12/3/2017 pforams@mikrotax - Globigerinoides ruber

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Globigerinoides ruber Suppress fossils
NB TAXA WHICH ORIGINATE IN THE OLIGOCENE ARE NOT INCLUDED YET
Classification: pf_neogene -> Globigerinidae -> Globigerinoides -> Globigerinoides ruber
Sister taxa: G. altiaperturus, G. bulloideus, G. conglobatus, G. diminutus, G. elongatus, G. extremus, G. mitra, G. obliquus, G. parawoodi, G. ruber, G. seigliei, G. subquadratus, G.
tenellus, G. white, G. sp.,

K_S 1983 17-1.JPG Postuma 1971 p301-4.JPG K_S 1983 10-6.JPG

Norris98 pl2-14.JPG Postuma 1971 p301-7.JPG

Taxonomy
Citation: Globigerinoides ruber (dOrbigny, 1839)
Rank: species
Basionym: Globigerina rubra
Variants:
Gs. pyramidalis (van Den Broeck) - forms with a high trochospire [according to Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]
Gs. elongatus (d'Orbigny, 1826) - forms with tightly coiled trochospire [according to Kennett & Srinivasan 1983, but now considered a separate species in the modern fauna -
SCOR WG138]
Gs. cyclostomus (Galloway and Wissler, 1927) - forms with a more compact test and relatively small aperture.[according to Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]
Catalog entries: Globigerina bulloides rubra pyramidalis; Globigerina cyclostoma; Globigerina rubra;

Type images:

lectotype: Globigerina rubra holotype: Globigerina rubra

Short diagnosis: Three chambers & pink

NB The short diagnoses are used in the tables of daughter-taxa to act as quick summaries of the differences between e.g. species of one genus. They have initially been copied from the diagnostic
characters/distinguishing features sections of the Eocene and Paleocene Atlases, they will be edited as the site is developed.

Description

Diagnostic characters: Low to high trochospiral, subspherical chambers

Aperture:
: Primary aperture interiomarginal umbilicalwide arch with rim. Supplementary sutural apertures on spiral side [Aze 2011, based on Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]

Coiling direction (in extant population): mixed

Wall type: Spinose; Cancellate [Aze 2011]

Test morphology: Test medium, low to high trochospire with three subspherical chambers in the final whorl, increasing moderately in size; sutures radial, distinctly depressed; surface
coarsely perforate; thin secondary calcite crusts surround the spine bases ; calcite crust developing between spine bases form a honeycomb-shaped surface (Pl. 10, Fig. 6); umbilicus
narrow, primary aperture interiomarginal, umbilical with a wide-arched opening bordered by a rim, with two supplementary sutural apertures situated opposite sutures of earlier
chambers. [Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]

Size: >250m

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Geographic distribution: Warm to cool subtropical. [Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]

Isotope paleobiology: Aze et al. 2011 ecogroup 1 - Open ocean mixed-layer tropical/subtropical, with symbionts. Based on very heavy 13C and relatively light 18O Cited sources (Aze
et al. 2011 appendix S3): Keller (1985); Pearson et al. (2001b); Pearson & Shackleton (1995)

Phylogenetic relations:
Gs. ruber is easily distinguished by the position of the primary and supplementary sutural apertures , which are always symmetrically placed above the suture between two earlier
chambers. During the Pleistocene to Recent, Gs. rubershows a wide range of variation in the height of the spire and tightness of the test coiling. Several taxa have been recognized to
reflect these variations - for instance, Gs. pyramidalis
(van Den Broeck) for forms with a high trochospire, Gs. elongatus
(d'Orbigny, 1826) for forms with tightly coiled trochospire , and
Gs. cyclostomus (Galloway and Wissler, 1927) for forms with a more compact test and relatively small aperture. We consider all of these forms to be phenotypic variants of . We G. ruber
believe thatGs. ruber evolved from Gs. subquadratusduring the late Middle Miocene Zone N15. Instead, Blow (1969) suggested the ancestry of Gs. ruber
to be from within Zone Gs. bolli
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Most likely ancestor: Globigerinoides subquadratus - at confidence level 3 (out of 5). Data source: Kennett & Srinivasan 1983, fig. 10.
Biostratigraphic distribution
Geological Range:
Last occurrence (top): Extant Data source: present in the plankton (SCOR WG138). NB The pink form is absent in the Pacific from 0.12Ma (Wade et al. 2011)
First occurrence (base): within N14 zone (10.46-11.63Ma, base in Serravallian stage). Data source: Chaisson & Pearson (1997)
http://www.mikrotax.org/pforams/index.php?taxon=Globigerinoides%20ruber&module=pf_neogene 1/2
12/3/2017 pforams@mikrotax - Globigerinoides ruber
Plot of occurrence data:

Range-bar - range as quoted above, pink interval top occurs in, green interval base occurs in.
Triangles indicate an event for which a precise placement has been suggested
Histogram - Neptune occurrence data from DSDP and ODP proceedings. Interpret with caution & read these notes
Taxon plotted: Globigerinoides ruber , synonyms included - Globigerinoides cyclostoma; Globigerinoides cyclostomus; Globigerinoides elongatus; Globigerinoides elongatus
pyramidalis; Globigerinoides pyramidalis; Globigerinoides ruber; Globigerinoides ruber (high); Globigerinoides ruber (pink); Globigerinoides ruber (white); Globigerinoides
ruber alba; Globigerinoides ruber albus; Globigerinoides ruber cyclostomus; Globigerinoides ruber elongatus; Globigerinoides ruber pyramidalis; Globigerinoides ruber
roseus; Globigerinoides ruber ruber; Globigerinoides ruber ruber (pink); Globigerinoides ruber ruber (white); Globigerinoides ruber s.l.; Globigerinoides ruber white form;
Globigerinoides rubra; Planorotalites elongatus; Globigerinoides ruber s.l. (white); Globigerinoides ruber (white/pink); Parent: Globigerinoides
100%
Occurrence Freq
in Neptune Data
(% of samples t
50%

0%
Globigerinoid

Q G P Z Me To Se La Bu Aq Ch Ru Pr Ba Lu Yp Th Se Da Ma Stages
1 5 1 M13 M11 M9 M6 M5 M4 M3 M2 M1 O7 O6 O5 O4 O3 O2 O1 E16E15 E14 E13 E11 E10 E8 E7 E5 E4 P5 P4 P3 P1 P.hr Zones

Ma age (GTS 20
2

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

36

38

40

42

44

46

48

50

52

54

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62

64

66
Primary source for this page: Kennett & Srinivisan 1983, p.78
References:
Aurahs, R., Gker, M.; Grimm, G.W.; Hemleben, V.; Hemleben, C.; Schiebel, R. & Kucera, M., (2009). Using the Multiple Analysis Approach to Reconstruct Phylogenetic Relationships among Planktonic Foraminifera from
Highly Divergent and Length-polymorphic SSU rDNA Sequences. Bioinformatics and Biology Insights
, 3: 155177.
Aurahs, R.; Grimm, G.W.; Hemleben, V.; Hemleben, C. & Kucera, M., (2009). Geographical distribution of cryptic genetic types in the planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides ruber. Mol. Ecol., 18: 16921706.
Globigerinoides ruber based on molecular and morphometric evidence. Mar.
Aurahs, R.; Treis, Y.; Darling, K. & Kucera, M., (2011). A revised taxonomic and phylogenetic concept for the planktonic foraminifer species
Micropaleontol. , 79: 114.
Aze, T.; Ezard, T.H.G.; Purvis, A.; Coxall, H.K.; Stewart, D.R.M.; Wade, B.S. & Pearson, P.N.P., (2011). A phylogeny of Cenozoic macroperforate planktonic foraminifera from fossil data. Biological Reviews, 86: 900-927.
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Globigerinoides ruber compiled by the pforams@mikrotax project team viewed: 3-12-2017

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