A

PROJECT REPORT
ON

BUS RESERVATION SYSTEM

 INDEX

1. Introduction To Project

2. Existing System & Need For The System

3. Operating Environment- Hardware & Software

4. Feasibility Study

5. Proposed System
Objective To Be Fulfilled
User Requirement
Requirements Determination Techniques &
System Analysis Method Employed
Prototyping

6. System Features
Input Design
Output Screen Design & Reports
Module Specification
Entity Relationship Diagram
Data Flow Diagram
Data Dictionary
Structure Chart

7. Troubleshooting

8. Conclusion & Remarks

9. Bibliography

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1. INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT:

The software program “Bus Reservation System” provides bus transportation

system, a facility to reserved seats, cancellation of seats and different types of
enquiry. The front end used for this project is “VISUAL BASIC 6.0”. Visual
Basic is a development tool with multi facet advantages. It provides a good
working environment which is easy to learn and use. The back end used for this
project is “MS - ACCESS”. MS-access is used because it is easy to handle
database and firing any query to access database is simpler.

In this application, there is a facility for advance booking as well as current

booking and data report is also generated for both individually, i.e. record is
maintain in database separately for both type of reservation which can be
accessed according to the need. There is also facility for cancellation of tickets
and all the entries are recorded on database. There are many kinds of enquiries
associated with this system like seat status, routes enquiry, time, fare, etc which
are being fulfilled in this project effectively and efficiently.

2. EXISTING SYSTEM & NEED FOR THE SYSTEM:

There are some disadvantages of the existing system due to which the need for
the new system is required; some of them are as follows:

(a) The application does not provide security to the system.

(b) There is no flexibility to the database.

(c) There is no GUI interaction for more convenience.

(d) Coding is not much efficient.

(e) Most of the work is done manually.

(f) More man power is required, so it is costly.

(g) The redundancy and inconsistency of data is major drawback.

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3. OPERATING ENVIRONMENT – HARDWARE & SOFTWARE

The hardware and software requirement for this project are as follows:

HARDWARE - Hard Disk : 5 GB

RAM : 128 MB

SOFTWARE - Operating System : Windows X Family

Visual Basic 6.0 : As Front End
MS- Access : AS Back End

4. FEASIBILITY STUDY:

As the initial investigation is completed, it leads to a more detailed investigation

of the system. The conclusions of the initial study become the input for the
detailed study. We can also refer to the feasibility study as the detailed study or
detailed investigation. Feasibility study is called like because as in the first phase,
we just check briefly about the problems related to the old system, & the need of
the new system. So, in this phase, that initial survey is further expanded to a more
detailed feasibility study.

The tasks performed during this phase were as follows:

(a) The user’s demonstrable needs are fulfilled.

(b) The availability of resources was being checked.

(c) The estimation required for the resources were achieved.

(d) The impact of the system on the organization has been check by placing a
model in it.

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5. PROPOSED SYSTEM:

Objective To Be Fulfilled:

(a) Development of software in the given time.

(b) To create an effective and efficient application.

User Requirements:

(a) The application should provide a user friendly environment.

(b) The application should be easily understandable and reliable.

(c) The application should fulfill all essential facilities.

(d) The software being built must provide platform independent application.

Requirement Determination Techniques & System Analysis Method:

(a) User communication

(b) Team discussion

(c) Analysis of existing system

(d) Study of old projects and records.

Prototyping:

A prototype can effectively provide the users a ‘look-and-feel’ and convey a

sense of how the system will work. The software application comprises of 10
forms, 1 module and 6 data reports. The functions used in this application are
discussed below:

Form 1. Loading Form: This is the first form of our software in which the
application is loading. This loading is shown by progress bar.

Form 2. Login Form: This form allows any user in logon to the software
only if he/she has a correct password. This software is password protected.

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Form 3. Current Booking: This form is used to reserved the seat on the present day at
which bus is traveling. Only essential fields are included in this form like seat number,
destination and time.

Form 4. Advance Booking: This form is used to reserved seats in advance. It includes
all essential fields required in this form like name, age, address, contact number of the
passenger, seat number, departure time, day of traveling, category, destination and
amount.

Form 5. Cancellation Form: This form is used to cancel the reserved seat. The input
to this form is only the ticket number, once it is enter the whole entry is displayed from
the database.

Form 6. Seat Status: This form displays the reserved seats for a particular bus at
particular destination. What kind of seat is available (general, window or front) it
displays all properties.

Form 7. Enquiry: This form enquires about the route to the destination, fare to be
paid for the destination and categories of bus available for the destination.

Form 8. Cancel List: This form consists of a calendar to display the list of the cancel
tickets. The date selected in the calendar displays all entries for that particular date.

Form 9. Reservation Report: This form also consist a calendar to display list of
those passenger who have reserved seats on that particular date.

Form 10. Current Report: This form displays the list of those passenger who have
reserved seat on that particular day.

Data Report 1. Bus list is a chart that displays a list of all buses having fields name as
bus_id, source, destination, time, category, amount, kilometers and bypass.

Data Report 2. Reservation is the list of those passengers who have reserved seats
and this list is displayed according to the date mentioned in the query.

Data Report 3. Current booking is the list of those passengers who have reserved
seats on the day of traveling.

Data Report 4. Cancellation is the list of those passengers who have cancelled their
tickets and list is displayed according to the date mentioned in the query.

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6 SYSTEM FEATURES:

Input Design

(a) Current Booking:

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(b) Advance Booking:

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(c) Enquiry:

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(d) Cancellation:

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6.2 OUTPUT SCREEN DESIGN & DATA REPORTS:

(a) Enquiry:

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(b) Seat Status:

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(c) Data Report:

(i) Current Booking Ticket:

(ii) Current Booking List:

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(iii) Advance Booking Ticket:

(iv) Reservation List:

(v) Cancellation List:

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(vi) Bus List:

6.3 MODULE SPECIFICATION:

This software contains a “Connectivity” module which is used to connect database

with the application used in the software. This Connectivity module comprises of
three variables, two procedures and one function. The three variables are connection,
record set and SQL query.

The two procedures are Connect and Put data. Connect is used to open and close the
record set whenever required. Put data is used to put the record set to the database.

The function is “Get data” which is used to get record set from database which takes
SQL query as input, we can call any of these procedures, function and module as well
whenever we required in the software.

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6.4 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM:

It represents the object-relationship pairs in graphical forms. Thus, we can say that
the primary goal of E-R diagrams is to represent data objects along with their
relationships.

ER model for data uses three features to describe data:

Entities which specify distinct real world items in an application

Relationships connecting different entities and representing meaningful

dependencies between them.

Attributes which specify various properties of entities and relations involved in a

system.

date

address
name Bus_id No of seat

PASSENGER RESERVE BUS

route
age Ticket no

type

E R Diagram for Reservation

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 date

address
name Bus_id No of seat

PASSENGER CANCEL BUS

age route
Ticket no

type

E R Diagram for Cancellation

address
name name Officer code

PASSENGER ENQUIRY RESERVATION

OFFICER

age Ticket no

E R Diagram for Enquiry

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 address
name Officer code

PASSENGER PAY INCHARGE

OFFICER

age
Ticket no
name

E R Diagram for Fare

6.5 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM:

A properly defined flow model diagram, not only helps to understand the working
of the model, but also helps the software designer to built it and test it for validation
with ease.

A DFD is a graphical representation that depicts the information flow and the
transforms that are applied as data moves from input to output. It can be used to
represent software at any level of abstraction. In fact, DFD’s may be partitioned
into levels that represent increasing information flow and functional details. The
graphical representation makes it a good tool for communication between designer
and analyst.

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 DFD for Bus Reservation System

Printed ticket DATABASE

Cancellation requests

Reservation BUS Reservation chart

RESERVATION
PASSENGER SYSTEM RESERVATION
Enquiry OFFICER

Special buses
Status Information

LEVEL - 0

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 Printed ticket
Fare database
Details

Pay fare
Fare Mgmt.
Cancellation requests Process 1.1

Passenger
Reservation request Update

Reservation
Status database
/Cancel
process 2.2

Information

Enquiry
Information
Enquiry
counter 1.3

Status Information

Reservation officer

LEVEL – 1

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6.6 DATA DICTIONARY:

It is an essential and important tool in the software development process. As its

name indicates, it is a comprehensive definition of all the data (and control) items
(elements) in given software. Or it can stated as – it is a structured central
repository of data about data. In a data dictionary one should find a clear and
complete definition of each data item and its synonyms. The data dictionary often
becomes a source document for specification and design of input processing, files,
data structure, processing algorithms and output processing.

(a) Bus Chart:

Field Data Field

name type size Description
Bus_id number Integer It indicates the bus number.

Time Date/time The time of departure of bus.

Via text 15 The bypass from which bus will travel.

to text 15 The destination

km number Integer The distance between source & destination

category text 15 The type of bus (express, silver, gold, etc)

amount number integer The amount to be paid for destination.

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(b) Cancellation:

Field Data Field

name type size Description
Ticket no. number Double The unique identification to the ticket.

Bus_id Number Integer It indicates the bus number

name text 20 The name of the passenger traveling.

destination text 20 The final stop of the bus.

Seat no. Number Integer The seat number reserved by the passenger.

sex text 10 The passenger is male or a female.

cdate Date/time The date of reserving the ticket.

Contact number Double The contact number of the passenger.

amount number Integer The amount to be paid by passenger.

(c) Current Booking:

Field Data Field
name type size Description
Ticket no. number Double The unique identification to the ticket.

Bus_id Number Integer It indicates the bus number

to text 15 The destination.

time Date/time The departure of the bus.

Seat no. Number Integer The seat number reserved by the passenger.

category text 10 The type of bus.

Adate Date/time The date of reserving the ticket.

Amount number Integer The amount to be paid by passenger.

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(c) Reservation:

Field Data Field

name type size Description
Ticket no. number Double The unique identification to the ticket.

Bus_id Number Integer It indicates the bus number

name text 20 The name of the passenger traveling.

destination text 20 The final stop of the bus.

Seat no. Number Integer The seat number reserved by the passenger.

sex text 10 The passenger is male or a female.

cdate Date/time The date of reserving the ticket.

Contact number Double The contact number of the passenger.

age number Integer The age of the passenger.

category text 15 The type of bus.

time Date/time The departure time of bus.

amount number integer The amount to be paid by passenger.

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 6.7 STRUCTURE CHART:

BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

BOOKING ENQUIRY CANCELLATION REPORT

CURRENT FARE BUS LIST

ADVANCE ROUTES BOOKING

SEAT STATUS CANCEL LIST

RESERVATION

Shortcut Keys To Open The Application:

1. Current Booking: Ctrl + E

2. Advance Booking: Ctrl + B
3. Fare Enquiry: Ctrl + F
4. Routes Enquiry: Ctrl + A
5. Seat Status: Ctrl + V
6. Cancellation: Ctrl + Y
7. Bus List: Ctrl + L
8. Booking: Ctrl + J
9. Cancel List: Ctrl + X
10. Reservation: Ctrl + R

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7. TROUBLESHOOTING:

(a) Problem 1. While working on project, a problem occurred for selecting the
data from multi column combo box. The combo box was having four attributes but
only one value was being displayed in it.

Solution. We asked Mr. Anuj K. Singh, our Supervisor, about this problem, he
helped us out by making our concept more clear. The multi column combo select only
one attribute by default, we need to code for selecting all the attributes containing in
the combo box.

(b) Problem 2. A problem occurred while triggering a query, we were not getting the
data which was required by the application.

Solution. To solve this problem I consulted some books and took helped from my
friend, he solved the problem and the desired result was displayed. The error occurred
due to some logical error.

(c) Problem 3. One problem occurred during testing phase of the software, the error
was related to Flex grid used in the form.

Solution: To solve this problem I make use of MSDN Library. I inserted the error
number to search the solution. It displayed the points related to the error and the
problem was solved.

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8. CONCLUSIONS & REMARKS:

The application software “Bus Reservation System” has been prepared with great
excitement and enthusiasm. It required a lot of efforts and hard work, which was
possible only by team work. The characteristics of this software which make it more
effective and efficient from existing system are as follows:

(a) It provides a better GUI environment to user.

(b) It provides an efficient security system to the software.

(c) The database is flexible.

(d) All work is computerized, so, no man power is required.

(e) The application provides platform independent software.

(f) It is easily understandable and reliable.

(g) The user’s requirement is fulfilled.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

A few textbooks were consulted before starting work on the project, and some of
them were found to be quite useful. Apart from textbooks, information from
internet was also gathered.

Textbooks: 1 MASTERING IN VISUAL BASIC

3 TOOLS OF VISUAL BASIC ( RAMESH BANGIA)
4 ACCESS 2000

Websites: 1. www.google.com
2. www.rsrtc.gov.in

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