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IMPORTANCE AND CONDUCT

OF GRID IMPACT STUDY

40th IIEE Annual National Convention and 3E XPO 2015


Nov. 27, 2015
Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.

Outline

1. Statutory and Regulatory Basis

2. Importance

3. Procedures and Requirements


Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.

1. Statutory and Regulatory Basis


Definitions
Definition in the Philippine Grid Code (PGC)

Grid Impact Studies. A set of technical studies which are used to


assess the possible effects of a proposed expansion, reinforcement,
or modification of the Grid or a User Development and to evaluate
Significant Incidents.

Definitions in the Open Access Transmission Service (OATS) Rules


Grid Impact Studies (GIS): As defined in the Grid Code and
includes Grid planning studies.
System Impact Study (SIS): An assessment made or conducted by
the Transmission Provider/System Operator in addition to the Grid
impact studies prepared by it in accordance with the Grid Code, to
determine: (i) the adequacy of the Transmission System and its
capability to accommodate a request for Power Delivery Service;
and (ii) the costs, if any, that may be incurred in order to provide
Power Delivery Service to a Transmission Customer.
R.A. 9136 : EPIRA
EPIRA mandates the Transmission Provider to:
Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.
 Provide open and non-discriminatory access to its system to all
electricity users

 Ensure and maintain the reliability, adequacy, security, stability


and integrity of the Grid in accordance with the performance
standards for the operation and maintenance of the Grid, as set
forth in the Grid Code and the Distribution Code.

 Improve and expand its transmission facilities, consistent with the


TDP and the Grid Code, to adequately serve Generation
Companies, Distribution Utilities and Suppliers requiring
transmission service and/or Ancillary Services through the
transmission system. TRANSCO or its Buyer or Concessionaire
shall submit any plan for expansion or improvement of its
facilities for approval by the ERC.
PHILIPPINE GRID CODE
Chapter 4.3.3 - Grid Impact Studies
Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.  The Grid Operator shall develop and maintain a set of required
technical planning studies for evaluating the impact on the Grid of
any proposed connection or modification to an existing
connection.

 The User shall indicate whether it wishes the Grid Operator to


undertake additional technical studies. The User shall shoulder
the cost of the additional technical studies.

 Any User applying for connection or a modification of an existing


connection to the Grid shall take all necessary measures to ensure
that the proposed User Development will not result in the
Degradation of the Grid. The Grid Operator may disapprove an
application for connection or a modification to an existing
connection, if the Grid Impact Studies show that the proposed
User Development will result in the Degradation of the Grid.
OATS RULES
Module B14 - Evaluation of Applications including Grid
Stronger transmission
Impact Studies (GIS) and System Impact Studies (SIS)
for a stronger nation.

 Evaluation under the GIS. The Transmission Provider shall


develop and maintain a set of Grid Impact Studies for evaluating
service applications in accordance with the Grid Code.

 Determination whether SIS is necessary. After receiving the


service application, the Transmission Provider shall determine on
a non-discriminatory basis whether a specific System Impact
Study (SIS) is necessary to process the application, in addition to
the information already available from its own Grid Impact
Studies and any previous System Impact Studies.
OTHER REFERENCE
ERC Resolution No. 16-2011 – a Resolution Amending the
Stronger transmission
Definition and Boundaries of Connection Assets
for a stronger nation.

 Connection Assets and Residual Subtransmission Assets for Load


Customers.

 Connection Assets for Generation Customers


Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.

2. Importance
 Recommend the Appropriate Connection Scheme
Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.

 Determine the Required transmission reinforcements,


if there's any.

 Define the Asset Boundaries


Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.

3. Procedures and Requirements


INITIAL APPLICATION
REQUIREMENTS
Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.

 DOE clearance to undertake the SIS


 Letter of Intent from the Generator Customer
 Proposed plant details and specifications
 Target commissioning date
 Connection scheme to be agreed by both NGCP and
Customer
 BIR and SEC registration
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS
Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.

NGCP to conduct the SIS Third Party to conduct the SIS


Vicinity map of the Project
Single Line Diagram of the proposed connection scheme/s indicating the
parameters of the connection facilities such as line structure, conductor
Data and information
type and distance, and transformer capacities
required
Generator modeling parameters
Transmission Service Application Form (TSAF)
Offer of Service
Agreements
N.A. Tripartite Confidentiality
Agreement
BASE CASE PREPARATION
Grid Model
Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.

System Peak
Demand
Forecast

Identified
System
Generation Requirements
Capacity
Addition

Dispatch
Scenarios

System Simulation Studies: Load Flow Simulations; Short-circuit Analysis; Stability Analysis

Planning Criteria: Grid Code (N-1 Rule)


BASE CASE PREPARATION
Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.
• Load Assumptions
- System Peak Demand
- System Off-Peak Demand
Luzon – 45% of system peak
Visayas – 60% of system peak
Mindanao – 60% of system peak
• Generation Assumptions
Generating facilities are dispatched such that the condition will
subject the transmission facilities at worst loading condition.
Luzon – Maximum North ; Maximum South ; Typical
Visayas – Maximum Leyte ; Maximum Panay
Mindanao – Maximum North
LOAD FLOW STUDIES
Stronger transmission
Load Flow Studies aim to determine whether an existing or reinforced
for a stronger nation.
system can satisfy the voltage and current limits, under steady state
conditions.

Thermal Limits. The loading levels of all transmission lines and


substation Equipment are below 100% of the maximum continuous
ratings of phase conductors and transformers as certified and
submitted by the Grid Owner. Deviations may only be acceptable on
contingency that depends on the condition of the facility subject to
monitoring by the GMC.

Voltage Limits. Voltage variations in the system for all voltage levels
shall remain within ±5% of the nominal value during normal
conditions and during single outage contingency events as required by
the PGC. The grid shall also be designed and operated to include
devices that will mitigate the effects of transient overvoltage on the
system.
SHORT CIRCUIT STUDIES
Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.
Overview studies of fault levels throughout the system
only require the calculation of three (3) phase fault levels.
Generation facilities should be represented by a voltage of
1 per unit (pu) behind a saturated sub-transient reactance
and all transformers by their reactances on nominal tap.
The Regulated Transmission Entity shall consider the
scenario of “all generation facilities online” to get the
most conservative values.

Short Circuit Limit. NGCP shall endeavor to maintain the


short-circuit levels through all circuit breakers within
acceptable limits in such a way that replacement projects
of existing circuit breakers can be minimized.
FREQUENCY ASSESSMENT
Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.
Frequency Assessment aims to determine if the sudden
disconnection of a proposed power plant while injecting
power to the grid will result to rise or drop of the system
frequency beyond the acceptable limits set by the PGC.

Frequency Limits. As per PGC, the fundamental


frequency should be within the limits of 59.4 Hz and 60.6
Hz during normal conditions. However, the system
operator shall intervene when the frequency limits of
59.7 Hz and 60.3 Hz are breached.
TRANSIENT STABILITY
Stronger transmission
Transient stability is the ability of the system to maintain
for a stronger nation.
synchronism when subjected to a severe fault or
disturbance, such as a short circuit on a transmission
line.

Stability During Contingencies. All generators and large


machines connected to the transmission system should
remain in synchronism and maintain stable operation
during normal as well as during the loss of single-
element (N-1) contingency events.
The required maximum clearing time per voltage level
that shall be used in the dynamic simulations are the
limits below as specified in Section 4.4.9.3 of the PGC.
- 85 milliseconds (ms) for 500 kilovolt;
- 100 ms for 230 kV and 138 kV; and
- 120 ms for voltages less than 138 kV.
SINGLE OUTAGE CONTINGENCY
PLANNING CRITERION
Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.

• No electrical and thermal ratings of transmission elements are


overloaded;
• Stable control of system voltage and frequency maintained
within allowable limits; and
• The remaining generators stay in synchronism after a
disturbance
OPERATIONAL ASSESSMENT
Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation. • The proposed connection of a new power plant or modification
of existing connection will be assessed for any possible
operational constraint/issues that may arise.

REGULATORY ASSESSMENT
• The proposed connection of a new power plant or modification
of existing connection will be assessed to define the resulting
asset boundaries based on ERC Resolution No. 16-2011.
System Impact Study
Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Technical Assessments:
SIS Report
Entry of Generating Plant / Load Flow Assessment Recommended Connection
User Development Short-Circuit Assessment Scheme
Stability Assessment
Connection Scheme Frequency Assessment Required Grid
Generator / Load Data Operational Assessment reinforcements, if any

Regulatory Assessment Asset Boundary


Stronger transmission
for a stronger nation.

Question & Answer


THANK YOU VERY MUCH!!

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