Professional Documents
Culture Documents
DISASTER RISK
Learning Objectives
• Define disaster and disaster
risk;
• Explain the risk factors
underlying disaster;
• Describe the effects of disaster
to human life
• Explain how and when an
event becomes a disaster;
DISASTER
• It is defined as “ a sudden
calamitous event, bringing
great damage, loss,
destruction and devastation to
life and property.” ( Asian
Disaster Preparedness Center-
APDC, 2012)
• WHO defines disaster
as “ any occurrence
that causes
damage, ecological
disruption, loss of
human life,
deterioration of
health and health
services, on a scale
sufficient to warrant
an extraordinary
response from
outside the affected
community or area.
• From a socio-cultural
perspective, disaster is defined
as” a serious disruption of the
functioning of society, causing
widespread human, material
or environmental losses, which
exceed the ability of the
affected people to cope using
their human resources.
(Adelman, 2011)
• Natural or man-made emergencies
that cannot be handled by
affected communities who
experience severe danger and incur
loss of lives and properties causing
disruption in its social structure and
prevention of the fulfillment of all or
some of the affected community’s
essential functions.
Risk
• is the probability of harmful
consequences, or expected loss
of lives, people injured,
livelihoods, disruption of
economic activities and damages
to the environment as a result of
interactions between natural or
human induced hazards and
vulnerable / capable conditions.
Hazard
Vulnerability
Disaster
DISASTER RISK
• The potential disaster
losses, in lives, health
status, livelihoods,
assets and services,
which could occur to
a particular
community or a
society over some
specified future time
period.
Factors of Disaster Risk
• Hazard
• Vulnerability
• capacity
Essential Components in Determining
Risk
• Hazard occurrence
probability
is the likelihood of
experiencing a natural or
technological hazard at a
given location or region.
Quantifying hazard
probability involves
assessing not only the
probability of occurrence
but the probability of
magnitude
• Elements at risk
Identifying and making an
inventory of people or
school buildings or other
elements which would be
affected by the hazard.
• Vulnerability of the elements at
risk
How affected the school
buildings or school children or
other elements would be if they
were to experience some levels
of hazard impact.
TYPES OF DISASTER
• Natural Disaster
originate from the different
“forces” of nature( geological,
meteorological,
hydrometeorological and
biological).
Natural Types of Disaster
• Pest infestation
• Storm surge
• Typhoons/ cyclones
• Floods
• Flashfloods
• Volcanic eruption
• Earthquakes
• Droughts
• Tsunamis
• Heavy rains
• Fires (caused by lightning)
• Landslides (natural)
Man-Made
• Armed conflicts
• Industrial and chemical hazards
• Road and car accidents
• Environmental pollution
• War
• explosions
• Terrorist attack
• Oil spill
• Fire(caused by faulty wirings, etc.
• Maritime accidents
• Epidemics
Four Theories of Disaster