For the fulfillment of the aims raised in the project of on the water balance sheet in the basin

of the Rio Guayas using hydrological models, it is fundamental to possess the basic information
necessary (minim) for, to define the experimental area to realize the calibration and validation
of the raised model. Once defined to the available information, one proceeded the
experimental area of agreement to the experimental basin subdivide in sub basins or mike
smaller and homogeneous basins of such a way of realizing a characterization of them. Every
hydrological unit presents morphologic own characteristics that separate it from others,
nevertheless the physical laws that apply in the nature are applicable to all the basins of the
world.

The interpretation and measurement of these natural laws, the morphologic knowledge of the
area of study and the relation of these in the environment they allowed, by means of the
application of technologies of simulation (models), to predict the hydrological behavior of the
basin.

The basin works as a collector who receives water of the rainfall (rain or snow) and transforms
it into runoff. During this transformation, there take place water losses that are depending on
the physical conditions of the basin and of the climatic characteristics of the zone. From the
hydrological point of view, there interests the volume of runoff (water balance sheet) and also
the distribution in the time (hidrograma), that are functions of these conditions and
characteristics.

Analysis of consistency of information

The information pluviomtricos to monthly level, they were processed in order to determine
his reliability and consistency, which understands the production of tables with average values
to monthly and annual level, the construction of histograms, curves of double mass and
statistical tests, in order to identify and if it is necessary to quantify inconsistencies, jumps or
trends of the information.

Determination of the gradient pluviomtrico

Due to the scanty quantity of stations that register or measure the rainfall in you are basins it
was necessary to determine a gradient pluviomtrico, that is an indicator of great importance
that allows to have an idea of the variation of the rainfall in relation with the altitude.

Estimation of the rainfall to monthly level

Analyzed the annual information of the historical series, is proceeded to complete the monthly
lacking values in the series, which were generated on the basis of percentage weight of each
one of the months on every station. The average rainfall areal can be estimated by the
methods: Arithmetic mean; Polygon of Thiessen and of Isoyetas, in the study that of Isoyetas
will be in use. Obtained the punctual values of rainfall, one proceeded to plotear in a map the
stations and his quantities of rain, then it is interpolated to obtain isolneas of equal value
pluviomtrico.
Estimation of the evapotranspiracin

The determination of this variable, it can be realized by means of the application of empirical
formulae, developed by different investigators that wanting to find the practical way of
describing conceptual each of the variables that affect in direct form in the water loss.

Analysis of the flow and determination of the Caudal run-off

For the utilization of the water resource, it is necessary to know in a given point or in the exit
of the basin, the available flow from the rainfalls. The problem is seemingly simple, but it is not
like that for it there have been designed a series of methodologies that go from the simplest to
the most complex, since: isolineas of run-off, specific flows, generation for models of
simulation rainfall - run-off, etc.

Water balance sheet

The Water Superficial Balance sheet of the basins of the rio Guayas, it was realized to a
temporary monthly scale, which relates the following variables:

P: Rainfall in mm.

ET: Evapotranspiracin in mm.

Esc: It represents the superficial exit of the basin or contributions of the Fluvial Network, in
mm.

S: I change storage in mm.