Changes

Tunes to analyse:
almost like being in love, All The Things You Are, ill remember april, ornithology, alone together, out
of nowhere, yardbird suite, love for sale, I remember you, green dolphin, I thought about you, you’d
be so nice, prelude to a kiss, darn that dream, I love you, yardbird suite, love for sale, autumn leaves,
twnbay, our love is her to stay, bernies tune, black Orpheus, moanin, bye bye blackbird, in a
sentimental mood gee baby ain’t I good to you, rhythm changes, have you met miss jones, what’s
new, four, Take the A train, grooving high, gone with the wind, Come rain or come shine, the way
you look tonight, Body and soul, just friends, stella by starlight, it could happen to you, days of wine
and roses, easy living, woody n you, Cherokee, misty, dewey square, night and day, Tune up,
moanin, doxy, sophisticated lady, remember, wave, when sunny gets blue, giant steps, You don’t
know what love is, old devil moon, speak low, A foggy day, I can’t get started, satin doll
Standard progressions:

backdoor
Variations – to the I, to the iii, IV-6, iv7 – bVII7, just the dominant, from the ii, from iii-VI)

Standards - all the things you are, yardbird suite, love for sale, I remember you, four, I thought about
you, darn that dream, There will never be another you

251 up 4th
Variations – from I, from vi, I7 – IV, up a 4th

Standards - I remember you, I thought about you, you’d be so nice to come home to, There will
never be another you, prelude to a kiss, rhythm changes, the way you look tonight, autumn leaves

Night and day progression, #IV-7b5 – iv-6 - iii

Variations – iv dim, iv-7, I chord 1st inversion with 3rd in the bass

Standards – Night and day, when sunny gets blue, in a sentimental mood,

25up half step

variation – bVI-V-I) – 251

Standards - out of nowhere, darn that dream (2 examples), Have you met miss jones, ornithology,
bye bye blackbird, you’d be so nice to come home to, just friends

ii-V-I-IV
Standards– All the things you are, autumn leaves

Dominant chord up 4th, I-IV7

variation – into rel. min ii-V-I, turnaround to ii

Standards - Our love is here to stay, I thought about you, blues

Turnarounds:

1625/3625
Variations - all dominant and tri-tone substitutions, biii diminished, bIIImaj7-bVImaj7-bIImaj7 tri-
tone maj7 turnaround, different combinations of variations

Can cycle all the way from ii-V of iii in many arrangements. Also can carry on the cycle beyond the I
chord.

Frank Sinatra Love is here to stay, arranged round the cycle of 4ths -

iii-VI-ii-V-I-IV- rel. min ii-V-I – II7 – V - I

Standards - ornithology, out of nowhere, yardbird suite, I remember you, green dolphin street, I
thought about you, darn that dream, our love is here to stay

Turnaround to ii
Variations – 1236, 1436, dominant descending, biii dim, all the same subs as 1625

Standards – I remember you, On Green Dolphin Street, I thought about you, I love you, there will
never be another you, our love is here to stay
Diminished:
biii diminished
Variations – from 1, ascending between ii and iii, descending between iii and ii

Standards - almost like being in love, all the things you are, out of nowhere, prelude to a kiss, darn
that dream, our love is here to stay

IV - #IV dim
Variations – often a substitute for ii-biii dim-iii

Standards – I – gee baby aint I good to you, rhythm changes, our love is here to stay
Min ii-V progressions:

Rel. Min ii-V-i

Standards – all the things you are, alone together, love for sale, green dolphin street, I thought about
you, You’d be so nice to come home to, there will never be another you, black Orpheus, autumn
leaves

ii-V of iii
Variations – maj or min 25, into I, into iii (..625), into rel min 251, pivot chords into key change up
maj 3rd

Standards – love for sale, I remember you, green dolphin street, I thought about you, You’d be so
nice to come home to, prelude to a kiss, there will never be another you

Min ii-V-I(maj)
Standards – I love you, alone together, ill remember april, prelude to a kiss

Min iii-VI- ii
Variations – II7

Standards– ill remember april, alone together, love for sale, prelude to a kiss, darn that dream, I love
you, there will never be another you

Min i-VI-ii-V
Variations – all dominant and tri-tone substitutions, bVImaj7

Standards– alone together, moanin, bernie’s tune, you’d be so nice to come home to

bVI7-V7-i
Variations – substitution for min ii-V-i

Standards – ornithology, you’d be so nice to come home to, bernies tune, alone together, autumn
leaves

bVImaj7-V7-i
Standards – you don’t know what love is

Min 251 up 4th

Variations – between 25of3 and rel min 251, between rel min251 and min36-2

Standards – black Orpheus, alone together, you’d be so nice to come home to

V into rel min (variations– V–III7alt-vi, V-dim up half step-vi) - prelude to a kiss

ii into III7alt-vi – darn that dream, gone with the wind, come rain or come shine

ii – VI7alt – ii – Out of nowhere, bye bye blackbird, yardbird suite, our love is here to stay, body and
soul

bVII-VI7alt-ii (variation – II7) – Our love is here to stay, yardbird suite

min progressions:

Min walkdown (variations – between ii and vii, between vi and 25of3) – alone together, green
dolphin street, I thought about you

min(maj7) – min7 cliché (variations – on ii (kessel love here to stay), iii, vi) – out of nowhere, bye bye
blackbird, in a sentimental mood

Maj – parallel minor (variations – key centre parallel minor, parallel major of relative minor) – ill
remember april, green dolphin street, alone together, ornithology
Unaltered dominant chords:

II7 (variations – min36-II7, from the I, from the vi, substitute in a 251, vi min walk down to 1st
inversion with 3 on the bottom. Can continue to walk down from 3 to root of II7. Min7b5 also acts as
a substitute (barney kessel, Rosemary Clooney love is here to stay)) – yardbird suite, love for sale, I
remember you, I thought about you, Take the A train, youd be so nice to come home to, Prelude to a
kiss, I love you, there will never be another you, Our love is here to stay

III7 – all of me, darn that dream, prelude to a kiss, in a sentimental mood

VI –

VII – Prelude to a kiss, (Barney kessel descends VII-bVII-VI in Love is here to stay, all unaltered)

IV7 – love for sale, gee baby aint I good to you, blues
Maj7 tritone substitutions:

Maj7 tritone turnaround

bIImaj7 –
Standards –

Recordings -

bIIImaj7 –
Standards –

Recordings – Frank Sinatra Love is here to stay intro,

bVImaj7
Standards – Night and Day

Recordings -
Parallel chord movements:

Half step descending maj 7 – green dolphin street, (bIImaj7-Imaj7 rosemary Clooney our love is here
to stay outro)

Half step Ascending min7 – prelude to a kiss

Half step Descending min7 (variation – add 5 chord of half step) – four, grooving high, darn that
dream, all the things you are

Full step ascending min – darn that dream, come rain or come shine

Full step descending min – dolphin dance

Min 3rd descending min7 – dolphin dance

Dominant cycle –rhythm changes, prelude to a kiss,

V7 – VI7 –

Standards –

Recordings – Ella Fitzgerald Our Love is here to Stay

Modulations:

251 up 4th(as new tonal centre. Variations – from vi of initial key) – bernies tune

25 - 251 down maj 3rd – alone together

251 up maj 3rd – I remember you, have you met miss jones, I love you,

251 down maj 3rd – what’s new, have you met miss jones, darn that dream

251 up min 3rd – green dolphin street, ill remember april, the way you look tonight

251 down min 3rd – almost like being in love, all the things you are, ill remember april

251 down half step – all the things you are

251 down step – ornithology, I remember you

ii-V up a step – almost like being in love

iiVI down a step – almost like being in love

iii becomes rel. min – bernies tune, yardbird suite,