NUTRITION

science that interprets the interaction of nutrients and other substances in food
how food is consumed and utilized in the body
in relation to Sports Nutrition
application of nutrition knowledge to a practical daily eating plan focused on providing the fuel for physical activity, facilitating the repair and
rebuilding process after hard physical work and optimum athletic performance while also promoting overall health and wellness

FOOD NUTRIENTS
are the nutritional components in foods that an organism utilizes to survive and grow. Macronutrients provide the bulk energy for an organism's
metabolic system to function, while micronutrients provide the necessary cofactors for metabolism to be carried out.

I. MACRONUTRIENTS
A. Carbohydrates (CHO)
Converted to glucose (form of sugar)
Main source of fuel/energy
Go Foods
B. Proteins (CHON)
Converted to amino acids (AA)
Involved in the development, growth and repair of muscle and other body tissues
Kinds:
a. Essential AA from dietary sources (food)
b. Non-essential AA made within the body
C. Fats/Lipids
Oils and fat-like substances found in food (cholesterol)
Provide structure to cell membranes, aiding in the production of hormones, lining of nerves for proper functioning
II. MICRONUTRIENTS
A. Vitamins
Help keep the body healthy and disease=free
Do not directly provide Energy to the body but aid in the extraction of Energy from CHO, CHOM and Fats found in almost all foods
Kinds:
a. Fat soluble Vitamin A (Retinol), D (Cholecalciferol), E (Tocopherol), K (Phylloquinone)
b. Water soluble B Vitamins, Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)
B. Minerals
Aid in structural development of tissues as well as regulation of body processes
Concentrated in meat, beans, milk
 Kinds:
a. Major Calcium (Ca), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K), Chloride (Cl), Phosphorus (P), Magnesium (Mg), Sulfur (S)
b. Trace Iron (Fe), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Selenium (Se), Iodine (I), Fluorine (Fl), Manganese (Mn)
III. WATER
55-60% of the body weight
For temperature regulation, lubrication of joints and transport of nutrients to other foods

HOW DOES THE BODY PRODUCE ENERGY?

- In the field of nutrition, Energy is expressed in Calories or Kilocalories equivalent to 4.184 Joules

Food/Energy Nutrients (CHO, CHON, Fats)

When taken in is broken down into the body through the different enzymes and hormones

CO2 + H2O

Released conserved

Used to make another high Energy chemical

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

Direct source of Energy used for cellular work

Used by muscles to move and perform any physical activity