CEBU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY – UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

PRODUCTION OF DISHWASHING LIQUID DETERGENT

TITLE
EXPERIMENT No.:1

• CHE 326 • INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY

Date started: Nov. 24, 2017 Group No.7
Date finished: Dec. 1, 2016 Members:
1. Pueblas, Christhel May
2. Pil, Raymond Jay
3. Pilapil, Emmanuel Alexnader
4. Quibido, Jabes James
5. Real, Gwyneth
 I hereby attest that this report is true and correct and that I am one of
those who participated in this laboratory project.

MAE NIELYN C. PADILLO

CHE 3

I. Title: Production of Herbal Soap

II. Objectives: To produce herbal soap with scent.

III. Materials and Equipment:

• Materials:
For 1 litre of detergent per student plus one liter for group:
4.5 kg Refined coconut oil
3.25 kg Caustic Soda solution
70 g EDTA
70 g Citric Acid
70 g Fragrance oil/scent
4.5 g Sodium chloride
70 g Light mineral oil
20 ml Color

•Equipment:

1 pail for mixing about 20-liter A stainless steel ladle

capacity
1-100 ml graduated cylinder 1-25 ml graduated cylinder
1 500 ml beaker 2 stirring rods
1 funnel Basin
Molder Plastic Liners
Weighing scale Hydrometer 0-70 Be

IV. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS:

A. Summary of the procedure

All materials were measured and placed in respective containers. The materials
were then weighed respectively and the base solution was made, then using the
large pail stirred for 45 minutes, the n adding the dissolved additives with an
interval of 5 minutes, then mineral oil, CDEA and scent stirred for another 5
minutes. After reaching 45 minutes the mixture is then placed in to the molder with
plastic lining to prevent it from spilling. It was cooled the cut in to the desired size
and shape.
 FLOW CHART

Stock Solution of caustic

solution.

Measuring all materials. Dissolving EDTA ,citric acid in 100ml

Dissolve 10g dye in 1kg coconut oil Add previously weighed soln

Stir for 45 mins Add additives and stir for 5

mins

Adding CDEA and scent, stir for 5 mins Pour soap mixture into molder

Cut into desired size.

 V. Theoretical Background

Soaps and detergents are essential to personal and public health. They safely
remove germs, soils and other contaminants and help us to stay healthy and
make our surroundings more pleasant. Soaps are made from fats and oils or
their fatty acids. Fatty acids are merely carboxylic acids consisting of a long
hydrocarbon chain at one end and a carboxyl group (-COOH) at the other end.
They are generally represented as RCOOH. They are an important component
of plants, animals and other microorganisms. They are found in various parts of
the body, such as cell membranes, the nervous system and as lung surfactant.
There are two groups of fatty acids: saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty
acids. Saturated fatty acids: Fatty acids contain carbon-carbon single bonds
called saturated fatty acids.
Three fatty acids must react with one glycerol molecule to make three ester
functional groups and form triesters of glycerol or triglyceride. During this
process three molecules of water are eliminated. The three fatty acids may or
may not be identical.
 VI. Data and Observations:

Color Blue

Texture Smooth

Smell Calamnsi

Tabulated Data and Computations:

Raw Materials Amount Unit Price Cost

Coconut oil 138 g 26.67 /kg 36.80

CDEA 19.15 g 60/kg 60

Sodium chloride 1.38 g 65 /kg 3.5

Citric acid 21.51 g 75/kg 1.61

NaOH 1 kg 165/kg 55

Mineral oil 21.56 g 80/L 2.08

Scent 8ml 75/30 ml 10

Color 5g 175/kg 0.875

Total Raw Cost 2472.75

Sample Computations:

Production Cost:

Packaging – 10

Cost of Material – 117.48

Labor cost – 131.25

Transportation – 14

Total: 272.73

Costing:

Yield = 2442.2g / 2461.35g

Yield = 99.22%

Profit = 309.29-272.73

= 36.50

VII. Summary and Conclusion

1. What is Soap? Describe how soap exerts cleaning action?

Soap breaks up the oil into smaller drops, which can mix with the water. It works
because soap is made up of molecules with two very different ends. One end of
soap molecules love water - they are hydrophilic. The other end of soap molecules hate
water - they are hydrophobic.
 2. What are the different types of soap?
Laundry soaps.
Cleaning soaps.
Personal soaps.
Novelty soaps.
Perfumed soaps.
Guest soaps.
Beauty soaps

3. What are the uses of soap?

Drive nails easier with less risk of splitting the wood, by first rubbing it on the nail shank.

Smooth caulk beads with a moistened finger.

Remove wallpaper glue by mixing with warm water and sponging it on the walls.

Lubricate the metal rails of sticking desk drawers.

Clean dirty windowsills by running the wet edge of a bar along them.

Turn screws more easily by dabbing it onto the threads.

Keep garden bugs off plant leaves by mixing it with water and spraying the solution on the
leaves' undersides.

Cut a straighter line with a hand saw by coating the blade with it.

Detect gas leaks by mixing it with with water and rubbing it on suspect pipe joints; if bubbles
form, you have a problem.

Snap aluminum or vinyl siding into place easier with a zip tool that's been dapped with the
liquid.