June 13, 1944. H. E.

CARNAGUA 2,351,483
TRANSMISSION CONTROL
Filed Aug. 15, 1942

' ' @.
 Patented June 13, 1944 2,351,483

UNITED STATES PATENT orrica

2,351,483
TRANSMISSION CONTROL
Harold E. Carnagua, Muncie, Ind., assignm- to
Borg-Warner ?omration, Chicago, 111., a cor
poration of Illinois
Application August 15, 1942, SerialNo. 454,972
11 Claims. (Cl. 192-42)
My invention relates to automatic transmis the clutch at some time prior to that at which the
sions useful in automotive vehicles, and particu pump is hydraulically connected with the clutch
lady to a control mechanism therefor. to engage it. - ,
Transmissions have commonly been constructed It is also an object of my invention to provide
with a hydrodynamic coupling device, which may 5 such control mechanism which includes a gov
be either a ?uid coupling or a torque converter, ernor so connected that, at a certain speed of the
in a power train between a source of power and a 'vehicle and while the vehicle is being driven
load. A hydrodynamic coupling device in a power through the hydrodynamic device, the pump for
train of a transmission enables the automotive the clutch is caused to increase the pressure of
vehicle in which the transmission is installed to 10 ?uid against which it operates to a value su?i
be started gradually from rest and. without jerk cient for engaging the clutch, and with the gov
ing. It is common in such a transmission to pro ernor functioning at some higher speed of the
vide a clutch for directly connecting the driving vehicle to cause the clutch and its respective
.and driven elements of the hydrodynamic cou- - pump to be hydraulically connected for engaging
pling device whereby, when the clutch is engaged, 15 the clutch.
the output shaft 'of the transmission and the In its preferred form my invention comprises a
automotive vehicle are driven through the clutch hydrodynamic coupling device connected between
instead of the hydrodynamic coupling device. input and output shafts, a friction clutch also for ,
Such a clutch is provided to increase the e?lciency connecting the shafts, a pair of pumps driven by
of the transmission at ordinary driving speeds, 20 the input shaft, a conduit for connecting one of
the clutch being more e?icient than a hydro the pumps with the hydrodynamic device, a con
dynamic coupling device, and the smooth starting duit for connecting the other of the pumps with
characteristics of the latter device can be dis the friction clutch for engaging the clutch, a valve
pensed with once the vehicle is in motion. for providing an opening through which ?uid
It is an object of-my invention to provide for a 25 from the pump for the hydrodynamic device may
transmission of this type improved control mech freely discharge and for blocking the conduit be
anism for bringing the clutch into engagement tween the other pump and the clutch, with the
when the vehicle has reached ordinary operating valve in one position closing said opening and
speeds. More particularly it is an object of my blocking the conduit between. the clutch and its
invention to provide such an improved control 30 respective pump and in a second position provid
mechanism utilizing ?uid put under pressure by a ing said opening and opening the conduit between
pump for bringing the clutch, into engagement. the clutch and its respective pump, a valve for
Still more particularly it is an object of my providing an opening through which ?uid from \
invention to provide such an improved mecha the pump for the clutch may freely discharge, and
nism constructed so that the pump for controlling 35 a governor for moving the second valve to its
the clutch is operated against a ?uid pressure > closed position at a certain speed of the automo
substantially less than the pressure necessary for tive vehicle and for moving the ?rst named valve
engaging the clutch when the clutchis disen to its position opening the conduit between the
' gaged, whereby substantially less power is re clutch and its respective pump at some higher
quired to operate the pump. 40 speed of the vehicle.
, It is another object of my invention to provide, The invention consists of the novel construc
in a transmission of this type, a pump for main tions, arrangements, and devices to be hereinafter
taining the ?uid in the hydrodynamic coupling described and claimed'for carrying out the above
' device under pressure and to so construct the stated objects and such other objects as will .
control mechanism that the pump operates 45 appear from the following description of a. certain
against a pressure substantially less than that preferred embodiment of a transmission and con
necessary for maintaining the hydrodynamic de trol mechanism therefor embodying the prin
- vice in operating condition, when the drive ciples oi the invention illustrated diagrammati
through the transmission is by means of the cally in the accompanying drawing, with certain
clutch, whereby substantially less power is re of the parts of the transmission being broken
quired for driving the pump. away for convenience of illustration.
It is another object of my invention to provide Referring now to the drawing, the illustrated
such control mechanism so constructed that-the embodiment of theinvention comprises a trans
pressure of ?uid discharged by the pump for the mission having a; driving shaft II and a driven
clutch is raised to a value su?icient for operating 55 Shaft l2. It is contemplated that the transmis
 2 . ' 2,851,488

sion may be installed in an automotive vehicle is engaged to drlvingly connect the ?ywheel II
- with the driving shaft ll connected with the and the driven shaft l2. , I
engine l3 of the vehicle and with driven shaft |2 > A pump 32 is provided which is driven through
connected by any suitable means with the driving a suitable coupling 33 by a gear 3|. The gear 34
wheels of the vehicle. It is contemplated that is in mesh with and is driven by a gear 35 formed
such means for connecting the shaft l2 and the on a shaft portion 3 which is connected with
vehicle driving wheels may include change speed and rotates with the impeller It and ?ywheel ll.
gearing (not shown) by means of which the driv A second pmnp 31 which is- larger than the
ing wheels of the vehicle may be rotated at dif pump 32 is connected by a suitable coupling 38
ferent speed ratios with respect to the shaft If. 10 with the pump 32 and coupling 33 so as also to be
The shaft II is connected in driving relation driven by the gear 34.
with a ?ywheel ll which in turn is connected The pump 32 at its inlet end is connected by
with a hydrodynamic coupling device IS. The a conduit a with a ?uid sump u; The pump :2
hydrodynamic device illustrated is of the torque at its discharge end is connected by means of a
converter type and comprises an impeller It, a 15 conduit ll wth a passage 42 provided in a sta
turbine l1 and a stator it. The impeller I3 is tionary portion ll of the transmission. The
connected to be driven by the ?ywheel ll; the passage 42 connects with passages 44 provided in
turbine I1 is connected in driving relation with the periphery of the tubular shaft 20, and the
the output shaft l2 of the transmission; and the e 42 is thereby in communication with the
stator It is connected by means of a roller interior of the ?uid housing for the torque con
clutch I9 with a sleeve-like shaft 23. The shaft verter II. A pressure relief valve 45 is provided
I2 is piloted in the ?ywheel II, and the shaft 23 in the conduit ll and is connected by means of a
is disposed concentrically on and rotatably with conduit 4 with the sump It. The valve 45 is of
respect to the shaft |2. The roller clutch I3 is so any suitable construction; and it functions to
constructed that it serves to prevent backward limit ?uid pressure in the conduit 4| between the
rotation of the stator It with respect to the valve and passage 42 and also in the last named
shaft 20 but allows forward rotation on the passage, the - : v; a; 44 and the ?uid container
stator with respect to the shaft. The shaft 23 for the torque converter It to a certain maxi
is provided on its rear end with a disc portion 2| mum value,.this pressure value being su?icient
slotted on its periphery. A brake element 22 sup whereby the shaft l2 may be driven through the
ported by any suitable means (not shown) is torque converter is. When the pressure of the
provided for engaging with teeth of the portion ?uid discharged by the pump 32 is greater than
2| and thereby preventing rotation of the portion this value, a portion of the ?uid discharged by
2| and shaft 20. The brake element 22 is always the pump ?ows through the conduit 45 to the
engaged when the hydrodynamic device I! is sump ll due to action of the valve 45.
used as a torque converter. VA conduit II is provided for connecting the
Suitable housing means, shown diagrammat conduit II with the sump 40. A valve 48 com
ically in the drawing, are provided for forming prising a plunger 49 and a plunger casing 50 is
a ?uid-tight container for the elements l3, l1 provided in the conduit 41. The plunger 49 is
and ll of the toroue converter l5. With ?uid in a formed with a constricted portion 5| which serves
the container and with the impeller I6 being ro to open the passage II when the plunger is moved
tated. the toroue converter operates, as is well upwardly against the action of a spring 52 by
known to those skilled in the art, to rotate the means hereinafter to be described. As is appar
turbine I! at a speed which is dependent on the cut, the plunger 49 in its position as shown in the
speed of the impeller IS and the load on the drawing serves to block or close the passage 41.
fire pmnp 31 is connected at its inlet end with
turbine. When the load on the turbine I1 is the sump 43 by a conduit 53 and at its discharge
great, as when an automotive vehicle in which end is connected by a conduit 54 with a passage
the toroue converter is installed is being started 55 provided in the stationary portion 43 of the
from rest, the turbine I1 is rotated at a torque ton. The passage, 55 is in communica
greater than that impressed on the impe?er I tion with the passage 3| in the shaft l2 as may be
but at a speed considerably less than that of seen in the drawing. A pressure relief valve 56
the impeller. and the stator is held stationary by is provided in the conduit 54. This valve func
the clutch i8. and when the speed of the turbine tions to limit the ?uid pressure in the conduit 5|
. I1 increases, the stator rotates and the torque beyond the valve 56 to a predetermined value
converter operates as a simple ?uid coupling. which is su?icient for engaging the clutch 28,
The ?ywheel Ills provided with an annular and the valve discharges ?uid through the con
cavity 23, and a piston 2| having a bearing sur duit II to the sump 40 when the pump 31 dis
face 25 is slidably disposed in the cavity. An an charges ?uid at a pressure greater than this
nular portion 26 having a bearing face 21 is car pressure value,
ried by the ?ywheel ll, and a clutch disc 23 of A valve 53 comprising a plunger 59 and a cas
any suitable construction and non-rotatably con ing 33 therefor is provided in the conduit 54. A
nccted with the shaft I2 is disposed with itspe conduit II is provided for connecting the con
riphery between the bearing faces 25 and 21. duit I with the smnp l0, and the valve 58 is
The bearing faces 25 and 21 and clutch disc 23 disposed also in the conduit 6| as shown. The
together form a friction clutch which may be valve plunger 53 is provided with a constricted
designated as 29. The cavity 23 in the ?ywheel portion 32 which serves to open the conduit 5|.
II is connected by means of a plurality of pas when the plunger is in its upper position as
sages " (one being shown in the drawing) with shown in the drawing and which serves to open
a passage 3| in the shaft l2. The construction 70 the conduit 54 when the plunger is moved down
is such that when ?uid under pressure is forced wardly in the casing 60 against the action of a.
through the passages 3| and 33 to the cavity 23, spring 33 by means hereinafter to be described.
the piston 2| is moved rearwardly and the hear In the lower position of the plunger with the
ing faces 25 and 21 and clutch disc 23 are constricted portion 62 opening the conduit 54,
brought into engagement, whereby the clutch 2! 75 the plunger It serves block the conduit 6|.
 2,351,488 3
The valve 48 is disposed in the conduit 54 as When the engine 13 is not in operation, the
shown in the drawing. A conduit 64 is provided transm ion and controls therefor are substan- '
for connecting the conduit 54 between the valve tially i \ the positions shown in the drawing; the
48 and passage 55 with the sump 48, and the contacts 81 and 88 are open, the relay contacts
valve 48 is also disposed in this conduit. The 19 and 8-8 are upen,the valve plunger 49 is in its
valve plunger 49 is provided with a constricted lower position, the valve plunger 59 is.in its upper
portion 85 which serves, when the plunger is in ' position, the clutch 29 is disengaged, and the
its lower position as seen in the drawing. to open brake element 22 may be in its inoperative posi
the passage 84 and which serves, when the valve ' tion as shown. Prior to starting the engine, the
is in its upper position with the constricted por 10 brake element 22 is moved to its operative posi
tion 5| opening- the conduit 41, to open the con tion to brake the disc portion 2| and the shaft 28.
duit 54. In the lower position of the plunger 49, When the engine I3 is started, the ?ywheel I4,
the plunger blocks the conduit 54, and in its upper the shaft portion 35, the gears 35 and 34, and the
position, the plunger blocks the conduit 84. couplings 33 and 38 rotate, and the pumps 32
The valves 48 and 58 are controlled electrically and 31 are driven. The pumps 32 and 31 draw/
and in accordance with the speed of the auto ?uid from the sump 48 through the conduits 39
motive vehicle on which the transmission is in and 53, respectively, and discharge ?uid into the
stalled. A governor 88 is provided which is driven conduits 4| and 54 respectively. The constricted
with the propeller shaft of the vehicle and there portion 82 of the valve plunger 59 is in its upper
by also with the output shaft of the transmis 20 position opening the conduit 8|, and the ?uid
sion, and the governor is therefore responsive to discharged by the pump 31 flows through the
the speed of the vehicle. The governor is ar conduits 54 and BI back to the sump 48. The
ranged to make and break contacts 61 and '68; the valve plunger 49 is in its, lower position blocking
contacts 81 being closed at a certain speed of the the conduit 41, and the pump 32 and valve 45
vehicle, for example 10 miles per hour, and the operate to raise the ?uid pressure to and main
contacts 88 being closed at some higher speed of tain it at a predetermined value in the passages
the vehicle, for example 12_miles per hour. The 42 and 44 and thereby in the ?uid housing for
contacts 61 when made complete a circuit by the torque converter I5. With ?uid under pres
means of a lead 89 including the battery 10 of the sure in the ?uid housing for they torque con
vehicle and the energizing winding ll of a relay verter, the output shaft I 2 of the transmission is
12. The battery I8 is grounded at 13, and the driven from the ?ywheel i4 through the impeller
winding 'H is grounded at 14, and this circuit l6 and turbine [1, this drive, as hereinbefore ex
completed by the contacts 81 includes the chassis plained, beingat ?rst at an increased torque due
of the vehicle. The contacts 68 when made com to the action of the stator I-8.
plate a circuit by means of a lead 15 and the ' When the speed of the vehicle, due to the drive
movable contact arms 58a and 86b of the gov through the torque converter, has increased suf
ernor including the vehicle battery I8 and the ?ciently, the contacts 61 are closed by the gov
energizing winding 18 of a relay 11. The winding ernor to energize the relay winding II and close
16 is grounded at 18, and this circuit also includes the contacts 19. The contacts 19 when closed
the chassis of the vehicle. 40 complete a circuit including the battery I8 and
The contacts 19 of the relay [2 are closed upon windings 82 and 83, and the windings are ener
energization of the relay winding H, and these gized .to move the valve plunger 59 to its lower po
contacts serve (to complete a circuit by means of sition thereby closing the conduit BI and opening
leads 88 and 8| including the battery 18, an en the conduit 54. The valve plunger 59 on moving
ergizing coil 82, a holding coil 83, and a switch to its lower position opens the switch 84, and cur
84. As may be seen in the drawing the coils 82 rent ceases to ?ow through the coil 82, and the
and 83 are connected in parallel with both of the > plunger is maintained in its lower position by
coils being connected to the lead 8| and being current ?owing through the holding coil 83.
provided with a common ground 85. The coils 82 With the plunger in its lower position, the pres
and 83 when energized act. magnetically on the sure of ?uid in the conduit 54 between the valves
plunger 59 to pull (the plunger against the action 56 and 48 increases to its predetermined maxi
of the spring 83 to its lower position with the mum value as determined by the valve 56 which
constricted portion 52 of the plunger opening pressure is sufficient for bringing the clutch 29
the conduit '54. The switch 84 is connected in into engagement.
series with the coil 82 and normally completes When the speed of the vehicle increases still
a circuit through the coil between the lead BI and further, the contacts 68 close to complete a cir
ground 85. The switch 84 is opened by the plung cuit including the battery 18 and the winding 16
er 59 on movement thereof to its lower position. to energize the latter. The relay contacts 86 are
The contacts 88 of the relay 11 are made upon thereby closed and complete a circuit including
energization of the relay winding 18, and the 60 the battery 18 and the coils 88 and 89 to energize
contacts serve to complete a circuit by means of the latter. The coils 88 and 89 upon energization
a lead 81 and the lead v8|) including the battery move the valve plunger 49 to its upper position
18, an energizing coil 88, a holding coil 89, and a to open the conduits 41 and 54 and to close the
switch 98. The coils 88 and 89 are connected in conduit 64. The plunger 49 on such movement
parallel, both being connected with the lead 81 6. opens the switch 98'whereby current ceases to
and being provided with a common ground 9|. ?ow through the coil 88, and the coil 89 remains
The coils upon energization act magnetically energized to hold the plunger 49 in its upper posi
upon the plunger 49 to draw the plunger upward tion. With the plunger 49 in its upper position,
ly against the action of the spring 52 to its upper and with the plunger 59 remaining in its lower
position with the constricted portion 5i of the position, ?uid flows through the conduit 54 and
plunger opening the conduit 41. The switch 98 passages 55, 3| and 38 to move the piston 24 rear
is connected in series with the coil 88 and is nor wardly to engage the clutch 29. The output shaft
mally closed. The plunger 49 upon movement l2 of the transmission is then driven from the ?y
to its upper position operates to open the switch wheel l4 and through the clutch 29. With the
75 plunger 49 in its upper position, ?uid from the
 4 2,351,483
torque converter ?ows through the passages 44 limited, to provide such a clutch having clutch
and 42 and conduit 41 to the sump 45. engaging means operated by fluid under a pres,
When the speed of the vehicle is decreased to sure less than atmospheric pressure.
open the contacts 54,- the winding 15 is deener I claim:
gized, the contacts I. are open, the winding 58 is 1. In a transmission, the combination of an
deenergized, and the valve plunger 49 is moved input shaft, an output shaft, means for trans
by the spring 52 to its lower position, as shown mitting torque from said input shaft to said out
in the drawing. The conduit 41 is thereby put shaft and adapted to be controlled by ?uid
blocked, and the pump 32 and valve 45 operate to pressure, a pump connected by a passage with '
increase the ?uid pressure in the passages 42 and 10 said torque transmitting means for supplying
44 and in the ?uid housing of the torque con ?uid under pressure to said means, a valve in said
verter l5 .whereby the torque converter is again passage for providing an outlet through which
capable of driving the output shaft l2. With ?uid from said pump may freely discharge
the valve plunger, in its lower position, the con whereby the power required for driving said pump
stricted portion 55 of the plunger opens the con 15 is substantially reduced, and a second valve for
duit 64 wherebyl?uid drains through the passages closing said passage whereby when said ?rst valve
30, 3| and 55 and conduits 54 and 54 to disengage 'is in its outlet closing position the pressure of
the clutch 29', and the output shaft 12 is again ?uid discharged'from said pump is increased to
driven through the torque converter. a value sufficient for controlling said torque
When the speed of the vehicle is- decreased transmitting means.
still further to open the contacts 61, the winding 2. In a transmission, the combination of an
II is deenergized, the contacts]! are opened, the input shaft, an output shaft, means for transmit
coil 83 is deenergized, and the spring 63 operates ting torque from said input shaft to said output
to move the valve plunger 59 to its upper posi shaft and including a clutch, ?uid pressure re
tion. The ?uid discharged by the pump 31 may sponsive means for bringing said clutch into en
then ?ow freely through the conduit 5| to the gagement, a pump connected by a passage with
sump 40. said ?uid pressure responsive means, a valve in
The valves 4! and 54 advantageously operate, said passage for providing an outlet through
with the valve'plungers in the positions shown in which ?uid from said pump may freely discharge
the drawing, to provide an outlet by means of 30 whereby the power required for driving said pump
the conduit 5| through which ?uid from the is substantially reduced, and a second valve for
pump 31 may freely discharge when the drive closing said passage whereby when said first valve
through the transmission is through the torque is in its outlet closing position the pressure of
converter. No power is thus wasted in driving ?uid discharged from said pump is increased to
the pump 31 against .a ?uid pressure su?lcient a value su?lcient for bringing said clutch into
for engaging the clutch 29 when the clutch is engagement.
disengaged. The valves :45 and 55 advantage 3. In a transmission for an automotive vehicle,
ously operate, with the valve plunger 59 being in the combination of an input shaft, an output
its lower position and the valve plunger 49 in its shaft, a governor driven with one of said shafts,
upper position, to provide an outlet through the 40 means for transmitting torque from said input
conduit 41 through which fluid from the pump 32 shaft to said output shaft and including a clutch,
may freely discharge when the drive is through ?uid pressure responsive means for bringing
the friction clutch 25. Power is thus not un said clutch into engagement, a pump connected
necessarily used in driving the pump 32 against by a passage with said ?uid pressure responsive
?uid pressure su?lcient for a drive through the; means, a valve in said passage for providing
torque converter when the drive is through the an outlet through which ?uid from said pump
friction clutch. The governor operates to move may freely discharge whereby the power for
the valve plunger-55 to its lower position to block driving said pump is substantially reduced, and
the discharge conduit 5| at a speed lower than a valve for closing said passage whereby when
that at which the valve plunger .49 is moved to 50 said first named valve is in its outlet closing po
its upper position, and the pressure of ?uid in
sition the pressure of ?uid discharged from said
the conduit 54 between the valve 55 and valve
48 is thus increased to a value sufficient for oper pump is increased to a value su?lcient for bring
ating the clutch at a time prior to that at ing said clutch into engagement, said governor
which the valve plunger 49 moves to open the 55 being adapted to control said valves to move said
passage 54. The clutch 28 is thus brought into ?rst named valve to its outlet closing position
engagement appreciably sooner after the move at a certain speed of the shaft rotating with the
ment of the valve plunger -49 to its upper posi governor and to move said second named valve
tion than would be the case if the pressure of ?uid to its passage opening position at a higher speed
in no part of the conduit 54 were increased to 60 of said shaft.
clutch operating value by the time the valve 4. In a transmission, the combination of an in
plunger 49 is moved upwardly. put shaft, an output shaft, a clutch and a hydro
I wish it to be understood that my invention dynamic power transmitting device each for op
is not to be limited to the specific transmission eratively connecting said shafts, ?uid pressure
and control mechanism therefor shown and de responsive means for bringing said clutch into
scribed except so far as the claims may be so engagement, a pump connected by a passage with
limited as it will be apparent to those skilled in said hydrodynamic device for supplying ?uid
the art that changes may be made without de under pressure thereto, a pump connected by a
parting from the principles of my invention. In passage with said clutch engaging means for sup
particular I wish it to be understood that, al plying ?uid under pressure thereto, a valve in
though I have shown and described a clutch 29 said last named passage for providing an outlet
having a clutch engaging piston 24 operated by through which ?uid from said last named pump
a ?uid under a pressure greater than atmos may freely discharge, and a second valve for clos
' pheric pressure, it is within the scope of my in ing said last named passage whereby when said
vention, except so far as the claims may be so ?rst named valve is in its outlet closing position
"I . . //
 2,851,488 :5
the pressure of ?uid discharged from said last ,- engaging means for supplying ?uid under pres
named pump is increased to a value sufficient for sure thereto, and valve means in one condition
bringing said clutch into engagement thereof completing said ?rst passage to render
5. In a transmission for an automotive ve said hydrodynamic device effective and provid
hicle, the combination of an input shaft, an out ing an outlet for said second passage through
put shaft, a governor driven with one of said which fluid may freely discharge for maintain
shafts, a clutch and a hydrodynamic power trans ing said clutch disengaged, said valve means in
mitting device each for operatively connecting another condition thereof providing an outlet for
said shafts, ?uid pressure responsive means for said ?rst passage through which ?uid may freely
bringing said clutch into engagement, a pump l0 discharge for rendering said hydrodynamic de
connected by a passage with said hydrodynamic vice ineiiective and completing said second pas
device for supplying ?uid under pressure there sage for engaging said clutch.
to, a pump connected by a passage with said 9. In a transmission, the combination of an
clutch engaging means for supplying ?uid under input shaft, an output shaft, a pair of'means
pressure thereto, a valve in said last named pas each for transmitting torque from said input
sage for providing an outlet through which ?uid 1.5 shaft to said output shaft and each adapted to
from said pump may freely discharge, and a be controlled by ?uid pressure, a pair of pumps
valve for closing said last named passage where each connected by a passage with one of said
by when said ?rst named valve is in its outlet torque transmitting means for supplying ?uid
closing position the pressure of ?uid discharged 20 under pressure to the torque transmitting means,
from said pump is increased to a value su?icient a valve in one position thereof completing a. ?rst
for bringing said clutch into engagement, said one of said passages and blocking the second
governor being adapted to control said valves to one of said passages and in another position
move said ?rst named valve to its outlet closing thereof providing an opening in said ?rst pas
position at a certain speed of the shaft rotating 25 sage through which ?uid may freely discharge
with the governor and to move said second named and completing said second passage fora ?ow
valve to its passage opening position at a higher of ?uid therethrough, and a second valve pro
speed of said shaft. viding an opening in said second passage through
6. In a transmission, the combination of an in which ?uid may freely discharge when said ?rst
put shaft, an output shaft, a clutch and a hydro 30 named valve is in its ?rst named position.
dynamic power transmitting device each for op 10. In a transmission, the combination of an
eratively connecting said shafts, means depend input shaft, an output shaft, a clutch and a hy
ent for its operation upon ?uid under a pressure drodynamic power transmitting device each for
other than atmospheric for bringing said clutch operatively connecting said shafts, ?uid pressure
into engagement, a pump connected by a ?rst 35 responsive means for bringing said clutch into
passage with said hydrodynamic device for sup engagement, a pump connected by a ?rst passage
plying ?uid under pressure thereto, a pump con _, with said hydrodynamic device for supplying
nected by a second passage with said clutch ?uid under pressure thereto, a pump connected
engaging means for producing the operating by a second passage with said clutch engaging
pressure for the engaging means, and valve means 40 means for supplying ?uid under pressure there
in one condition completing said ?rst passage and to, a valve in one position thereof completing
providing a relief opening for said second passage said ?rst passage and blocking said second pas
to restore the pressure produced by said second sage and in another position thereof providing
named pump to atmospheric pressure, said valve an outlet through which ?uid from said ?rst
means in another condition thereof providing a 45 passage may freely discharge and completing
relief opening for said ?rst passage through said second passage for a flow of ?uid there
which ?uid may freely discharge and completing through, and a second valve in one position
said second passage for engaging said clutch. thereof providing an outlet through which ?uid
7. In a transmission, the combination of an may freely discharge from said second passage
input shaft, an output shaft, a clutch and a hy 50 and in another position thereof completing said
drodynamic power transmitting device each for second passage whereby when said ?rst named
operatively connecting said shafts, ?uid pressure valve is in its ?rst named position the pressure
responsive means for bringing said clutch into of ?uid discharged from said second named
engagement, a pump connected by a. ?rst pas pump may be increased to a value su?icient for
sage with said hydrodynamic device for supply bringing said clutch into engagement.
ing ?uid under pressure thereto, a pump con 55 11. In a transmission for an automotive ve
nected by a second passage with said clutch en hicle, the combination of an input shaft, an out
gaging means for supplying ?uid under pressure put shaft, a governor driven with one of said
thereto, and valve means in one condition there shafts, a clutch and a hydrodynamic power
of providing an outlet'for said second passage transmitting device each for operatively con
through which ?uid may freely discharge and 60 necting said shafts, ?uid pressure responsive
completing said ?rst passage, said valve means means for bringing said clutch into engagement,
in another condition thereof providing an out a pump connected by a ?rst passage with said
let for said ?rst passage through which ?uid may hydrodynamic device for supplying ?uidunder
freely discharge and completing said second pas 65 pressure thereto, a pump connected by a second
sage for engaging said clutch. passage with said clutch engaging means for
8. In a transmission, the combination of an supplying ?uid under pressure thereto, a valve
input shaft, an output shaft, a clutch and a hy in one position blocking said second passage and
drodynamic power transmitting device each for completing said ?rst passage to render said hy
operatively connecting said shafts, ?uid pressure 70 drodynamic device effective and in another po
responsive means for bringing said clutch into sition providing an outlet for said ?rst passage
engagement, a pump connectediby a ?rst pas through which ?uid may freely discharge and
sage with said hydrodynamic device for supply completing said second passage for a ?ow of
ing fluid under pressure thereto, a pump con fluid therethrough, and a second valve in one
nected by a second passage with said clutch 75 position providing an outlet for said second pas~
6 2,851,488
sage through which ?uid may ireely discharge trol said valves to move said second named valve
and in another position completing said second from its ?rst named position to its second named
passage for a ?ow or ?uid therethrough where position at a certain speed or the shaft rotating
bywhensaid?rstnamedvalveismits?rst ' with the governor and to move said ?rst named
named position the pressure or ?uid discharged valve from its ?rst named position to its second
from said secondnamed pump may be increased named position at a. higher speed or said shalt.
to a value su?icient i'or brlnsinx said clutch into
engagement, said governor being adapted to con HAROLD E. CARNAGUA.