Break-Up of Questions: Mechanics Sound Heat Electromagnetism Optics Modern Physics 6 2 2 5 2 3

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IIT-JEE 2003 Mains Questions & Solutions - Physics
(The questions are based on memory)
Break-up of questions:
Mechanics Sound Heat Electromagnetism Optics Modern Physics

6 2 2 5 2 3
1. N divisions on the main scale of a vernier callipers coincide with N + 1 divisions

on the vernier scale. If each division on the main scale is of a units, determine the
least count of the instrument.
[2]
Sol. Least count of vernier callipers = value of one division of main scale - value of
one division of vernier scale
Now N × a = (N + 1)a′ {a′ = value of one division of vernier scale)
N
a' = a
N +1
a
∴ Least count = a - a ' = N + 1
2. Characteristic X-rays of frequency 4.2 × 1018 Hz are produced when transitions

from L shell to K shell take place in a certain target material. Use Mosley's law to
determine the atomic number of the target material. Given Rydberg constant R =
1.1 × 107 m-1.
[2]
Sol. According to Bohr's model
1 1
∆E = λv = Rhc(z − b )2  2 − 2 
1 2  for L → K
v=
3Rc
(z − 1)
4 (b = 1)
3 × 1.1 × 107 × 3 × 108

4.2 × 1018 =
4 (z − 1)
Solving (z − 1) = 41.194
z ≈ 42
3. In a resonance tube experiment to determine the speed of sound in air, a pipe of

diameter 5 cm is used. The air column in pipe resonates with a tuning fork of
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frequency 480 Hz when the minimum length of the air column is 16 cm. Find the
speed of sound in air at room temperature.
[2]
V
= 480
Sol. 4[L + 0.6r ]
∴ V = 480 × 4 × [0.16 + 0.6 × 0.025] = 336 m/s
4. An insulated box containing a monatomic gas of molar mass M moving with a

speed vo is suddenly stopped. Find the increment in gas temperature as a result of
stopping the box.
[2]
Sol. Decrease in kinetic energy = Increase in internal energy.
1 2 m R
mv = ∆T
2 M γ −1
1 2 1 3
v = R∆T
2 M 2
Mv2
∆T =
3R
+q -q
5. Eight point charges are placed at
the corners of a cube of edge a as -q +q
shown in the figure. Find the work
done in disassembling this system
+q
of charges. -q
+q -q
[2]
Sol. For potential energy total number of charge pairs = 28.
Let U1 = Potential energy of charge pairs with separation a (12 pairs)
U2 = Potential energy of charge pairs with separation 2 a (12 pairs)
U3 = Potential energy of charge pairs with separation 3 a (4 pairs)

− 12 Kq 2  1 
U1 = K = 
a  4πεo 
12 Kq 2
U2 =
2a
− 4 Kq 2
U3 =
3a
U = total potential energy of system = U1 + U2 + U3
Kq 2  12 4  Kq 2
 − 12 + −  − 5.824
= a  2 3= a
When the charges are separated to infinity, potential energy U∞= 0
Kq 2
Change in energy = 0 - (-5.824 a ) = 5.824
Kq 2
So work done by external force = change in potential energy = 5.824 a
6. Show by diagram, how can we use a rheostat as the potential divider.

[2]
Sol.
Load
C
A B
E
+ −
7. A radioactive element decays by β emission. A detector records n beta particles in

2 seconds and in next 2 seconds it records 0.75n beta particles. Find mean life
correct to nearest whole number. Given ln |2| = 0.6931, ln |3| = 1.0986.
[2]
− λt
Sol. N = N oe
N 2 = N o e −2λ
and N 4 = N o e −4λ
∴ (
n = N o − N 2 = N o 1 − e −2λ )
and 0.75 n = N o e ( −e−2 λ −4 λ
)
Solving we get,
λ = 0.145 s-1
1
Average life = = 6.896 second.
λ
8. A man and a mass m are initially y

situated on the diametrically
opposite ends as shown in the
figure. At some instant they start
moving with constant speeds v1 and
m
v2. If the man moves in j direction O x
and mass moves in a circle of
radius r as shown in the figure.
r
Find the linear momentum of mass [2]
with respect to man as a function of
time.
Sol. Let at any time t mass is situated as y

shown. v2
v2 = −v2 sin θiˆ + v2 cos θˆj
= v1 90−θ
θ
 2v   2v  θ
− v2 sin 2 t iˆ + v2 cos 2 t  ˆj
 r   r  x
r
v2 = ω
∵ 2
z
Relative velocity of the mass with r
respect to the person is
= v2 − v1
 2v    2v  
− v2 sin  2 .t iˆ +  v2 cos 2 .t  − v1  ˆj
=  r    r  
Relative momentum of mass with respect to the person will be
  2v    2v   
m2  − v2 sin  2 .t iˆ +  v2 cos 2 .t  − v1  ˆj 
  r    r   
9. In the figure, light is incident on the

µ1 µ3
thin lens as shown. The radius of µ2
curvature for both the surfaces is R.
Determine the focal length of this
system.
[2]
Sol. For refraction at 1’st surface,
µ 2 1  µ2 1
− =  − 1
µ1v1 u  µ1 R
u= ∞
1 (µ 2 − µ1 )
=
∴ v1 µ 2 .R (1)
For refraction at 2’nd surface,
µ3 1  µ − µ2 
− =  3 
µ 2 .v v1  µ 2 .R 
Now v = f, by putting the value of v1 from (1)
µ3 R
f =
∴ µ3 − µ1
10. In a photoelectric effect experiment, i

photons with kinetic energy = 5 eV are
incident on a metal surface having work 8
function 3 eV. For intensity of incident 6
photons I A = 10 W/m2 saturation current
5
4
of 4 µA is obtained. Sketch the graph 2
between i and anode voltage for I A and
I B = 2I A . O 1 2 3 4 V
[2]
Sol. Since doubling the intensity doubles the number of photoelectrons, therefore the
saturation current will be doubled in the later case.
i
8
IB
6
4
IA
2
V -4 -3 -2 -1 O 1 2 3 4 V
11. A soap bubble is being blown at the end of a very

narrow tube of radius b. Air (density ρ) moves b r
with a velocity v inside the tube and comes to rest v
inside the bubble. The surface tension of the soap
solution is T. After some time the bubble, having
grown to a radius r, separates from the tube. Find
the value of r. Assume that r >> b so that your can
consider the air to be falling normally on the
bubble's surface. [4]
Sol. Surface Tension force = 2π b × 2T sin θ θ

Tsinθ
Mass of the air per second entering the bubble =
ρ Av T
b
θ
Momentum of air per second = Force due to air = T
ρ Av 2
θ
Tsinθ
The bubble will separate from the tube when force
due to moving air becomes equal to the surface
tension force inside the bubble.
2π b × 2T sin θ = ρ Av 2
b
putting sin θ = , A = π b 2 and solving we get
r
4T
r=
ρv 2
R
12. There is a crater of depth on the surface of the moon (radius R). A projectile
100
is fired vertically upward from the crater with a velocity, which is equal to the
escape velocity v from the surface of the moon. Find the maximum height attained
by the projectile.
[4]
Sol. Let particle be projected from A and B
it reaches to point B at a height h
from surface. h
It is projected with escape velocity
2GM R/100
= R A
Energy at A = energy at B.
K. E. + P. E. (at A) = P. E. at B
1 2GM GmM  2  99  2 2  GMm

m − 3R −   R =−
2 R 2 R3   100   (R + h )
1 2GM 2.0199GmM GMm
m − =−
2 R 2R (R + h )
0.0199GMm GMm
− =−
2R (R + h )
2R
R+h=
0.0199 = 100.5R
h = 99.5 R
13. A positive point charge q is fixed at origin. A dipole with a dipole moment p is
placed along the x-axis far away from the origin with p pointing along positive x-
axis. Find
(a) the kinetic energy of the dipole when it reaches a distance d from the origin, and
(b) the force experienced by the charge q at this moment.
[4]
−1 q
U = p
Sol.(a) 4πεo x 2
1 qp
∴ Kinetic energy at a distance x = d will be = 4πεo d
2
(b)
dU
F =−
dx
− 2qp
F=
4πεo d 3 (-ve sign implies an attractive force)
14. Two infinitely long parallel wires carrying currents

I = I o sin ωt in opposite directions are placed a
distance 3a apart. A square loop of side a of
negligible resistance with a capacitor of
capacitance C is placed in the plane of wires as
shown. Find the maximum current in the square C
loop. Also sketch the graph showing the variation
of charge on the upper plate of the capacitor as a a a
function of time for one complete cycle taking 3a
anticlockwise direction for the current in the loop
[4]
as positive.
Q(t)
O T/4 T/2 3T/4 T t
Sol. In the square loop magnetic field due to both the (1) (2)
wires is out of paper.
For a elemental strip of thickness dx at a distance
x from wire 1, magnetic field due to wire (1) and
(2) will be x
µoi µ oi
B= +
2πx 2π(3a − x )
C
Flux in the strip
µ oi  1 1 
dΦ = B.dA = + .adx
2π  x 3a − x 

µoia
Φ= [ln | x | − ln(3a − x )]2aa
∴ 2π
µ ai
Φ = o sin ωt. ln(2)
π
dΦ ωµ o ai ln(2 )cos ωt dQ
Eind = = I=
dt π Now Q = CEind and dt
Cω2µ o ai ln(2 )sin ωt
i=
∴ π
For imax , sin ωt = 1

Cω2µ o ai ln(2 )
imax =
π
Q(t)
T/4 3T/4
O T/2 T t
15. A ring of radius R having

uniformly distributed charge Q is D
mounted on a rod suspended by R
two identical strings. The tension
in strings in equilibrium is To. A
Now a vertical magnetic field is ω
switched on and ring is rotated at
constant angular velocity ω. Find
B
the maximum ω with which the
ring can be rotated if the strings
can withstand a maximum tension [4]
of 3To/2.
Sol. Let for ω string breaks; 2To = mg, To = mg/2

ω
×Q
current = 2π
Magnetic moment = IA
τ = M × B = IAB
D
= IAB
(T1 - T2) 2
2 IAB
T1 - T2 = D
T1 + T2 = mg
2 IAB
2T1 = + mg
D
2 × 3To 2ωQ × πR 2 × B
= + mg
2 2πD
3mg 2ωQπR 2 × B
= + mg
2 2πD
mg ωQR 2 B
=
2 D
putting, mg/2 = To
DTo
ω=
QR 2 B
0.9 m
16. A liquid of density 900 kg/m3 is filled in a
cylindrical tank of upper radius 0.9 m and lower
radius 0.3 m. A capillary tube of length l is attached
at the bottom of the tank as shown in the figure. The H
capillary has outer radius 0.002 m and inner radius a.
When pressure P is applied at the top of the tank 0.3 m
volume flow rate of the liquid is 8 × 10-6 m3/s and if
capillary tube is detached, the liquid comes out from
the tank with a velocity 10 m/s. Determine the l
coefficient of viscosity of the liquid. [4]
[Given: πa2 = 10-6 m2 and a2/l = 2 × 10-6 m]
Sol. When capillary is not connected

1 1
P + Po + ρgH + ρv12 = ρv22 + Po
2 2
1 2 2
(
p + ρgH = ρ v2 − v1
2
)
A1v1 = A2v2
Av
v1 = 2 2
A1
1  2  A2 2   1 2   3   1
2
 1  800ρ
P + ρgH = ρ v2 −  v2  = ρv2 1 −   = ρ1001 −  =
   
2   A1   2  a  2  a 18
Excess pressure is P + ρ gW
800ρ
∆P =
18
dv πr 4 ∆P
=
dt 8ηl
2 × 10−6 × 10−6 × 800ρ
8 × 10− 6 =
8 × 18 × η
η = 1.25 × 10-3 Ns/m2
17. A string of mass per unit length µ is clamped at both ends such that one end of the
string is at x = 0 and the other is at x = l. When string vibrates in fundamental
mode, amplitude of the mid point of the string is a, and tension in the string is T.
Find the total oscillation energy stored in the string.
[4]
Sol. The amplitude at a distance x from the origin is given by
A = a sin kx
Considering an element of length dx of the string at a distance x from the origin.
The total energy of this element = its maximum kinetic energy
1 1
dmω2 A2 = µdx4π2 f 2a 2 sin 2 kx
= 2 2
= 2 π µf a sin kxdx
2 2 2 2
L
∫ 2π µf a sin kxdx
2 2 2 2
Total energy of the string = 0

L
L  sin 2kx 
π2µf 2 a 2 ∫ (1 − cos 2kx )dx = π2µf 2 a 2  x −
= 0  2  0
 sin 2kL 
π2µf 2 a 2  L −
=  2  = π 2µf 2 a 2 L
4π λ
sin 2kL = sin = sin 2π = 0
Since λ 2
V2 π2 L π2a 2T
π2µ a2L = a2L =
= λ2 4 L2 4L
18. A prism of refracting angle 30o is coated with a A

thin film of transparent material of refractive
index 2.2 on face AC of the prism. A light of 30o
wavelength 6600 Å is incident on face AB such
that angle of incidence is 60o, find
(a) the angle of emergence, and
[Given refractive index of the material of the B C
prism is 3 ] [4]
(b) the minimum value of thickness of the coated
film on the face AC for which the light emerging
from the face has maximum intensity.
Sol.(a) 1.sin 60o = 3 . sin r A

1
sin r = 30 o
∴ 2 ⇒ r = 30o o D 60o α E
60 30o
In ∆ADE
30 + (90 − 30 ) + α = 180
α = 90o B C
∴ Ray refracted on the first surface of
the prism is incident normally on the face
AC.
Hence it will emerge undeviated.
∴ angle of emergence is zero.
(b) Intensity will be maximum if constructive interference takes place in the
transmitted system.
2µt = nλ
λ
t=
2µ (n = 1 for minimum thickness)
6000
tmin = = 1500
2 × 2.2 Å
19. Two point masses m1 and m2 are connected by a spring of natural length lo. The
spring is compressed such that the two point masses touch each other and then
they are fastened by a string. Then the system is moved with a velocity vo along
positive x-axis. When the system reaches the origin the strings breaks (t = 0). The
position of the point mass m1 is given by
x1 = vot − A(1 − cos ωt ) where A and ω are constants.
Find the position of the second block as a function of time. Also find the relation
between A and lo .
[4]
Sol. Since there is no external force, momentum of the system is conserved.
+ m2 2 = (m1 + m2 )vo
dx1 dx
m1
⇒ dt dt
m2 2 = (m1 + m2 )vo − m1 1
dx dx
⇒ dt dt
= (m1 + m2 )vo − m1 (vo − Aω sin ωt )
= m2vo + m1aω sin ωt
dx2 m
= vo + 1 Aω sin ωt
⇒ dt m2
t m1 Aω t
x2 = ∫ vo dt + ∫ sin ωtdt vot +
m1
(1 − cos ωt )
0 m2 0 = m2
x2 − x1 = 1 (1 − cos ωt ) + A(1 − cos ωt )

mA
m2
Maximum value of x2 - x1 = 2lo
2m1 A 2(m1 + m2 )A (m1 + m2 )A
2lo = + 2A = lo =
⇒ m2 m2 ⇒ m2
20. The top of an insulated cylindrical

container is covered by a disc
having emissivity 0.6 and Oil out
conductivity 0.167 W/K/m and
thickness 1 cm. The temperature is
maintained by circulating oil as Oil in
shown.
[4]
(a) Find the radiation loss to the
surroundings in J/m2/s if
temperature of the upper surface of
disc is 127 oC, and temperature of
surroundings is 27oC.
(b) Also find the temperature of the
circulating oil. Neglect the heat
loss due to convection.
[Given σ = 17 × 10-8 Wm-2K-4].
3
20. (a) Rate of heat loss per unit area due to radiation
=
( )
eσ T 4 − To4 = 0.6 ×
17
3
[
× 10−8 (400)4 − (300)4 ]
= 595 J/m2. s
(b) Suppose temperature of oil is θ then rate of heat flow through conduction = rate of
heat loss due to radiation.
0.167 × A(θ − 127 )
=
∴ 1 × 10−2 595 A [A = area of the disc]
After solving we get,
θ = 162.6 oC.

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INDIANET @IIT-JEE, Where technology meets education!

Visual Physics, Maths & Chemistry; Classroom & Online Courses.

Mechanics Sound Heat Electromagnetism Optics Modern Physics

1. N divisions on the main scale of a vernier callipers coincide with N + 1 divisions

2. Characteristic X-rays of frequency 4.2 × 1018 Hz are produced when transitions

3 × 1.1 × 107 × 3 × 108

3. In a resonance tube experiment to determine the speed of sound in air, a pipe of

4. An insulated box containing a monatomic gas of molar mass M moving with a

U3 = Potential energy of charge pairs with separation 3 a (4 pairs)

6. Show by diagram, how can we use a rheostat as the potential divider.

7. A radioactive element decays by β emission. A detector records n beta particles in

8. A man and a mass m are initially y

Sol. Let at any time t mass is situated as y

9. In the figure, light is incident on the

10. In a photoelectric effect experiment, i

11. A soap bubble is being blown at the end of a very

Sol. Surface Tension force = 2π b × 2T sin θ θ

1 2GM GmM  2  99  2 2  GMm

14. Two infinitely long parallel wires carrying currents

O T/4 T/2 3T/4 T t

For imax , sin ωt = 1

15. A ring of radius R having

Sol. Let for ω string breaks; 2To = mg, To = mg/2

Sol. When capillary is not connected

Total energy of the string = 0

18. A prism of refracting angle 30o is coated with a A

Sol.(a) 1.sin 60o = 3 . sin r A

x2 − x1 = 1 (1 − cos ωt ) + A(1 − cos ωt )

20. The top of an insulated cylindrical

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