Installation of Oracle 11g on Linux (Red Hat Enterprise Linux – 4)

Posted by Jiltin     20 March, 2009    15,949 views   

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As we all aware that Oracle 11g is now available for installing on Linux. Yesterday, I installed &
configured the Oracle 11gR1 (11.1.0) and created the database on Linux (Red Hat Enterprise
Linux – 4.0) successfully. I would like to share the steps with my blog viewers what I have
followed to install it.

Operating System Details:

Linux – (Red Had Enterprise Linux – 4.0)

Database Version Details:

Oracle 11g Release 1 (11.1.0)

Download Software: (linux_11gR1_database.zip)

http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html

Pre-Installation Tasks:

* Prepare the stage area for Oracle Software on the Serve

—– Choose the mount point where software needs to be staged.
/u01

—– Create the stage directories and change the ownership and permissions.
Su – root
Password: xxxxx ( Enter your root password Here)
# mkdir –p /u01/11gStage
# chown –R oracle:dba /u01/11gStage
# chmod –R 755 /u01/11gStage

—– Copy the software in the stage area

ftp the downloaded Oracle 11g software in this stage area and change the ownership and
permissions.
$ cd /u01/11gStage
$ chown oracle:dba linux_11gR1_database.zip
$ chmod 755 linux_11gR1_database.zip
* Performing the pre-installation tasks
—– Check the size of physical RAM
$ grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo
Note: During the installation it will say failed when it checks the available physical RAM is less
than 900 MB , no problem even if you have less than 900MB (if it’s for testing purpose), you can
continue with the installation.

—– Check the size of SWAP space

$ grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo

—– Check the free disk space in “/tmp” directory

$ df -k /tmp

—– Check the free space available on the system

$ df –k

* Checking the Software Requirements

—– The version of Linux is installed
$ uname –a

—– Check the following required packages are installed.

binutils-2.15.92.0.2-18
compat-libstdc++-33.2.3-47.3
elfutils-libelf-0.97-5
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.97-5
glibc-2.3.9.4-2.19
glibc-common-2.3.9.4-2.19
glibc-devel-2.3.9.4-2.19
gcc-3.4.5-2
gcc-c++-3.4.5-2
libaio-devel-0.3.105-2
libaio-0.3.105-2
libgcc-3.4.5
libstdc++-3.4.5-2
libstdc++-devel-3.4.5-2
make-3.80-5
sysstat-5.0.5
unixODBC-2.2.11
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11

—– To check RPMS are installed or not.

Login as ROOT user
# rpm –q libaio-devel-0.3.105-2
# rpm –q unixODBC-devel-2.2.11
……………………………
……………………………
Like this check for all the above RPMS.

—– Install the missing packages or rpms.

First download the missing RPMS from the relavent Linux websites, or if you have the CDs with
you, used during the Linux Installation, you can use them to find the missing rpms from that.

—– To install or upgrade RPMS are installed or not.

Login as the ROOT user
# rpm –ivh unixODBC-devel-2.2.11.3-1.i386.rpm
Or
# rpm –Uvh unixODBC-devel-2.2.11.3-1.i386.rpm

* Creating Required Operating System Groups and Users

—– Check and create DBA group
Su – root
Password: xxxxx ( Enter your root password Here)
# cat /etc/group’grep dba
# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba

—– Check and create ORACLE user and assign dba group.

# cat /etc/passwd’grep oracle
# /usr/sbin/useradd –d “/home/oracle” –m –g dba –c “Oracle 11g Owner” oracle

—– Set the password of the ORACLE user

# passwd oracle

* Create Required Directories

—– The Oracle Base Directory and Oracle Home Directories
Su – root
Password: xxxxxx (Enter the password for root here)
# mkdir –p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.0.1
# mkdir –p /u02/oradata

—– Chang the owner and group of the directories

# chown –R oracle:dba /u01/app/oracle/product/11.0.1
# chown –R oracle:dba /u02/oradata

—– Change the permissions of the directories

# chmod –R 755 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.0.1
# chmod –R 755 /u02/oradata

* Configuring Kernel Parameters

—– Check the current parameters and values in /etc/sysctl.conf
# cat /etc/sysctl.conf
Note: Take a back up of this file before changing the values and parameters.
# cp –p /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf.old

—– Check and add the below parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.file-max = 76800
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000
net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144

—– To change the current values of the kernel parameters

# /sbin/sysctl -p

—– Make sure that the parameters and values in /etc/system file are set properly
# cat /etc/sysctl.conf

—– Check and set the following lines in the /etc/security/limits.conf file.

Note: Take a back up of this file before changing the values and parameters.
# cp –p /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf.old

oracle soft nproc 2047

oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

—– Add or edit the following line in the /etc/pam.d/login file, if it does not already exist
Note: Take a back up of this file before changing the values and parameters.
# cp –p /etc/pam.d/login /etc/pam.d/login .old

session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so

session required pam_limits.so

* Configuring the Oracle User’s Environment

—– Check and change the contents of .profile or .lgoin files.
$ vi .bash_profile

—– Remove the oracle environment variables set already.

—– Check the DISPLAY variable is set, if not, then set the variable.
$ echo $DISPLAY
$ DISPLAY=:0.0
$ export DISPLAY
Su – root
Password: xxxx ( Enter the root password here)
# xhost +

—– Make sure that xclock command is running

$ xlcok

Installation of Oracle Software:

* Login as oracle on the server

Su – oracle
Password: xxxxx (Oracle user password)

* Go the directory where Oracle software is staged.

$ cd /u01/11gStage

* Unzip the software file

$ unzip linux_11gR1_database.zip

* Run/Launch the runinstaller

$ cd /u02/11gStage/database
$./.runInstaller

* Answer to the subsequent wizards or screens options with the proper information

Note: Fore more instructions one creating the database using DBCA tool or Manual method,
please refer my blog link for the same.
Conclusion: I have followed the above series of steps for installing on one of Linux boxes. I
would request and suggest them to go through the referenced links below, who are willing to do
this with other options during the installation and as per their requirement.