Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Motivation:
Sometimes we have to write a large number like the velocity of the light that is 300.000.000 m/s, it’s
too difficult to write isn’t it?? The alternative way, we can use exponent notation to make it simpler to
write. We can state 300.000.000 only by 3.108
Concept: Example:
A. Positive Integer Exponent 1. State the following in simplest form by
The Definition of Positive Integer using the properties of positive integer
Exponent exponent!
The definition of powered number and a. P2q3 p3q7 = …
positive integer exponent is p 5q 4
If a is a real number and n is positive b. ...
p 2q
integer, then:
c. (2 x3y2)10 = …
a n = a a a a a ……. a 2
8 5
n factors p r ...
Notes: d. qs 2
a is called basic number
n is called power or exponent Answer:
we can write: a1 = a a. P2q3 p3q7 = p2+3.q3+7 = p5.q10
The Properties of Positive Integer p 5q 4
b. p5 2 q 4 1 p3 q3 p q 3
Exponent p 2q
If a and b are real number, while m and n is c. (2 x3y2)10 = 21 . 10.x3 . 10.y2 . 10= 210x30y20
positive integer, then: d.
2
8 5 852 152
1. am =an am + n p r p r p 80 r 10
2. a : an = am – n, where m > n, a 0
m qs 2 q152 s 252 q10 s 20
3. (am )n = am n
4. (a b)n = an bn
n
a an
5. (a : b)n = an : bn. OR n ,
b b
where b 0
Task 1 (Multiple Choice)
5
x2
The simple form of
3
1. is... c.
x2 y2 z3
243 x5
a. 10 d.
x y2 z3
81
b. x5
x10 e.
y2z7
30
c. 3 2
x7 a2 a3
4. The simple form of is...
15 b3 b2
d.
x10
a36
e.
15 a.
b36
x7
3 a17
x2 y3 b.
2. The result of is... b31
z2
a15
x6 y9 c.
a. b31
z6
a12
d.
x6 y 6 b36
b.
z6 a12
e.
x2 y9 b13
c. 3 2
z6 x 3
x 2
5. The result of 4 6 is...
x6 y9 y
y
d.
z2 a. x5
x6 y9 x5
b.
e. z5 y6
x 23
x3 y 3 xy 5 c.
3. The result of is... y6
z5 z2
x 23
x2 y 2 d.
a. y
z3
x2
x2 y 2 e.
b. y
z7
Task 2 (Essay)
Simplify 3 p 2q3 p3q
4 2
1.
.................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
2. Simplify
a b
2 33
a 5b8
.................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
x8 y 6
3. Simplify !
x 2 y 3 x3 y 2
.................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
4. Show that
15 17 5 47 16
30 345
.................................................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................................
Concept:
B. Zero and Negative Integer Exponent Example:
The Definition of Zero Exponent 1. Change into positive exponent form!
a. 2x–5y0 =...
For every real number a, with a 0 b. 7–2ab–3 =…
0 c. (s2t–3) –2 = …
then a =1
5 pq 2
d. ...
The Definition of Negative Integer 31 r
Exponent Answer:
1 2
a. 2x–5y0 = 2 1
For every real number a, with a 0 then x 5
x5
𝟏 𝟏 1 1
−𝒏 𝒏 b. 7–2ab–3 = a
𝒂 = , 𝒂𝒏𝒅 =𝒂 72 b3
𝒂𝒏 𝒂−𝒏
1 t6
c. (s2t–3) –2 = s– 4 t6 = t6
s4 s4
5 pq 2 5 p 3 15 p
d.
31 r q2 r q 2r
Concept:
C. Rational Exponent and Roots 3. Calculate the value of thr following
Transforming Roots to Rational Exponent numbers
1
a n 5 23
n 3
am 4 2
3
16
3 4 3
3
3 4 2
c. 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 22 4
1
Note: a a2
a b c d a c b d
3
c. p2 7
Answer: Simplifying Root Form
3
5
a b ab
a. 25 23
a a
1
b. 27 4
4
27 3 1 4 3 b b
2 3 Example:
3 6
c. p2 7 p 7 p 7 7 p6 1. Simplify the following expression
a. 5 3 10 3
b. 20 125 3 5 a. 6 3 18 9 2 3 2
b. 5 2 5 2
Answer:
a. 5 3 10 3 5 10 3 15 3 5 5 5 2 2 5 2 2
b. 20 125 3 5 4 5 25 5 3 5 502 3
2 5 5 5 3 5 2 5 3 5 0 5 0 c. 6 2 5 3 2 2 5
2. Simplify the following expression
a. 6 3 6 2 3 2 6 2 2 5 5 3 2 5 2 5
b. 5 2 5 2 18 2 12 10 3 10 2 5
c. 6 2 5 3 2 2 5 36 9 10 10 26 9 10
39
d.
13 39 39
d. 3
2 3 3 2 13 13
e.
12 6
e.
5 3 4 2
5 4 3 2
20 6
2
10 6 10 6 10 6
Answer:
Task 1 (Multiple Choice)
1. Given a = 8 and b = 27. Then the value of c. 6 6
2 1
d. 10 5
a 3b 2 is...
2 2 30
a. 3 2
3 4
3
b.
4
3
4. The root form of 3 is...
9
4
c. 2 a. 8
34
9
4 2
d.
4
2
b. 3
3 8
c. 32
4
e. 3 1
3 d.
3 4
333
3
2. The exponent form of x is... 1
1
e.
3 8
3
a. x 21
1
1 5. Given a , b = 16, and c = 4. The value of
8
b. x 27
1 1 1
1 1 1
c. x9 a 3 b4 c 2 is...
1
1 a.
d. x3 64
e. 1
x b.
4
Concept: 12 12 3 12 3
a. 4 3
3 3 3 3
Rationalizing The Denominator of Fraction
b.
5
5
2 3
52 3
a a b a b 2 3 2 3 2 3 43
b b b b
52 3
10 5 3
a
a
b c
a b c 1
b c b c b c bc 3 3 5 3
c.
a a b c
ab c 5 3 5 3 5 3
b c
b c
b c
b c2
3 5 3
3 5 3
15 3
53 2 2
2. Simplify the following expression
Simplifying a b 2 a b n a b 2 a b
a. 7 2 10
b. 8 60
a b 2 a b = a b
c. 14 6
a b 2 a b =
5
a b , with a > b
Answer:
1. Rationalize the following fractions and a. 7 2 10 5 2 2 5 2 5 2
simplify them b. 8 60 8 4 15 8 2 15
12
a.
3 5 3 2 5 3 5 3
b.
5 c. 14 6 5 14 2 3 5 14 2 9 5
2 3
9 5 2 95 9 5 3 5
3
c.
5 3
Answer:
Task 1
1. Rationalize the denominator!
a b
a.
a
a b a c
b.
(a c) b
5
c.
3 3 5
4 6 3 2
d.
5 6 2
2
e.
3( 5 2 )
b. 18 2 65
c. 74 3
d. 23 8 7
e. 16 6 7