBP1 29 +REQ 53 RSVD
6 +DB0 30 +I/O 54 GND
7 +DB1 31 +DB8 55 -ATN
8 +DB2 32 +DB9 56 GND
9 +DB3 33 +DB10 57 -BSY
10 +DB4 34 +DB11 58 -ACK
11 +DB5 35 -DB12 59 -RST
12 +DB6 36 -DB13 60 -MSG
13 +DB7 37 -DB14 61 -SEL
14 +P_CRCA 38 -DB15 62 -C/D
15 GND 39 -DBP1 63 -REQ
16 DIFFSENSE 40 -DB0 64 -I/O
17 TPWR 41 -DB1 65 -DB8
18 TPWR 42 -DB2 66 -DB9
19 RSVD 43 -DB3 67 -DB10
20 GND 44 -DB4 68 -DB11
21 +ATN 45 -DB5 -
22 GND 46 -DB6 -
23 +BSY 47 -DB7 -
24 +ACK 48 -P_CRCA -

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2.11.6 Technical data


Disk Enclosure technical data
Power Supply -48VDC
Power consumption 332 W @ -48VDC (three disks fitted)
Storage Capacity 36 GB
Hard Drive Unit 3
Rotational Rate 10,000 rpm
LEDs Status LEDs
Power Supply (P.S.)
Event
Fan
Temperature
Disk LEDs
Activity
Power
Mechanical arrangement 2U-high, 19"-wide rack-mount
Weight 22,7 kg

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2.12 FAST ETHERNET SWITCH UNIT


The FES Unit, optionally duplicated, is parts of the internal LAN system of the SCN
cabinet and provide suitable LAN connectivity to the equipment.
The Internal LAN system handles data traffic and signaling among different
processing units. The core of the internal LAN is the FES Unit, in dual configuration,
where are connected all the IEEE 802.3 and IEEE 802.3u (Fast Ethernet) interfaces.
The type of FES Units fitted inside the SCN Plus cabinet fast Ethernet switch with 24
10/100 fast Ethernet ports.
In duplicated configuration, a 4x100Mb TRUNK link connects LAN1 and LAN2
equipment.
The FES Unit includes the LAN switch equipment and additional parts: power supply
cable, pass-through dummy panel for cables and mounting mechanical details.
In the following paragraphs a brief description of the unit and its main characteristics is
given. Further reference should be made to the specific technical documentation
provided with the unit.

2.12.1 Mechanical Description


The FES Unit is fitted in a 1HE-high, 19" rack-mountable chassis.
The chassis is housed under the router inside the SCN Plus cabinet.
The FES Unit mechanical data are:

Dimensions Width: 440 mm


Height: 1 U (660 mm)
Depth: 356 mm
Weight 5.5 kg

As shown in the following figure the unit has the following major front panel
components:
24 Ethernet 10/100Base-TX RJ45 ports
RS232 (9 pin D-type) connector
System and port status LEDs

The FES Unit is delivered already assembled into the SCN cabinet.

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Fig. 2-26: FES Unit front layout

Fig. 2-27: FES Unit rear layout

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2.12.2 Power Requirements


The FES Unit is powered via the relevant power supply cable delivering -48 VDC from
the PDU.
The unit is switched on via the relevant breaker located on the front panel of the PDU:
HUB1 breaker powers the upper FES Unit by means of the input power supply
line A.
HUB2 breaker powers the lower FES Unit by means of the input power supply
line B.

Input voltage range is -36 to -60 VDC @ 4 A.


Protection is provided by the relevant 5 A-thermal-magnetic circuit breaker and an
internal fuse.

Tab. 2.17: FES Unit power requirements

Power requirements
Input voltage -48 VDC
Input voltage range -36 VDC to -60 VDC @ 4 A
Power consumption 63 W (max.)
Protection 5 A thermal-magnetic circuit breaker and internal fuse

2.12.2.1 Grounding
The chassis is grounded via the ground terminal of the power supply cable.

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2.12.3 Functional Description


The FES Unit has the following main features:
24 10/100BaseTX ports (Forwarding and Filtering Rate 14,880 packets per
second for 10Mbps ports, 148,800 packets per second for 100Mbps ports);
configurable TRUNK link
-48 VDC power feed;
dimensions: 4,4 cm x 43.86 cm x 22.2 cm;
mounting 19" rack-mountable;
non-blocking;
static address support;
SNMP management;
Support of Out-of-band management console on a dedicated port.

2.12.4 External Connectors

RJ45 port

LAN port

RJ-45 type jack 120 ohm, balanced

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 RX+ 5 Not used
2 RX- 6 TX-
3 TX+ 7 not used
4 Not used 8 not used

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DC INPUT

Vin Line 1, Vin Line 2

3 power contact D-type male

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Description
+ GNDA Electrical analogue ground
GND GNDMX Mechanical GND (GND bar)
- -48 Vdc power supply

2.12.5 Technical Data


FES Unit technical data
Power Supply -48 VDC
Input Voltage range -36 VDC to -60 VDC
Input current 4A
Forwarding and Filtering Rate 10Mbps ports: 14,880 packets per second
100Mbps ports: 148,800 packets per second
Memory 24 MB ( 6Mb buffer + 18 Mb system)
MAC addresses Up to 4,000
Switching mode Store-and-Forward
External Ports 24 x 10/100Base-TX RJ45 ports
9-pin D-type RS232C serial console port
LED indicators Power ON: green
Redundant power: green
Fault: red
Port Link / Activity: green/ amber
Port Duplex/ collision: green/ amber
Mechanical arrangement 1U-high, 19"-wide rack-mount
Weight 3.5 kg
Environmental conditions Non-operating -25C to 70C
Operation 0C to 40C
Relative humidity 95% max., non-condensing

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2.13 KVM UNIT


Short for Keyboard, Video, Mouse switch, is an hardware device that enables a single
keyboard, video monitor and mouse to control more than one computer at a time.
KVM unit is designed for easy controlling and monitoring up to 8 servers/platform.
Supported features are:
Auto scan mode for monitoring personal computer and programmable 5-99 sec
flexible scan functions are available.
Hot-pluggable/removable servers/platform interfaces without power down KVM
unit.
Server/platform selection by using individual button, hot keys or on-screen
display function
Cascade configuration is allowed. Up to 8 KVM in cascade are supported
17 TFT LCD monitor display, 1280 x 1024 VGA max resolution
105 keys, full size keyboard with trackball

By using panel button controls you are allowed to:


power on-off KVM unit,
activate on screen display menu
adjust controls
select display

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2.13.1 Mechanical Description


The KVM unit is a 1U high, 19" rack-standard chassis.
The KVM Unit dimensions are:

Chassis dimensions Width: 19" (482.6 mm)


Height: 2U (88.90 mm)
Depth: 440 mm.

A mechanical layout of the KVM unit is shown in the following figure.

Fig. 2-28: KVM Unit

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2.13.2 Power Requirements


The KMV unit is powered by -48 VDC via the associated power supply cable incoming
from the PDU and plugged into the relevant V IN Line 1 connector of the KVM panel.
Power supply feeding can be redundant if the V IN Line 2 connector is also used.
Power requirements are summarized in the table below.
The electronic circuitry is supplied with +12 VDC.
Protection is provided in accordance with EN 60950 standard.

Tab. 2.18: KVM Unit power requirements

Power requirements
Input voltage -48 VDC
12 VDC stabilized, fuse-protected
Input voltage range -44VDC to -60VDC
Power consumption 50W with display on
Line protection EN 60950

2.13.2.1 Grounding
The KVM unit features a grounding terminal on the left of the front panel. This must be
connected to the ground interconnecting bus-bar fixed to the rack structure of the
cabinet via the relevant ground cable.
Further details on external cabling can be found in the related section of this
handbook.

2.13.3 Functional Description


KVM unit is a keyboard, video, mouse matrix switch which can manages up to 8
different computers. According to user configuration local video, keyboard and mouse
are connected to remote computer.
Remote computer can be selected via individual switch, hot key or using on screen
display control.
KVM support cascade configuration. Up to 8 KVM devices can be configured in
cascade mode.
Maximum allowed video input resolution is 1024*768 facility to devices external to the
TSU.
The unit contains a single board hosting all interface connectors,. The unit is
connected to the TSU-ePS, GWc and ASc by means of a 15-pin HDB connector.
External alarms are connected by means of "strip-wire" terminal blocks that allow fast
and reliable connections.
A block diagram is given in the following figure.

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Fig. 2-29: KVM block diagram

2.13.4 External Connectors


Fig. 2-30 shows the KVM back panel and the connectors location.

Fig. 2-30: KVM back panel

KVM ports

KMV

15-pins HD type female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 RED 9
2 GREEN 10 Not used
3 BLUE 11 Not used
4 N.C. 12 Actuator 1 IN
5 Ground 13 Actuator 2 IN
6 Ground RED 14 GNDM
7 Ground GREEN 15
8 Ground BLUE

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V IN Line connector

Vin Line

Pin assignment
Pin Signal
1 GNDM
2 -48Vdc

MOUSE port

Mouse port

6 pin mini-DIN PS/2 female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal
1 Mouse Data
2 N.C.
3 Ground
4 Mouse Power Supply
5 Mouse Clock
6 N.C.

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KEYBOARD port

Mouse port

6 pin mini-DIN PS/2 female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal
1 Keyboard Data
2 N.C.
3 Ground
4 Keyboard Power Supply (+ 5 Vcc)
5 Keyboard Clock
6 N.C.

CASCADE port

Video

15-pins HD type female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 RED 9
2 GREEN 10 Not used
3 BLUE 11 Not used
4 N.C. 12 Actuator 1 IN
5 Ground 13 Actuator 2 IN
6 Ground RED 14 GNDM
7 Ground GREEN 15
8 Ground BLUE

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2.13.5 Technical Data

KVM Technical data


Ports 8 ports, 15 pin HDB type keyboard, mouse, monitor all-in-
one

Display type 17 TFT LCD active matrix color


Resolution 1280 x 1024
Contrast ratio 300:1 typical
Brightness 250 cd/m2
View angle 130 (horizontal) 110 (vertical)
Pixel pitch 0.297 mm (H) * 0.297 mm (V)
Panel color 16.7 millions
Operating temperature 0 C to +50 C
Storage temperature -25 C to +60 C
Input voltage -48VDC
Supply range -44 to -60 VDC
Power consumption 50 W
Mechanical arrangement 84TE/2HE for 19" rack-standard fitting
Dimensions (mm) 482.6 (w) x 88.9 (h) x 440 (d)
Weight 13 Kg

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2.14 RELAYS UNIT


The Relays unit has been mainly designed to switch external E1 traffic links to active
TSU server. In additional, E1 independent, SCN LAN switch criteria and 8 MHz clock
distribution functions are supported.
Main features are the following:
Interfacing of up to 12 external E1 link.
SCN by-pass, switch to A and switch to B E1 link routing configuration.
Internal or external E1 link loop-back available for test purpose.
E1 line protection by means of surge protection device.
Interfacing of up to 2 100baseT LAN link
Switch to A or switch to B LAN routing configuration.
Interfacing/management of up to 4 8MHz clock signal.
RS-232 control ports for remote management.

2.14.1 Mechanical Description


The Relays unit is arranged inside a 1U high, 19" rack-standard chassis.
The external Relays Unit dimensions are:

Chassis dimensions Width: 19" (482.6 mm)


Height: 1U (44.45 mm)
Depth: 450 mm.
These dimensions do not include front panel facilities (e.g.: GND terminal screw).

A mechanical layout of the Relays unit is shown in the following figure.

Fig. 2-31: Relays Unit layout

The front panel, painted in black RAL 9011, hosts optical indication relating Relay
control board A and B and SPD (Surge Protection Device) unit protecting lines 1 to 12
Physical interfaces for lines, LAN and 8MHz clock are available on back-panel.

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2.14.2 Power Requirements


The Relays unit is powered by +5 VDC via the associated power supply cable
incoming from the TSU server power supply.
Two power line are received:
one from TSU A, powering Relays unit A,
one from TSU B, powering Relays unit B.

Protection is provided in accordance with EN 60950 standard.

Tab. 2.19: Relays Unit power requirements

Power requirements
Input voltage +5VDC
Input voltage range +4.5VDC to +5.5VDC
Power consumption <7.5 W
Line protection EN 60950

2.14.2.1 Grounding
The Relays unit features a grounding terminal on the left of the front panel. For safety,
this point must be connected to the ground through bus-bar fixed to the rack structure
of the cabinet via the relevant ground cable.
Further details on external cabling can be found in the related section of this
handbook.

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2.14.3 Functional Description


The Relays unit has been mainly designed to switch 12 external E1 traffic links to
active TSU server.
A block diagram is given in the following figure.

We can identify two main blocks:


Control Boards
Surge protection device boards (SPB)

Control board
In power off condition, external E1 lines are connected in by-pass configuration. E1
lines connection in by-pass configuration is pre-settable by hardware settings.
According to TSU command, E1 links are routed to TSU_A or TSU_B.
An example is given in following figure.

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Fig. 2-32: E1 links switching function

TSU server controls also E1 link internal or external loop-back for test purpose.
Available loop-back are displayed in the following figure.

Fig. 2-33: E1 loop-back

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E1 link TSU server connection status is monitored on Control board by means of


front panel leds.

Tab. 2.20: Relays configuration

Yellow led Green led Meaning


OFF OFF E1-TSU not connected
OFF ON E1-TSU connected
ON OFF Internal LOOP
ON ON External LOOP

Two additional optical indications are available for Control board status check as listed
in the following table.

Tab. 2.21: Control board status indication

Yellow led Green led Meaning


OFF Control board STAND-BY
BLINKING RS-232 activity
ON Status OK
BLINKING FAST Minor alarm ON
BLINKING SLOW Major alarm ON
OFF Power OFF or FAILED

Each E1 wire is protected by means of Surge Protection Device (SPD).


Two SPD board are available in Relays unit. The left on protects E1 odd links (e.g. link
1, 3, ..11), the right one protects E1 even link (e.g. 2, 4, .. 12). For this reason both
SPD boards must be always present. If one is missing a Major alarm is released.

Surge protection device board (SPD)


Each E1 line is protected against overvoltage. Protection is given through SPD board.
Each board contains protection devices to protect 6 E1 lines. SPD board on left
protects odd E1 lines and SPD board on right protects even E1 lines.
In case of one SPD board is missing, Control board release a major alarm criteria.
Surge protection device are connected in order to protect line from wire-to-wire over-
voltage and wire-to-ground over-voltage.
Connection schema is displayed in figure below:

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Fig. 2-34: E1 surge protection schema

The following table summarizes surge protection device characteristics:

Tab. 2.22: Surge protection device characteristics

Parameter Value
Surge gating voltage 58 V
Transient peak surge current 100 A @ 10x1000us pulse

2.14.4 Cabling
External cabling, i.e. cabling towards other sub-rack units, consists of:
cable from the TSU n and from TSU nR for +5Vdc power supply.
cable from the GND bar of the cabinet;
cable from the TSU n and from TSU nR for E1, Clock and Control signals.

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2.14.5 External Connectors


The following figure shows the Relays unit back panel and the connectors location
and the tables below give the pin assignment .

Fig. 2-35 Relays unit connectors area

Power Connectors

P1,P2

Pin 1

Pin assignment
P1 Signal P2 Signal
1 +5 V 1 +5V
2 GND 2 GND

Lines A, Lines B and output Lines connectors

1A-12A, 1B-12B, 1-12

The Pin Out of these connectors depends on the type of switched line.

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LAN connectors

LAN1-2, LAN1A-B, LAN2A-B

Pin Signal Pin Signal


1 LAN 1 5 LAN 5
2 LAN 2 6 LAN 6
3 LAN 3 7 LAN 7
4 LAN 4 8 LAN 8

RS232 connectors

RS232A-B

Pin Signal Pin Signal


1 5 GND
2 RX 6
3 TX 7 SDA
4 8 SCL

J10, CLOCK connectors

OUTCK

Pin Signal Pin Signal


1 GND 5 CK -
2 MSIG 6 RX TSU
3 CK RX 7 CK TX
4 CK + 8 TX TSU

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J10, CLOCK connectors

INCKA-INCKB

Pin Signal Pin Signal


1 5 CK -
2 6
3 7
4 CK + 8

2.14.6 Technical data


Fan Control Unit Technical data
Inputs 8 ports
4 ports reserved for Fan Trays alarms
Actuator outputs 8 ports
Alarm input circuits Optocoupler
Alarm input feeding By connecting internal floating GND
Line protection devices According to EN 60950
Actuator output Dry-contact NC or NO relays (110 VDC; 30 W max)
Fan Trays connection Up to 4 units controlled, including Fan Alarm handling
and -48 VDC power distribution for both Power Line A
and B
Alarm and actuator I/O connectors 6-slot strip-wire terminal blocks at external devices end
SCSI-2 female at TSU end

Fan Trays connectors D-type 9-pin female


DC supply connectors D-type 3-pin male (High Current)
Input voltage -48VDC
Supply range -44 to -60 VDC
Power consumption 5W
Mechanical arrangement 84TE/1HE for 19" rack-standard fitting
Dimensions (mm) 482.6 (w) x 44.5 (h) x 50 (d)
Temperature Range 0 to + 40 C

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2.15 RELAYS ADU UNIT


The Relays ADU is the unit that collects local and external alarms and communicates
them to the Alarm Display Unit, moreover it sends commands via on-board actuators
to external devices to drive them.
It features the following:
Connection of up to 16 external alarm signals to the SCN. This allows monitoring
and sending to Administrative Server compact alarms generated by any device
external to the SCN.
Availability of 16 digital actuators outputs suitable for driving any external device
requiring a remote command function. Actuator outputs (NC or NO contacts) can
be configured by internal jumpers.
Full galvanic isolation between the SCN and the external connected devices.
External alarm are monitored via opto-coupler circuits. Alarm status condition is
detected checking incoming voltage, from +5 to +20VDC, or dry contact status
according to equipment hardware setting.
Actuators are realized by means of "dry-contact" relays.
Line protection for I/O ports routed to external.
RS-232 Physical interface with the Administrative Gateway server in order to
perform the above listed functions.

2.15.1 Mechanical Description


The Alarm I/O Panel is arranged inside a 1U high, 19" rack-standard chassis.
Its external dimensions are listed in the following table:
The external Relays ADU unit dimensions are:

Chassis dimensions Width: 19 (482.6 mm)


Height: 1U (44.45 mm)
Depth: 450 mm

A mechanical layout of the Relays ADU unit is shown in the following figure.

Fig. 2-36 Relays ADU unit front panel

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Fig. 2-37: Relays ADU unit rear panel

The front panel, hosts two control boards.


The Control Boards located at the right side, optical indication regarding link activity to
ASc, equipment alarm level status and alarm details are given. The other Control
Board activation depends to the active Administrative Server Compact.

Fig. 2-38: Control Board device details

2.15.2 Power Requirements


The Relays ADU unit is powered at +5 VDC via the associated power supply cable
incoming from the Administrative Server Compact and plugged into the relevant +5V A
power connector of the rear panel. As a consequence, the unit is automatically
switched on at the same time as the ASc. Power supply feeding is redundant if the
+5V B line also used. Power requirements are summarized in the table below.
The electronic circuitry is supplied with +5 VDC.
Protection is provided in accordance with EN 60950 standard.

Tab. 2.23: Relays ADU unit power requirements

Power requirements
Input voltage +5 VDC stabilized, fuse-protected
Input voltage range +4.5Vdc to +5.5 Vdc
Power consumption 2.5 A max
Line protection EN 60950

2.15.2.1 Grounding
The Relays ADU unit features a grounding terminal on the left of the rear panel. This
must be connected to the ground interconnecting bus-bar fixed to the rack structure of
the cabinet via the relevant ground cable.
Further details on external cabling can be found in the related section of this
handbook.

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2.15.3 Functional Description


Relays ADU unit can be regarded as an "extension" of the ASc: it actually routes
external input and internal output alarm to-from active ASc.
The unit contains a duplicated board hosting relays circuits for all IN and OUT
interface connectors. The unit is connected to the ASc by means of a 68-pin SCSI-2
connector. Alarm routing operations are controlled via RS232 link from active ASc
equipment.
External alarm I/Os are connected by means of "strip-wire" terminal blocks that allow
fast and reliable connections.
A block diagram is given in the following figure.

Fig. 2-39: Relays ADU unit functional block diagram

According to customer requirements and just using user accessible settings it is


possible to set individually for each input one of the two available alarm input interface
type:
Voltage controlled alarm port
Dry contact relay alarm port

Any mixed input port type configuration is allowed.

Voltage controlled alarm port


The voltage controlled alarm port (DI) recognize as logical 1 any positive voltage
between +5 and +24V.
Reference point of voltage alarm must be connected to DICOM1 circuit common point
for input port 0 to 7 and DICOM2 for input port 8 to 16.
Logical 0 is detect when any voltage between 0 and +2V is applied.
As any input port opto-coupler isolation (2500Vrms) is guaranteed.
Logical 0 and logical 1 statement association will be defined in ASc server.

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Jumper settings are described in the SCN Plus Installation Guide.

Dry contact alarm port


In case of dry contact alarm port, internal isolated +5V reference voltage (ISO5V) shall
be provide.
Dry contact alarm shall be connected between DI and ISO5V input connections.
Reference point of internal isolated reference voltage (ISOGND) must be connected to
DICOM1 circuit common point for input port 0 to 7 and DICOM2 for input port 8 to 16.
As any input port opto-coupler isolation (2500Vrms) is guaranteed.
Logical 0 and logical 1 statement association will be defined in ASc server.
Jumper settings are described in the SCN Plus Installation Guide.

2.15.4 Alarm Signals from the Cabinet


Some of the Relays ADU unit I/O ports are used to handle alarms signals related to
the SCN Plus cabinet. These are:
Power Distribution Unit breaker unarming alarm. At the occurrence of one or more
breaker manual unarming at the PDU, a dedicated contact of the relevant breaker(s)
sends to the Relays ADU unit a signal at the input AL_EXT_4. The signal is then fed
to the ADU and finally routed towards the LT/NMS platform as an alarm state.
Power Distribution Unit short circuit alarm. At the occurrence of one or more breaker
short-circuit alarm at the PDU, a dedicated contact of the relevant breaker(s) sends a
signal to the Relays ADU unit at the input AL_EXT_3. The signal is then fed to the
ADU and finally routed towards the LT/NMS platform as an alarm state. For example,
this can be due to a short-circuit occurring either at the fed device or at the relevant
cabinet internal powering line.
Fan alarm. Fans in SCN Plus are controlled and monitored using the Fan Control Unit.
Collected fans alarm are summarized and delivered to the Relays ADU.

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2.15.5 External Connectors


The following figure shows the Relays unit rear panel and the connectors location.
Pin assignment details are given in the following pages.

Fig. 2-40: Relays ADU unit rear panel

+5V power connectors

+5V B, +5V A

Pin 1

Terminal Board

Pin assignment
Pin Signal
1 +5V ASc B
2 GND ASc B
3 +5V ASc A
4 GND ASc A

RS232 connectors

RS232 A, RS232 B

Pin 1

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 - 6 -
2 RX Receive Data 7 -
3 TX Transmit Data 8 -
4 - 9 -
5 GND -----

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D I/O connector

D I/O A, D I/O B

Pin 1

SCSI 68 pins female

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 Isolated 5V output 24 COM relay 4 47 NO relay 8
2 Digital input 0 25 NO relay 4 48 NC relay 9
3 Digital input 2 26 NC relay 5 49 COM relay 9
4 Digital input 4 27 COM relay 5 50 NO relay 9
5 Digital input 6 28 NO relay 5 51 NC relay 10
Common ground
6 29 NC relay 6 52 COM relay 10
input 8-15
7 Digital input 8 30 COM relay 6 53 NO relay 10
8 Digital input 10 31 NO relay 6 54 NC relay 11
9 Digital input 12 32 NC relay 7 55 COM relay 11
10 Digital input 14 33 COM relay 7 56 NO relay 11
11 NC relay 0 34 NO relay 7 57 NC relay 12
12 COM relay 0 35 Isolated GND 58 COM relay 12
13 NO relay 0 36 Digital input 1 59 NO relay 12
14 NC relay 1 37 Digital input 3 60 NC relay 13
15 COM relay 1 38 Digital input 5 61 COM relay 13
16 NO relay 1 39 Digital input 7 62 NO relay 13
Common ground
17 NC relay 2 40 63 NC relay 14
input 0-7
18 COM relay 2 41 Digital input 9 64 COM relay 14
19 NO relay 2 42 Digital input 11 65 NO relay 14
20 NC relay 3 43 Digital input 13 66 NC relay 15
21 COM relay 3 44 Digital input 15 67 COM relay 15
22 NO relay 3 45 NC relay 8 68 NO relay 15
23 NC relay 4 46 COM relay 8 ---------- -----------------------

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ALARMS connector

INPUT
Pin 1

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 ISO5V input 0 17 ISO5V input 8
2 DI input 0 18 DI input 8
3 ISO5V input 1 19 ISO5V input 9
4 DI input 1 20 DI input 9
5 ISO5V input 2 21 ISO5V input 10
6 DI input 2 22 DI input 10
7 ISO5V input 3 23 ISO5V input 11
8 DI input 3 24 DI input 11
9 ISO5V input 4 25 ISO5V input 12
10 DI input 4 26 DI input 12
11 ISO5V input 5 27 ISO5V input 13
12 DI input 5 28 DI input 13
13 ISO5V input 6 29 ISO5V input 14
14 DI input 6 30 DI input 14
15 ISO5V input 7 31 ISO5V input 15
16 DI input 7 32 DI input 15

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ALARMS connector

OUTPUT A
Pin 1

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 NC pole alarm 0 13 NC pole alarm 4
2 Common pole alarm 0 14 Common pole alarm 4
3 NO pole alarm 0 15 NO pole alarm 4
4 NC pole alarm 1 16 NC pole alarm 5
5 Common pole alarm 1 17 Common pole alarm 5
6 NO pole alarm 1 18 NO pole alarm 5
7 NC pole alarm 2 19 NC pole alarm 6
8 Common pole alarm 2 20 Common pole alarm 6
9 NO pole alarm 2 21 NO pole alarm 6
10 NC pole alarm 3 22 NC pole alarm 7
11 Common pole alarm 3 23 Common pole alarm 7
12 NO pole alarm 3 24 NO pole alarm 7

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ALARMS connector

OUTPUT B
Pin 1

Pin assignment
Pin Signal Pin Signal
1 NC pole alarm 8 17 NC pole alarm 12
2 Common pole alarm 8 18 Common pole alarm 12
3 NO pole alarm 8 19 NO pole alarm 12
4 NC pole alarm 9 20 NC pole alarm 13
5 Common pole alarm 9 21 Common pole alarm 13
6 NO pole alarm 9 22 NO pole alarm 13
7 NC pole alarm 10 23 Nc pole alarm 14
8 Common pole alarm 10 24 Common pole alarm 14
9 NO pole alarm 10 25 NO pole alarm 14
10 NC pole alarm 11 26 NC pole alarm 15
11 Common pole alarm 11 27 Common pole alarm 15
12 NO pole alarm 11 28 NO pole alarm 15
13 DICOM1 common ground port 0-7 29 DICOM1 common ground port 0-7
14 ISOGND 30 ISOGND
15 DICOM2 common ground port 8-15 31 DICOM2 common ground port 8-15
16 ISO5V 32 ISO5V

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2.15.6 Technical Data


Alarm I/O Technical data
Inputs 16 ports
Alarm input circuits Optocoupler
Input current 10mA rated, 50mA max
Logical 1 Input voltage +5Vdc to +24Vdc
Logical 0 input voltage 0Vdc to +2Vdc
Isolation voltage 2500Vrms
Actuator outputs 16 ports form C relay type
Contact rating 125Vac, 0.5A
30Vdc, 1A
Activation-deactivation time 3msec
Insulation resistance 1000M Ohm @ 500Vdc
Life expectancy >2 * 105 times @ 1A, 30Vdc
> 105 times @ 0,5A, 125Vac
ISO5V output voltage +5Vdc
ISO5V output current 170mA max @ 40C
Temperature Range 0 to + 60 C operating

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2.16 SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE


The SCNePS provides the following services:
telephonic switching;
routing,
external networks interfacing (GW)
recording node interfacing (recorder),
Base Stations management (BS),
interfacing with other Switching Control Nodes (SCN Plus, SCN-TX)
interfacing toward dispatching stations (WDS, CRS).

The Network Management Server (NMS) and the LocalTerminal (LT) manage the
SCN Plus.
In order to provide the above listed services the SCN Plus is constituted by four types
of Simple Network Element (SNE):
Tetra Switching Unit (TSU) (see ahead for SW description);
Administrative Server (AS) (see ahead for description);
GWServer Compact (GWc). It hosts the GWLD component that is the responsible
of the interface toward the external networks.
FES Unit that is responsible of the interconnections inside the SCN Plus cabinet
and toward the external LAN

2.16.1 Tetra Switching Unit


The Tetra Switching Unit hosts the server functionality for TETRA telephony, for
LAPD signaling, for PPP signaling and for routing.
The components that belong to this SNE node are managed through an interface
ended by the Agent node (on the Administrative Server). A pair of TSU units works in
active/standby mode. For each SCN Plus node few TSU units may be present in order
to increase the connectivity capability.

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The following figure shows the SW components of the TSU.

Fig. 2.41: TSU deployment

The TSU hosts the following SW elements:

HeartBeat: this component is provided by the operating system for the management
of the cluster of the 2 PC. It activates/monitors/ends the
application-oriented components and of offer the and offers the
management of the IP addresses. The HeartBeats hosted into the TSU
communicates each other using the RS232 and LAN interfaces.

Router: this component implements the different routing protocoll (OSPF, RIP, BGP).

NTP: client of the Network Time Protocol. It interfaces the relevant server to maintain
the temporal alignment of the TSU with the reference shared with the
other network elements.

WDOG: this component verifies an eventual loops status and in case reset the PC.

TAS: this is the Telephony Server responsible of the TETRA protocol management
toward the Network Elements (Gateways, Dispatchers, Mobiles). This
component works in active/standby configuration.

BSI: this component is responsible to terminate the BS interface. The BSI has the
main feature to maintain the SCN-BS communication, to assure that the
BS is properly configured and to inform the NIF about the BS resources
status (cells, carriers).

NetSnmp: this component implements the SNMP protocol that it is used for the
network infrastructure management. This protocol allows monitoring and
control of network devices as Router, Server, Switch, Hub ecc. This
component also provides the MIB II (Management Information Base).

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AgentExtender: this component extends the MIBII provided by the NetSnmp giving
proprietary informations on:
system sensors;
configured disk partitioning;
E1 insteface cards (used LAPD, with relevant counters);
switching matrix;
network interfaces;
processes with interest with relevant memory usage and CPU

NIF (Node InFrastructure):


It manages the connectivity with the different Network Elements (BS,
SCN, GW, Recorder) by using the LAPD/PPP channels and handles
the TCP/IP connectivity toward the network server (RTT, HLR,
AIKM, CLPM). It manages the radio resources (LocationArea, Celle,
Carrier, ForeignCell) by interfacing with the Radio Base Station
through the BSI component.
It controls the application components (TAS, BSI). It manages and
coordinates the activities with the correspondent activities with the
stand-by node interacting with the HeartBeat component. In case of
HW failure it applies the matrix in order to verify the current node
status and of the related peer. If necessary it generates a
switchover.
It manages the cross-connection, the E1 lines, the TDM matrix, the
HDLC resource and the clock synchronization.
It provides an abstraction of the operating system, of the inter-
process communication, of the TCP/IP connectivity and logging.
It implements a Real-Time Database with persistence on file (RT-
DBbck). The modifications applied onto the main shelf is replicated
onto the stand-by shelf.

Netbricks: this component manages the E1 cards, the HDLC resources and the H100
bus.

TdmSw: this component manages the matrix card.

RT-DB Bck: this file contains the DB real-time persistence.

As regards the redundancy management the system is based on HeartBeat support


on NIF infrastructure and on LINUX services.

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2.16.2 Administrative Server


The Administrative Server (AS) is the component that hosts the amministration
functionalities (Home Location Register, Authentication Center, Management Agent,
Call log, Performance Monitoring server, GPS reference, Digital I/O). It has the
following main characteristics:
PCI tecnology;
Industrial PC:
Windows2000 operating System;
CPU INTEL
SW clustering based on internal disk and replication via the external Raid BOX
Timing reference based on integrated GPS receiver;

The following table shows the functionality provided by Administrative Server.

Tab. 2.24: Administrative Server functionality

Functionality Description
Subscriber database (HLR) Read and write data in the Tetra user database.
Security It hosts the AIKM application
Runtime diagnostic service To test Bit Error Rate (BER) in the network.
O&M & Agent It implements the TETRA management model of
the elements of the GWc. It also manages also the
alarms of the system.
Real time tracing (RTT) The server to trace the subscribers Tetra activity.
Performance log and Call Log (ClPm) Log of performance parameters in the network and
Log of Tetra users call

LT-CL Server The server for Local Terminal (LT)

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2.17 CABLING
The SCN Plus cabling can change according to type and number of modules fitted
inside the SCN Plus equipment.
The following table gives a list of main units that can be mounted in the SCN-eSP
equipment in the redunded and non-redunded configurations.

Tab. 2.25: SCN Plus main composition

SCN Plus non- SCN Plus


redunded redunded
Item Qty Qty
SCN Plus pre-wired rack with embedded fan system 1 1
PDU 1 1
Power Filter Module 1 1
Relays-ADU Module 1 1
TSU Module 1-4 2-6
Relays Module 1-4 1-4
Administrative Server 1 2
Raid Box 0-1 0-1
GWc 0-2 0-4
LCD Monitor 1 1
FES Unit 1 2

The following cabling description is referred to a SCN Plus redunded configuration in


its maximum measurement. Cabling related to other SCN Plus configurations can be
easily obtained from the one described in the following.

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2.17.1 Internal cabling


Cabling internal to the SCN Plus cabinet, i.e. cabling between sub-rack units or rack-
sub-parts can be divided into three main groups according to the specific functions
they carry out:
Power and Grounding cabling
Alarms cabling
Control and Signaling cabling

2.17.1.1 Power and Grounding cabling


This group contains all the cables providing the -48 Vdc or +5 Vdc power distribution
inside the rack, and all the connections providing the correct grounding of the
equipment.
The -48 VDC power supply is delivered to the cabinet Fillter Module from the external
sources and then distributed via the power supply cables to the sub-rack units. The
grounding cables consists of a number of cables connecting all the detachable sub-
parts of the rack to the rack structure itself and a further cable connecting the latter to
the ground bar of the cabinet. These cables are considered to be sub-parts of the pre-
wired rack. The connections that belong to this group are shown in the following
figure.

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Fig. 2.42: Power and Grounding Cabling Diagram

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The following table gives a list of power supply cabling giving details on Part Number.

Tab. 2.26: SCN Plus power supply cabling list

From To
Cable P/N
Unit Connector Unit Connector
LineA Line A
1 Filter Module PDU 976-0867/01
LineB Line B
Right Terminal
ADMS1 [8A] -
Board
2 PDU 976-0872/01
Left Terminal
ADMS1R [8B] -
Board
FANA [1A] AlimA
3 PDU FAN Control Unit 976-0742/02
FANB [1B] AlimB
TSU 1 / 2 [2A / 3A] TSU 1 / 2 Alim1
976-0842/01
TSU 1R / 2R [2B / 3B] TSU 1R 2R Alim1
4 PDU
TSU 3 / 4 [4A / 5A] TSU 3 / 4 Alim1
976-0884/01
TSU 3R / 4R [4B / 5B] TSU 3R 4R Alim1
5 PDU MON [6B] KVM Switch Power 976-0727/02
ALIM 1
GWS1 [7A] GWc 1
48V 4WE&M
6 PDU 976-0843/01
ALIM 1
GWS2 [7B] GWc 2
48V 4WE&M
Right Terminal Board - ADMS1 Alim1
7 976-0841/01
Left Terminal Board - ADMS1R Alim1
Right Terminal Board - AlimA
8 Raid Box 976-0860/01
Left Terminal Board - AlimB
SWHUB 1 [9A] FES Unit 1 Power
9 PDU 976-0736/02
SWHUB 2 [9B] FES Unit 2 Power
Admin. Server 1 +5Vdc AlimA
10 ADU 976-0835/01
Admin. Server 1R +5Vdc AlimB

Fan Control Unit FAN TOP F2; F3


Front Fan Array
(front side) FAN BOTTOM F1; F4
11 976-0720/01
Fan Control Unit FAN TOP F2; F3
Rear Fan Array
(rear side) FAN BOTTOM F1; F4

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2.17.1.2 Alarms cabling


This group contains all the cables carrying alarms signals inside the rack.
The SCN Plus is provided with a dedicated alarm terminal strip located onto the Relay
ADU rear Panel, than all the alarm cabling is related to this module.
The following figure shows all the cabling that belong to this group and the table below
gives a list of all the cables also giving details on Part Numbers.

Fig. 2.43: Alarm Cabling Diagram

Tab. 2.27: SCN Plus Alarm cabling list

From To
Cable P/N
Unit Connector Unit Connector
NO Input (DI 0)
Front Door Switch
Com Input (ISO5V 0)
a Relays-ADU 976-0878/01
NO Input (DI 1)
Rear Door Switch
Com Input (ISO5V 1)
Input (DI 2)
Input (ISO5V 2)
b PDU Alarms Relays-ADU 976-0870/01
Input (DI 3)
Input (ISO5V 3)
1 Input (DI 4)
c Fan Control Unit Relays-ADU 976-0718/04
C Input (ISO5V 4)

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2.17.1.3 Control and Signaling cabling


This group contains all the cables carrying signals necessary for the correct
functioning of the unit (LAN, Serial, E1). The KVM connections are not given in the
following figure but in specific section - 2.17.1.4. The connections that belong to this
group are shown in the following figures and the table below gives a list of all the
cables also giving details on Part Numbers.
The figure is related to an SCN Plus Redunded Configuration without Add-Ons. The
Add-Ons connections are given in section -2.17.1.5.

Fig. 2.55: Signal Data Cabling Diagram

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Tab. 2.28: SCN Plus Signal Data cabling list

From To
Cable P/N
Unit Connector Unit Connector
L1 FES Unit 1 1x, 2x, 3x, 4x FES Unit 1 1x, 2x, 3x, 4x 976-0207/01

LAN 1A, LAN 2A TSU 1 ETH0, ETH1


L2 Relays Module 67115-45/059
LAN 1B, LAN 2B TSU 1R ETH0, ETH1

11x, 12x Admin. Server 1 LAN0, LNKA


FES Unit 1
19x, 20x Admin. Server 1R LAN0, LNKA
L3 67115-45/061
11x, 12x Admin. Server 1 LAN1, LNKB
FES Unit 2
19x, 20x Admin. Server 1R LAN1, LNKB

L4 Admin. Server 1 ETH 0 Admin. Server 1R ETH 0 976-0207/01

LAN 1 FES Unit 1 7x


L5 Relays Module 67115-45/059
LAN 2 FES Unit 2 7x

S1 Admin. Server 1 COM 1 Admin. Server 1R COM 1 976-0803/01

I/O B I/O Board


S2 Relays-ADU Admin. Server 1R 976-0882/01
RS232 B COM 2

I/O A I/O Board


S3 Relays-ADU Admin. Server 1 976-0845
RS232 A COM 2

INCK A TSU 1 CLK/RS232


S4 Relays Module 67115-45/059
INCK B TSU 1R CLK/RS232

S5 TSU 1 RS232 TSU 1R RS232 976-0802/01

1A, 5A, 9A 1 5500041M016


TSU 1
2A, 6A, 10A 2 5500041M040
E1 Relays Module (E1 Card 0, E1 Card 1,
3A, 7A, 11A 3 5500041M032
E1 Card 2)
4A, 8, 12A 4 5500041M032

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2.17.1.4 KVM Cabling Schemes

Fig. 2.45: KVM Cabling Diagram

Tab. 2.29: SCN Plus KVM cabling list

From To
Cable P/N
Unit Connector Unit Connector
TSU 1 VGA
KVM Switch PC 1 972-0064/01
TSU 1R Key

VGA 972-0064/01
KVM Switch PC 5 GWc 1 Mouse
972-0064/01 + Y cable adapter
Key

K1 VGA 972-0064/01

KVM Switch PC 6 Admin. Server 1 Mouse 972-0064/01 + Y cable adapter

Key 972-0064/01 + Y cable adapter

VGA 972-0064/01

KVM Switch PC 7 Admin. Server 1R Mouse 972-0064/01 + Y cable adapter

Key 972-0064/01 + Y cable adapter

VGA 972-0064/01

KVM Switch PC 8 GWc 2 Mouse


972-0064/01 + Y cable adapter
Key

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2.17.1.5 Add-Ons Cabling Schemes


This sections gives indications on cabling related to Add-Ons. In particular the various
GWc configurations are described.
The Power Cabling are not described in the following diagrams because they are
already described in - 2.17.1.1.

GWc 4 w Radio I/F Cabling.

From To
Cable P/N
Unit Connector Unit Connector
GWc 1 LAN0 FES Unit 1 21x
G1 67115-45/061
GWc 2 LAN0 FES Unit 2 21x

GWc 1 4WE&M Port 1 8


G2 Patch Panel 976-0859/01
GWc 2 4WE&M Port 9 - 16

GWc 1 9
G3 PCI-EIU Relays Module 976-0825/01
GWc 2 10

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GWc ISDN-PRI Cabling

From To
Cable P/N
Unit Connector Unit Connector
GWc 1 LAN0 FES Unit 1 21x
G1 67115-45/061
GWc 2 LAN0 FES Unit 2 21x

GWc 1 D600 Port 1, Port 2 Port 1, Port 2


G4 Filter Module 976-0161/02
GWc 2 D600 Port 1, Port 2 Port 3, Port 4

GWc 1 9
G5 PCI-EIU Relays Module 976-0801/01
GWc 2 10

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GwC VoIP Cabling


Two Different cabling schemes are represented according to where the GWc VoIP is
installed:
When the GWc VoIP correspont to the GWc 1 the cabling scheme is:

When the GWc VoIP correspont to the GWc 2 the cabling scheme is:

From To
Cable P/N
Unit Connector Unit Connector
G1 GWc VoIP LAN1 FES Unit 21x 67115-45/061

G6 GWc VoIP LAN0 Filter Module Port 5 976-0120/03

2E1 VoIP Port 1 D600 Port 1


G7 GWc VoIP GWc PRI 976-0797/01
2E1 VoIP Port 2 D600 Port 2

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3. CONTROLS AND INDICATORS

The purpose of this chapter is to provide details to all front panel components of the
SCN Plus equipment. These include devices used to control the equipment (e.g.:
switches, buttons, etc.) and devices used as indicators of the equipment status.

3.1 CONVENTIONS AND SYMBOLS


The following standard symbols have been adopted as identifying labels on the front
panels of the SCN sub-rack units:

It indicates that signal source, or function command, on a communication


equipment is placed locally.

It identifies an alarm indicator on a control equipment.

It indicates if the equipment is configured via SW and has full control of its
functions.

It identifies a switch used to connect the indicators to the circuit.

It identifies a DC-DC converter.

It identifies the ON status of a part of the equipment, e.g. the ON position of a


switch. This symbol must be used together with the following symbol.

It identifies the OFF status of a part of the equipment, e.g. the OFF position of a
switch. This symbol must be used together with the previous symbol.

It identifies the terminals to be connected to a external conductor acting as a


protection against electrical discharges or to a protection ground terminal.

It identifies a transmission input terminal.

It identifies a transmission output terminal.

It identifies IDE/SCSI activity.

Power indicator.

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For quick identifying of sub-racks as well as their location inside the rack refer to the
following figure that shows the SCN Plus front side without door and that highlights the
composing modules.

Fig. 3.1: SCN Plus Shelves disposition

Following paragraphs detail control and indicator devices for all the modules located
inside the SCN Plus.
All the controls and indicator devices are located on the front panel of the equipment.

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3.2 FAN CONTROL UNIT


The Fan Control Unit is considered a part of the prewired cabinet. It is present in both
the cabinets that compose the SCN Plus and it is located in the cabinets top side.
LEDs for unit control are located on the front side of the unit, as shown in the figure.

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3.3 ELECTRONIC POWER DISTRIBUTION UNIT


The front panel of the Electronic PDU is fitted with 9+9 (9 IN A and 9 IN B) electronic
breakers (with an ON/OFF button) used distribution of 48Vdc power voltage inside
the cabinet.
Power input lines presence and breaker status are monitored via front panel leds.
POWER ON A or B green led ON indicates presence of input power, OFF absence.
BREAKER ALARM red led indicates at least one breaker is tripped.
Breaker status OFF condition can be masked setting internal PDU dip-switch
according to the following table
The following figure and table show the Electronic PDU used in the SCN Plus.

Line A Rating Label Line B Rating Label


1 3A FAN A 1 3A FAN B
2 7,5A TSU 1 2 7,5A TSU 1r
3 7,5A TSU 2 3 7,5A TSU 2r
4 7,5A TSU 3 4 7,5A TSU 3r
5 7,5A TSU 4 5 7,5A TSU 4r
6 3A AUX 6 3A MON
7 10A GW S 1 7 10A GW S 2
8 10A ADM S 1 / RAID A 8 10A ADM S 1r / RAID B
9 5A HUB 1 9 5A HUB 2

The breaker/ remote device relation powered at 48Vdc for SCN Plus main rack is
given in the Fig. 3.2.

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Fig. 3.2: Breaker / Remote device relation, SCN Plus basic rack

Relays ADU unit and Relays units are powered at 5Vdc (internally generated by
servers) according to the following schema:
Unit Powered by
Relays ADU, +5VA Administrative server 1
Relays ADU, +5VB Administrative server 1R
Relays 1, +5VA TSU 1
Relays 1, +5VB TSU 1R
Relays 2, +5VA TSU 2
Relays 2, +5VB TSU 2R
Relays 3, +5VA TSU 3
Relays 3, +5VB TSU 3R
Relays 4, +5VA TSU 4
Relays 4, +5VB TSU 4R

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The breaker/ remote device relation powered at 48Vdc for SCN Plus extension rack (if
present) is given in the Fig. 3.3

Fig. 3.3: Breaker / Remote device relation, SCN Plus extension rack

Relays ADU unit and Relays units are powered at 5Vdc (internally generated by
servers) according to the following schema:
Unit Powered by
Relays ADU, +5VA Administrative server 1
Relays ADU, +5VB Administrative server 1R
Relays 1, +5VA TSU 1
Relays 1, +5VB TSU 1R
Relays 2, +5VA TSU 2
Relays 2, +5VB TSU 2R
Relays 3, +5VA TSU 3
Relays 3, +5VB TSU 3R
Relays 4, +5VA TSU 4
Relays 4, +5VB TSU 4R

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3.4 RELAY ADU UNIT


The Relays ADU unit is accessible from the rear of the cabinet by opening the rear
door. It has the following main functions:
Collects local and external alarms and communicates them to the ADU,
Sends commands via on-board actuators to external devices to drive them.

The following figure and tables show the Relay ADU unit used in the SCN Plus
equipment and highlights available devices.

Fig. 3.4: Relay ADU unit front panel layout

Device Status Function


Yellow ON Control Board in Stand-by

Green ON Control Board OK


Flashing fast Control Board with minor active alarm
Flashing slow Control Board with major active alarm
Green OFF Control Board OFF or Failed
CRIT; MAJ; MIN; Green ON
TSU1; TSU2; TSU3; Yellow ON See next table
TSU4; ADM; GW1;
GW2; PDU; AUX

Yellow LED Green LED Meaning


OFF OFF Alarm non enabled or not managed

OFF ON OK, no alarm

ON OFF FAIL, active alarm

ON ON User defined status

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3.5 GATEWAY COMPACT SERVER


The GWc chassis features the following controls and indicators:
LED indicators for power ON/OFF and for hard disk driver
Power on/off switch
Reset button
The unit front panel and relevant components are shown in the following figure and
listed in the table below.

Fig. 3.5: GWc front panel layout

Item Status Function


Reset switch pressed Resets the related unit.
USB Port - Used for serial connection
HDD Red LED ON IDE/SCSI activity.
Power Green LED ON System powered.
Toggle button.
Power switch Pressed It switches ON or switches OFF the unit
according to the initial state.
CD Driver - -
Floppy Unit (optional) - -

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3.6 TETRA SWITCHING UNIT


The TSU chassis features the following controls and indicators:
LED indicators for power ON/OFF and for hard disk driver
Power on/off switch
Reset button
The unit front panel and relevant components are shown in the following figure and
listed in the table below.

Fig. 3.6: TSU-ePS front panel layout

Item Status Function


Reset switch pressed Resets the related unit.
USB Port - Used for serial connection
HDD Red LEDs ON IDE/SCSI activity.
Power Green LED ON System powered.
Toggle button.
Power switch Pressed It switches ON or switches OFF the unit
according to the initial state.

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3.7 KVM
The KVM-8 provides reliable, central control up to 8 TETRA-system CPUs (Central
Processing Unit).
The following figure shows the KVM unit used in the SCN Plus equipment the main
commands and controls (PC selection, Selected PC Indicator) are located over the
keyboard.

Fig. 3.7: KVM layout

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3.8 ADMINISTRATIVE SERVER


The AS chassis features the following controls and indicators:
LED indicators for power ON/OFF and for hard disk driver
Power on/off switch
Reset button
The unit front panel and relevant components are shown in the following figure and
listed in the table below.

Fig. 3.8: AS front panel layout

Item Status Function


Reset switch pressed Resets the related unit.
USB Port - Used for serial connection
HDD Red LED ON IDE/SCSI activity.
Power Green LED ON System powered.
Toggle button.
Power switch Pressed It switches ON or switches OFF the unit
according to the initial state.
CD Driver - -
Floppy Unit (optional) - -

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3.9 RELAYS UNIT


The Relays unit has been mainly designed to switch external E1 traffic links to active
TSU server. In additional, E1 independent, SCN LAN switch criteria and 8 MHz clock
distribution functions are supported.
SPD board provide E1 line over-voltage protection, CNTRL board provide E1 switch
management. The following figure shows the Relays unit used in the SCN Plus
equipment.

Fig. 3.9: Relays unit front panel layout

Tab. 3.1: SDP left board devices

Device Status Function


Yellow led ON Odd lines in by-pass configuration
Green led ON Odd lines configured by CONTROL board

Tab. 3-2: SDP right board devices

Device Status Function


Yellow led ON Even lines in by-pass configuration
Green led ON Even lines configured by CONTROL board

Tab. 3-3: CONTROL board devices

Device Status Function


Removing CONTROL board signal
switch

switch CONTROL board normal operation

Yellow LED ON Unit in stand-by


Yellow LED FLASHING Serial data transmitted/received
Green LED ON No alarm on CONTROL board
Green LED FLASHING Minor alarm active on CONTROL board
Green LED BLINKING SLOW Major alarm active on CONTROL board
Green LED OFF CONTROL board not powered or fail
Yellow Green
OFF OFF Line not connected
LED 1 to 12 OFF ON Line connected
ON OFF Line in internal loopback
ON ON Line in external loopback

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3.10 FAST ETHERNET

Fig. 3.10: Fast Ethernet front panel layout

The FES Units fitted into the SCN cabinet are Allied Telesyn AT-D8224-XL fast LAN
Switches.
The unit front panel and associated controls and indicators are shown in the following
figure.
LED Status Function
OFF Indicates no link between port and end-node
LINK
Green ON Indicates valid link between port and end-node
OFF
MODE Indication on this LED is related to MODE led selection
ON/ Flashing
Red ON The switch or management SW is malfunctioning.
Red OFF Normal operation.
FAULT The switch is booting, running diagnostic tests, writing
Red flashing images to FLASH, or transferring files using
XMODEM.
RPS Green ON The RPS is connected to the switch.
Green ON The switch is powered correctly.
PWR
Green OFF No power.
No data collision are occurring on the port
MODE-COL
Collision are occurring on the port
Port is operating at 10 Mbps
MODE-100
Port is operating at 100Mbps
Port is operating in half-duplex mode
MODE-FULL
Port is operating in full-duplex mode
No port activity
MODE-ACT
Port is transmitting or receiving data packets
Button Status Function
MODE pressed MODE indication function cycling.

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Further information about controls and indicators can be found in the technical
documentation provided with the Fast LAN Switch by Allied Telesyn International,
Corp.

3.11 RAID DISK ENCLOSURE


The Raid Disk Enclosure has the following front panel indicators: Power LED;
Enclosure status LED; Fan status LED, Temperature LED, HD status indicator.
The RAID DISK rear panel houses the following redundant modules:
Power/fan modules
Controller modules
I/O modules
Event modules

The unit main controls and indicators are shown in the following figures
Further details on controls and indicators can be found in the specific technical
documentation provided with the RAID DISK, mod SANnet II Series).

Fig. 3.11: Disk enclosure front panel layout

Raid Disk Enclosure indicators (front panel)


LED Status Function
Green The unit is powered correctly and is operational.
Power Serious failure or critical fail on one of the three power
Flashing red
supply units of the disk (3% below normal operation).
Green Normal operation.
EVENT Flashing red One of the Event Reporting Modules is faulty.
Red A complete failure occurred.
Green All fans are fully operational.
FAN A serious failure or a critical fail occurs for at least one of
Flashing red
the fans (20% below normal operation).
Green Normal temperature (<35C).
FAN Flashing amber Warm temperature (>35C).
Flashing red Too hot temperature (>55C).
DISK DRIVE Green HD powered
LEDs Flashing amber Data read/write activity

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Fig. 3.12: Disk enclosure rear panel layout

Further details on controls and indicators can be found in the specific technical
documentation provided with the Raid Disk Enclosure.

RAID Disk Enclosure Rear Side LEDs Rear Panel


LED Status Description
Power and Cooling Module
Status Green ON Power Supply is good
Yellow Serious failure or critical fail on at least one of the two
power supply units (3% below normal operation).

FAN Green ON Fan module normal operation


Yellow A serious failure or a critical fail occurs for at least
one of the fans (20% below normal operation).

I/O Module
ERR OFF I/O module is good
Blinking Green Invalid single or dual cable configuration
Yellow Failed I/O module
TERM Green ON Internal termination enabled (auto-termination) on
relevant SCSI channel
OFF Internal termination disabled (auto-termination) on
relevant SCSI channel
SNGL Green ON Cabled for single bus configuration
OFF Cabled for dual bus configuration

Raid Controller Module


Busy OFF Unit not active
Green Blinking The controller is busy
Green ON Controller Data is in Cache
Yellow Power is lost and data is in memory
PWR ATTN Green ON Secondary Controller
Green slow Blinking Primary Controller
Yellow Failed Controller
BAT Green ON Battery is fully charged
Green Blinking Battery is charging
Yellow Battery is failed

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3.12 START-UP AND SHUT-DOWN


This paragraph gives all the necessary information for a proper start-up of the whole
SCN Plus, defining a step-by-step procedure.
This can take place at each system start-up, thus including the occurrence of any
periodical re-start consequent to system switching-OFF for periodical maintenance,
etc.

3.12.1 Preliminary checks


Before any start-up operations, and especially at first start-up, operator must
preliminary check the followings:
Installation and commissioning activities have been completed.
Environmental conditions of the equipment room are within given limits.
External DC power supply unit must be installed, and properly working. Check
out the DC power supply source, verifying output voltage (it must be inside the
specified range) and its correct polarity, check current capability of DC source,
and efficiency of any supply protection device external to cabinet (if present).
Special attention must be paid to the check of the grounding systems, and the
efficiency of any other safety precautions.
All external cabling must be properly connected.
It is assumed that the equipment setting-up has been previously completed in
accordance which is stated in the SCN Plus Setting up and Start up Guide

Please note that some of these preliminary steps could be not relevant or not
applicable in some cases, such as a normal re-start (e.g. the references to installation
and commissioning). Operator is recommended to skip them in that case.

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3.12.2 Start-up
Perform preliminary checks as defined in previous section.
Switch ON the external DC supply sources through the breakers LINE A and
LINE B located on to the Filters Module unit

Switch ON the FAN A and FAN B breakers on Power Distribution Unit.


Switch ON the power switches located on the FAN Control Unit and verify that
the Power LED are ON and correspond to the correct functioning.
Switch ON the HUB1 and HUB2 breakers on Power Distribution Unit.
Verify that the Power LED on FES Unit is ON.
On Power Distribution Unit, switch ON all the TSU breakers on related to the TSU
unit installed inside the SCN Plus cabinet.
Press the power button on the TSU 1 unit.

Now the TSU 1 Power ON


green LED must be lit and
the TSU 1 booting process
starts (the yellow
IDE/SCSI Activity LED is
blinking). At the end of the
TSU 1 booting process the
yellow IDE/SCSI Activity
LED is off.

Repeat this step for all the TSU modules.

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Switch ON the ADMS 1 and ADMS 1R breakers on Power Distribution Unit.


Press the power button on the Administrative Server 1.

Now the AS Power ON green LED must be lit and the AS booting process starts
(the yellow IDE/SCSI Activity LED is blinking). At the end of the TIU booting
process the yellow IDE/SCSI Activity LED is off.
Repeat this step for the AS 1R module.
If GWC units are present, switch ON the GWS 1 and GWS 2 breakers on Power
Distribution Unit.
Press the power button on the GWc 1.

Now the GWc Power ON green LED must be lit and the GWc booting process
starts (the yellow IDE/SCSI Activity LED is blinking). At the end of the GWc
booting process the yellow IDE/SCSI Activity LED is off.
Repeat this step for the GWc 2 module.
Switch ON the MON breaker on Power Distribution Unit. Now the KVM switch is
active and may monitor all the PC installed inside the SCN Plus cabinet.

After these operations, the SCN Plus start-up is terminated, and it is correctly
operating.

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3.12.3 Shut-down
This paragraph gives all the necessary information for a proper shut down of the
whole SCN Plus, defining a step-by-step procedure. It is important that operator
respect the given sequence, whenever it is required to switch OFF the station for
periodical maintenance, modules replacing, etc.

Procedure
Shut-down both the GWc units (if present) by the proper procedure using a
mouse, keyboard and monitor connected to the GWc.

First of switching OFF the GWc module terminate all the applications
in progress

Switch OFF the GWc breakers on Power Distribution Unit.


Shut-down all the TSU units by the proper procedure using a mouse, keyboard
and monitor connected to the TSU.

First of switching OFF the TSU modules terminate all the applications
in progress

Switch OFF all the TSU breakers on Power Distribution Unit.


Shut-down both the AS units by the proper procedure using a mouse, keyboard
and monitor connected to the AS.

First of switching OFF the AS modules terminate all the applications


in progress

Switch OFF the AS breakers on Power Distribution Unit.


Switch OFF the HUB breakers on Power Distribution Unit.
Switch OFF the MON breaker on Power Distribution Unit.
Switch OFF the FAN Switches on FAN Control Unit, than switch OFF the FAN
breakers on Power Distribution Unit.
Switch OFF the SCN Plus external DC supply sources (LINE A and LINE B) on
Filter module.

After the above operations, the SCN Plus shut-down is terminated.

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Preventive Maintenance

4. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE

This chapter provides the information necessary to carry out preventive maintenance
on the equipment, i.e. all the operations necessary to maintain the equipment in the
best operating condition.
The operations mentioned may be carried out by the operator at the site. They are
limited to periodic integrity checks, visual inspections, cleaning and replacement of
consumable parts of the equipment.
Listed following are the main routine operations to be carried out periodically,
including the recommended frequency and references to general instructions given in
the following sections. In particular, power supply and fan operation checks should be
carried out within 1 month after commissioning and every 6 months thereafter.

Tab. 4.1: Periodic maintenance basic operations

Check Frequency
Power Supply check 1 month after commissioning, then every 6 months
Fan Tray Filter check 1 month
Internal cleaning 6 months
Inspection of connection cables 6 months

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4.1 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT


The following is a list of the equipment required to carry out periodic preventive
maintenance operations. Equivalent equipment may be used if these items are not
available at the site.

All preventive maintenance operations must be carried out with the


power supply switched off unless differently specified.

Tab. 4.2: Periodic maintenance basic equipment

Item description Type Reference procedure


Digital voltmeter Accuracy: 0.5% Input voltage checking
Vacuum cleaner, brush Any Cleaning
Mild soap and water solution Any PCs air filter cleaning
Cloth Dry, lint-free Cleaning
Solvent Total evaporation solvent for Cleaning
electric circuit and
components

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4.2 ESD PROTECTION


All SCN Plus sub-parts, such as components and boards, are electrostatic sensitive
and consequently must be handled at a static-safeguarded working area.
An electrostatic safeguard area is intended as:
A grounded, electrostatic-dissipating wrist-strap that drains electrostatic charge
from the operator wearing the strap.
A work surface covered with or composed of a grounded, electrostatic-
dissipating material that drains electrical charges from conductive materials
placed on the surface.

Furthermore, in case of temporary storing, warehousing or re-package for shipment,


the parts must be stored in electrostatic-safeguarded packages.
The SCN Plus cabinet is equipped with a standard-size ESD-safeguard snap screwed
onto the cabinet frame, on the right side (front view). It is suitable for snap-stacking
wrist-strap connection. It is labelled as:

EARTH BONDING POINT

This may be used as a convenient static-safeguarded precaution whenever handling


modules and boards.

Note
Please note that SELEX Communications disclaims any responsibility for problems due to poor ESD
protection during installation/maintenance of the equipment.

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4.3 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

4.3.1 Equipment Cleaning


Cleaning operations of the equipment must be carried out even if the equipment is
installed in an air conditioned environment. Dust accumulated on the various
components can, over time, form a layer that reduces the efficiency of the cooling
system (whether this is by natural air convection in the cabinet or by forced ventilation
with cooling fans). This causes a general increase in the operational temperature of
the equipment that, after some time, can reach a high value, thus causing the
malfunctioning or breakdown of some component. In order to prevent this the
equipment must be properly cleaned periodically.

All cleaning operations must be carried out with the power supply
switched off.

4.3.1.1 Cabinet
Although the cabinet is provided with air filters (see below), internal cleaning might still
be necessary to remove accumulated dust. This can be done using a vacuum cleaner,
a clean dry cloth or a brush. All traces of dust on the inside must be removed. It is
recommended that this is done at least once a year.

4.3.1.2 Printed Circuit Boards or Modules


Printed circuit boards should not be removed, unless it is thought that dust has
accumulated on their surface. In this case, they must be removed correctly, one at a
time. Refer to Chapter 5 Corrective Maintenance for details on unit/card removal.
Use of a vacuum cleaner and a brush to remove the dust is recommended. If there is
grease or dirt on the connector pins use a cloth (lint free) and/or brush dampened with
a total evaporation solvent for electric circuit and components.

4.3.2 Connection Cables Inspection


Connection cables must be inspected periodically to ensure that there are no rips in
the insulation, which could then cause short circuits. Every part that shows signs of
insulation deterioration must be re-wrapped.
The coaxial cables must be inspected with extreme care since notching or bending
them too far easily damages them. The connectors must be checked to ensure that
there are no signs of corrosion on the metal contacts. Cables that show signs of
damage must be protected (or, if necessary, replaced).

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4.3.3 Power Supplies Check

4.3.3.1 Input Power Supply at the SCN Plus Cabinet


Power supply from the 48 VDC external source should be checked within 1 month of
commissioning and then every 6 months.
Use a digital voltmeter as specified in Tab. 4.2 to check the 48 VDC voltage delivered
from the external power supply source to the cabinet.
Measured values must be according to the power requirements data listed in table.

Nominal input voltage -48 VDC


Input voltage range -44 VDC to -60 VDC

4.3.4 Fan Operation Check


The cabinet is cooled via air-forced circulation through the inlets of the fan trays
located onto the front and rear doors. Operation of Fan Trays should be checked
within 1 month of commissioning and then every month.
Any mechanical noise from the fan unit and/or a lack of a strong, steady air-flow
through the full width of the cabinet can signal a fan fault or failure. Malfunctioning of
the fan trays is also signalled via the ADU front panel LEDs. Refer to Chapter 3
Controls and Indicators of this handbook for further technical details.
Check periodically the dust-stop filters and clean or replace them each time dust or
dirt accumulation requires it according to the instructions given in the following sub-
sections.

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4.3.5 Filter Cleaning


The SCN Plus is provided with a Filter on the front side near the grid for airflow of the
personal computers (TSU, GWc and AS). This filter must be removed for cleaning and
checking every month. Follow the procedure below:
Remove the air filter grid from rack by loosening the thumbscrews that fasten the
filter grid to rack.

Remove the filter from its housing.


Clean the filter using a mild soap and water solution.
Thoroughly dry the filter before reinstalling it in the chassis.
Reinstall the air filter into its housing and fasten the air filter grid to rack tracks by
tightening the associated thumbscrews.

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Corrective maintenance

5. CORRECTIVE MAINTENANCE

This section provides a description of procedures to be used for SCN Plus corrective
maintenance, i.e. to identify possible faults and failures (troubleshooting) and how to
correct them.
Corrective maintenance includes the following tasks:
identifying the faulty part(s);
performing the appropriate corrective action, which may consists in replacing the
part with a new or reconditioned one;
reconfiguring the equipment and starting it up again;
testing equipment for full efficiency.

A primary tool for monitor and maintenance purposes over connections from /to SCN
Plus sub-units is the Interface Rack. It allows both to temporarily break the connection
between two items for testing and patching purposes, and to monitor output signals
through non-intrusive access.
The main SW tool to perform test and maintenance operations locally is the SCN
Local Terminal. This has been designed as a quick and user-friendly SW tool suitable
for performing equipment setting-up and control and to carry out maintenance activity.
The same tasks can be also performed from the NMS, which can be considered as
the primary tool for O&M activity of the whole TETRA network. However, note that if
the SCN Plus equipment is in fall-back mode (i.e. the connection to the NMS is down),
maintenance operations must be carried out from the SCN Local Terminal.
Reference should be made to the SCN Local Terminal User Guide and to the NMS
User Manual for further information about the appropriate SW tool.
This chapter mainly describes how to identify the faulty parts and how to replace
them, whereas instructions to reconfigure the equipment and to test its efficiency are
given in the SCN Plus Setting up and Start up Guide.

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5.1 LIST OF REPLACEABLE UNITS


The following table lists all the items that can be replaced in the SCN Plus equipment.
The table shows also which items support hot insertion/removal. In some cases
replacement of the unit/card does not imply any interruption of the equipment
operation. In other cases replacement requires the shutdown the equipment (or of the
unit), replace the unit and restart the equipment. The spare list shown includes all
equipment that can be fitted in the SCN Plus in fully equipped configuration. The
recommended Spares List for the specific project is usually a sub-set of the list shown
in the table. This sub-set is defined according to the specific network configuration.
For details on Items Part Numbers refer to section - 1.14

Tab. 5.1: Replaceable Units

Main Elements Procedure


Extraction FAN array It is suggested the SCN Plus unit shut-down , in fact
Suction FAN array the replacement of the cooling FAN, during SCN Plus
operating, may cause a dangerous temperature
FAN Control Unit increase.
PDU 9 + 9 with Alarm 1HE CRS-195 shut down is required
Relays-ADU Unit Hot insertion/removal
Administrative Server PC shutdown required (by using a mouse, keyboard
and monitor connected to the PC).
Raid Box Hot insertion/removal
GWc Unit Hot insertion/removal PC shutdown required (by
using a mouse, keyboard and monitor connected to
the PC).
KVM Switch Module Hot insertion/removal
Relays Module Hot insertion/removal
TSU Unit PC shutdown required (by using a mouse, keyboard
and monitor connected to the PC).
FES Unit Hot insertion/removal

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5.2 GENERAL PRECAUTIONS


Card substitution should be performed by qualified personnel. This section of manual
is intended for engineers and technicians responsible for maintenance of the
equipment and who have knowledge about networks and telecommunications.

5.2.1 Safety Rules


All installation activities must be performed in full respect of rules and standards of the
country in which installation takes place.

5.2.2 ESD Protection


All SCN Plus sub-parts, such as components and boards, are electrostatic sensitive
and consequently must be handled at a static-safeguarded working area.
An electrostatic safeguard area is intended as:
A grounded, electrostatic-dissipating wrist-strap that drains electrostatic charge
from the operator wearing the strap.
A work surface covered with or composed of a grounded, electrostatic-
dissipating material that drains electrical charges from conductive materials
placed on the surface.
Furthermore, in case of temporary storing, warehousing or re-package for shipment,
the parts must be stored in electrostatic-safeguarded packages.
The SCN Plus cabinet is equipped with a standard-size ESD-safeguard snap screwed
onto the cabinet frame, on the right side (front view). It is suitable for snap-stacking
wrist-strap connection. It is labelled as:

EARTH BONDING POINT

This may be used as a convenient static-safeguarded precaution, whenever handling


modules and boards.

Note
Please note that SELEX Communications disclaims any responsibility for problems due to poor ESD
protection during installation/maintenance of the equipment.

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5.3 FAULT DETECTION AND CORRECTIVE ACTIONS


This section helps the operator to identify the type of fault or failure and its possible
source. In some cases it will provide indications on how to undertake a corrective
action.
For clarity the section is divided into the following parts:
Front panel indicators: this sub-section collects all types of faults or failures that
are immediately detectable from the LED indicators located on the equipment
front panel. These provide the first check of possible faults and failures.
Alarm & Event tracing from NMS or LT: both the SCN Plus LT and the NMS allow
tracing of all event reports, including the alarm signals coming from the controlled
equipment. This is a powerful tool for troubleshooting as the following text
explains.

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5.3.1 Fault detection via front panel indicators

5.3.1.1 Relay-ADU
SCN Plus is provided with an ADU (Alarm Display Unit, housed in the Interface Rack)
that features several LED indicators on its front panel.

The ADU may be used as a tool to quickly find SCN Plus HW failure and/or incorrect
operation. The ADU front panel is divided into two sections:
Severity indicators three LEDs (Critical/Major/Minor) furnish indication about
the global status of the equipment and particularly about the severity of the
alarms presently active. These LEDs follow an OR-logic, i.e. if the Major LED is lit
at least one Major alarm is active in the SCN Plus equipment.
Informational indicators several LEDs, each referring to a specific sub-unit of
the SCN Plus equipment, display which sub-units are presently alarmed.

Note
Three LEDs (Minor, Major, and Critical) monitor the global status of the SCN Plus. The events causing the
alarm signals are classified according to the impact they produce on the operational status and on the
availability of the affected resource.

Yellow LED Green LED Meaning


OFF OFF Alarm non enabled or not managed

OFF ON OK, no alarm

ON OFF FAIL, active alarm

ON ON User defined status

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5.3.1.2 Relays module


The following figure shows the Relays unit LEDs position.

The following table gives indications on failures that may be detected by LEDs status.
The Status LEDs related to the SPD boards are not indication of failure, then the
indications given in the following table are related to the Control Board.
LED Status Description/Action
FLASHING Minor alarm active on CONTROL board
Green BLINKING SLOW Major alarm active on CONTROL board
OFF CONTROL board not powered or fail

5.3.1.3 Lan Switches


The following figure shows the FES Unit LEDs position.

The following table gives indications on failures that may be detected by LEDs status.
Port LEDs and Mode LEDs
LED State Description/Action
LINK OFF Indicates that there is no link between the port and the end-
node.

System LEDs
LED State Description/Action
Fault Red Indicates a malfunction in the switch or management
software.
Flashing Red Indicates that the switch is loading its operating software,
running diagnostic tests, writing messages to FLASH, or
downloading files using XMODEM. This is a transitory state
PWR OFF Indicates that the switch is not receiving power.

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5.3.2 Fault Detection via Alarm&Event Tracing from NMS or


SCN-LT
The following paragraphs give an overview about the corrective maintenance that can
be performed by means of SCN-LT or NMS.
The SCN software architecture includes Alarm and Event Management in the frame of
the O&M stack.
SCN hardware alarms are detected, filtered and notified to a Local Event Manager.
This manager is responsible for collecting and filtering different alarms originating from
the same hardware entity and for sending the selected alarms to a Global Event
Manager. This is a single task in the software that gathers all kind of alarms (HW and
SW) coming from the Local Event Managers and the objects managed by the SCN,
BS and TRX. After this collection phase it filters the detected alarms and sends the
related notification messages to the NMS/LT.
Further details about Event & Alarm Tracing can be found in the SCN Local Terminal
User Guide or the NMS User Guide.

5.3.2.1 Alarm Reports via SCN-LT


For details concerning message display and format, reference should be made to the
SCN Local Terminal User Guide or the NMS User Guide.

5.4 KVM TROUBLESHOOTING


Console Switch provides a series of indications both through front panel LED
indicators and wrong operative behavior. The following table illustrates Console
Switch malfunctioning.

Tab. 5.2: Console Switch Troubleshooting

Symptom Probable Cause Solution

Bad connection Check cable connection


No front panel lights
Power ON the CPU (if
CPU not powered ON
possible)

Channel light flashes CPU not powered ON for that Power ON the CPU.
continuously channel Activate Skip function.

No video display for Loose video connection(s) Check and reconnect cables.
one or all CPUs Monitor problems Check monitor directly

Hot Key Mode works only with


Unit does not activate
Keyboard PS/2 or Extended AT-style
Hot Key Mode
keyboards
Toggle the Scan button so that
Unable to select
Scan function is active the light above the button is
channel
OFF.

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5.5 UNIT REPLACEMENT


Should it be necessary to replace a unit, the operator must follow the most appropriate
procedure according to the instructions given in the following sub-sections.

5.5.1 Industrial PC replacement


The replacement of the Industrial PC (TSU, AS or GWc units) does not require
switching off the SCN Plus equipment. However it requires the usual shutdown
procedure required by a normal PC.
To replace the PC shelf follow this procedure:
Connect a mouse, a keyboard and a monitor to the PC to be replaced and
operate the usual shutdown procedure.
Switch off the unit via its power switch.
Switch off the associated breaker on the PDU.
Remove all cables connecting the unit to other items.
Remove the four M6x12 fixing cross-screws with their cup washers fixing the unit
to the rack.
Carefully slide the unit onto the supporting guides of the rack and extract it.
Insert the new PC (already configured properly; refer to the SCN Plus Setting up
and Start up Guide) into the rack by sliding it onto the guides and tighten the
fixing screws on its front panel. Refer for details to the installation instructions
given in the SCN Plus Installation Guide.
Restore all cables previously connected to the former defective unit.
Switch on the associated breaker.
Switch on the front panel power switch of the PC.
Connect a mouse, keyboard and monitor to the unit (refer to the following figure).
Run all required SW applications according to the instructions given in SCN Plus
Setting up and Start up Guide.

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5.5.2 PC Battery Replacement


The system battery is designed to provide years of service without replacement.
However, if configuration or clock-related inconsistencies occur, the battery may need
to be replaced.
The motherboard (PB100BX) utilizes a CR2032 lithium (Li/MnO2) coin battery. This
3-volt battery provides power to retain the correct date, time, and computer
parameters in CMOS when the system is powered-off. This information assists the
BIOS in performing initialization and configuration during power-on or reset
operations.
The battery must be used or stored within the temperature specifications
outlined in Technical Handbook
Due to risk of fire or explosion, do not attempt to recharge, force open, or heat
the battery. There is danger of explosion if the battery is incorrectly installed.
Replace the battery only with the same or equivalent type. Reference the battery
manufacturer packaging or labeling for further cautions and warnings.

To replace the battery it is necessary to remove the Motherboard from the PC.
Remove the battery from its housing by making lever with plastic pliers.
Put a new battery in to its housing and pay attention to place the poles correctly.
The positive pole must be placed up.

Reinstall the motherboard into the PC

5.5.3 Replacement of Power Distribution Unit


To replace the PDU it is necessary to shutdown the SCN Plus equipment.

Before proceeding to the replacement of the PDU the SCN Plus must
be disconnected from the -48 VDC external power supply source.

To replace the PDU follow this procedure:


Shutdown the SCN Plus equipment according to the instructions given in section
-Shut-down.
Disconnect the power supply cable(s) from the external -48 VDC power supply
source incoming at the LINE connector on the rear side of the unit.

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Remove all cables connecting the PDU to other items. Refer to the chapter -
Technical Description of this handbook for the associated power supply and
grounding cabling diagrams.
Remove the four M6x12 fixing cross-screws with their cup washers fixing the
PDU to the rack and extract the unit from the rack. Note that the unit is not
mounted on supporting guides.
Insert the new unit into the rack.
Restore all cables previously connected to the former defective unit.
Reconnect the power supply cable(s) delivering the -48 VDC to the cabinet.
Power on the SCN Plus equipment according to the instructions given in - Start-
up.

5.5.4 KVM Switch


Turn OFF the LCD monitor by proper power switch.
Remove all the cables from the rear side of the KVM, and annotate the cables
position to be able to correctly restore the cabling
Remove the front M6x12 fixing cross-screws with their cup washers

From the front side of the cabinet close the monitor and be sure that the unit is
firmly inserted into the cabinet

Extract the unit from the rack by sliding it onto supporting guides.

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Insert the new unit and fasten it to the cabinet by the M6x12 fixing cross-screws.
Restore all cables that have been previously removed.

5.5.5 Replacement of Others Modules


It applies to the Relays, the Relays-ADU and to FES Units.
Remove all cables connecting the Module to other items. Refer to the chapter -
Technical Description of this handbook for the cabling diagrams.
Remove the two M6x12 fixing cross-screws with their cup washers fixing the
Module to the rack and extract the unit from the rack. Note that the unit is not
mounted on supporting guides.
Insert the new unit into the rack.
Restore all cables previously connected to the former defective unit.

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6. MODIFICATION INSTRUCTIONS

The purpose of this chapter is to give operators the instructions necessary for
performing hardware or software modifications of the SCN Plus.
Following modifications of the HW configuration of the equipment, a new configuration
procedure is required. To do this, follow the instructions given in the SCN Plus-Setting
up and Start up Guide.

6.1 INTRODUCTION
The TETRA SCN Plus hardware and software configuration changes according to the
specific network topology and the type of interfaces housed in the GWc unit.
This chapter describes some examples of HW configurations and the procedures to
expand the HW configuration of the equipment.

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6.2 HARDWARE UPGRADING


The following table shows the composition of the SCN Plus and highlight the items
that may be added to the basic configuration in order to perform an Hardware
Upgrading.

Tab. 6.1: SCN Plus composition

Qty
Main Elements Non-Red Red
Extraction FAN array 1 1
Suction FAN array 1 1
FAN Control Unit 1 1
PDU 9 + 9 with Alarm 1HE 1 1
Power Filter Module 1 1
Relays-ADU Unit 1 1
Administrative Server 1 2
Raid Box 0 0 to 1
GWc Unit 0 to 2 0 to 2
KVM Switch Module 1 1
Relays Module 1 1 to 4
TSU Unit 1 to 2 2 to 8
FES Unit 1 2
Power Supply Terminal Board 2 2
Door sensor kit 2 2

As showed in the above tables the Non-Redunded SCN Plus may be upgraded by
added the following items to the basic configuration:
GWc (1 or 2 units may be added to the basic configuration)
TSU (1 unit may be added to the basic configuration)

The Redunded SCN Plus may be upgraded by added the following items to the basic
configuration:
Raid BOX (1 unit may be added to the basic configuration)
GWc (1 or 2 units may be added to the basic configuration)
Relays (up to 3 units may be added to the basic configuration according to the
number of TSU units)
TSU (up to 6 unit may be added to the basic configuration)

Obviously it is also possible to upgrade the SCN Plus Non-Redundant configuration in


order to obtain the SCN Plus Redunded Configuration.

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6.3 SOFTWARE UPGRADING


Software upgrading on the SCN Plus equipment involves upgrading of the software
running on the TIU.
Instructions to upgrade the application software can be found in the SCN Plus Setting
up and Start up Guide.

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WORDBOOK

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Summary

LIST OF ACRONYMS ................................................................................. V

GLOSSARY ........................................................................................... XIII

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LIST OF ACRONYMS

4w-E&M 4 wires Ear & Mouth


A/D Analogue to Digital
AACH Access Assignment Channel
AC Alternate Current
ACCH Associated Control Channel
ADU Alarm Display Unit
AGC Automatic Gain Control
AGP Accelerated Graphics Port
AMI Alternate Mark Inversion
AP Access Priority
API Application Programming Interface
ARFA Allied Radio Frequency Agency
ASM Assembler
ASSI Alias Short Subscriber Identity
ATA Advanced Technology Attachment
ATSI Alias TETRA Subscriber Identity
AUI Attachment Unit Interface
AWGN Additive White Gaussian Noise
B channel ISDN signalling channel
BB BaseBand
BBK Broadcast block
BCCH Broadcast Control Channel
BER Bit Error Rate
BLE Base Link Entity
BNC Bayonet Neill-Concelman
BNCH Broadcast Network Channel
BRI Basic Rate Interface
BS Base Station
BSCH Broadcast Synchronisation Channel
BU Bad Urban
CB Control (uplink) Burst
CC Call Control
CCITT Comit Consultatif International Tlgraphique et Tlphonique
CCK Common Cipher Key
CDB Configuration Database containing updated information on the status of
TETRA specific network elements

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CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardisation


CEPT European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations
CFM Cubic Feet per Minute
CLCH Common Linearisation Channel
CLNP Connectionless Network Protocol
CLR Central Location Register
CM Cluster Manager
CMCE Circuit Mode Control Entity
CO Central Office
Codec Coder/Decoder
CONP Connection Oriented Network Protocol
CoU Class of Usage priority levels for scanning lists defined by MS
CPE Customer Premises Equipment
CPU Central Processor Unit
CTbus Computer Telephone bus
CTI Computer Telephony Integration
D channel ISDN traffic channel
D/A Digital to Analogue
DAC Dispatcher Audio Console
DC Dispatch Console (also Direct Current)
DCE Data Communication Equipment
DCK Derived Cipher Key
DGNA Dynamic Group Number Assignment
DID Direct Inward Dialling
DM Direct Mode
DMO Direct Mode Operation
DQPSK Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
DRAM Dual Random Access Memory
DS0 Digital Signal level 0 a 64K/bit digital channel
DSP Digital Signal Processor
DTE Data Terminal Equipment
DTMF Dual Tone Multi Frequency
E&M Ear & Mouth
e.m.f. Electro-motive force
ECCH Extended Control Channel
EEPROM Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
EIDE Enhanced Intelligent Drive Electronics
EIU Elementary Interface Unit
EMC Electro-Magnetic Compatibility
EMI Electro-Magnetic Interference
ENIA Enhanced Network Interface ASIC

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ERM Event Reporting Module


ESD Electro-Static discharge
ESI Encrypted Short Identity
ETS European Telecommunication Standard
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
EX/CPU Communications and Control Card
EXS Expandable Switching System
F/W Firmware
FACCH Fast Associated Control Channel
FCC Federal Communication Commission
FEC Forward Error Correction
FFS Flash File System
FIFO First In First Out (buffer)
FIR Finite Impulse Response
FM Frequency Modulation
FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
GAL Gate Array Logic
GB Guard Band
GCK Group Cipher Key
GND Ground
GPS Global Positioning System
GPU Gateway Processing Unit
GSM Global System for Mobile communications
GSSI Group Short Subscriber Identity
GTSI Group TETRA Subscriber Identity
GW Gateway
H/W Hardware
HD High Density
HDD Hard Disk Device
HDLC High Level Data Link Control
HLR Home Location Register
HPI Host Port Interface
HPR Hand-Portable Radio
HSCN Home Switching and Control Node
I/F Interface
I/O Input/Output
IC Integrated Circuit
IDE Intelligent Drive Electronics
IEC International Electrotechnical Committee
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IPMI Intelligence Platform Management Interface

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ISA Industry Standard Architecture


ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
ISI Inter-System Interface
ISSI Individual Short Subscriber Identity
ITSI Individual TETRA Subscriber Identity
IUSP Internal Unified Signalling Protocol
K Authentication Key
LA Location Address
LAN Local Area Network
LAPD Link Access Procedure for the D Channel
LB Linearisation Burst
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
LED Light Emitting Diode
LLC Logical Link Control
LLH LAPD Link Handler
LMN Land Mobile Network
LNA Low Noise Amplifier
LNM Local Network Management
LRS Logging Recorder System
LS Line Station
lsb Least significant bit
LSC Local Switching Centre
LSI Line Station Interface
LTR Line Transformer Unit
LVD Low Voltage Differential
MAC Medium Access Control
MCC Mobile Country Code
MCCH Main Control Channel
MER Message Erasure Rate
MIB Management Information Base
MLE Mobile Link Entity
MM Mobility Manager
MMI Man Machine Interface
MNC Mobile Network Code
MPU Multi-Processor Unit
MRU Mobile Radio Unit
MS Mobile Station
msb most significant bit
MSC Main Switching Centre
MSCS Microsoft Cluster Server
MSDB Mobile Subscriber Database
MT Mobile Termination
MTBF Mean Time Between Failures

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MTU Mobile Termination Unit


MUX Multiplexer
NDB Normal Downlink Burst
NEIP Network Element Interface Protocol
NMC Network Management Centre
NMI Network Management Interface
NMS Network Management System
NC Normally Closed
NO Normally Open
NRZ Non Return to Zero
NSAP Network Service Access Point
NT Network Termination
NUB Normal Uplink Burst
NVRAM Non-Volatile Random Access Memory
O&M Operations and Maintenance
ODEC Oil Dispatch Emergency Communications system
OSI Open System Interconnect
OSPF Open Shortest Path First
OTAP Over The Air Programming
p.w. psophometric weighted
P/N Part Number
PA Power Amplifier
PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange
PAIP PSOS Application IP
PAMR Public Access Mobile Radio
PC Personal Computer
PC Protocol Control (also Personal Computer)
PCB Printed Circuit Board
PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect
PCM Pulse Code Modulation
PD Packet Data
PDN Packet Data Network
PDO Packet Data Optimised
PDU Power Distribution Unit
PDU Protocol Data Unit (also Power Distribution Unit)
PEB PCM Expansion Bus
PEI Peripheral Equipment Interface
PGS Priority Group Scanning - a mechanism by which an MS simultaneously
attaches to a list of MS groups
PICMG PCI Industrial Computer Manufactured Group
PIN Personal Identification Number
PLL Phase Locked Loop

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PMR Private Mobile Radio


PPC Pre-emptive Priority Call
PPM Pulse Per Million
PRC Primary Reference Clock
PRI Primary Rate Interface
PRP Programming Package
PSC Power Supply Card
PSOS+ pS real time operating system
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
PSU Power Supply Unit
PTN Private Telephone Network
PTT Press To Talk
PUK PIN Unblocking Key
PWR Power
QS Quasi Synchronous
R2 Register Trunk Signalling
RA Rural Area
RAID Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks
RAM Random Access Memory
RD Read
RF Radio Frequency
RFDT Radio Frequency Dispatch Terminal
RM Resource Manager
RPS Replay Station or LAN switch Redundant Power System
RPS S/A Stand Alone Replay Station
RSCN Regional SCN
RSSI Radio Signal Strength Indication
RU Radio Unit (equivalent to MS)
RX Receive/Receiver
SACCH Slow Association Control Channel
SAF-TE SCSI Accessed Fault Tolerant Enclosures
SAGE Security Algorithms Group of Experts
SAP Service Access Point
SB Synchronisation Burst
SC Site Controller
SCbus Signal Computing Bus
SCCH Secondary Control Channel
SCH Signalling Channel
SCK Static Cipher key
SCLNP Specific Connectionless Network Protocol
SCN Switching and Control Node
SCSA Signal Computing System Architecture

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SCSI Small Computer System Interface


SDB Subscriber Database
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SDM Short Data Message
SDRAM Synchronous Dynamic RAM
SDS Short Data Service
SES SCSI Enclosure Services
SF Stealing Flag
SIM Subscriber Identity Module
SINAD Signal to Noise Ratio
SNAF Sub-Network Access Function
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SRC Sub-rate Switching Card
SS Supplementary Service
SSDB Static Subscriber Database
SSI Short Subscriber Identity
STCH Stealing Channel
SVE SCSI Video Ethernet
SW Software
SwMl Switching and Management Infrastructure
SWR Standing Wave Ratio
SYSINFO System Information broadcast PDU
TAA1 TETRA Authentication Algorithm 1
TCH Traffic Channel
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
TDM Time Division Multiplexing
TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
TE Terminal Equipment
TEA1 TETRA Encryption Algorithm 1
TEA2 TETRA Encryption Algorithm 2
TEI TETRA Equipment Identifier
TETRA TErrestrial Trunked RAdio
TIA Telecommunication Industry Association
TIU TETRA Interface Unit
TMN Telecommunications Management Network
TMO Trunked Mode Operation
TMV-SAP Tetra MAC virtual SAP
TRX Transmitter/Receiver
TSI TETRA Subscriber Identity
TSU TETRA Switching Unit
TTL Transistor Transistor Logic
TU Typical Urban
TX Transmitter

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UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter


UDP User Datagram Protocol
UPS Un-interrupted Power Supply
V+D Voice plus Data
VAD Voice Activity Detection
VASSI Visitor ASSI
VATSI Visitor ATSI
VC Virtual Call
VGA Video Graphics Array
VGSS Visitor GSSI
VGTSI Visitor GTSI
VHDC Very High Density Connector
VLR Visitors Location Register
VMR Vehicle Mounted Radio
VP Voice Processing
VR Vehicle Radio
VSSI Visitor Short Subscriber Identity
VSWR Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
WAN Wide Area Network
WDS WAN Dispatcher Station (OTE terminology) for DC
WDT Watch Dog Timer
WFQ Weighted Fair Queuing
WPS Working Profile Subset a collection of group identities stored in the
Mobile Station (MS-DB)
WR Write
wrt with respect to

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GLOSSARY

Air interface The TETRA defined standard high-frequency interface between a base
station and a mobile station, or between mobile stations mutually.
Call delay [End-tot-end Call delay means the time difference between the speech input by the
delay] sending party, to be transmitted via the peripheral equipment, and the
received speech from the loudspeaker of the peripheral equipment of the
receiving party.
Cell The coverage area which is provided by a base station.

Channel 1. A (duplex) frequency pair consisting of a transmission and a reception


frequency, (thus) of two carriers. In TETRA there exist in each carrier
four time slots.
2. In TETRA, and in TDMA systems generally, a channel represents a
pair of similarly numbered locks on the up- and downlink duplex
frequencies.
Cluster A geographical area, consisting of a number regions (administrative units of
the user organisations) in which an implementation route of the mobile
radio system takes place.
Common cipher key A key which is generated and is used by the fixed infrastructure for air
(CCK) interface encryption of the downlink of group calls.

Derived cipher key A key which is derived during the authentication of an individual network
(DCK) address and is used for the air interface encryption of the upand downlink
of an individual call and the uplink of a group call.
Direct Mode Communication between mobile stations mutually, using radio frequencies
that fall outside the control of the network, and without intervention of a
base station.
Downlink. The radio channel from a base station to a mobile peripheral equipment

Encryption The cryptographic conversion of clear speech or data into encrypted


speech or data so that the content of the message is no longer identifiable
Frequency channel A section of the frequency spectrum that is reserved for the transmission of
signals, and which is defined by a center frequency and an associated
bandwidth, or by an equivalent indication.
Group Call A group call is a speech call among several users. It is realised making a
call from an individual user toward a group.
Half duplex call In half duplex call, each MS or LS needs to ask for permission to transmit
for each transaction. In TETRA trunked mode operation half duplex means
two frequency simplex operation.
Handover The action of the switching of a communication session from one cell to
another cell or between radio channels in a cell. Handover makes it
possible to maintain a communication session when the mobile stations
concerned move from one cell to another cell, or switch between radio
channels in a cell. See also cell reselection.
Individual Call An individual speech call is a bi-directional point to point connection
between two terminal equipment such as: Mobile Station, Dispatchers,
PABX / PSTN gateways.

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ISDN (Integrated ISDN is a set of CCITT/ITU standards for digital transmission over ordinary
Services Digital telephone copper wire as well as over other media. There are two levels of
service: the Basic Rate Interface (BRI), intended for the home and small
Network)
enterprise, and the Primary Rate Interface (PRI), for larger users. Both
rates include a number of B-channels and a D-channels. Each B-channel
carries data, voice, and other services. Each D-channel carries control and
signalling information.
Late Entry (LE) During a multipoint speech call, the TETRA network can send LE
indications related to that call, to allow latecomer users to join the ongoing
speech call.
Location Area The area in the radio coverage of a base station or group of base stations
in which it is permitted to operate a mobile station.
Pre-emptive Priority Call According to this service, several calls may be pre-empted to satisfy the
higher priority call. This means that those calls are shut down, and the
traffic channels are allocated for other high-priority tasks.
Priority Call This service allows the infrastructure to give priority access to network
resources to calls which have been sent with priority status.
Short Data Service Service allowing a subscriber (MS or Dispatcher) to send pre-defined and
(SDS) user defined short messages to another subscriber or group of subscribers.

Static Cipher Key (SCK) A pre-established and distributed key for air interface encryption. The static
cipher key is the only key that can be used for air interface encryption in
direct mode.
Subscriber An employee of one of the user organisations, that uses the services of the
network.
TETRA Equipment An electronic serial number that is permanently embedded in the TETRA
Identity (TEI) equipment. A TEI is embedded in both MSs (in the MT) and in LSs (in the
NT).
TETRA Subscriber A global TETRA network address that is used to identify an individual or a
Identity (TSI) group subscriber within the domain of all TETRA networks. A valid TSI
refers to a TSI that has been allocated by the network where it is being
used (see figure 25 for addressing domain).
Trunked mode A method of working where peripheral equipment can communicate via the
network air interface, under the control of the network fixed infrastructure.
Uplink The radio channel from mobile peripheral equipment to a base station.

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