DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND INSTRUMENTATION TECHNOLOGY

NEURAL NETWORK IN CONTROL SYSTEM

ABSTRACT
Neural networks have the potential for very complicated behavior. They consist of many interconnected
simple nonlinear systems, which are typically modeled by sigmoid functi- ons. The massive
interconnections of the rather simple neurons. Which make up the hu- man brain, provided the original
motivation for the neural network models. The terms artificial neural networks and connectionist
models are typically used to distinguish them from the biological networks of neurons of living
organisms. In a neural network, the simple nonlinear elements called nodes or neurons are
interconnected, and the strengths of the interconnections are denoted by parameters called weights.
The weights are adjusted depending on the task at hand, to improve performance. They can be assigned
new values in two ways: either determine via some prescribed off-line algorithm-remaining fixed during
operation-or adjusted via a learning process. Learning is accomplished by, first adjusting these weights
step by step and, then, storing these best values as the actual strengths of the interconnections. The
interconnections and their strength provide the memory, which is necessary in a learning process.
The ability to learn is one of the main advantages that make the neural networks so
attractive. They also have the capability of performing massive parallel processing.which is in
contrast to the von Neumann machines-the conventional digital computers in which the
instructions are executed sequentially.Neural networks can also provide, in principle, significant
fault tolerance, since damage to a few links need not significantly impair the overall
performance. Neural networks are characterized by their network topology-that is, by the
number of interconnections, the node characteristics that are classified by the type of nonlinear
elements used, and the kind of learning rules implemented. The multilayer perceptron neural
network is built up of simple components. We will begin with a single-input neuron, which we
will then extend to multiple inputs.We will next stack these neurons together to produce layers.
Finally, we will cascade the layers together to form the network. A single-input neuron is shown
in Figure 1. The scalar input p is multiplied by the scalar
weight w to form wp, one of the terms that is sent to the
summer.The other input, 1 , is multiplied by a bias b and
then passed to the summer. The summer output n ,often
referred to as the net input, goes into a transfer function ,
which produces the scalar neuron output a.
The neuron output is calculated as
a=f(wp+b)
Applications of neural networks
Character Recognition - The idea of character recognition has become very important as
handheld devices like the Palm Pilot are becoming increasingly popular. Neural networks can be
used to recognize handwritten characters.
Image Compression - Neural networks can receive and process vast amounts of information
at once, making them useful in image compression. With the Internet explosion and more sites
using more images on their sites, using neural networks for image compression is worth a look.
Stock Market Prediction - The day-to-day business of the stock market is extremely
complicated. Many factors weigh in whether a given stock will go up or down on any given day.
Since neural networks can examine a lot of information quickly and sort it all out, they can be
used to predict stock prices.
Traveling Saleman's Problem - Interestingly enough, neural networks can solve the
traveling salesman problem, but only to a certain degree of approximation.
Medicine, Electronic Nose, Security, and Loan Applications - These are some
applications that are in their proof-of-concept stage, with the acception of a neural network
that will decide whether or not to grant a loan, something that has already been used more
successfully than many humans.
Miscellaneous Applications - These are some very interesting (albeit at times a little
absurd) applications of neural networks.

NAME:MOHAMMED OMMER RATHER

ROLL NO:13160100012