:

(t)dt -
a

- .

-
- 1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5


:1
* :
f(x) = 5x2+3x-2
-1- F G .
-2- ) F(3)-F(1 ) G(3)-G(1

* :
-1- ) ( .
F G
5 3 5 3
F ( x ) = x 3 + x 2 2 x G ( x ) = x 3 + x 2 2 x 2
3 2 3 2
.
-2- :
5 3 3 2 5 3 3 2
= )G (3 .3 + .3 2 .3 2 = ) F (3 .3 + .3 2 .3
3 2 3 2

5 3 3 2 5 3 3
= )G (1 .1 + .1 2 .1 2 = ) F (1 .1 + .1 2 2 .1
3 2 3 2

73 F ( 3 ) F (1 ) = 73
= ) G ( 3 ) G (1
3 3

G (3) G (1) = F (3) F (1) :

P S I k
x S(x)=P(x)+k: I a b : I
S(a)=P(a)+k.S(b)=P(b)+k
)S(b)-S(a)=P(b)+k-(P(a)+k
)S(b)-S(a)=P(b)-P(a
.
 * :
:
I a b I
) F(b)-F(a F I . F

:2 .
* :
-1- : n :
)n.(n + 1)(2n + 1
= 0 2 + 12 + 2 2 + ....... + n 2
6
1 2
= ). ( x -2- .x
2
1
= . - - F ])[ F (4) F (0
4
- - n
0 1 2 4n
y0 = ; y1 = ; y2 = ; y4 n =
n n n n
n y n y0 ; y1 ; y 2 ;......; y 4 n :
. lim y n
x +

* :
-1- n ) P(n:
)n.(n + 1)(2n + 1
= 0 2 + 12 + 2 2 + ....... + n 2
6
) P(0 0=0 ) P(0 .(1)....
m ) P(m .
)m.(m + 1)(2m + 1
= 0 2 + 12 + 2 2 + ....... + m 2
6
) P(m+1 :
)(m + 1).(m + 2)(2m + 3
= )(*) 0 + 1 + 2 + ....... + m + ( m + 1
2 2 2 2 2

6
: :
 02 + 12 + 22 + ... + m 2 + (m + 1) 2 = (02 + 12 + 22 + ... + m 2 ) + ( m + 1) 2
)m.(m + 1)(2m + 1
= + (m + 1) 2
6
m(m + 1).(2m + 1) + 6(m + 1)2
= )0 + 1 + 2 + .......+ m + (m + 1
2 2 2 2 2
:
6
)(m +1).(2m2 + m + 6m + 6
= ) m (
6
)(m +1).(2m2 + 7m + 6
=
6
)*( (m + 2)(2m + 3) = 2m + 4m + 3m + 6
2

= 2m2 + 7m + 6
)(m + 1).(m + 2)(2m + 3
= 0 2 + 12 + 2 2 + ....... + (m + 1) 2
6
m ) P(m ) P(m+1
.(2)....
) (1 ) (2 :
)n.(n+1)(2n+1
= 02 +12 +22 +...+n2 n:
6
1 3
= ) F ( x -2- - F x
6

8 32
= = ) F ( 4 F (0) = 0 :
3 3
- - :
y0 + y1 + .... + y 4 n
= yn
y0 ; y1 ;.......; yn 4n + 1
= )(4n-0+4 1 0 1 2 4n
+ + + ..... +
4n + 1 n n n n
 1 1 0 1 4n
2 2 2 2
11 12
= + + + ..... +
4 n + 1 2 n 2n 2n 2 n

) 1 1 0 + 1 + 2 + .... + ( 4 n
2 2 2 2
=
4n + 1 2 n2

=
1 1 1
(
) 2 0 + 1 + 2 + .......(4n
2 2 2 2
)
4n + 1 2 n
1 ]) 4n (4n + 1) [2(4n + 2
=
) (4n + 1)(2n 2 6

8n + 4
= yn
:
3n
8 1 8 4 1
= . lim y n lim y n = + . : = 0
n+ 3 n+ n 3 3 n
* :
- lim y n = :
n+

1
F : = - ) ) (F (4) F (0
)(4 0
].[0 ;4


-- :
I a b I .
b
. a b ( x)dx
a
b

( x)dx = F (b) F (a) :

a

F .I
- -:
" " " ".
:
b
. - ( x)dx
a
b
- dx ( x)dx
a

. x
b
x .... t,u,v ( x)dx
a
-

fba I
a.b
b
) a b (. - a b ( x)dx
a

- ) F(b)-F(a . [ F ( x)]b
a

:
 J2 J1:
1 2
1 3
= J 1 = (3 x + x + 2 )dx; J 2
2
dx
3
x 0 3x + 1
1
1 1 ( x) = 3x 2 + x + 2 :
x
3
= ) 2 ( x g1 :
3x + 1
1 ] [-3 ;-1 J1
2 ] [0 ;2 J2 .
:
x2 1
F1 ( x) = x +
3
F1 ] [-3 ;-1 :
2 x
]. [-3 ;-1
F2 ] [0 ;2 F2 ( x) = 2 3x + 1 :
1 ]. [0 ;2
J1=F1(-1)-F1(-3) :
(3) 2 1
F1 (3) = (3) + 2
:
2 )(3
68
= J1 :
3
)J2=F2(2)-F2(0
F2 (2) = 2 3.2 + 1 : F2 (0) = 2 3.0 + 1
J2 = 2 7 2
--:
I a b . I
I F : I
 (1:
a a

) ( x)dx = F (a) F (a ( x)dx = 0

a a
a b
) ( x)dx = F (a) F (b ) ( x)dx = F (b) F (a
b a
b a
= . ( x)dx = ( x)dx
a b

(2 a<b (x)0 x ] [a ;b F
] ) [a ;b ) F ( x) = ( x x][a ;b F ( x) 0
x ].( [a ;b
b
. ( x)dx 0
a
a<b ) F(a)F(b F(b)-F(a)0 :

. ( x ) dx = 0 a=b
a
b
. ( x)dx 0
a
ab (x)0 x ] [a ;b

:
:
I a b I I
a b a

(1 ( x)dx = 0 : ( x)dx = ( x)dx

b a a

(2 ab (x)0 x ][a ;b
b
) ( ( x)dx 0
a



) (

) (O; i; j ) (ua
OACB C B A : ) B(0 ;1) A(1 ;0 ). C(1 ;1
I I ,b a
I . ab
(x)0 x ] [a ;b ) A )((ua
D ) (C
b
) ( x=a x=b A = ( x)dx 0 :
a

) ( Cf

B
1 C

j
1 ua A

0 i 1A x
x = a x = b

:
D ) M(x ;y :
axb

)0y(x

" " " ".


- - :
:
I a b . I
g I :
b b b

[ ( x) + g ( x)]dx = ( x)dx + g ( x)dx

a a a
b b

[ . ( x)]dx = . ( x)dx
a a

:
b
F I ) ( x)dx = F (b) F (a
a
:

b
G g .I ) g ( x)dx = G(b) G (a
a

S S=F+G ) (+g .I
P P= F . I
b

( + g )( x)dx = S (b) S (a) :

a

)= ( F + G )(b) ( F + G )(a
)= F (b) + G (b) F (a) G (a
))= ( F (b) F (a)) + (G (b) G (a
b b b

[g ( x) + ( x)]dx = ( x)dx + g ( x)dx

a a a
b
:
) ( )( x ) dx = P (b ) P ( a
a
 )= F (b) F (a
])= [F (b) F (a
b b

( x)dx = ( x)dx
a a

:
]. [-3 ;2
2 2 2
) ( (2 x + ( x))dx = 2 xdx ( x)dx
3 3 3
:

G G(x)=x2 xx2
.
2

3
) 2 xdx = G (2) G (2 :

= (2) 2 (3) 2
2 2

(2 x + ( x))dx = 5 + ( x)dx
3 3

2 2
3 3
) ( x) dx = ( x) dx : (.
3
2 2 3
- - :
:
I . I
cb a I :
b c b

( x)dx = ( x)dx + ( x)dx

a a c
 :
F I
c b

( x)dx + ( x)dx = [ F (b) F (a)] + [ F (b)] F (c)] :

a c

)= F (b) F (a
b
= ( x)dx
a
b c b

( x)dx = ( x)dx + ( x)dx

a a c

: ]. [-5 ;1
0 1

( x)dx = 2
3
( x)dx = 7
0
1 0 1

( x)dx = ( x)dx + ( x)dx :

3 3 0
1
. ( x)dx = 5
3

--:
:
I a b
g .I
:
ab(1
(2 x ] [a ;b )g(x)(x
b b

g ( x)dx ( x)dx
a a

 :
:
ab x ]. (x)-g(x)0[a ;b
.(x)+(-1)g(x)0
) (
b

[ ( x) + (1) g ( x)]dx 0
a

b b

( x)dx + (1) g ( x)dx 0 :
a a

" "
b b

( x)dx + (1) g ( x)dx 0

a a
:

b b

. ( x) dx
a
g ( x)dx
a
:

: ) (C ) (O; i; j
1 1
) (D y = x + 1)( . y = x + 2
3 2
y

B ) ( Cf

1 E F

j
D C

0 i 1
2 4 x

)(
)(D
 : ] [2 ;4 x ]: [2 ;4
1 1
x + 2 ( x) x + 1
3 2
4 4 4
1 1
2 3
x + 2

dx
2
( x ) dx
2

2
x + 1 dx :

1 2
H H ( x ) = x + x ] [2 ;4
4
1
. x x +1
2
1 1 2
P P ( x) = x + 2 x x x + 2
3 6
].[2 ;4
4 4
1 1
2 3
x + 2

dx = P ( 4) P ( 2) )2 2 dx = H (4) H (2
x + 1

10 16
=)P(2 =) P(4 H(4)=8: H(2)=3
3 3
4
2 ( x)dx 5 :
2
: : 1cm
2

4
. ( x)dx
2
4
1
. ABCD 2 2 dx
x + 1
4
1
. EFCD2 3 x + 2



:
a b a<b ]. [a ;b

] [a ;b :
b
1
=
) (b a
( x ) dx
a

:
x ] [a ;b . (x)0
) (C ) (O; i; j
:
y

D C
u
1
) (Cf
j ua
A B
0 i 1 x
x=a x=b

b b
1
= (b a) = ( x)dx ( x)dx :
a
b a a

). (ua
b
. ABCD ) (b a
( x) dx
a
 : ( x) = 2 x 3 + x
]. [1 ;4
4
( x)dx
4
1
1
=
)( 4 1
( x ) dx
1

]. [1 ;4 F ][1 ;4

= ) F ( x ]. [1 ;4
1 4 x 2
x +
2 2
4

( x).dx = F (4) F (1) :

1

1 4 1 44 42
= ) F (4 F (1) = .1 + + :
2 2 2 2
=1 = 136
1
= ) (136 1
4 1
] [1 ;4 . 45


- - :
:
) (courbe de lorenz -
] [0 ;1
(0)=0.(1)=1 ][0 ;1
) ( ) (indice de Gini ) (C -
=1-2A A D ) (C
.x=1x=0y=0

:
y

1 B

Dc
j

A

-2 -1 0 i 1 2 x

-1

- A :
1
= 2
2

.DAB )= 2(S A

Ac .Dc = 2 Ac

Ac
=
1
2
 Dc " " ).(

01 =

:
* ) (
] [0 ;1 x ] (x) [0 ;1
100x% ].[0 ;1
:
* x )(x .
:0 .
:1 .
""

- - :
.
) d(x x
) xld(x "".
x ) (x
) xl (x "".
.
.
:P
: Q .
q

S = ( P ( x)).dx :
0
q

S d = (d ( x) P).dx :
0


:
: 01
:
2 0

(5 x 2)dx
x
+ 1)dx (2 (1
2
( 3 x
3
2 1
6 1
5 1

2 2u 3
du (4 5 3t + 2 dt (3
3
t
4
1
x2 + 3 3
3z
2 x 2 dx (6
0 z +1
2
dz (5

+2
3x 2
2q 2 + 4q + 7

+1 ( x )
dx (8
4

1 q 2 + 2q + 1 dq (7
:
: 02
)(C
3
( x) = 2 x 5 + []0,5 ;+
(2 x 1) 3
;. (O, i ) j
y
6

3
) ( Cf

1

j

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
i x
-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6
 4
. -1- ( x)dx
3
3
-2- ( x)dx
1
: 03

1cm ) (O, i; j i = 1,5

. j = 1,5
-1- A1 D1 )M(x ;y
3x1
1 2
x + 1 y 0
4
-2- A2 D2 )M(x ;y
1x-1
2
2x + x y 0
-3- A3 D3 )M(x ;y
2x0
x 2 y 1
: 04
)(C ) (O, i; j
1
. ( x) = 2 x 5 + []1 ;+
x 1
y
3

) ( Cf

-4 -3 -2 -1 0 i 1 2 3 4 x

-1

-2

-3
 x=2 x=1,5
. y=0
:
: 05
)(C)(
[ ]-1 ;+

) . (O, i; j

)( C6

1

j

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 i 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
-1
)(
-2

-1- .
-2- .
:
: 06
)(C
) (O, i; j . 1cm
y
6

3
) ( Cf
2

1

j

-8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 i 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

-6
 -1- .
2
( x ) dx )M(x ;y) (C x1
1
-2-

1
. = y ) M (x ;y) (C x1 y = x 2 + 1 +1
x2
:
: 07
E DC BA:

( )
2
3 5x 2 1 1 3 x + 10
C = 2 = dx B = + 3 dx A dx
2
x
2
2 5 x + x + 3
1 4x + 1
2
3
3 x + 5
1
3x 2 2 x 8
2
= E dx D = 2 dx
2
2 x + x+7

1, 5 x 5 + 4
x

: 08
3
= ) ( x :
x2 + 1
-1- .
3
. -2- x ] [-1 ;2 ( x) 3
5
2
x2
. 2 -3- dx
1
x + 1
:
: 09
I :
]I=[-1 ;1 (1 ( x) = (3 x + 4) 5 :
x
= ) ( x ]I=[-2 ;0 (2 :
)(x + 3
2 4

6x + 3
= ) ( x ]I=[0 ;5 (3 :
3x + x + 1
2
 :
: 10
g ] [0 ;1 :
x x
= ) g ( x ) (C = ) ( x
6 5x (2 x) 3
;. (O; i ) j
) (Cg g ) (O; i; j 4cm:
.
-1- ) (C ).(Cg
-2- ) (C).(Cg
-3- u v ] [0 ;1:
2 x 1
= )v(x = ) u ( x (12+ 5x). 6 5x
75 (2 x) 2
(C) -4- A) (Cg
. B
--
%60 A. B
- - ) (C) (Cg
: 11
x :
8
= ) . (0x4) d ( x
( x + 1) 2
( x) = ( x + 1) 2 x
) 10 .( 100000DA
-1 .
-2 .


:1
:
0 0
5 2
1 ( 5 x 2 ) dx = 2

x 2 x /1
1
5
)= 0 ( + 2
2
9
=
2

xl5x-2 ] [-1 ;0 .
1 1
1 3 2 1
3 ( 5 3t +
t2
) dt = 5t
2
t
t 3
/3

3 27 1
= (5 + 1) (15 = +
2 2 3
68
=
3
6 6
5 2

2 2x 3
dx = 5
2 2 2x 3
dx /4

[
= 5 2x 3 ] 6
2

= 10
1 2 1
x +3 3

2
x
2
= dx
2
( x
x
2
) dx /6

1
1 2 3
= x +
2 x 2
2 2 2 2
2q + 4q + 7 2q + 4q + 2 + 5

1
2
q + 2q + 1
= dq
1 )( q + 1
2
dq /7
 2 2
2( q + 1) + 5
=
1 ( q + 1)
2
dq

2
5
= 1
(2 +
( q + 1)
2
) dq

2
2 2
2q + 4q + 7 5

1 q + 2q + 1
2
dq = 2q


q + 11
:

5 5
= (2 2 ) (2 )
2 +1 2
11
= 3 2
2
+2 +2
3x 3 x 3 + 3

+1 ( x )
4
dx =


+1 (x )
4
dx /8

+2
3( x ) + 3
=

+1 (x )
4
dx

+2
3 3
=

+1 ( x )
4
+
(x )
4
dx

+2
3 1 1
= 2
. 3
2 (x ) ( x ) +1
4 + 9
=
8
 :2
4

/1 ( x ) dx :
3

- []0,5 ;+ .
4 4 3
( x ) dx = ( 2 x 5 + 3
) dx :
3 3 )( 2 x 1
4 3 2
= (2 x 5 + 3
) dx
3 )2 ( 2 x 1
4
3 1
= x 2 5x
4 (2 x 1) 2 3
2468
=
1225
- (x) 0 x ] [3 ;4 :
4
) ) ( ( ( x)dx
3

y=0 x=3.x=4
3
: /2 ( x)dx 0
1
(x)0 x ] [1 ;3 :
3
) ( ( x)dx 0
1
3
. ( x)dx 0
1

 :3
/1 :A1
3 1 2
A1 = x + 1 0 dx :
1 4
3
1
= x 3 + x
12 1
3
= i 25 3
2 2 2 :
2 = j 6 2

25
. :
2
/2 :A2
1
A 2 = ((2 x 2 + x))dx :
1
/3 :A3
2
A3 = ( x 2 (1))dx :
0
2
= ( x 2 + 1)dx
0

:4
) ( x=1,5 x=2. y=0
A ) .( a -
[ ]1 ;+ ]. [1,5 ;2 -
2
A = ( ( x ))dx :
1,5
2
1
= ( 2 x + 5 ) dx
1, 5 x 1
 2 1
= ( 2 x + 5 2 ) dx
1,5 2 x 1
[ 2
A = x + 5 x 2 2 x 1 1, 5 ]
2

21
( = (6 2 3 ) ) 2 2
4
3
= ) 2( 3 2
4
:5
/1 :
) g( ) ( ) g(c ).(C
[.]-1 ;+ : ) g(c [ ]-1 ;+ )g(
) g(c ) g(.
g(c): [ [0 ;+ [.[0 ;+
: ) g(c .
(C): )(
.
/2 :
) (ua A :
1
A = ( x)dx
0

= [ ( x)]0
1

)= (1) (0
)= 3 ( 2
=5
 :6
/1 :
:
].[-1 ;2
A :
2
= A ( x)dx
1
1

( x)dx
1
/2

1
=y - :) M(x ;y) ( x1 + 1 :
x2
) M(x ;y) ( x1 y = x 2 + 1 :
- xlx2+1 ] [-1 ;1 :
1 1

= + 1)dx
2
( x ) dx ( x
1 1
1
= [ x 3 + x]11
3
8
=
3
:7
.EDCBA:
1
3x + 10
A = 2 /1
2 5 x + x + 3
10
[ .3x+100 : x [;+
3
x . 5x2+x+30:
3 x + 10
: x ] [-2 ;-1 0 :
5 x 2
+ x + 3
3x + 10
x ]. [-2 ;-1
5x 2 + x + 3
 : A.
1
B = x 2 + 3 /2
2

x x 2 + 3 0 :
x ] [1 ;2x 2 + 3 0 :
x ][1 ;2 x 2 + 3
2

1
x 2 + 3 0 :
2
x 2 + 3 0 :
1
1
) (
2
x 2 + 3 0 :

B.
2
3 5x 2
C = 2 dx /3
1
4 x + 1

3 3
. 3-5x20 :
; - x
5 5
3 3
2; - x ;1
5 5
3-5x20
- x ] [-2 ;14x2+1>0 :
:

3 5x 2 3 3
0 : ; x
4x2 + 1 5 5
3 5x 2 3 3
. 0 : 2; x ;1
4x2 + 1 5 5
:
 3 5x 2
. C :
4x2 + 1
3
3x 2 + 5
D= 2 /4

1, 5
x 5 x + 4

A B :
D.
3x 2 2 x 8
1
= E /5

2 x +x+7
2

A B :
E.
:8
/1 :
)( :
3
: /2 x ] [-1 ;2 ( x) 3 :
5
:
; )([-1 ;0])=[ (-1
])(0
3 3
]= [ ;3 ];3 [ =
2 ][-12;0

])([0 ;2])=[ (2) ; (0
3 3
]= [ ;3 ]= [ ;3
5 [0
]2 ;2

3
x ] [-1 ;2 ( x) 3
5
2
x2
/3 1 x 2 + 1 dx
 x2
x 2
x +1
].[-1 ;2
x ][-1 ;2
3
) ( ( x) 3 :
5
3 2
)(x2 0 x x 2 ( x) 3 x 2 :
5
3 2 3x 2
x 2 3 x 2 :
5 x +1
1 2 x2
x 2 x 2 :
5 x +1
2
1 2
2
x2 2

1 5 x dx 1 x 2 + 1 dx 1 x dx :
2

2 2
1 3
2
x2 1 3
x
15
1

x2 + 1
1
dx : 3 x :
1

3
2
x2
2 dx 3 :
5 1 x + 1
2
x2
. 2 dx
1
x + 1
:9
I :
( x ) = (3 x + 4) /1 ].I=[-1 ;1
5

M ]: [-1 ;1
- I:
1
1
= M
1 (1) 1
(3 x + 4) 5 dx
1
1 1
= 3(3x + 4) 5 dx
2 1 3
 1
1
= 3(3x + 4) 5 dx ) (
6 1
)1 (3x + 4
5 1

=
6 3 1
1
= )(117648
36
= 3268
x
= ) ( x ]. I=[-2 ;0 /2
( x 2 + 3) 4
M . I
- I:
0
1 x
0 (2) 2 ( x + 3) 4
= M 2
dx
0
1 1 2x
= 2 dx
2 2 2 ( x + 3) 4
0
1 2x
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4 2 ( x + 3) 4
0
1 1 1
= 2
4 3 ( x + 3) 3 2
1 1 1 1
= +
4 34 3 73
334
=
37044
167
=
18522
6x + 1
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3x + x + 1
2

M . I
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1 6x + 1
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5
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5

2
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5
16
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0
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8
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q

S d = (d ( x) p )dx
0

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4 dx
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2

4
8 1
8
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x +1 0
8
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8
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4
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8
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2
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Sd 1,32
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S :
q

S = ( p ( x))dx
0
q

= (24 4 ( x + 1) 2 )dx
0
4
8 1
1 3
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3 0
( 1
3
)1
S = 4 82 4 8 1 4 83 + :
3
1
(
= 4 82 34 8 3 4 8 +
3
1
3
)
=
14 2 4
3
8 2 8 3 +( 1
3
)
S .0,68