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orthostatic hypotension, avoid alcohol, should take at bedtime due to drowsiness and sedation
■■ SSRIs – fluoxetine (Prozac)
■■ SNRIs – venlafaxine
a week
Anticholinergic effects
Haloperidol EPS
Tardive dyspnea: tongue thrusting and lip smacking, facial grimacing and eye
blinking
Dystonia: repetitive muscular contraction cause twisting of the body
Clozapine
Agranulocytosis
■■ Atypical antipsychotics – risperidone (Risperdal)
Prostaglandin, latanoprost
DRUG FOR RETINAL DETACHMENT:
Phenylephrine (mydriatic meds) dilate pupil after surgeries
Sympathomimetics
■■ Decongestants – phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
Antianginals
■■ Nitrates – nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitro-Dur), isosorbide (Isordil)
work immediately
■■ Factor Xa inhibitor – enoxaparin (Lovenox)
■■ Vitamin K inhibitor – warfarin (Coumadin), interact with ginkgo biloba (suppress coagulant
Antiplatelets
■■ Salicylics – aspirin (Ecotrin)
Injectable hypoglycemics
■■ Insulin – lispro (Humalog), Regular (Humulin R), insulin glargine (Lantus)
NPH (Humulin N) peaks 6-14hr-> eat snake after 8hr to prevent hypoglycemia then
recheck in 15 mins
■■ Amylin mimetics – pramlintide (Symlin)
Alkylating agents
☐☐ Nitrogen mustards – cyclophosphamide
Antimitotics
☐☐ Vinca alkaloid – vincristine
Enzyme inhibitors
☐☐ Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) – zidovudine (Retrovir)
medications
■■ NSAIDs (COX-2 inhibitor) – celecoxib (Celebrex)
Opioid analgesics
■■ Opioid agonists – morphine
■■ Azoles – ketoconazole
Colesevepam for low density lipoprotein level-> take this meds 4hr after other meds
Take out subclavian venous cath-> use Valsalva maneuver by holding breath and bearing down->
prevent air from entering lumen, hear, and pulmonary circulation, flat position or Trendelenburg
IM injection: inject to deltoid if 0.5-1ml, 2in below acrmonion process, 23-25 gauze
IV: dorsal metacarpal vein
Other: cephalic, basilica
Cause pain-> meet the nerve ends-> remove and reinsert
IV fluid volume excess: crackles upon auscultation-> dyspnea
Infiltration: edema at injection site, damp dressing
Phlebitis: erythema, throbbing pain, warmth, streak formation
Venipuncture: antecubital fossa (forearm)
Cath policy: clean perineal twice daily, ONLY IRRIGATE IF OBSTRUCTION, CHANGE IF BLOCKAGE->
check for kinks or twisting to prevent infection
Spina bifida: catherize every 4hr
Change in length = dislodgment, catheter occlusion = diff administer fluids
NG: 15-30ml water after each medication, prior administration, after givng multiple medications
HERBS:
Echianeca boots immunue system, treat fever-> reduce meds treat TB
Ginger treat vertigo and motion sickness
Ginkgo biloba increase ability to walk futher sistance
Saw palmetto blocks testosterone receptors, relieve urinary frequency
Black cohos relieve menopausal symptoms: hot flashes
Feverfew prevent migraine, increase risk for bleeding due to suppress platelet
Valerian promotes sleep
Milk thistle reduces effectiveness of oral contraceptives
Ephedra elevate BP
Comfrey wound healing
Licorice treat GI problems
Chamomile calming agents
Garlic lower cholesterol
Isofamide, antineoplastic stop cancer-> renal failure
Vincristine, antineoplastic-> paresthesia and paralysis
Daunorubin antitumor-> cause edema and dyspnea, cardiomyopathy