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FACULTAD DE INGENIERA
ESCUELA DE INGENIERA MECNICA ELCTRICA
Profesor:
Ing. Alejandro Segundo Vera Lazaro
Estudiante:
Cristian Villegas Bustamante
CHICLAYO 2017
1. Una barra de 1 pulgada de acero AISI 1006 de 0 30 Kip, esmerilado y
tiene un = 1,75. Para 106 ciclos a ms. Hallar , as como el factor de
seguridad que protege contra la fatiga y es fluencia del primer ciclo. Dibujar la
recta de Gerber y ASME-elptica.
Datos de tabla
= 48
= 41
30 + 0
= = = 15
2
30 0
= | | = = 15
2
= 1,34
= 0,085
= ( ) = = 1,34 (48)0,085 = = 0,96
= ( )( )( )( )( )( )( )( )
= (0, 96)(1)(0.85)(1)(1)(1)(24)
= 19,67
= 19,099 = 19,099
Fluencia
= ( ) = ( )
= 19,099(1,75) = 19,099(1,75)
= 33,42 = 33,42
a) Factor de Seguridad
2
1 2 (2)( )( )
= ( ) ( ) [11 + ( ) ]
2 ( )( )
2
1 48 2 8.39 (2)(33,42)(19,67)
= ( ) ( ) [11 + ( ) ]
2 33,42 17.35 (48)(33,42)
= 0,51 (Gerber)
41
=
33,42 + 33,42
= 0,613
Lnea de Carga r
=
33,42
=
33,42
=1
Para hallar las coordenadas de la interseccin
2
( 2 )( )2 (2)()
= [11 + ( ) ]
2( ) ()( )
2
(12 )(48)2 (2)(19,67)
= [11 + ( ) ]
2(19,67) (1)(48)
= 17,16
=
17,16
=
1
= 17,16
2
( )2 (2)( ) ( )
= [11 + ( ) (1 )]
2( ) ( ) ( )
2
(48)2 (2)(19,67) (41)
= [11 + ( ) (1 )]
2(19,67) (48) (19,67)
= 28,045
La Pendiente Crtica
=
= 41 28,045
= 12,96
r Crtico
=
12,96
=
28,045
= 0,46
1
=
2 2
( ) + ( )
1
=
33,42 2 33,42 2
(19,67) + ( 41 )
= 0,53
2
()2 ( )2 ( )
= 2
( )2 + ()2 ( )
= 17,73
=
17,73
=
1
= 17,73
r Crtico
2
2( ) ( )2
= 2
( )2 + ( )
2(41)(19,67)2
=
(19,67)2 + (41)2
= 15,34
= 41 15,34
= 25,66
r Crtico
=
15,34
=
25,66
= 0,597
2 2. 2
= 0.5 ( )
(1 + 1 + ( ) )
.
= 1.53358528
44
= = = 1.581579826
+ 10.28140932 + 17.53358528
2 . 2 2. 2
=
[1 + 1 + ( ) ]
2. .
Donde:
a
= = 0.586206897
m
= 15.757418
15.757418
= = = 26.89736012
0.586206897
Verificando el factor de seguridad:
26.89736012
= = = 1.53358528
17.53887473
= 29.2164266
= = 44 29.2164266 = 14.78357
14.7835
= = = 0.5060021
29.2164
b) Repitiendo el mismo procedimiento para la recta ASME-elptica
para la fatiga
1
= = 1.594616
10.28140932 2 17.53887 2
( 21.23711 ) + ( 44 )
a) Con = 0.5862
(0.5862)2 (21.23711)2 (44)2
= = 16.3948
(21.23711)2 + (0.5862)2 (44)2
16.3948
= = = 27.96777035
0.5862
b) Verificando el factor de seguridad de fatiga
16.3948
= = 1.5946
10.2814
Como antes, se calcular rcrit
2(44)(21.23711)2
= = 16.62717
(21.23711)2 + (44)2
= = 44 16.62717 = 27.3728255
16.62717
= = = 0.607433
27.37282
De nuevo se comprueba que es menor a r con lo que se demuestra que la
fatiga ocurre primero con = 1.5946.
RECTA DE FATIGA DE GERBER
50
45
0, 41
40
35
30
25 20.5, 20.5
0, 19.67113689
20 28.04317023,
12.95682977
15
17.1577128, 17.1577128
10
5
41, 0 48, 0
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
50
48, 48
45
40 0, 41
35
30
10
0 0, 0 41, 0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
3. Una barra de 3 pulgadas de acerr AISI 1060 de 20 80 Kip, est como
sale de la forja y tiene un = 1.98.
Para 106 ciclos a ms. Hallar , as como el factor de seguridad que
protege contra la fatiga y es fluencia del primer ciclo. Dibujar la recta de Gerben
y Asme
De la Tabla A-20
= 98
= 54
20 + 80
= = = 50
2
20 80
= | | = = 30
2
= 39,9
= 0,995
= ( ) = = 39,9 (98)0.995 = = 0,41658
= ( )( )( )( )( )( )( )( )
= (0,41658)(0,85)(1)(1)(1)(0,5)(98)
= 17,35
= 4,24 = 7,07
Fluencia
= ( ) = ( )
= 4,24(1,98) = 7,07(1,98)
= 8,39 = 13,99
a) Factor de Seguridad
2
1 2 (2)( )( )
= ( ) ( ) [11 + ( ) ]
2 ( )( )
2
1 98 2 8.39 (2)(13,99)(17,35)
= ( ) ( ) [11 + ( ) ]
2 13,99 17,35 (98)(8,39)
= 1,9 (Gerber)
54
=
8,39 + 13,99
= 2,41
Lnea de Carga r
=
8,39
=
13,99
= 0,6
2
(0,62 )(98)2 (2)(17,35)
= [11 + ( ) ]
2(17,35) (0,6)(98)
= 16,56
=
16,56
=
0,6
= 27,6
2
( )2 (2)( ) ( )
= [11 + ( ) (1 )]
2( ) ( ) ( )
2
(98)2 (2)(17,35) (54)
= [11 + ( ) (1 )]
2(17,35) (98) (17,35)
= 39,46
La Pendiente Crtica
=
= 54 39,46
= 14,54
r Crtico
=
14,54
=
39,46
= 6,37
1
=
2 2
( ) + ( )
1
=
8,39 2 13,99 2
( ) +( )
17,35 54
=1.82
2
()2 ( )2 ( )
= 2
( )2 + ()2 ( )
= 15,29
=
15,29
=
0,6
= 24,48
r Crtico
2 ( )2
= 2
( )2 + ( )
2 54
(17,35)2
=
(17,35)2 + (54)2
= 10,11
= 54 10,11
= 43,89
r Crtico
=
10,11
=
43,89
= 0,23