COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL & ARCHITECTURAL

ENGINEERING

CVEN 214: STRENGTH OF MATERIALS

Chapter 1: Introduction & basic concepts
Dr Mohammed Elshafie

Fall, 2017
Procedure for Shear Stress Analysis
V
 Generally, the equation τ = is used to compute the
A
average shear stress in materials via the steps below:

Internal Shear Stress determinations:

 Section the member at the point of interest

 Draw the necessary FBD and use the equilibrium

equations to determine the internal shear force V

Average Shear Stress determination:

V
 Determine the A and compute the τ =
A
Allowable Stress

Failure
Load/Stress

Factor of Safety F fail

F .S =
Fallow
σ fail
F .S =
Allowable σ allow
Load/stress τ fail
F .S =
τ allow
Example 1.11

The control arm is subjected to the loading. Determine to the nearest 5 mm the
required diameter of the steel pin at C if the allowable shear stress for the steel is
τ allowable = 55 MPa . Note in the figure that the pin is subjected to double shear.
 Solution: Example 1.11

For equilibrium we have

+ ∑ M C = 0; FAB (0.2 ) = 15(0.075) − 25( 53 )(0.125) = 0 ⇒ FAB = 15 kN

→ + ∑ F x = 0; − 15 − C x + 25( 54 ) = 0 ⇒ C x = 5 kN
↑ + ∑ F y = 0; C y − 15 − 25( 53 ) = 0 ⇒ C y = 30 kN
 Solution: Example 1.11

The pin at C resists the resultant force at C. Therefore,

FC = (5)2 + (30)2 = 30.41 kN

The pin is subjected to double shear, a shear force of 15.205 kN acts over its cross-
sectional area between the arm and each supporting leaf for the pin.

The required area is

V 15.205 −6
A= = = 276.45 × 10 m 2

τ allowable 55 ×103
2

d 
π   = 246.45 mm 2
2
d = 18.8 mm

Use a pin with a diameter of d = 20 mm. (Ans)

 Example 1.12
The rigid bar AB supported by a steel rod AC having a diameter of 20 mm and an
aluminum block having a cross sectional area of 1800 mm2. The 18-mm-diameter
pins at A and C are subjected to single shear. If the failure stress for the steel and
aluminum is (σ st ) fail = 680 MPa
a & (σ al ) fail = 70 MPa respectively, and the failure
shear stress for each pin is τ fail = 900 MPa , determine the largest load P that can
be applied to the bar. Apply a factor of safety of F.S. = 2.
 Solution: Example 1.12
The allowable stresses are

(σ st ) fail
(σ st )allow = 680
= = 340 MPa
F .S . 2
(σ al ) fail 70
(σ al )allow = = = 35 MPa
F .S . 2
τ fail 900
τ allow = = = 450 MPa
F .S . 2

There are three unknowns and we apply the equations of equilibrium,

+ ∑ M B = 0; P(1.25) − FAC (2 ) = 0 (1)

+ ∑ M A = 0; FB (2 ) − P(0.75) = 0 (2)
Solution: Example 1.12

We will now determine each value of P that creates the allowable stress in the rod,
block, and pins, respectively.

For rod AC, ( )[ ]

FAC = (σ st )allow ( AAC ) = 340 106 π (0.01) = 106.8 kN
2

Using Eq. 1, P=
(106.8)(2 )
= 171 kN
1.25
For block B, ( )[ ( )]
FB = (σ al )allow AB = 35 106 1800 10 −6 = 63.0 kN

Using Eq. 2, P=
(63.0 )(2 )
= 168 kN
0.75
 Solution: Example 1.12

For pin A or C, =
V F=
AC τ =
allow A 450 ( )  ( )  114.5 kN
10 6 
π 0.009 =
2

Using Eq. 1, P = (114.5)(2 ) = 183 kN

1.25
When P reaches its smallest value (168 kN), it develops the allowable normal
stress in the aluminium block. Hence,

P = 168 kN (Ans)
Quiz 1