AUTOMATIC CAR GLASS WIPING SYSTEM

(Synopsis)
A windscreen wiper or windshield wiper is a device used to remove rain and
debris from a windscreen or windshield. Almost all motor vehicles, including
trains, aircraft and watercraft, are equipped with such wipers, which are usually a
legal requirement.

A wiper generally consists of an arm, pivoting at one end and with a long
rubber blade attached to the other. The blade is swung back and forth over the
glass, pushing water from its surface. The speed is normally adjustable, with
several continuous speeds and often one or more "intermittent" settings. Most
automobiles use two synchronized radial type arms, while many commercial
vehicles use one or more pantograph arms.

Advantage:

Tiny sensor on inside surface of windshield

One model fits most cars, trucks, and vans

Manual wiper control is not affected

Full range for operation from off through intermittent, slow, and fast speeds

Installs easily-- ties into the existing wiper system with just a few wires

Senses all kinds of precipitation- rain, mist, snow, or sleet

The Rain Tracker uses beams of infrared light to sense how much water hits the
windshield. It constantly adjusts the speed of the wipers so that they run just often
enough to keep the windshield clear-- from all the way off to (most applications)
high speed. This frees the driver from that task, reducing driver distraction.

The interface module gets the data from the sensor, and controls the wipers.
It uses a special computer program to control the wipers in a way that responds
quickly, but is never jerky or erratic. The interface module ties into the existing
wiper control with a few wires. An attractive low-profile switch, mounted in- or
under-dash, activates the Rain Tracker.

Diagrammatic View Of System:

Wiper Motor

Automatic Motor
Rotating Circuit
Wind
Screen
 Wiper

WaterSen
sors

System Information:
Automatic Car Wiper System Consists of a Glass Pane, on which a DC
Motor is fitted on top. The Wiping arm has foam which is used as a wiper. The
arm moves back and forth.

System always senses the water. Whenever there is water on the screen,
water flows down. On the bottom of the pane, there are sensors installed. On
sensing water, the information is send to the Circuitry and the motor is kept on till
the water gets evaporated.

The Wiper arm moves back and forth, while the motor is On. The Foam
attached to the arm soaks the water and evaporates it within minutes.

For sensing water, a comparator is used. When the water makes connectivity
between terminals, the comparator gives the output. On getting the output, circuit
controlling the Motor rotation or movement gets on and controls the motor.

DC MOTORS:
From the start, DC motors seem quite simple. Apply a
voltage to both terminals, and it spins. If you want to control which direction the
motor spins, you reverse the wires. If you want the motor to spin at half that speed,
You would use less voltage. DC motors are non-polarized - meaning that you can
reverse voltage without any bad things happening. Typical DC motors are rated
from about 6V-12V. The larger ones are often 24V or more. But for the purposes of
a robot, you probably will stay in the 6V-12V range. As we all know (or should),
voltage is directly related to motor torque. More voltage, higher the torque. But
don't go running your motor at 100V because thats just not nice. A DC motor is
rated at the voltage it is most efficient at running. If you apply too few volts, it just
wont work. If you apply too much, it will overheat and the coils will melt. So the
general rule is, try to apply as close to the rated voltage of the motor as you can.
Also, although a 24V motor might be stronger, do you really want your robot to
carry a 24V battery (which is heavier and bigger) around. So a standard
recommendation is do not surpass 12V motors unless you really need the torque.

OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER (LM324)

The LM 324 series consists of four independent, high gain, internally

frequency compensated operational amplifiers which were designed specifically to
operate from a single power supply over a wide range of voltages. Operation from
split power supplies is also possible and the low power supply current drain is
independent of the magnitude of the power supply voltage.

Application areas include transducer amplifiers, DC gain blocks and all the
conventional op amp circuits which now can be more easily implemented in single
power supply systems. For example, the LM 324 series can be directly operated
Off of the standard +5V power supply voltage which is used in digital systems and
will easily provide the required interface electronics without requiring the
additional 15V power supplies.

Unique Characteristics

In the linear mode the input common-mode voltage range includes ground
and the output voltage can also swing to ground, even though operated from
only a single power supply voltage
The unity gain cross frequency is temperature compensated
The input bias current is also temperature compensated

Advantages

Eliminates need for dual supplies

Four internally compensated op amps in a single package
Allows directly sensing near GND and VOUT also goes to GND
Compatible with all forms of logic
Power drain suitable for battery operation
COMPARATOR / SENSOR CIRCUIT WORKING
 REFERENCES
1. "The Windshield Wiper". American Heritage.
2. "Windshield Wipers". Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
3. "Mary Anderson". Encyclopedia of Alabama.
4. "Window-Cleaning Device". United States Patent and Trademark Office.
5. Robert Bosch GmbH (2009-01-16). "BoschLive". Bosch.com.au. Retrieved 2011-
09-23.
6. "Electrical Operating Circuit for Vehicle Windscreen Wipers". United States
Patent and Trademark Office.
7. "Windshield Wipers". United States Patent and Trademark Office.
8. Windshield Freed Of Snow With Alcohol Wiper", February 1931, Popular
Mechanics article bottom half of page