(Probable questions for viva-voce)

1.Define program.2.Define Programming language

3.

Explain different stages of Programdevelopment4.What is algorithm?5.Classification of

languages6.Importance of main()7.Difference between C and C++.8.Features of OOPs

9.

Difference between Object OrientedPrograms and Procedure OrientedPrograms.10.Define

Tokens.11.Define Keywords12.Identifiers (their characteristics)13.Operators (Arithmetic,
Relational,Logical, Ternary, Scope resolution,sizeof(), increment, decrement,indirection, at
address)14.Difference between fundamental datatypes and derived data types15.Fundamental data
types, memorysize, range.16.Type casting

17.

Data type qualifiers – long, short etc.

18.

Different types of execution –sequential, selection and iteration.19.ASCII value20.Difference between

prefix and postfix21.Difference between global variablesand local variables.22.Arithmetic assignment
operators (+=,-=, *=, /=, %=)23.Difference between entry-controlledloops and exit-controlled loops

24.

Elements control a loop –initialisation expression, testexpression, body of the loop andupdate
expression.25.Nested loop26.Difference between rvalue and lvalue27.What is compilation?28.What is
debugging?29.Different types of errors – compilationerror, run time error and logical error 30.What is an
array?31.Equation for finding total number of elements in an array (UB – LB + 1).32.What is a matrix?
33.How can we find the address of anelement in a 2-D array?34. What is the difference between
rowmajor and column major form of anarray?35.What is a string?

36.

What is the importance of

‘\0’

in astring?37.What are the criteria used for matrixaddition and multiplication?38.What do you mean by
diagonalelements of a matrix?39.What is a symmetric matrix?40.Which are the important stringhandling
functions used in C++?(strcpy(), strlen(). strcmp(), strcat(),strrev())41.Character functions used in C++
(isalpha(), isdigit(), isalnum(),isupper(), islower(), toupper(),tolower())42.What do you mean by scope of
avariable?43.What is a function?44.What is function signature or functionprototype?45.Difference
between calling functionand called function?46.Difference between actualparameters and formal
parameters.47.Difference between break andcontinue.

48.

Importance of exit() function.49.Difference between call by value andcall by reference method of

functioncall.50.Classification of functions – functionswithout argument and without returnvalue,
functions with argument andwithout return value, functionswithout argument and with returnvalue,
functions with argument andwith return value

51.

Difference between pre-definedfunctions and user-defined functions.52.What do you mean by pre

processor directives?53.What is a structure?54.What is self referential structure?55.Difference between
structure andunion.56.What is type compatibility?57.What is enumeration?58.Difference between
getch() andgetche() functions.

59.Important storage classes – Auto,Extern, Register, Static etc60.What is the use of randomizefunction?
61.What are pointers?62.What is a null pointer?63.Difference between static memoryallocation and
dynamic memoryallocation.64.What is the importance of new anddelete operators in C++?65.C++
memory map.66.What do you mean by garbagevalue?67.What is the difference between = and==?
68.What is a block or compoundstatement?69.Define class and object.70.What is the difference between
aclass and a structure?71.What is modularity?72.Define abstraction and data hiding.73.What is
inheritance?74.Different types of inheritance.75.Advantages of inheritance76.Define base class, super
class,abstract class and derived class.77.Visibility modes- private, public andprotected.78.Global and
local objects and their scope.79.Difference between member functions and non-member
functions.80.What is polymorphism?81.What are constructors anddestructors?82.Features of a
constructor.83.Differences between constructorsand other member functions of aclass.84.What is
function over riding?85.What is a friend function?86.Different types of constructors –default,
parameterised and copyconstructor.87.What are files?88.Basic operations in a file.89.File stream classes
and their uses –ifstream, ofstream and fstream.90.Different methods used for opening afile.91.What is a
stream?92.Different file modes – ios::app, ios::in,ios::out, ios::truncate etc.93.Difference between
seekg() andseekp(), tellg() and tellp().94.Difference between a text file and abinary file.95.What is
eof().96.What is a friend function?97.What is function overloading?98.What is function overriding?
99.What is this pointer?100.Difference between primitive andnon-primitive data types.101.Difference
between stack and queue.102.Different searching techniques usedin an array103.Different sorting
methods used in anarray104.Define data, database, databasemanagement system105.Data
redundancy106.What is domain?107.What is a relation?108.Define the terms tuple, degree,cardinality,
attributes etc.109.What is a view?110.Difference between a table and aview.111.What is a key?
112.Define candidate key, primary key,alternate keys, composite primarykey, foreign key etc.113.What is
the difference between selectand project operations in DBMS?114.What is the difference between
unionand set intersection operations?115.What is SQL?116.Different data types used in
SQL.117.Difference between character andvarchar2.118.What is data dictionary or metadata?

119.

Different categories of commands used in SQL-DDL, DML,TCL and DCL.120.What is a constraint?

121.Different constraints used in SQL –unique, primary key, default, check,not null.122.Aggregate
functions used in SQL.123.What is pseudo column?124.Explain the commands – SELECT,INSERT, CREATE,
ALTER,UPDATE, DROP,