North Africa Downstream

Summit – Algiers 9 Dec 2015

ALBEMARLE CATALYTIC ROUTES TO MAXIMIZE THE
REFINERY PROFITABILITY

07 December 2015
Summary

Mediterranean Refineries general trends

Improve the refinery reliability

Maximizing units profit

Run for the max profitability

Conclusion

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European refineries general trends

European refinery
Minus
• High Energy Costs
• Low Refinery Utilization
• Decrease of local Market
Plus
• High Efficiency
• Reliable refineries
• Regional Opportunities
• Crudes Opportunity

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Catalysts Supplier involvement in the refinery profittability

Albemarle’s Refining Solutions Offerings

Heavy Oil Upgrading Catalysts

Clean Fuels Technologies Catalysts

AlkyStar® Catalyst

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Consequences on a Catalyst Supplier

Reliability :

Monitoring, Techinical Assistance ,Maximize cycle lenght :
Understand the problems proposing an effective solution

Opportunities :

Opportunity Crude Effect, high activity catalyst. distressed
streams to be treated, density up-lift : Work with refinery to
maximize profit or energy Saving

Maximize Yields :

Resid treatment in FCC, Maximize Propylene or Gasoline
production : Run the units to the max profittability

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Understand the problems proposing an effective solution

Customer Insight Application Competence Catalyst Portfolio

Zone 1

Zone 2

Zone 3

• Understanding customer • Catalyst Loading Design, • World Class Catalyst Portfolio

requirements and value Operating Guidelines & and Manufacturing Excellence
creation Support

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Understand the problems proposing an effective solution

Our process model incorporates fundamental understanding and enables reliable

performance estimates to support the market

Feed (1.2
Product 30%
20%
wt%
60%
50%
40%
90%
80%
70%
(10 ppm S)
10%

Benzonaphthothiophenes

Dibenzothiophenes

Benzothiophenes

Sulfides, Mercaptans,
Thiophenes

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Understand the problems proposing an effective solution

STAX® Technology: Optimizing Reactor Performance

Application
Catalyst Deactivation
The Chemistry
Catalyst Selection
Guard

Process Model
Zone 1

Zone 2 Optimal Loading

Zone 3

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Work with refinery to maximize profit or energy saving

LSRGO SRGO SRGO/Cracked SRGO/Cracked/HGO

Hydrogenation activity

HDN/AroSat limited Nebula 20

KF 880

KF 868
Bulk
KF 861
High
HDS limited KF 772 Medium
KF 767
Low
KF 770
KF 758
KF 758 STAX®
150 450 725 2000

Outlet H2PP (psi)

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Work with refinery to maximize profit or energy saving

Our New KF 880 STARS Catalyst

for ULSD Volume Swell

Balance KF 861 KF 861 KF 861

Boost
KF 880
KF 868 KF 880
Boost
Nebula

Value Proposition Base NiMo Premium NiMo Max Volume Swell♦

Cycle Length ∗ Base +20-25% +25%
Feed Throughput ∗ Base +15% +25%
Volume Swell (+%LV) Base +0.3-0.5 +0.7-1.0
Distressed Feed intake Base +(+) +++
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Work with refinery to maximize profit or energy saving

Clean Fuels Technologies –

Capitalizing on HPC Market Trends

Market Driver Innovation Value to Customer

Global Fuel REACT™ catalyst • Enhances fresh catalyst

Consumption rejuvenation technology value offering

STAX® advanced • Maximizes value from the

performance modeling use
of catalyst

Clean Air Mandates Nebula™ platform • Avoids CAPEX

Tight Oil Ketjenguard® guard-bed • High capacity contaminant

Clean Fuels catalyst platform trapping for main-bed
Technologies catalyst protection

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 Run the FCC units to the max profitability

Driven by Increased Transportation Fuels

Demand and Propylene Growth Gasoline Demand by Region
30.00
Source: The Catalyst Group, World Oil Outlook 2014
Continuous investment in refining capacity for IEA Medium Term Oil Report 2015, EIA Monthly Energy Reports
25.00
transportation fuels with demand shifting to
developing regions
20.00
• Large scale and efficient refinery additions and revamps

mb/d
in AP, China, ME and LATAM to meet increased regional 15.00

demand
10.00
• FCC flexibility required to maximize profitability from
different unit designs, varying feed qualities and desired 5.00

product slate across the globe

0.00
• FCC innovation driven by atypical feeds such as tight oil 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025

and increased resid feed processing US & Canada Europe China

Other Asia-Pacific Rest of World

Pursuit of integrated refinery-petrochemical FCC Max Propylene Market Evolution

facilities 90
Total Catalyst Consumption (ktpy) 80
• Ongoing shale boom favors ethane-based steam 70
cracking and lighter olefin co-products 60
50
• Maximize production of light olefins such as propylene in 40
the FCC unit to fill the supply 30
20
• New FCC units built to maximize propylene output 10
0
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Run the FCC units to the max profitability

What is Tight Oil?

Conventional vs. Tight Oil:
• Liquid hydrocarbons obtained by hydraulically fracturing A Changing Crude Slate
shale formations; today a North American phenomenon
100%
• Typically a light, sweet, paraffinic feed; easy to crack
• Tight oil often contains high levels of uncommon FCC metals LPG
– primarily iron, calcium, sodium and lead
Naphtha
• FCC output from Tight Oil trends toward higher LPG Distillate
and lower-octane gasoline 50%
Gas oil

Resid
FCC Catalysts developed for Tight Oil
• ACTION® T Increases gasoline octane and butylenes
for the Alkylation unit 0%
Conventional Tight
• UPGRADER™ T, AMBER™ T Specially formulated to optimize Crude Oil Oil
FCC units processing tight oil, mitigate uncommon metals
Source: Management estimates
and maximize the more valuable transportation fuels – both
diesel and gasoline

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Run the FCC units to the max profitability

Heavy Oil Upgrading – Capitalizing on FCC Market Trends

Market Driver Innovation Value to Customer

Global Fuel Consumption ACTION® FCC catalysts • Enhances transportation fuels and
alky feedstock
• Raises octane value of gasoline

Heavier Crudes UPGRADER™ FCC catalysts • Upgrades resids, cheap and heavy,
contaminated feedstocks

Maximum Propylene AFX™ FCC catalysts • Maximizes propylene (chemical

feedstock) and bottoms conversion

Gas Oil Feedstocks AMBER™ and GO-ULTRA™ • Tunable to selectively crack

FCC catalysts conventional FCC feeds

Propylene, Octane and DuraZOOM™ FCC additives • Maximizes refinery pool octane
Butylenes and propylene

Tight Oil ACTION® T, UPGRADER™ • Tuned to optimize tight oil

Heavy Oil T and AMBER™ T FCC processing
Upgrading catalysts
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Run the FCC units to the max profitability

Refinery #1: Albemarle’s max C3= catalyst replacing a

competitor
FCC unit processing 100% HT-
VGO:

SG: 0.91

CCR: 0.1 wt%

Very low Ni and V
Albemarle’s max C3= catalyst
successfully replaces a
competitor:

Lower dry gas

Higher propylene yield

Lower bottoms yield

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 Run the FCC units to the max profitability

Refinery #1: Albemarle’s catalyst makes more C3= and less

slurry
Due to better dry gas selectivity,
the FCC unit could operate at
higher reactor outlet temperature
and lift the C3= yield to higher
levels

Albemarle applied high AAI

technology to lower Hydrogen
Transfer and enhance C3=
This technology also benefits better
slurry conversion
Lab testing sometimes opposite of
unit
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Conclusion

• Mediterranean Refineries are under pressure although margins are

improving
• To be profitable every refinery needs to maximize Reliability,
Efficiency and Yields
• The catalytic units are the key factors for refineries success
• Cooperation between refineries and Catalysts producers is a
mandatory to improve refinery economics
• Albemarle Catalyst is willing to support the North Africa Refineries in
their efforts to maximize profitability

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