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Chapter Outline

Meaning of human condition

Human Nature and The relationship of a human being
with history
Condition The human being as the thinker
The human being as the worker

Chapter Outline Meaning of human condition

The human being as a sexual being Absorbs the totality of human nature
The human being as a lover (levels: somatic, behavioral,
attitudinal)
The human being as a social being
The sense, purpose, and direction of
The relationship of a human being
human life
with God
Human condition and freedom

Purpose of human life Purpose of human life

Augustinian (p. 38) Hobbes (p. 45)

God gave man free will to decide for Determinism
himself, especially in facing moral evil or
sin.
Man must perform good rather than evil,
for man is created in the image of God.

This handout is for the exclusive use of students enrolled in PHIN10A: Philosophy of Man, 1 st Semester, AY 2017-
2018. Approval and consent from the author (corie.boongaling@lpu.edu.ph) are required prior to use for other
purposes. Page numbers indicated are from the textbook Philosophy of Human Existence (2013 ed.) by Tabin et al. 1
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The human being as a The world

historical being
Man and the world inseparably
related to each other
Heidegger
Man as historicity
Mans accessibility towards history
Not synonymous to mere movement or
mere change

The human being as the Truth

thinker
Having a brain Man discovers eternal truths through
The use of mind or intellect in the illumination of the divine light. The
understanding divine light is to the mind as the sun is
Thinking as a mental activity to the eyes. (Augustine, pp. 38-39)
The intellect, crafted by God, as the
source of understanding, sensation, and
imagination. (Descartes, p. 47)

Characteristics of truth Truth

According to existentialists Twodistinct classes of truth according

Subjective
to Aquinas (p. 42)
All objective truth is to be questioned.
Natural truths
According to Babor
Localized in the intellect Supernatural truths
Immutable
Absolute
Eternal

This handout is for the exclusive use of students enrolled in PHIN10A: Philosophy of Man, 1 st Semester, AY 2017-
2018. Approval and consent from the author (corie.boongaling@lpu.edu.ph) are required prior to use for other
purposes. Page numbers indicated are from the textbook Philosophy of Human Existence (2013 ed.) by Tabin et al. 2
 10/5/2017

The human being as the The human being as the

worker worker
Work as any activity whereby man Marx (p. 60)
exerts physical and other powers in Work as means in transforming nature
order to make something Work as a social activity
A vocation
The founding entity of man and
society

The human being as a sexual The human being as a lover

being
Sex a human activity to propagate Loveconsidered as the fundamental
life characteristic of the human persons
Sexuality as foundation of mans being-with-others
personhood

The human being as a lover The relationship of a human

being with God
True love desires the other good. Christianity (pp. 98, 101-105)
Characteristics of love, according to God as creator of everything
Apostle Paul (1 Cor. 13) The Supreme Being
When I love the other, I am saying, "I A self-existing Being, an Uncaused Being
want you to become what you want to
A Necessary being
be. I want you to realize your happiness
freely." Love, however, is not only saying The most Perfect Being
it, it is doing it. (Dy, 2012) Ultimate Cause of all beings

This handout is for the exclusive use of students enrolled in PHIN10A: Philosophy of Man, 1 st Semester, AY 2017-
2018. Approval and consent from the author (corie.boongaling@lpu.edu.ph) are required prior to use for other
purposes. Page numbers indicated are from the textbook Philosophy of Human Existence (2013 ed.) by Tabin et al. 3
 10/5/2017

The relationship of a human The relationship of a human

being with God being with God
Christianity Christianity
Augustinian (p. 38) Thomistic (p. 40)
Absolute God is simple.
good, absolute perfect, absolute
beauty, absolute intelligent, absolute God is perfect.
power, and a Being who created the God is infinite.
universe and the entire things including God is immutable.
man. God is one, without diversification within
God's self.

The relationship of a human The relationship of a human

being with God being with God
Christianity Descartesview (p.47)
Aquinas arguments proving the existence Godcreated two classes of substance that
of God (p. 41) make up the whole of reality.
Argument from Motion Thinking substances, or minds
Argument from Efficient Cause Extended substances, or bodies
Argument to Necessary Being Relied on his own clear and distinct
Argument from Gradation perception of God's existence
Argument from Design The idea of perfection

The human being as a being- The human being as a being-

with-others (social being) with-others (social being)
Five precepts (morals) in Buddhism (p. 74) Needfor re-evaluating the
Do not take the life of anything living. foundations of morality (Nietzsche, p.
Do not take anything not freely given. 55)
Abstain from sexual misconduct and
sensual over-indulgence.
Refrain from untrue speech.
Do not consume alcohol or other drugs.

This handout is for the exclusive use of students enrolled in PHIN10A: Philosophy of Man, 1 st Semester, AY 2017-
2018. Approval and consent from the author (corie.boongaling@lpu.edu.ph) are required prior to use for other
purposes. Page numbers indicated are from the textbook Philosophy of Human Existence (2013 ed.) by Tabin et al. 4
 10/5/2017

Human condition and freedom

(pp. 106-107)
Freedomconsidered as Gods gift to
human beings in their humanity
Kinds of freedom
Freedom from physical constraints or force
Freedom as one pleases
Freedom that is founded on what one is
required to do or authentic freedom

This handout is for the exclusive use of students enrolled in PHIN10A: Philosophy of Man, 1 st Semester, AY 2017-
2018. Approval and consent from the author (corie.boongaling@lpu.edu.ph) are required prior to use for other
purposes. Page numbers indicated are from the textbook Philosophy of Human Existence (2013 ed.) by Tabin et al. 5