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Hydraulics-A Review
Subhasish Mitra
M.Tech Scholar
Department of Chemical Engineering
I.I.T, Kanpur
Tray design-a real challenge:
100% weeping
Flooding mechanisms:
Tray spacing :
Low tray spacing enhances tendency of all types of
flooding except DC choke flooding. TS<18” can cause
both spray and froth entrainment flooding.
Bubbling area:
Low bubbling area/low fractional hole area causes all type
of flooding except DC choke flooding.
Effect of design parameters on flooding
(Contd.):
Vapor load:
Several correlations are available. Most used one is
Liquid load:
Most accepted one is flux of liquid across tray (gpm/in),
Weeping:
Weeping is descent of liquid through plate
perforation. It occurs when liquid head on the tray
exceeds the pr drop that holds the liquid on tray.
Down-comer load:
Flooding limit:
Several correlations available.
Fair’s Correlation:
BDH RV SV SVG/MVG/MMVG
Tray types (Contd.):
Sieve type trays normally available in following sizes,
5-6 mm, 10-13 mm, 19 – 20 mm. Applied in both
clean & fouling services. Low pressure drop, low cost
& less TD.
Sulzer VG-Plus
High performance tray:
-Chordal high performance
down-comer.
-Enhanced deck design for
efficient vapor liquid
contact.
-Optimized valve lay out.
Some special type of trays (Contd.):
Shell High Performance tray
Information courtesy: