Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Horseflies
Deer flies
Stable flies
Horn flies
Face flies
Bot flies
Horseflies &
Deerflies
Breed in boggy
areas
Active only during
the day in warm
weather
Deerflies have
patterned wings
and are smaller
Horseflies have
transparent wings
Horseflies & Deerflies
Larvae overwinter
in the soil
Prefer wet mud
near or under
ponds, marshes,
or streams
One cow can lose
one quarter liter of
blood per day in
heavily infested
areas!
Stable Flies and Horn Flies
Introduced from
Europe
Spend almost
entire adult lives
on their host
(horses and cattle)
Stable flies look
like house flies
Bite ankles of
people, legs of
horses
Stable Flies and Horn Flies
Mouth parts are
jabbed into skin
like a needle
Curved spines at
the tip move back
and forth making
hole deeper and
wider
Larvae develop in
manure and
decaying
vegetation
Face Flies
Non-biters
Closely resemble
house flies, larger
than horn flies
Feed on mucous
secretions around
eyes, nose, mouth
Lay eggs in fresh
manure
Can transmit eye
problems
Bot Flies
Lay their eggs on legs and
chests of horses
Horses lick that area ingest
eggs
Eggs hatch in intestines
Internal/External parasites!
Deworming program to
control bots
Bots
Black Flies/Midges - Onchocerca
Spread a parasitic roundworm,
Onchocerca, which causes bumps to form
in skin, can also be found in the eye!
Eggs laid
adults die
MEAL 2 Nymphs molt
Peak Feeding in into adults
people, horses, mice
Meal 3 (for
adults that
Larvae molt
didn’t feed SPRING SUMMER
into nymph
in fall)
WINTER FALL stage
• Person
•Deer
•Horse ADULTS
Meal 3
• Person
•Deer
•Horse
Nymphs dormant
Lyme Disease Transmission
Multisystem disease!
Clinical Signs:
Joints
Musculoskeletal system
Neurological system
Subclinical infection is common!
Development of clinical signs only
occurs in 10% of infected animals!
Lyme Disease and Horses
Microscopic!
Can cause mange
Sarcoptic mites (head neck, shoulders,
flanks, abdomen)
Psoroptic/scab mites – skin surface
gooey scabs and crusts
Chorioptic mites most common, seen
on skin, cause scaling on legs
“Clydesdale itch”
Psoroptic Mange…
Fly Control
More Fly Control
Premise Control