Review and analysis of Promising technologies with

respect to Fifth Generation Networks

Dr Seetaiah Kilaru1, Harikishore K2,Sravani T3, Anvesh Chowdary L4, Balaji T5
Associate Professor1, 2, Student3,4, Research Scholor,5, ECE Department
KL University
Guntur, Vijayawada
dr.seetaiah@gmail.com

Abstract—In INDIA, fourth generation mobile networks were
already deployed in defined locations. In many developed
countries, 4G is playing a prominent role. Even though 4G
networks generates excellent data rates (more than 500mbps),
there are few challenges still to be addressed. The major
problems include optimum allocation of spectrum and huge
consumption of energy. The emerging wireless applications were
opened doors for researchers to research on possible high data
rates. In this article, the promising technologies were proposed
which are more useful in 5G technology. Analysis has been given
to understand the design constraints ofproposed 5G technology
Keywords—5G technology, massive MIMO, Distributed Antenna
System (DAS), fiber fed system and spectral efficiency
I. INTRODUCTION
Low response time with high data rate (10 gb/s) and excellent
capacity gain are the challenges before Telecom designers.
The existed fourth generation networks are facing critical
problem viz. high power consumption and optimum utilization
of resources. Zero distance connectivity is the ultimate aim of
5G technology [1]. In next decade, the cellular traffic will
increase alomost 1000 times of what we are experiencing
today.
Figure 1 shows the comparison of capacity of wireless
communication of past decade with present decade. It is
observed that, air-interference improved in satisfactory way.
The new technologies Multiple Input and Multiple Output
(MIMO) and Orthogonal Frequency Divison Multiple Access
(OFDMA) have the ability to improve air interference
paramater [2]. This leads to tremendous increase in capacity of
communication system. To achieve this, existed network
architecture and corresponding devices should be upgraded to
certain extent [7].

Figure1: Comparision of capacity growth

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 people. When the outdoor basestation is serving for inddor
Recentely, practical 4G systems are deploying in many user, the signal has to penetrate through all obstacles. This
countries. From April 2012, the Indian telecom gaint AIRTEL penetration results in decrement of data rates. This results
also started the 4G services. In these systems advanced radio more time to deliver original message. To avoid this, if we
interference system is used along with MIMO and OFDMA. design two different base stations i.e one for indoor services
With this they achieved 1Gb/s data rates fro low mobility and other for outdoor services, the traffic handling will
systems and almost 100mb/s for very high mobility systems definetely improve a lot. Combination of Massive MIMO and
[14]. In developing countries like India, the usage of 4g Distributed Antenna System (DAS) is the suitable for this
spectrum and Quality of Service (QoS) is excellent due to less proposed setup.
number of users [13]. However, in developed countries like
USA and UK, there is a tremendous improvement in users
A. Massive MIMO:
who is subscribing mobile broadband systems. Advanced
designed gadgets challenging Multimedia capabilities [5]. This technique will provide several orders of magnitude when
Meanwhile, there is a scarcity existed in Radio Frequency compared to the conventional MIMO. This system uses
(RF) spectrum to use for cellular communication. Deployment several antenna array, each array comprises of hundreds of
of networks with these capabilities is drastically increasing antennas. This array system will simultaneously serve number
power consumption factor [4]. This power consumption factor of users with same time frequency resource[13.14].
is even incresing electricity bill to the provider. High energy
consumption also leads to the emission of carbon-di-Oxide
into the free space, which inturn create adverse effects [2].
Getting best effciency in spectrum and power is putting
pressure on all cellulat network providers. The 4Gtechnology
delpoyment just about to reach its maximum capacity and still
it is not satisfactory. So, it is very clear that existed network
architecture may not provide the proposed data rates of 10Gb/s
and low latency. Hence, researchers are putting their focus
now on Fifth generation networks [1].
The following Table1 shows the expected and new spectrum
availability for communication systems. For the table1 it is
observed that only high frequency and extreme high
frequencies are used. All available spectrum allocations were
shown here.

Table 1
Available spectrum details Figure2: Massive MIMO with several antenna units
Frequency Available
Bandwidth Figure 2 shows that various small units of antennas are
< 6 GHz 0.6-2.5 deployed over selected region and all antennas are to be fed
GHz with optical link/cable[2,12]. If the base station has complete
knowledge on status of channel, then the usage of Spatial
28 GHz 1 GHz Divison Multiplexing is simple. If the system is able to use
39 GHz 1.5 Ghz SDM, inturn it is preferable to use MIMO over network[1,5].
45 GHz 6-7Ghz Operation of Up-link is easy so that the base station can send
60 GHz 7GHz test signal to all terminals. Based on response from all
terminals, it can estimate the response of channel. This process
To achieve considerable Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) is considerable in conventional MIMO but quite complex in
(preferebly 19 dB), it is necessary to achieve suitable Air- massive MIMO systems. This problem will be solved by
interface and to design proper network architecture. applying Time Divison Duplexing (TDD) to uplink model
[10].
II. PPOPOSED NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
Before To address and solve all problems stated above is a
B. Distributed Antenna System (DAS):
huge task for the network provider. Further, the provider has
to change or modify the cellular architecture [9]. Let, assume DAS system consists of both electronic and optical
that 80% of the traffic is generated from indoor coverage and components. The following figure3 shows the DAS system
20% traffic is from outdoor coverage [4]. The traditional supoorted with Optical connection[8].
architecture is not differentiating the service as inddor/outdoor
[3,6]. The same base station is serving for both in and out door

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 Figure3: Fiber Fed DAS systems
modifications in operator environment. DAS equipment
In this system, the signal can be transmitted through fiber initially will convert the RF signal into optical signal. This
cable and thus in turn connects to the RF Antennas. Remote optical signal carried through defined remote equipment. This
units should be placed to convert optical signal into RF signal equipment is located at Utility poll where it convert signal
and they can be transmitted to the near receivers[1,2,6,7]. back to RF and transmit to low profile small antenna. The
Optical receiver is one of the promising methods to use in following Figure 4 shows typical DAS system [11,15].
DAS technology. This repeater didn’t require any

Figure 4: Typical DAS system

Typically, the antennas has 1 meter to 1.50 meters in height
and the diameter is same as pole and according to the city
terrain structure and utility rules, the height of the antenna
may varry from situation to situation. The distance between
the mobile station and DAS system is very less, so that less RF
energy is transmitted by the device. This process will increase
the life of battery life. The user of fiber will enable the huge
bandwidth which inturn support high data rates. An operator
may have licenses for cellular (850 MHz), PCS (1.9 GHz),
AWS (2.1 GHz), TV (700 MHz), MSS (2 GHz) or 4G (2.6
GHz) bands, or some combination of the two or three of these

250 2014 First International Conference on Networks & Soft Computing

frequency bands. Outdoor BSs will be equipped with large
antenna arrays with some antenna elements (also large antenna
arrays) distributed around the cell and connected to the BS via
optical fibers, benefiting from both DAS and massive MIMO
technologies. The mobile users are equipped with less number
of elements (Antenna) but they can communicate with each
other and they will form normalized array pattern. This array
system will not connect physically but virtually they will form
array system. At the end of every building block, we have to
create physically connected antenna array which consists of
hundreds of elements. These antenna arrays will talk/share
information with outside Base station preferably in line of
sight. Wireless access points will be arranged inside building
with the aid of optical cables. This set up may increase
installation and maintanance cost but defenetely will increase
spectral efficiency and energy efficiency.
III. CONCLUSION
In this article the key technologies massive MIMO and DAS
was analyzed in detail. The model architectures of MIMO and
DAS were shown. From analysis, it is clear that the spectral
and energy efficiency is possible if the designer resolves the
issues of indoor and outdoor traffic. Short range
communication technogogies are suitable for inddor
applications and larger antenna systems were suggested for
outdoor services. There should be a proper synchronization
between indoor and outdoor traffic handling procedure. As no
more myth, there is a great opportunity to exist 5G networks
by the end of 2020.
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2014 First International Conference on Networks & Soft Computing
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