Criminalistics

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INSTRUCTION: Select the correct answer for each of the following
questions. Mark only one answer for each item by marking the box
corresponding to the letter of your choice on the answer sheet
provided. STRICTLY NO ERASURES ALLOWED. Use pencil no. 1 only.
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1. In the strict sense of the word, forensic medicine means -

A. Application of medicine under legal jurisdiction
B. Application of medical sciences to elucidate legal
problems
C. Knowledge of law in relation to the practice of medicine
D. Law and Medicine combined

2. In medico-legal practice, experts considered that brain death

occurs when there is -
A. Deep irreversible coma
B. Absence of electrical brain activity
C. Both A and B are correct
D. Blood clot in the head

3. The accepted criteria used in determining death are the

following, except -
A. Brain death
B. Cellular death
C. Cardio-respiratory death
D. None of the above

4. Study shows that in molecular or cellular death, there is death

of individual cells within -
A. 3 – 6 minutes
B. 20 – 30 minutes
C. 3 – 6 hours
D. 20 – 24 hours

5. What is the kind of death characterized by a condition where

there is a transient loss of consciousness or temporary
cessation of the vital function of the body?
A. Clinical death
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B. Molecular death
C. Somatic death
D. Apparent death

6. What is the doctrine which states that “the greater the

number of points of similarities and dissimilarities of two
persons compared, the greater is the probability for the
conclusion to be correct is found”?
A. Law of Multiplicity of Evidence in Identification
B. Identification by Comparison and Exclusion
C. Probability versus vulnerability
D. Doctrine of parallelism

7. In its strict sense, which of the following is not a scientific

method of identification of person?
A. Finger printing and handwriting
B. Dental Identification
C. Analysis of the skeletal structure
D. Identification by close friend and relatives

8. In the study of wounds, the following are considered

instances when the size of the entrance wound is bigger than
the caliber of the firearm used. One is not included.
A. Contact Fire
B. Deformity of the bullet
C. Acute angular approach of the bullet
D. Fragmentation of the bullet

9. In personal identification, study shows that ___ is a

characteristic of an individual that may not easily be changed as
compared to other characteristics.
A. Structure
B. Speech
C. Mental Memory
D. Gait

10. In medico legal practice, postmortem lividity maybe due to

any of the following, except –
A. Sugilation
B. Hypostasis
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C. Diffusion
D. Autolysis

11. The dissolution of the natural continuity of any tissues of the

living body is known as –
A. Wound
B. Vital reaction
C. Physical injury
D. All of the Above

12. Appropriately, the identification of firearm or ballistics is

important in firearm injury since it helps in the -
A. Differentiation between entrance and exit of gunshot
wounds
B. Determination of the distance from assailant to the victim
C. Determination of the relative position of the victim from the
assailant
D. Identification of the weapon used

13. In the study of forensic ballistics, the following are products

of combustion produced by firearms, except -
A. Smudging
B. Tattooing
C. Singeing
D. Confusion collar

14. In the Philippines, the following government officials are

authorized to make death investigation, except -
A. Provincial or City prosecutors
B. Director of the National Bureau of Investigation
C. Judges of the Regional Trial Courts
D. Justices of the Supreme Court

15. When a person dies, what are the different changes that take
place in the body after death?
A. Stage of primary flaccidity
B. Stage of postmortem flaccidity
C. Stage of secondary flaccidity
D. All of the above

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16. In death investigation, which of the following has the medico-

legal importance of giving the approximate time of death?
A. Rigor mortis
B. Cadaveric spasm
C. Muscular Contraction
D. Dilation of the pupil

17. Expert noted that the unburned or partially burned powder

grains embedded in the skin surrounding the point of entry in
gunshot wound usually produce -
A. Tattooing
B. Peppering
C. Stippling
D. All of these

18. Which of the following is the kind of alcohol obtained from

the destructive distillation of wood which, according to studies,
can cause blindness?
A. Isoprophyl alcohol
B. Ethyl alcohol
C. Methyl alcohol
D. Butanol

19. Among the following specimen, which one is given the

highest level of importance and considered the best evidentiary
specimen that can be used for DNA analysis?
A. Saliva
B. Semen
C. Urine
D. Blood

20. The presence of invisible substances to the naked eye, like

fluorescent powder and invisible crayon, can be best seen in -
A. x-ray machine
B. visible light
C. ultra violet light
D. infrared rays

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21. In forensic investigation, when the kind of soil found on

suspect’s clothing is consistent with the soil found at the crime
scene, this would indicate that the -
A. suspect was in the crime scene
B. suspect has committed the alleged crime
C. suspect was in the area at the time of the crime
D. area where the suspect could not be ascertained

22. Which of the following technique is used to compare trace

elements found in soil?
A. macroscopic examination
B. spectrographic analysis
C. density analysis
D. enzyme analysis

23. What non-destructive instrumental test used to determine the

crystalline structure of chemical compound in paints?
A. x-ray diffraction
B. infra-red spectography
C. emission spectography
D. phyrolysis-gas chromatography

24. The instrument that criminalists use most often in metal

detection and identification is the -
A. Mass Spectrometer
B. Newton activation analysis
C. Spectrograph
D. infra-red spectrophotograph

25. Chemists suggested that the most suitable material for

making foot mark cast in soil is -
A. plaster of paris
B. paraffin wax
C. shellac
D. candle wax

26. What is called the science of drugs that deals with their
preparatory, used and effects?
A. Pharmacology
B. Therapeutics
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C. Drug therapy
D. Toxicology

27. In narcotics investigation, the test used to distinguish heroin

found in morphine is -
A. Marquis test
B. Froede’s test
C. Ferric Chloride test
D. Simon’s test

28. The prescription of drugs is commonly shown by the symbol

A. RX
B. PH
C. TM
D. TX

29. In the study of metals, experts suggested that all types of

serial number on metal can be restored by acid through -
A. acid etching
B. density gradient method
C. benzidine test
D. metal polish

30. “Shabu” is the street name of chemical compound belonging

to the amphethamine group of drugs specifically known as –
A. mephoridne
B. methaqualome
C. methamphetamine
D. All of the above

31. The botanical name of marijuana plant which is a source of

narcotic drug is –
A. Bhang ganja
B. Hashish
C. Cannabis sativa
D. Lima fingeria

32. When comparing soil samples by microscopic examination,

the number one consideration should be -
A. observed the color and granularity
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B. determine the density

C. sampling method
D. specification of microscope

33. The instrumental analysis that is most useful for identification

of synthetic fiber found at the crime scene is -
A. x-ray defraction and gas chromatograph
B. mass spectrometry and emission spectrography
C. pyrolysis and atomic absorption spectrophotometry
D. infra-red spectrophotometry & gas chromatography

34. In the study of blood, the ABO system divides the human race
into four blood types, the lowest percentage is –
A. O type
B. A type
C. B type
D. AB type

35. Among the following blood cells, which one is the white blood
cell?
A. thrombocytes
B. leukocytes
C. erythcocytes
D. None of these

36. The study of the identification and characterization of body

fluids such as semen, blood and saliva is called -
A. Semenology
B. Serology
C. Posology
D. Biology

37. In questioned document examination, what is referred to as the

degree of writing inclinations? It is also sometimes known as
the slope of writing.
A. Slant
B. Baseline
C. Proportion
D. Alignment

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38. It is an illustration of the basic letter design which is the

fundamentals of the writing system. Which one of the following
is referred to?
A. Writing system
B. Copybook form
C. Writing movement
D. Line quality

39. The study of writing specimen in which the letters are joined
together is called cursive writing. What a specimen of writing is
illustrated in a disconnected style?
A. Pen lift
B. Hiatus
C. Hand lettering
D. Broken lines

40. Which of the following refers to the factors relative to the

execution of the writing or the circumstances under which
writing was prepared?
A. Writing condition
B. Line quality
C. Writing forms
D. Natural variation

41. Photographers suggested that ___ is the type of examination

designed to show minute details of a small object.
A. Microscope examination
B. Oblique Light examination
C. Photomicrography
D. Transmitted light examination

42. What kind of paper, in document examination, which has been

treated in such a way as to minimize the change of successful
forgery by erasures, whether mechanical or chemical?
A. Chemical paper
B. Tested Paper
C. Polyethylene Coated paper
D. Safety paper

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43. In the study of forgery cases, the forged signature which

resembles the genuine signature made by free hand movement
and constant practice is known as -
A. Traced forgery
B. Simple forgery
C. Simulated forgery
D. Spurious signature

44. Which of the following type of pen is a modern pen which

contains a reservoir of ink in a specially designed chamber?
A. Fountain pen
B. Ball point pen
C. Ink master pen
D. Reynold’s pen

45. In dealing with handwriting, what is called that interruption in a

stroke, caused by sudden removal of the writing instrument
from the paper surface?
A. Tremor
B. Pen lift
C. Retouching
D. Hiatus

46. What do you call that introductory backward stroke found in

some small letters?
A. Hitch
B. Humps
C. Beard
D. Buckle knot

47. According to experts in questioned document examination, the

first step in the procurement of typewriting exemplars should be
-
A. Procurement of the suspected typewriter
B. Acquisition of typewriting exemplars
C. Study of the questioned typewriting
D. Checking the price of typewriters in the market

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48. A stroke which goes back over another writing strokes in which
is slightly to occur due to lack of movement control is termed as
-
A. Retouching
B. Shading
C. Retracing
D. Patching

49. As a rule in QD examination, it is easier to determine whether or

not a signature is forged, but it is difficult on the other hand to
established who committed the forgery because -
A. The forger might be a left handed
B. Imitations one of the most effective means to disguise
one’s handwriting
C. Study of the questioned typewriting
D. There should be no sufficient standards available.

50. Among the following, when the hammer pushes the firing pin,
what initiates the combustion of the gunpowder in a shell?
A. Bullet
B. Primer
C. Trigger
D. Push over

51. In the study of firearms, what type of primer consists only of one
flash hole or vent?
A. Berdan
B. Boxer
C. Battery
D. Foxhole type

52. Appropriately termed, what is called that metallic on non-

metallic cylindrical ball that can be propelled from a firearm?
A. Bullet
B. Shell
C. Hammer ball
D. Barrel ball

53. The importance of individual marks left on the bullet by a gun

barrel is that, it is useful in directly identifying the -
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A. bullet which caused the fatal wound

B. person who fired the particular form
C. gun from which a bullet was fired
D. possible direction of shot

54. What instrument is used in measuring the pitch of the rifling of a

firearm?
A. Calipher
B. Helizometer
C. Tortion balance
D. Chronograph

55. What is the rate of speed of the bullet per unit of time at which it
leaves the gun muzzle expressed in ft/sec?
A. Penetration
B. Impact
C. Muzzle velocity
D. Trajectory

56. As a safety precaution in firing, when one draws of the pistol,

the index finger should -
A. Touch the outside of the trigger guard
B. Grasp the stock
C. Be straighten along the barrel
D. Be inside the trigger guard

57. What type of a firearm has six lands and grooves with right twist
the width of the grooves is twice the width of the lands?
A. Smith and Wesson type
B. Colt type
C. Browning type
D. Webley type

58. The mechanism of a firearm which grasps the rim of the

cartridge case and withdraw it from the chamber is called -
A. Extractor
B. Lock
C. Ejector
D. Extractor rod

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59. In photography, what is called a magnified photograph of a small

object obtained by attaching a camera to the ocular of a
compound microscope?
A. Microphotography
B. Photomicrograph
C. Macrophotography
D. Photomacrograph

60. Among the following, what type of a bullet is designed to inflict

greater damage compared to the ordinary types?
A. Dum-dum bullet
B. Armor piercing bullet
C. Incendiary bullet
D. Explosive

61. Among the following, what type of bullet is designed to emit

bright flame at night when fired?
A. Armor piercing bullet
B. Incendiary bullet
C. Tracer bullet
D. None of these

62. What type of cartridge has a rim diameter smaller than the
body?
A. Rimmed type
B. Belted Type
C. Rebated Type
D. Rimless Type

63. What type of cartridge has a priming mixture located at the

cavity rim and usually flat base?
A. Rim-free
B. Pin-fire
C. Center-fire
D. Belted

64. In ballistics, it is the helical grove mark found inside the bore of
the barrel designed to impart rotation motion of the bullet.
A. Lands
B. Grooves
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C. Rifling
D. Pitch of rifling

65. What is called the individual marks found at the anterior portion
of the bullet due to its forwards movement to the barrel before it
initially rotates?
A. Skid marks
B. Shaving marks
C. Stripping marks
D. Slippage marks

66. When cartridge cases are found at the scene of firing, it means
that a ____ firearm was used.
A. Single shot
B. Automatic
C. Bold action
D. Double action

67. The term used to refer to the unstable rotation motion of a

projectile is -
A. Ricochet
B. Yaw
C. Key hole shot
D. Back shot

68. What is that condition in firing at which the cartridge took

several seconds before it discharges upon firing or a delayed in
the discharge of the cartridge happened?
A. Misfire
B. Backfire
C. Hang fired
D. Buckshot

69. In the study of poisons, several kinds are noted to be odorless

and colorless while some are obnoxious. Among the following,
which poisonous chemical has the smell of a rotten egg?
A. H2S
B. CO
C. CO2
D. H2O
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70. What is the normal amount of semen per ejaculation of a normal

built person?
A. 1.5 to 3.5 cc
B. 2.5 to 3.5 cc
C. 3.5 to 5.5 cc
D. 3.5 to 4.5 cc

71. What is known as the reproduction of an impression made on

soft surface by utilizing casting materials?
A. Dry fusion
B. Metallic aides
C. Moulage
D. Plaster of Paris

72. The expulsion of the product of conception after the death of the
pregnant woman brought about by the post mortem contraction
of the uterine muscle is called -
A. Natural abortion
B. Post mortem abortion
C. Induced abortion
D. Therapeutic abortion

73. What kind of solution is used in the restoration or serial

numbers such as stainless, steel, lead, and cast iron?
A. Saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate
B. Etching solution
C. Colloidal magnesium
D. Borax Solution

74. Which of the following test result will confirm the biological
source of the blood?
A. White crystalline
B. Salmon pink
C. Dark brown rhomboid crystal
D. White cloudy precipitate

75. What is the drug jargon used to refer to a white crystalline

powder with a bitter numbering taste known as metamphetamine
hydrochloride?
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A. Cocaine
B. Junkie
C. White Tawas
D. Shabu

76. What is the principal active component of opium which comes in

white crystalline powder or tablets?
A. Heroin
B. Morphine
C. Cocaine
D. Codeine

77. What type of drugs relieves pain and often induce sleep
although they may be considered narcotics?
A. Tranquilizers
B. Analgesics
C. Sedatives
D. Barbiturates

78. Among the following, what preliminary test in blood in a solution

of 1 to 80,000 dilution?
A. Benzidine
B. Phenolphthalein
C. Guiacum
D. Leucomalachine green

79. These are drugs which affects sensation, thinking, self-

awareness and emotion. They may be mild or overwhelming
depending on the dose and quality of the drugs. Which one is
described?
A. Narcotics
B. Hallucinogens
C. Sedatives
D. Stimulants

80. Which of the following is considered conclusive sign of human

death?
A. Cessation of respiration
B. Cooling of the body
C. Cessation of heart function and circulation
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D. Heating of the body

81. The change of color of the body after death when blood
accumulates the dependent portion of the body is called -
A. Rigor mortis
B. Algor mortis
C. Livor mortis
D. Edgar mortis

82. What characterized molecular death?

A. There is loss of life of the cells of the body
B. It occurs immediately after
C. It is usually pronounced by the physician
D. There is a transient loss of vital function of the body
individual

83. The elements of violent death are, except -

A. That the victim at the time the injuries were inflicted was in
normal health
B. That death may be expected from the physical injuries
C. That death ensued within a reasonable time
D. That death ensued from a lingering illness

84. How many minutes is necessary when persistent cessation in

respiration, circulation and brain function sufficient to declare a
person clinically dead?
A. 5 minutes
B. 15 minutes
C. 10 minutes
D. 20 minutes

85. What is the general term used to all forms of violent death which
result primarily from the interference with the process of
respiration or the condition in which the supply of oxygen to the
blood or to the tissues or both has been reduced below normal
level?
A. Livor mortis
B. Flaccidity
C. Rigor mortis
D. Asphyxia
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86. Which of the following statement can lead a prudent mind to the
conclusion of a homicidal drowning?
A. History of previous attempt to commit suicide
B. Presence of motive for the killing
C. Absence of mark of violence on the body surface
D. Mentality of the person

87. Which of the following is a qualitative test for carbon monoxide

in the blood?
A. Kunkel’s Test
B. T-test
C. KN test
D. Analysis of variance

88. One important characteristics of a gunshot wound exit is that -

A. the edges are everted
B. the size is smaller the missile
C. the edge is inverted
D. the shape is round or oval

89. When the head is free and mobile, a blow on the back of the
head may produce laceration in the front part of the brain. This
is what type of injury?
A. Direct of coup injury
B. Contre-coup injury
C. Remote
D. Coup-contre-coup injury

90. In gunshot wounds, when there is evident burning of tissues

and blackening of the skin, it may be ascertained that it is a near
contact fire meaning that the distance of the body to the gun is
approximately about -
A. 6 inches range
B. 12 inches range
C. 18 inches range
D. 24 inches range

91. A physical injury which is found at the site and also at the
opposite of the application of force is called -
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A. Extensive injury
B. Coup injury
C. Contre-coup injury
D. Coup-contre coup injury

92. When a person is stabbed by an ice-pick, what would be the kind

of wound exhibited?
A. Punctured wound
B. Lacerated wound
C. Hack wound
D. Incised wound

93. What type of a pattern possesses an angle, an up trust, or two of

the three basic characteristic of a loop in fingerprint?
A. Plan arch
B. Tented arch
C. Central pocket loop
D. Accidental whorl

94. What is the type of fingerprint pattern where the looping or

slanting ridges flows towards the little finger?
A. Loop
B. Radial Loop
C. Ulnar loop
D. Tented arch

95. What type of fingerprint pattern consisting of a core, delta, re-

curving ridge and a ridge count of at least one?
A. Radial loop
B. Ulnar loop
C. Loop
D. Tented arch

96. What type of fingerprint pattern consisting of two or more

deltas, one or more ridge forming a complete circuitry and when
an imaginary line is drawn from left delta to right delta it touches
or cross the circulating ridges?
A. Plain whorl
B. Double Loop whorl
C. Central pocket loop whorl
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D. Accidental whorl

97. In an accidental whorl type of fingerprint pattern, what pattern is

not included in the combination?
A. Ulnar loop
B. Plain Whorl
C. Tented arch
D. Plain arch

98. Bonus – B

99. It is a point along a ridge formation, which is found in front or

near the center of the diverging type lines. What is being
referred to?
A. Core
B. Delta
C. Island ridge
D. Convergence

100. What is the rule when there are two or more possible
bifurcation deltas which conform to the definition of delta?
A. The one nearest the core should be chosen
B. The one away from the core should be counted
C. The one which does not open towards the core is counted
D. All of the above are correct

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SUGGESTED KEY ANSWER

CRIMINALISTICS

SET B

1. B 26. A 51. B 76. B

2. C 27. C 52. A 77. B
3. B 28. A 53. C 78. B
4. B 29. A 54. B 79. B
5. D 30. C 55. C 80. B
6. A 31. C 56. C 81. C
7. D 32. A 57. C 82. A
8. D 33. D 58. A 83. D
9. A 34. D 59. B 84. A
10. D 35. B 60. A 85. D
11. A 36. B 61. C 86. B
12. D 37. A 62. C 87. A
13. D 38. B 63. A 88. A
14. D 39. C 64. C 89. B
15. D 40. A 65. A 90. A
16. A 41. A 66. B 91. D
17. D 42. D 67. B 92. A
18. C 43. C 68. C 93. A
19. D 44. A 69. A 94. B
20. C 45. B 70. A 95. C
21. A 46. A 71. C 96. C
22. B 47. C 72. B 97. B
23. A 48. C 73. B 98. B
24. C 49. B 74. D 99. C
25. A 50. B 75. D 00. B

***

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