Chapter 14 questions

1. CAQDAS assists in: Management, coding, grouping, and analysis of qualitative

data
2. Qualitative researchers personal accounts that provide insight about data
collection and scientific rigor: Confessionist tales
3. The findings of a study is said to be replicated, when: another researcher can
essentially do the same study with similar results, this helps to validate the
original researchers findings
4. A qualitative strategy involving the analysis of cases that do not fit patterns
or categories is: Negative case analysis
5. Using words versus numbers to explain phenomena is more subjective but
less labor intensive: False
a. More labor intensive
6. In phenomenological research, researchers can use realist tales,
Confessionist tales, or impressionist tales when writing: true
7. Axial coding is done: after completion of open coding
8. Reflexivity means: using a journal to record thoughts, ideas, and decisions
during qualitative data gathering
9. Qualitative researchers have an inherent obligation and contract with
participants to use data in the way that has been specified: True
10. A software program for the analysis of text-based data that is highly
regarded by qualitative researchers, particularly those doing ethnography is:
Ethnograph
 Chapter 13
1. The semi quartile range is the range of the middle 50% of the data: True
2. A type I error occurs when: researchers reject the null hypothesis when it
should have been accepted
3. The type of statistical analysis used by researchers to study the relationship
of independent variables on one dependent variable is: multiple regression
4. Z-score is: used to compare standard deviations when the units of measure
ae different or when the means of the distributions being compared are far
apart
5. To maintain ethical integrity, researchers should select statistical tests and
alpha levels in advance but should ignore incidental findings: False
6. Bivariate analysis is performed to describe the relationship between two
variables that can be expressed in contingency tables or with other statistical
tests: True
7. Inferential statistical test used when the level of measurement is interval or
ratio and more than two groups are being compared is: ANOVA
8. When data distribution is skewed, the peak of data is not at the center of the
distribution
9. A statistical range is considered to be an unstable measure of variability
because: range is very sample specific
10. Which of the following is calculated by dividing the frequency of an
event by the total number of events? Percentage distribution
 Chapter 6
1. Double-blind experimental designs have been used in health research to
control for threats of reactivity: True
2. Random assignment Means all subjects in the sample (not the population)
have an equal chance of being assigned to either the treatment or the
control group
3. When extraneous variables influence and distort the relationship between
the IV and the DV: Bias results so that the findings are not really reflecting
the true relationship
4. Cohort comparison designs allow researchers to draw conclusions about
variables over time even though data were collected at only one point in
time: True
5. Cross-sectional designs are the research designs where researchers look back
in time to determine possible causative factors; ex post facto: False
(Retrospective designs)
6. Multicausality means: a problem with an outcome that has many causes
7. Which one is a threat to internal validity? Statistical conclusion validity
8. The type of study in which subjects receive more than one experimental
treatment and are then followed over time is: crossover designs
9. In experimental designs, independent variable is considered to be the
intervention, or treatment that is being tested in an experimental study
10. If subjects during the study on condom use came of age to obtain a
drivers license and get a job, it would be difficult to determine whether an
increase in condom use was a result of the IV or of the subjects increased
ease of purchasing condoms for use. This condition indicates: Threat of
maturation
Chapter 7
1. A quasi-experimental design where one group is measured prior to
administering the intervention and then multiple times after the intervention
time series design
2. Determining the strategies to effectively organize, manage, finance, and
deliver high-quality care are goals of: Health services research
3. The goals of health services research are to determine strategies to
effectively organize, manage, finance, and deliver high-quality care. True
4. Translational research aims at: linking research findings to the point of care
5. Nonexperimental designs cannot be used to develop and test theories. FALSE
6. A researcher is testing radiation doses in women with breast cancer. Ideally,
the researcher should select the dose of radiation that obtains the desired
effect with the least amount of side effects. Here the goal is to: Maximize the
benefits while minimizing the risks
7. The term randomized controlled trial describes: an experimental study that
is conducted in healthcare settings
8. Model testing is a type of: correlational design
9. How many types of true experimental design are commonly reported in the
scientific literature? SIX
10. Factorial designs never allow researchers to manipulate more than one
intervention during the same experiment: False
 Chapter 9
1. Case study is a description of a single or novel event; a unique methodology
used in qualitative research that may also be considered a design or strategy
for data collection. TRUE
2. Historical research was developed as a way of conceptualizing research
information. FALSE grounded theory
3. The goal of the question what is the lived experience of a woman dying
from breast cancer is: to achieve understanding of an experience from the
perspective of the participant
4. In sampling, if the recruitment of participants is based on word of mouth or
referrals from other participants, it is called: Snowball sampling
5. Field work means: the time researchers spend interacting with participants
6. Ethnonursing is: Systematic study and classification of nursing care beliefs,
values, and practices in a particular culture
7. The strategy used by qualitative researchers to set aside their personal
interpretations to avoid bias is: Bracketing
8. Transferability is: A criteria for a trustworthy qualitative study that relates to
whether findings from one study can be transferred to a similar context
9. Person who facilitates or hinders entry of the researcher into a particular
group or setting is known as gatekeeper: TRUE
10. The question what are all the activities you do at the mill? focuses on:
How participants organize