1.

Roles of Information Systems in Business

Information systems provide business analysis and assist with business processes.

Information Storage and Analysis

. Through the adoption of information systems, companies can make use of sophisticated and
comprehensive databases that can contain all imaginable pieces of data about the company. Information
systems store, update and even analyze the information, which the company can then use to pinpoint
solutions to current or future problems.

Assist With Making Decisions

. The business uses information systems to evaluate information from all sources, including information
from external references such as Reuters or Bloomberg, which provide information on the general
economy. This analysis of and comparison to market trends helps organizations analyze the adequacy
and quality of their strategic decisions.

Assist With Business Processes

Information systems aid businesses in developing a larger number of value added-systems in the
company.

Considerations

Companies should have leadership in place to assess the adequacy of the decision to have an
information system and to guide the company through the transition phase and weigh information
systems cost against the potential benefits.

A. Impacts of Information Technology on Businesses

Information technology has had a major impact on various aspects of businesses. Let’s take a look at
some of these here.

1. Cloud Computing

The concept of cloud computing is immensely popular among businesses owing to the efficiency in
business operations that it provides. Cloud computing utilizes information technology to capitalize on its
ability to provide improved agility and time and resource management for businesses.

2. Automation of Business Processes

The movement towards increased automation of business processes has gained traction over the years.
It improves efficiency and increases workflow considerably.
Information technology helps in developing automated processes for businesses. This not only helps in
reducing the cost of operation but also saves time. The time saved can be utilized to focus on other
tasks, thus speeding up business processes significantly.

3. Working Remotely

Implementation of information technology provides the ability to remotely access your company’s
network. As a result, it equips employees with the ability to get the work done even if they are not
physically present at the workplace.

5. Protecting Information

This is where information technology becomes relevant. It provides the right resources to store the
information in a way that ensures maximum protection.

6. Providing Customer Satisfaction

Customer experience and satisfaction are crucial aspects of all businesses. The key to customer
satisfaction is a strong customer support team and its availability to cater to the requirements of the
customers.

Information technology provides the best tools for communicating with customers and solving their
problems in real time. It has unlocked the facilities like Email, social media and other messaging
platforms for this purpose.

7. Management of Resources

A business has a variety of resources. These may include financial resources, human resources and so on.
For large organizations, managing resources becomes quite difficult. Information technology plays a vital
role in managing these resources effortlessly by introducing a wide range of feasible solutions.

8. Open Source Software

Information technology has paved the way for various open source software that allow free usage of
certain tools for various organizations. The primary benefit of open source software is its flexible license.
This allows modifications to the source code. This means that you have the facility to customize its
functions according to your requirements.

B.Types of technology system in the businesses

1.Hardware:

Certain types of hardware can streamline many of your daily business management and administrative
tasks and help you stay organized as you get your business going. Knowing what types of tools and
equipment to invest will help you save money and maximize your startup budget.
a.Desktop Computer or Workstation

Whether you’re using custom desktop computers to multi-user workstations, make sure you’re working
with a reputable company for your computing needs. You’ll need products that will last for several years
and hardware that will require minimal upkeep or maintenance. Work with a company that can design a
custom computer system specifically for your business needs.

b. External Hard Drive

External hard drives can protect valuable and sensitive business data in the event of an accident, such as
a fire. You can use these as back-up devices for certain types of data and even invest in a system with
built-in locks and extra layers of security to prevent theft.

c. Network Server Solution

If your business will need any type of network to support your database, email applications, and other
files, you’ll need to set up a network server. You can choose from several server solutions based on the
amount of storage you need, security requirements, and backup options. Work with a specialist to
ensure you are buying the right package based on current and future needs.

d. Wireless Router

Keep your office or workspace connected to the Internet wirelessly with a wireless router. A strong
wireless connection can ensure high-speed connectivity to all linked computers and mobile devices. If
you have a small space, keep in mind that working wirelessly will reduce the need for extra cables
running in and around your office.

f. Laser-Jet Printer

Whether you plan to print out all of your marketing materials or just need to handle basic jobs, invest in
a high-quality laser-jet printer for fast printing times and energy savings. B.Software:

Software is loaded on to computer to provide specific types of functionally productivity tools,such as

Microsoft excel,a financial spread sheet system,can perform many of the most common tasks a small
businesses requires Microsoft power point or Apple key note allow users to prepare professional looking
sales presentation quickly and easily.others like accounting systems ,inventory control system customer
relationship management system and millions of others title are available ,each developed to perform
specific tasks.

Eg.

Internet browser:Firefox, Google Chrome, Internet Explorer

Movie player :VLC, Windows Media Player Yes

Operating system :Android, iOS, Linux, macOS, Windows

Photo / Graphics program: Adobe PhotoShop, CorelDRAW

C. Database Software Systems For Business

But databases don’t store, manage and analyze this information on their own. The right database
software system — also called a database management system (DBMS) — is critical to maximize
performance and minimize IT headaches.

Examples of the best Database systems available for business

Oracle.

Microsoft SQL Server.

MySQL.

PostgreSQL.

Microsoft Access.

Teradata.

IBM DB2.

Informix.

SAP ASE.

Amazon’s SimpleDB.

D.Infrastructure of Information Technology in the businesses

As business needs and available technologies advance, organizations can use a more diverse assortment
of data center infrastructure types to meet business goals. While these infrastructure types are not
necessarily mutually exclusive, they are rarely discussed together.

An immutable infrastructure is an approach to managing services and software deployments on IT

resources wherein components are replaced, rather than changed.

A composable infrastructure is a framework that treats physical compute, storage and network fabric
resources as services.

A dynamic infrastructure is a framework that can automatically provision and adjust itself as workload
demands change.

A critical infrastructure is a framework for which assets are so essential that their continued operation is
required to ensure the security of a given nation, its economy and the public's health and safety.
A contact-center infrastructure is a framework composed of the physical and virtual resources that a
call-center facility needs to operate effectively.

A cloud infrastructure includes an abstraction layer that virtualizes resources and logically presents them
to users over the internet through application program interfaces and API-enabled command-line or
graphical interfaces.

A dark infrastructure is the part of a framework that is composed of undocumented, but active,
software or services whose existence and function is unknown to system administrators -- despite the
fact it may be integral to the continued operation of documented infrastructure. C.Types of IS or IT
policy in the businesses.
IT maintains certain policies with regard to the use and security of its computer systems, networks, and
information resources. All users of these facilities, including technology developers, end users, and
resource administrators, are expected to be familiar with these policies and the consequences of
violation.

These policies are currently in effect:

Data/Log Retention Policy

Regarding the retention period for logs and data.

DHCP Usage Logs Policy

Regarding the creation, retention and privacy of DHCP logs.

Google Analytics

Regarding the use of Google Analytics to capture DLC website usage.

IS&T Web Server Access Logs Policy

Regarding Web server access logs retained by IS&T.

IT Staff Access to Confidential Data Policy

Regarding IT staff access to private or sensitive information within MIT enterprise systems.

User Accounts Password Policy

Regarding standards for establishing strong passwords by account owners.

User Accounts Policy

Regarding the creation of user accounts with IS&T.

2.Assessment of IT or IS system encase of Eastern industry Human resource
department.
A.The weakness and strength of its IS in achieving the businesses objectives.

Weakness:

Fault management of files due to lack of education man power.

Security management problem

Data may attack by viruses

Some IS platform are run by network connection which is costy

To build IS infrastructure it needs resources which may not match with economic feasibility of an
organization .

Strength:

Easy to manage if property used

Easy to update the organization activities

Interconnection and integrity with different parent organization

If property used,is means of Handling an organization activity in secured way.

B.Technology they use: they use hardware,software ,database and other infrastructure.
Eg. System unit

Storage devices

Keyboard

Monitor

Printer

Speaker

Modem.

C.other IT infrastructure:
Full system of server /centeral computer/ system which is accessed by different branch of organization

Fax system
D.How it impacted that businesses service?
It impact the organization if the Economic feasibility of the IS is not matched with that organization.

Eg.costy to build the IS infrastructure

Costy to repair the damaged system

Almost professioned man power to manage it

Lack of infrastructure which aids the customer to access the organization through

electronic device.

E.The management decision of the weakness or strength of IS.

a.strength:

The main strength of the information governance approach is that it enables organisation to
take pragmatic measures in the short term to tackle key pain points or cost points:

If they are paying a fortune keeping their entire shared drive on expensive first tier shortage
they can use analytics tools to identify redundant, outdated, trivial or rarely looked at content
and either dispose of it or move it to cheaper storage. Organisations often lease such tools on a
short term basis for particular projects/cases, rather than taking out perpetual licences.

If organisations are facing problems responding to eDiscovery requests they can deploy (or their
eDiscovery service provider can deploy) an indexing engine to index shared drives, e-mail
accounts and SharePoint sites; apply legal holds; and support the review process

b.Weakness:

The lack of focus on the information needs of internal end-users is not surprising. This is an
information governance approach that is being adopted as a records management approach.
Information governance and records management are different professional perspectives, with
different histories and aims. Neither can be reduced to the other without giving up some of its
core aspirations.

F.Their data management policy

Their data management mechanisms is organized through different software: RDBMS (related data base
management system) _SQL

Some local data are simply organized through access ,excel and such like software.

Also some are in the form of title with out any data base system.