English

Notes about language (like grammar, alphabet,

pronunciation rules, etc)

First Verbs

be
be
there be
have (something)
do
go
want

can

need

think

know
say
like
speak
learn
understand
 Conjunctions

that (as in “I think that…” or “the woman that…”)

and
or
but
because
though
so (meaning “therefore”; e.g. “I wanted it, so I bought
it”)
before
after
if

Prepositions

of

to

from

on

in

at (a place)

at (a time)
with
about
like (meaning “similar to”)

for (warning, this one has several meanings that you

need to take care of)

before (also as a conjunction)

after (also as a conjunction)

during
Question Words
 who
what
where
when
why
how
how much/how many
which
Adverbs
A lot
A little
well
badly
only
also
very
too (as in “too tall”)
too much
so (as in “so tall”)
so much
more (know how to say “more … than …”)

less (know how to say “less … than …”)

as … as … (e.g. “as tall as”)

most

least

better
best
worse
worst
now
 then
here
there
maybe
always
usually
often
sometimes
never
today
yesterday
tomorrow
soon
almost

already

still

even

enough
up
down
next to
in front of
behind
(to the) left
(to the) right
inside
outside
approximately
Adjectives

the, a (technically articles)

this

that
good
bad
all
 some

no

any
many
few
most
other
same
different
enough
one
two
a few
first
next

last (meaning “past”, e.g. “last Friday”)

last (meaning “final”)

easy
hard
early
late
important
interesting
fun
boring
beautiful
big
small
happy
sad
busy
excited
tired
ready
favorite
new
 right (meaning “correct”)

wrong
true
fast
slow

Pronouns

Know them in the subject (“I”), direct object (“me”),

indirect object (“to me”), and possessive (“my”) forms.

you

she

he
it
we

you (plural)

they

Nouns

If your language has grammatical gender, then learn

each noun as “the [noun]” with “the” in the correct
gender. (e.g. in Spanish, instead of learning language =
“idioma”, learn language = “el idioma”.) This will help
you remember the gender.
 everything

something
nothing
everyone
someone
no one

(name of the language you’re studying)

English (Your native language)

thing
person
place
time (as in “a long time”)

time (as in “I did it 3 times”)

friend
woman
man
money
country
(name of your home country)
city
language
word
food
beverage
breakfast

lunch

dinner
house
store
office
internet
name
school
 university
company
manager
coworker
classmate
job
work (as in “I have a lot of work to do”)
homework
problem
answer
question
idea
life
world
day
year
week
month
hour

mother

father
parent/s

daughter
son
child/children
sister
brother
siblings

wife

husband
boyfriend

girlfriend
More Verbs

work (as in a person working)

work (meaning “to function”, e.g. “the TV works”)
see
use
should
believe
practice
seem
come
leave
return
give
take
bring/carry
look for
find
get (meaning “obtain”)
receive
buy
try

start
stop (doing something)
finish
continue
sleep
wake up
get up
eat
eat breakfast (in several languages, this is a verb)
eat lunch
eat dinner
happen
feel

create (aka “make”)

cause (aka “make”)

meet (meeting someone for the first time)

meet (meaning “to bump into”)
 meet (an arranged meeting)
ask (a question)
ask for (aka “request”)
wonder
reply
mean
read
write
listen
hear
remember
forget
choose
decide
be born
die
kill
live
stay
change
help
send
study
improve
hope
play
talk
care
to be called
become
have to
Phrases
hello
goodbye
thank you

you’re welcome

excuse me (to get someone’s attention)

sorry
 it’s fine (response to an apology)

please

yes
no
okay
My name is
What’s your name?
I'm … years old.
How old are you?

Nice to meet you.

How are you?

I’m doing well, how about you?

Sorry? / What? (if you didn’t hear something)

How do you say ______?

What does ______ mean?

I don’t understand.

Could you repeat that?

Could you speak more slowly, please?

Well (as in “well, I think…”)

Really?
I guess that
It’s hot. (talking about the weather)

It’s cold. (talking about the weather)

Others
Present
past
future
한국어 (Korean- Coreano)

첫 동사

이다
있다
있다
있다
하다
가다
~고 싶다

~을 수 있다

필요하다

생각하다

알다
말하다
좋아하다
말하다
배우다
이해하다
 있지만 너무 어렵다
그리고
거나
그렇지만/하지만
왜냐하면 … 때문이다
하지만
그래서
~기 전에
~은/ㄴ 후에
~(으)면

부터/에서

까지

에
와/과 - 같이 (con alguien) / 으로 (con algo)
(에)대해
처럼

위해서/으로

전에

나중에/ 이따가

(으)면서/ 는 동안
의문문
 누구
무엇
어디
언제
왜
어떻게
얼마
몇/무슨
부사
많이
초금
좋게
나쁘게
~만
~도
매우
너무
무척

더 ( ~보다 더)

덜 (~보다 덜)

만큼

제일

제일 안

더 좋은
가장 좋은 것
더 나쁜
가장 나쁜 것
지금
 그럼
여기
저기
아마도
항상/언제나
보통
보통
가끔
전혀 ~지 않다
오늘
어제
내일
곧
거의 ~지 않다

이미/ 벌써

아직

까지도

충분하다
위
아래/밑
옆
앞
뒤
왼쪽(으로)
오른쪽(으로)
안
밖
쯤
형용사

N/A

이것

저것
좋다
나쁘다
다
 일부

아니요

아무것이든/어떤/아무
많다
적다
대부분
다른
같다
다르다
충분하다
하나/일
둘/ 이
몇~
첫번째
다음에

지난

마지막
쉽다
어렵다
일찍 / 이르다
늦게 / 늦다
중요하다
흥미있다
재미있다
지루하다
예쁘다/아름답다
크다
작다
행복하다
슬프다
바쁘다
들뜨다
피곤하다
준비되다
아주 좋아하다
새롭다
 맞다

틀리다
진짜
빠르다
천천하다/느리다

D.O 을/를, I.O. 에게,에게서, 에, Possesive ~의

나/저

너/당신

그녀

그
그것
우리/저희

당신들

그들

명사
 다/모든

어떤 것/무언가
아무것도 … 않다
모든 사람/누구나/누구든지
누군가
아무도 … 않다

(무슨 언어 배우고 있습니까?)

한국어/ 국어
것
사람
곳/장소
시간

친구
여자
남자
돈
나라
(너의 나라 이름)
도시
언어
말
음식
음료수
아침밥

점심밥

저녁밥
집
가게
사무실
인터넷
이름
학교
 대학교
희사
매니저
동료
급우
직업/일
일
숙제
문제
답
질문
아이디어
삶
새상/새계
일/하루
년/해
주
달/개월
시

어머니

아버지
부모님

딸
아들
아이/ 아들딸
언니(여자만 말한다)/누나(남자만 말한다)
오빠(여자만 말한다)/형(남자만 말한다)
형제/남매/자매

안내

남편
남자친구

여자친구
동사 추가

일하다
 되다
보다
쓰다/사용하다
~야지요
믿다
연습하다
같다
오다
나가다
돌아오다/돌아가다
주다
받다 / 타다
가지고 가다
찾다
찾다
얻다
받다
사다
시도하다/보다/ 노력하다

시작하다
그만하다/멈추다
끝나다
계속하다
자다
(잠을) 깨우다
일어나다
먹다
아침밥을 먹다
점심밥을 먹다
저녁밥을 먹다
지나다
느끼다

만들다

일으키다

만나다/뵙다
만나다
 만나기로 하다
질문하다
부탁하다
대답하다
대답하다/응하다
의미하다/뜻하다/나타나다
읽다
쓰다
들어보다
듣다
기억하다
잊어버리다
고르다/선택하다
결정하다
태어나다
죽다/돌아가시다
하수하다
알다
머무르다/ 지내다
바뀌다
돕다/도와주다
보내다
공부하다
낫다
~면 좋겠다
놀다 / 하다

(이)라고 하다
되다
~아/어야하다/되다
자구
안녕하세요?
안녕히가세요/안녕히 계세요
고맙습니다/ 감사합니다

천만에요/ 아니에요.

실례합니다

죄송합니다/미안합니다
 괘찮습니다

제발(begging) / 아,어 주다

네/예
아닙니다
좋습니다
저의 이름은 … 입니다/ 저는 …(이)라고 합니다
이름이 무엇입니까?
저는 …살입니다
몇살입니까?

만나서 반갑습니다/처음 뵙겠습니다

잘 지내고 있습니까?
잘 지내고 있습니다.

뭐라고요?

어떻게 … 말할 수 있습니까?

… 무슨 뜻입니까?

이해가 안 됍니다

다시 말해 주시겠어요?

천천히 말해 주시겠어요?

음
정말요? 진짜요?
저는 …라고 생각합니다.
덥습니다

춥습니다

기타
현재
과거
미래
Japanese

…だ
 [French-Francés]

First Verbs

Be - être
Be - être
There is - il y a
Have - avoir
Do - faire
Go - aller
Want - vouloir

Can - pouvoir

Need - devoir, avoir besoin

Think - penser

Know - savoir (facts, how to do something), connaître

(people, be familiar with)
Say - dire
Like - aimer, apprécier
Speak - parler
Learn - apprendre
Understand - comprendre
 Conjunctions

That (as in “I think that…” or “the woman that…”) - que

And - et
Or - ou
But - mais
Because - car, parce que
Though - cependant
So (meaning “therefore”; e.g. “I wanted it, so I bought
it”) - donc

If - si

Prepositions

Of - de

To - à

From - de

In - en

At (a place) - à

At (a time) - à
With - avec
About - à propos, sur
Like (meaning “similar to”) - comme

For - pour

Before (also as a conjunction) - avant

After (also as a conjunction) - après

During - pendant
Question Words
 Who - qui
What - quoi, que
Where - où
When - quand
Why - pourquoi
How - comment
How much - combien
Which - lequel/laquelle/lesquels/lesquelles
Adverbs
A lot - beaucoup
A little - un peu
Well, good - bien, bon
Bad, badly - mal, mauvais
Only - seulement, juste
Also - aussi
Very - très
Too (as in “too tall”) - trop
Too much - trop
So (as in “so tall”) - tellement, si
11. So much - beaucoup
12. More (know how to say “more … than …”) - plus
(que)

13. Less (know how to say “less … than …”) - moins (de)

14. As … as … (e.g. “as tall as”) - aussi (… que)

15. Most - la plupart, le/la/les plus

16. Least - moins

17. Better - mieux

18. Best - meilleur
19. Worse - pire
20. Worst - pire
21. Now - maintenant
 22. Then - puis
23. Here - ici
24. There - là
25. Maybe - peut-être
26. Always - toujours
27. Usually - habituellement
28. Often - souvent
29. Sometimes - parfois
30. Never - jamais
31. Today - aujourd’hui
32. Yesterday - hier
33. Tomorrow - demain
34. Soon - bientôt
35. Almost - presque

36. Already - déjà

37. Still - toujours

38. Even - même

39. Enough - assez

Adjectives

1. The, a - le/la/les, un/une/des

2. This - ceci, cela/ça

3. That - ceci, cela/ça

4. Good - bon
5. Bad - mauvais
6. All - tout, tous
 7. Some - quelque(s)

8. No - aucun(e)(s)

9. Any - n’importe quel(le)(s)

10. Many - beaucoup
11. Few - peu
12. Most - plus
13. Other - autre(s)
14. Same - même
15. Different - différent
16. Enough - assez
17. One - une
18. Two - deux
19. A few - quelques
20. First - premier
21. Next - suivant

22. Last (meaning “past”, e.g. “last Friday”) - dernier

23. last (meaning “final”) - dernier

24. Easy - simple, facile
25. Hard - compliqué, difficile
26. Early - tôt
27. Late - tard
28. Important - important
29. Interesting - intéressant
30. Fun - amusement
31. Boring - ennuyeux
32. Beautiful - beau(x)/belle(s)
33. Big - grand(e)
34. Small - petit(e)
35. Happy - heureux
36. Sad - triste
37. Busy - occupé
38. Excited - enthousiaste
39. Tired - fatigué
40. Ready - prêt
41. Favorite - favori
42. New - nouveau
 43. Right (meaning “correct”) - bonne

44. Wrong - mal

45. True - vrai

Pronouns

Know them in the subject (“I”), direct object (“me”),

indirect object (“to me”), and possessive (“my”) forms.

1. I - je (subject), moi (object), mon/ma/mes

(possessive)

2. You - tu (subject), toi (object), ton/ta/tes

(possessive)

3. She - elle (subject), elle (object), son/sa/ses

(possessive)

4. He - il (subject), lui (object), son/sa/ses (possessive)

5. It - il, ça/c’
6. We - nous (subject), nous (object), notre/nos
(possessive)
7. You (plural/ formal) - vous (subject), vous (object),
votre/vos (possessive)

8. They - elles, ils (subject), elles, eux (object), leur(s)

(possessive)

Nouns

If your language has grammatical gender, then learn each noun as “the [noun]” with “the” in the correct gender.
 1. Everything - tout

2. Something - quelque chose

3. Nothing - rien
4. Eeveryone - tout le monde
5. Someone - quelqu’un
6. No one - personne

7. French - Français

8. English - Anglais
9. Thing - une chose
10. Person - une personne
11. Place - un endroit
12. Time (as in “a long time”) - le temps

13. Time (as in “I did it 3 times”) - une fois

14. Friend - un(e)(s)/des ami(e)(s), pote(s)

15. Woman - une femme
16. Man - un homme
17. Money - de l’argent
18. Country - un pays

20. City - une ville

21. Language - une langue
22. Word - un mot
23. Food - une nourriture

24. House - une maison

25. Store - un magasin
26. Office - un bureau, un travail
 27. Company - une entreprise
28. Manager - un manager
29. Coworker - un collègue

30. Job - un travail

31. Work (as in “I have a lot of work to do”) - un travail

32. Problem - un problème

33. Question - une question

34. Idea - une idée
35. Life - une vie
36. World - un monde
37. Day - un jour
38. Year - une année
39. Week - une semaine
40. Month - un mois
41. Hour - une heure

42. Mother, father, parent - une mère, un père, un

parent

43. Daughter, son, child - une fille, un fils, un enfant

44. Wife, husband - une femme, un mari

45. Girlfriend, boyfriend - une copine, un copain

More Verbs

1. Work (as in a person working) - travailler

2. Work (meaning “to function”, e.g. “the TV works”) -
fonctionner
3. See - voir
4. Use - utiliser
5. Should - devoir
6. Believe - croire
7. Practice - s’entraîner
8. Seem - sembler
9. Come - venir
10. Leave - quitter
11. Return - retourner
12. Give - donner
13. Take - prendre
14. Bring - apporter
15. Look for - chercher
16. Find - trouver
17. Get (meaning “obtain”) - obtenir
18. Receive - recevoir
19. Buy - acheter
20. Try - essayer

21. Start - commencer

22. Stop (doing something) - arrêter
23. Finish - finir
24. Continue - continuer

25. Wake up - se réveiller

26. Get up - se lever
27. Eat - manger
28. Eat breakfast - manger le petit déjeuner
29. Eat lunch - déjeuner
30. Eat dinner - manger le dîner
31. Happen - se produire
32. Feel - ressentir

33. Create (aka “make”) - créer

34. Cause (aka “make”) - faire

35. Meet (meeting someone for the first time) -

rencontrer
36. Meet (meaning “to bump into”) - rencontrer
 37. Meet (an arranged meeting) - retrouver
38. Ask (a question) - demander
39. Ask for (aka “request”) - demander
40. Wonder - se demander
41. Reply - réponse
42. Mean - signifier
43. Read - lire
44. Write - écrire
45. Listen - écouter
46. Hear - entendre
47. Remember - se souvenir de
48. Forget - oublier
49. Choose - choisir
50. Decide - décider
51. Be born - né
52. Die - mourir
53. Kill - tuer
54. Live - vivre
55. Stay - rester
56. Change - changer
57. Help - aider
58. Send - envoyer
59. Study - étudier
60. Improve - améliorer
61. Hope - espérer

62. Care - se sentir concerné

Phrases
1. Hello - bonjour
2. Goodbye - au revoir
3. Thank you - merci

4. You’re welcome - je t’en/vous en prie

5. Excuse me (to get someone’s attention) - excuse(z)

moi, pardon

6. Sorry - désolé(e)
7. It’s fine (response to an apology) - ce n’est pas grave

8. Please - s’il te/vous plait

9. Yes - oui
10. No - non
11. Okay - ok
12. My name is - Je m’appelle
13. What’s your name? - Quel est votre nom?

14. Nice to meet you. - Enchanté.

15. How are you? - Comment allez-vous?

16. I’m doing well, how about you? - Je fais bien, que
diriez-vou?
17. Sorry? / What? (if you didn’t hear something) -
Comment?

18. How do you say ______? - Comment dite-on

______?

19. What does ______ mean? - Que veut dire ______?

20. I don’t understand. - Je ne comprends pas.

21. Could you repeat that? - Pourriez-vous répéter?

22. Could you speak more slowly, please? - Pouvez-vous

parler plus lentement, s’il vous plait?

23. Well (as in “well, I think…”) - eh bien, alors

24. Really? - Vraiment?
25. I guess that - Je suppose que
26. It’s hot. (talking about the weather) - Il fait chaud.

27. It’s cold. (talking about the weather) - Il fait froid.

 [German- Alemán]

to be: sein

there is: es gibt

to have: haben
to do: tun - machen
to go: gehen
to want: wollen / möchten

to be able to: können / dürfen / sollen

to need (require): brauchen

to think: denken (think) - glauben (believe)

to know (facts): wissen // to know (person): kennen

to say: sagen
to like: mögen
to speak: sprechen
to learn: lernen
to understand: verstehen
 CONJUNCTIONS Suboordinating conjunctions
(marked*) send the main verb to the very end of the
clause.

that: dass*
and: und
or: oder
but: aber - doch - sondern (after negative)
because: weil* - denn
though: obwohl*
therefore: deswegen - deshalb - also - darum
before: conjunction(bevor*)
nachdem
if: wenn* (if - when) - falls* (in the case that)

PREPOSITIONS [+required case]

of: von [+dat] - aus (made of) [+dat]

to: zu [+dat] - an (send to) [+akk] bis (+akk)

from: aus [+dat] - von (run from) [+dat] - vor (hide from)
[+dat]
on: an (date - vertical surface) [+akk/dat] - auf
(horizontal surface) [+akk/dat] - mit (mode of transport)
[+dat]
in: in [+akk/dat] - mit (mode of transport) [+dat] - auf
(language) [+dat]
at (place): an [+akk/dat] - in (school - state - doing sthg)
[+akk/dat]

at (time): um [+akk]
with: mit [+dat]
about: über [+akk/dat] - an [+akk]
like (similar to): wie

for: für [+akk]

before: vor (in front of) [+akk/dat]

after: nach [+dat]

QUESTION WORDS
who [whom - to whom - whose]: wer [wen - wem -
wessen]
what: was
where: wo (stationary) - wohin (where to) - woher
(where from)
when: wann
why: warum - wieso
how: wie
how much: wie viel

a lot: viel
a little: ein bisschen
gut, toll
schlecht,
only: nur (just) - erst (time)
also: auch
very: sehr
too: zu
viel
sehr
zu / so
more [than]: mehr [als]

weniger als

sowohl ... Als auch / sowohl ... Wie

most: meist

wenigsten

better: besser
besste
schlimm
schlmisste
now: jetzt - nun
 dann, also
here: hier
dort
maybe: vielleicht
always: immer
normalerweise
often: oft
sometimes: manchmal
never: nie - niemals
today: heute
yesterday: gestern
tomorrow: morgen
bald
almost: fast

already: schon

still: noch (not yet) – still (not moving)

even (same): gleich

enough: genug
oben
unten
neben / zu Seite
vorne / gegenüber (+ dativ)
hinter
links
rechst
innen, drinnen
drausen, außen
ungefähr

der / die / die / die / ein/ eine/ (depende del caso)

dies (depende del caso)

das
good: gut
bad: schlecht
all: alle
 some: etwas (used with uncountable nouns) – einige
(used with plural nouns)

no: kein (negative of ein) // not: nicht

jede, jeder, jedes

viele
wenig
die meistens
other: andere
gleich
different: anders (other) - verschieden - unterschiedlich
genug
eins
zwei
ein bisschen
erster
folgendes

vergangenheit

letzte
easy: einfach (simple) - leicht (light)
hard: schwierig (difficult) - schwer (heavy)
early: früh
late: spät
important: wichtig
cool: toll (great) - cool
lustig
lagweilig
beautiful: schön
groß
klein
glücklich
traurig
beschäftig
aufgeregt
müde
bereit
liebling / favorit
neue
 right: richtig

wrong: falsch
richtig
schnell
langsam

PRONOUNS nom [akk - dat - gen]

I: ich [mich - mir - mein]

we: wir [uns - uns - unser]

you (informal singular): du [dich - dir - dein]

you (informal plural): ihr [euch - euch - euer]

you (fomal singular and plural): Sie [Sie - Ihnen - Ihr]

she: sie [sie - ihr - ihr]
he: er [ihn - ihm - sein]

it: es [es - ihm - sein]

they: sie [sie - ihnen - ihr]

NOUNS definite article [plural form]

All nouns in German start with a capital letter.

 everything: alles

something: etwas
nothing: nichts
alle
jemand (depende del caso)
niemand

Deutsch

Spanisch
thing: das Ding [Dinge]
person: die Person [Personen] - der Mensch [Menschen]
(human)
place: der Ort [Orte]
time: die Zeit [Zeiten]

time (3 times): mal

friend: der Freund [Freunde] - die Freundin

[Freundinnen]
die Frau
der Mann
money: das Geld
das Land
Kolumbien
die Stadt
language: die Sprache [Sprachen]
word: das Wort [Wörter]
das Essen
das Getränk
breakfast: das Frühstück [Frühstücke]

lunch: das Mittagessen

dinner: das Abendessen

house: das Haus [Häuser]
die Laden
office: das Büro [Büros]
das Internet
der Name
die Schule
 die Universität
company: die Firma [Firmen]
der Geschäftsführer / der Leiter
der Kollege die Kollegin
die Kommilitone (Universität)
die Arbeit / der Job
die Arbeit / der Job
die Ausgabe
das Problem
die Antwort
die Frage
die Idee
das Leben
die Welt
day: der Tag [Tage]
year: das Jahr [Jahre]
week: die Woche [Wochen]
der Monat
hour: die Stunde [Stunden]

mother - father - parents: die Mutter [Mütter] - der

Vater [Väter] - die Eltern

der Vater
die Eltern

daughter - son - child: die Tochter [Töchter] - der Sohn

[Sohne], das Kind [Kinder]
der Sohn
die Kinder
die Schwester
der Brüder
die Geschwistern

wife - husband: die Frau [Frauen] - der Mann [Männer]

der Mann, der Ehemann

boyfriend - girlfriend : der Freund [Freunde] - die
Freundin [Freundinnen]
die Freundin

to work: arbeiten
 funtionieren
to see: sehen
to use: nutzen
should: Konjunktiv ii of sollen
glauben
praktizieren / üben
aussehen (sehe ... Aus)
to come: kommen
ausgehen (gehe ... aus)
zurückkommen (komme ... Zurück)
to give: geben - schenken (gift)
to take: nehmen
to bring: bringen
to look for - to search: suchen
to find: finden
to get (fetch): holen
to get (receive): bekommen
to buy: kaufen
to try (to do): versuchen //to try (test): probieren

to start: beginnen - anfangen

halten / stoppen
beenden
folgen
to sleep: schlafen
wachen
aufstehen (stehe ... Auf)
to eat: essen
frühstucken
das Mittagessen essen
Abendessen essen
passieren / sich ergeben
to feel: fühlen

to make (create): machen

to make (sb do sthg): veranlassen

to meet: treffen
sich mit jemandem treffen / begegnen
 sich mit jemandem treffen
fragen
bitten
sich fragen / sich wundern
antworten
bedeuten
to read: lesen
to write: schreiben
hören
zuhören
sich erinnern
vergessen
aussuchen / wählen
sich entscheiden
geboren
sterben
töten
leben
bleiben
wechseln
to help: helfen
senden
studieren / lernen
verbessern
hoffen
to play (game - music): spielen
to talk: reden
sich kümmern
to be called: heißen
to be going to - to become: werden
to need to: müssen
PHRASES
hello: hallo - hi
goodbye: auf Wiedersehen - tschüss
thank you: danke

you’re welcome: bitte

excuse me: Entschuldigung!

sorry: Entschuldigung! (pardon) - Es tut mir leid! (I’m

sorry)
 Es ist okay / es ist in Ordnung

please: bitte

yes: ja
no: nein - nee
okay: okay
Mein Name ist... / Ich heiße ...
Wie ist dein Name ? / Wie heißt du?
ich bin ... Jahre alt.
wie alt bist du?

nice to meet you: freut mich, Sie kennenzulernen - freut

mich, dich kennenzulernen

wie geht es dir?

mir geht es gut. Und dir?

Entschuldigung / Sorry / Was?

Wie sag man ... ?

Was bedeutet ...?

Ich verstehe nicht

Könntest du das bitte wiederholen?

Könntest du bitte langsamer sprechen?

well (filler): na - also - nun

really?: wirklich? - echt?
Ich vermute, dass
Es ist heiß! / Es ist warm!

Es ist kalt /
[Russian-Ruso]
Suomalainen [Finnish-Finlandés]

FIRST VERBS (English: Finnish)

Be: olla
Be: olla
There is: on
Have: -lla/-llä on
Do: tehdä
Go: mennä
Want: haluta

Can: voida

Need: tarvita

Think: ajatella

Know: tietää
Say: sanoa
Like: pitää, tykätä
Speak: puhua
Learn: oppia
Understand: ymmärtää
 CONJUNCTIONS (English: Finnish)

That (as in “I think that…”): että

And: ja
Or: tai
But: mutta
Because: koska
Though: vaikka
So: joten

If: jos

PREPOSITIONS (English: Finnish)

Of: -n

To: -lle, -n

From: -lta, -ltä, -sta, -stä

In: -sa, -sä

At (a place): -sa, -sä

At (a time): -lta, -ltä

With: kanssa
About: -sta, -stä
Like (meaning “similar to”): niin kuin

For: -lle

Before: ennen

After: jälkeen

During: aikana
QUESTION WORDS (English: Finnish)
 Who: kuka
What: mitä, mikä
Where: missä
When: milloin
Why: miksi
How: miten
How much: kuinka paljon
Which: mikä
ADVERBS (English: Finnish:
A lot: paljon
A little: vähän
Well: hyvin
Badly: huonosti
Only: vain
Also: myös
Very: tosi, todella
Too (as in “too tall”): liian
Too much: liian paljon
So (as in “so tall”): niin
So much: niin paljon
More (more than): enemmän (enemmän kuin)

Less (less than): vähemmän (vähemmän kuin)

As… as… (e.g. “as tall as”): yhtä… kuin…

Most: eniten

Least: vähiten

Better: parempi
Best: paras
Worse: huonompi
Worst: huonoin
Now: nyt
 Then: silloin
Here: täällä
There: siellä, tuolla
Maybe: ehkä
Always: aina
Usually: yleensä
Often: usein
Sometimes: joskus
Never: ei koskaan, ei ikinä
Today: tänään
Yesterday: eilen
Tomorrow: huomenna
Soon: pian
Almost: melkein

Already: jo

Still: vielä

Even: jopa

Enough: tarpeeksi

ADJECTIVES (English: Finnish)

The, a: -

This: tämä

That: se, tuo

Good: hyvä
Bad: huono
All: kaikki
 Some: joitakin

No: ei

Any: mikä vaan, mikä tahansa

Many: monta
Few: muutama
Most: eniten
Other: toinen, muu
Same: sama
Different: eri
Enough: tarpeeksi
One: yksi
Two: kaksi
A few: muutama
First: ensimmäinen
Next: seuraava, ensi

Last (meaning “past”, e.g. “last Friday): viime

Last (meaning “final”): viimeinen

Easy: helppo
Hard: vaikea
Early: aikainen
Late: myöhäinen
Important: tärkeä
Interesting: mielenkiintoinen
Fun: hauska
Boring: tylsä
Beautiful: kaunis
Big: iso, suuri
Small: pieni
Happy: iloinen, onnellinen
Sad: surullinen
Busy: kiireinen
Excited: innostunut
Tired: väsynyt
Ready: valmis
Favorite: lempi
New: uusi
 Right (meaning “correct”): oikea

Wrong: väärä
True: tosi, aito, oikea

PRONOUNS (English: Finnish)

Know them in the subject (“I”), direct object (“me”),

indirect object (“to me”), and possessive (“my”) forms.

I: minä, minua, minulle, minun

You: sinä, sinua, sinulle, sinun

He/she: hän, häntä, hänelle, hänen

It: se, sitä, sille, sen

We: me, meitä, meille, meidän
You: te, teitä, teille, teidän

They: he, heitä, heille, heidän

They (plural form of “it”): ne, niitä, niille, niiden

NOUNS (English: Finnish)

 Everything: kaikki

Something: jokin
Nothing: ei mikään
Everyone: kaikki
Someone: joku
No one: ei kukaan

Finnish: suomi, suomen kieli

English: englanti
Thing: asia
Person: ihminen
Place: paikka
Time (as in “a long time”): aika

Time (as in “I did it 3 times”): kerta

Friend: kaveri, ystävä

Woman: nainen
Man: mies
Money: raha
Country: maa
Finland: Suomi
City: kaupunki
Language: kieli
Word: sana
Food: ruoka

House: talo
Store: kauppa
Office: toimisto
 Company: yritys
Manager: johtaja
Coworker: työkaveri, kolleega

Job: työ
Work (as in “I have a lot of work to do”): tekeminen
(”minulla on paljon tekemistä”)

Problem: ongelma

Question: kysymys
Idea: idea
Life: elämä

Day: päivä
Year: vuosi
Week: viikko
Month: kuukausi
Hour: tunti

Mother: äiti

Father: isä
Parent: vanhempi

Daughter: tytär
Son: poika
Child: lapsi

Wife: vaimo

Husband: mies
Boyfriend: poikaystävä

Girlfriend: tyttöystävä
MORE VERBS (English: Finnish)

Work (as in a person working): tehdä töitä, työskennellä

Work (meaning “to function): toimia
See: nähdä
Use: käyttää
Should: pitäisi
Believe: uskoa
Practice: harjoitella
Seem: näyttää
Come: tulla
Leave: lähteä
Return: palata
Give: antaa
Take: ottaa
Bring: tuoda
Look for: etsiä
Find: löytää
Get (meaning “obtain”): saada
Receive: saada, vastaanottaa
Buy: ostaa
Try: yrittää

Start: aloittaa
Stop: lopettaa
Finish: lopettaa, tehdä loppuun
Continue: jatkaa

Wake up: herätä

Get up: nousta ylös

Eat breakfast: syödä aamiaista

Eat lunch: syödä lounasta
Eat dinner: syödä päivällistä/illallista
Happen: tapahtua
Feel: tuntea

Create (aka “make”): tehdä

Cause (aka “make”): tehdä

Meet: tavata
 Ask (a question): kysyä
Ask for (aka “request”): pyytää
Wonder: ihmetellä
Reply: vastata
Mean: tarkoittaa
Read: lukea
Write: kirjoittaa
Listen: kuunnella
Hear: kuulla
Remember: muistaa
Forget: unohtaa
Choose: valita
Decide: päättää
Be born: syntyä
Die: kuolla
Kill: tappaa
Live: elää
Stay: jäädä, pysyä
Change: muuttua
Help: auttaa
Send: lähettää
Study: opiskella
Improve: parantaa
Hope: toivoa

Care: välittää

PHRASES (English: Finnish)

Hello: Hei, moi, terve…
Goodbye: Hyvästi, näkemiin, hei hei…
Thank you: Kiitos

You’re welcome: Ole hyvä

Excuse me (to get someone’s attention): Anteeksi

Sorry: Anteeksi
 It’s fine (response to an apology): Ei se mitään

Please: Kiitos

Yes: Kyllä
No: Ei
Okay: Okei
My name is: Minun nimeni on
What’s your name?: Mikä sinun nimesi on?

Nice to meet you: Hauska tavata, hauska tutustua

How are you?: Mitä (sinulle) kuuluu?

I’m doing well, how about you?: (Minulle kuuluu) hyvää,
entä sinulle?
Sorry? / What? (if you didn’t hear something): Anteeksi?
/ Mitä?

How do you say _____?: Miten sanotaan _____?

What does _____ mean?: Mitä _____ tarkoittaa?

I don’t understand: (Minä) en ymmärrä

Could you repeat that?: Voisitko toistaa?

Could you speak more slowly, please?: Voisitko puhua

hitaammin, kiitos?

Well (as in “well, I think…”): No…

Really?: Oikeasti? Niinkö?
I guess that: Niin kai
It’s hot (talking about the weather): On kuuma

It’s cold (talking about the weather): On kylmä

 簡單廣州話 gáandāan gwóngjāuwah (basic
Cantonese)

First Verbs

be - 係 haih, 喺 hái (to be in/at/on)

there is - 有 yóuh (neg.=冇 móuh)

have - 有 yóuh (neg.=冇 móuh)
do - 做 jouh
go - 去 heui
want - 要 yiu, 想 séung (with a verb)

can - 可以 hó yíh (allowed to), 識 sīk (literally means

“know how to,” but can be used to mean “can”), 會 wúih
(have the ability to, know how to), -得 dāk (can mean
either), -得倒 dākdóu (same as -得 dāk, neg.=-唔倒
mm hdóu)
need - 需要 sēui yiu, 要 yiu (neg.=唔駛 mm hsái)

think - 諗 nám

know - 知(道) jī (dou), 識 sīk (“know how to”)

say - 講 góng, 話 wah
like - 鍾意 jūng yi, 中意 jūng yi
speak - 講 góng, 識講 sīk góng (a language)
learn - 學 hohk
understand - 明白 mìhng baahk
that (as in “I think that…” or “the woman that…”) - not a
thing
and - 同 tùhng
or - 定係 dihng haih
but - 但係 daahn haih
because - 因為 yān waih
though - 雖說 sēui syut
so (meaning “therefore”; e.g. “I wanted it, so I bought
it”) - 噉 gám

if - 如果 yùh gwó

of - 嘅 ge

to - 去 héui

from - 由 yàuh

in - 在 joih, 喺 hái

at (a place) - 喺 hái

at (a time) - 喺 hái
with - 同 tùhng
about - 關於 gwāan yū
like (meaning “similar to”) - 噉 gám

for - 為 wàih

before (also as a conjunction) - 之前 jī chìh

after (also as a conjunction) - 之後 jī hauh

during - 之際 jī jai
 who - 邊個 bīn go
what - 乜野 māt yéh
where - 邊度 bīn douh
when - 幾時 géi sìh
why - 點解 dím gáai
how - 點樣 dím yéung
how much - 幾多 géi dō
which - 邊 bīn

a lot - 好多 hóu dō
a little - 少少 síu síu
well - 好 hóu
badly - 壞 waaih
only - 只係 jí haih
also - 都 dōu, 又 yauh
very - 好 hóu
too (as in “too tall”) - 太 taai
too much - 太多 taai dō
so (as in “so tall”) - 咁 gam
so much - 咁多 gam dō
more - 過 gwo (put after the adjective: 我高過你 ngóh
gōu gwo néih=I am taller than you)
less - not really a thing, negative version of the 過 gwo
construction
as … as … (e.g. “as tall as”) - Positive: 同…一樣咁
tùhng…yāt yeuhng gam (e.g. 我同你一樣咁高 ngóh
tùhng néih yāt yeuhng gam gōu=I am as tall as you),
Negative: 冇…一樣咁 móuh…yāt yeuhng gam (e.g. 我冇
你一樣咁高 ngóh móuh néih yāt yeuhng gam gōu=I am
not as tall as you)

most - 最…嘞 jeui…lak (e.g. 最高嘞 jeui gōu lak=tallest,

the 嘞 lak goes at the end of the sentence)

least - not really a thing, negative version of the 最…嘞

jeui…lak construction

better - 好過 hóu gwo

best - 最好嘞 jeui hóu lak
worse - 壞過 waaih gwo
worst - 最壞嘞 jeui waaih lak
now - 而家 yìh gā
then - 當時 dōng sìh, 就 jauh (when in the construction
“if…, then…”)
here - 呢度 nī douh
there - 嗰度 gó douh
maybe - 話唔定 wah mm h dihng
always - 成日 sèhng yaht
usually - 通常 tūng sèuhng
often - 周不時 jāu bāt sìh
sometimes - 有時 yáuh sìh
never - 從未 chùhng meih
today - 今日 gām yaht
yesterday - 琴日 kàhm yaht
tomorrow - 聽日 tīng yaht
soon - 就快 jauh faai
almost - 差唔多 chā mm h dō (similar), 就嚟 jauh lèih
(soon)

already - 已經 yíh gīng

still - 重係 juhng haih

even - 連…都 lìhn…dōu, 甚至 sahm ji

enough - 夠 gau

the, a (technically articles) - not a thing, but using just a

classifier could make it definite in a way

this - 呢 nī

that - 嗰 gó
good - 好 hóu
bad - 壞 waaih
all - 都 dōu
 some - 啲 dī

no - 唔喺 mm h hái

any - 任何 yahm hòh

many - 多 dō
few - 少 síu
most - 最 jeui
other - 其他 kèih tā
same - 一樣 yāt yeuhng
different - 唔同 mm h tùhng
enough - 夠 gau
one - 一 yāt
two - 兩 léuhng (with a noun, “a pair of”), 二 yih (the
number two)
a few - 幾 géi
first - 第一 daih yāt (with a noun), 先 sīn (first this, then
that)
next - 下一個 hah yāt go
last (meaning “past”, e.g. “last Friday”) - 舊年 gauh nín,
上個月 seuhng go yuht (last month), 噙晚 kàhm máahn
(last night)
last (meaning “final”) - 最後 jeui hauh
easy - 容易 yùhng yih
hard - 辛苦 sān fú (not easy), 硬 ngaahng (not soft)
early - 早 jóu
late - 遲 chìh
important - 緊要 gán yiu
interesting - 有趣 yáuh cheui
fun - 好玩 hóu wàahn
boring - 腌悶 yīm muhn
beautiful - 靚 leng
big - 大 daaih
small - 細 sai
happy - 開心 hōi sām
sad - 難過 nàahn gwo
busy - 忙 mòhng
excited - 興奮 hīng fáhn
tired - 癐 guih
ready - 準備 jéun beih
favorite - 最愛 jeui oi
new - 新 sān
right (meaning “correct”) - 啱 ngāam

wrong - 錯 cho
true - 真 jān

I - 我 ngóh

you 你 néih

she - 佢 kéuih

he - 佢 kéuih
it - 佢 kéuih
we - 我哋 ngóh deih

you (plural) - 你哋 néih deih

they - 佢哋 kéuih deih

 everything - 乜都 māt dōu

something - 嘢 yéh
nothing - 冇嘢 móuh yéh
everyone - 大家 daaih gā
someone - 有人 yáuh yàhn
no one - 冇人 móuh yàhn
Cantonese - 廣州話 gwóng jāu wah, 廣東話 gwóng
dūng wah, 粵語 yuht yúh (Yue Chinese, which
Cantonese is technically a dialect of)
English - 英文 yīng màhn
thing - 嘢 yéh
person - 人 yàhn
place - 地方 deih fōng
time (as in “a long time”) - 時間 sìh gaan

time (as in “I did it 3 times”) - 次 chi

friend - 朋友 pàhng yáuh

woman - 女人 néuih yàhn
man - 男人 nàahm yàhn
money - 錢 chìhn
country - 國家 gwok gā
U.S.A. - 美國 méih gwok
city - 城市 sìhng síh
language - 語言 yúh yìhn
word - 字 jih
food - 食物 sihk maht

house - 屋 ūk
store - 舖頭 pou tàuh
office - 寫字樓 sé jih làuh
 company - 公司 gūng sī
manager - 經理 gīng léih
coworker - 同事 tùhng sih

job - 工 gūng
work (as in “I have a lot of work to do”) - 工作 gūng jok

problem - 問題 mahn tàih

question - 問題 mahn tàih

idea - 主意 jyú yi
life - 生命 sāng mihng
world - 世界 sai gaai
day - 日 yaht
year - 年 nìhn
week - 禮拜 láih baai
month - 月 yuht
hour - 小時 síu sìh

mother - 媽媽 màh mā, 老母 lóuh móuh

father - 爸爸 bàh bā, 老豆 lóuh dauh

parent - 親 chān, 父母 fuh móuh (more in the sense of
“parents”)

daughter - 女 néuih
son - 仔 jái
child - 細路 sai louh, 仔女 jái néuih (“sons and daughter,
children”)

wife - 老婆 lóuh pòh

husband - 老公 lóuh gūng

boyfriend - 男朋友 nàahm pàhng yáuh

girlfriend - 女朋友 néuih pàhng yáuh

work (as in a person working) - 工作 gūng jok

work (meaning “to function”, e.g. “the TV works”) - 功能
gūng nàhng
see - 見 gin
use - 用 yuhng
should - 應份 yīng fahn
believe - 信 seun
practice - 練習 lihn jaahp
seem - 睇嚟 tái lèih
come - 嚟 lèih
leave - 離開 lèih hōi
return - 返 fāan
give - 畀 béi
take - 攞 ló
bring - 拎 nīng, 帶 daai
look for - 搜 sáu, 搵 wán
find - 探 taam, 搵 wán
get (meaning “obtain”) - 得到 dāk dou
receive - 收倒 sāu dóu, 收到 sāu dóu
buy - 買 máaih
try - 試 si

start - 開始 hōi chí

stop (doing something) - 停(止) tìhng (jí)
finish - 殺攤 saat tāan
continue - 繼續 gai juhk

wake up - 醒 séng
get up - 起身 héi sān
eat - 食 sihk
eat breakfast - 食早餐 sihk jóu chāan
eat lunch - 食午餐 sihk ńgh chāan, 食晏 sihk aan
eat dinner - 食晚餐 sihk máahn chāan
happen - 發生 faat sāng
feel - 覺得 gok dāk (also means “to think”)

create (aka “make”) - 做 jouh, 造 jouh

cause (aka “make”) - 令 lihng

meet (meeting someone for the first time) - 相見 sēung

gin
meet (meaning “to bump into”) - 見 gin, 會 wuíh
 meet (an arranged meeting) - 見 gin, 會 wuíh
ask (a question) - 問 mahn
ask for (aka “request”) - 請求 chíng kàuh
wonder - 懷疑 wàaih yìh
reply - 回覆 wuìh fūk
mean - 意味着 yi meih jeuhk (signify), 係意思 haih yi sī
read - 睇(書) tái (syū)
write - 寫 sé
listen - 聽 tēng, 留心聽 làuh sām tēng
hear - 聽 tēng
remember - 記得 gei dāk
forget - 忘記 mòhng gei
choose - 選擇 syún jaahk
decide - 決定 kyut dihng
be born - 誕生 daan sāang, 出世 chēut sai
die - 死 séi
kill - 殺 saat
live - 住 jyuh (reside in a place), 生存 sāang chyùhn
stay - 留低 làuh dāi (remain behind)
change - 改(變) gói (bin)
help - 幫…手 bōng…sáu (lend a hand), 幫助 bōng joh
send - 發 faat
study - 讀書 duhk syū, 學習 hohk jaahp
improve - 改進 gói jeun
hope - 希望 hēi mohng

care - 着緊 jeuhk gán

hello - 你好 néih hóu

goodbye - 再見 joi gin
thank you - 唔該 mm h gōi

you’re welcome - 唔使 mm h sái

excuse me (to get someone’s attention) - 請問 chéng

mahn, 唔該 mm h gōi

sorry - 對唔住 deui mm h jyuh

 it’s fine (response to an apology) - 唔緊要 mm h gán yiu

please - 唔該 mm h gōi

yes - 係 haih
no - 唔係 mm h haih
okay - 得 dāk
My name is - 我個名係 ngóh go mìhng haih
What’s your name? - 你叫咩名？ néih giu mē mìhng

Nice to meet you. - 好高興見到你 hóu gōu hing gin dou

néih

How are you? - 你最近點？ néih jeui gahn dím

I’m doing well, how about you? - 好好，有心。你呢？
hóu hóu, yáuh sām. néih nē?
Sorry? / What? (if you didn’t hear something) - 乜野？
māt yéh?

How do you say ______ (in Cantonese)? - ______ 用（

粵語）點講？ ______ yuhng (yuht yúh) dím góng?

What does ______ mean? - ______係咩意思？ ______

haih mē yi sī
I don’t understand. - 我唔明（白）ngóh mm h mìhng
(baahk)
Could you repeat that? - 你可唔可以重複一次 néih hó
mm h hó yíh chùhng fūk yāt chi

Could you speak more slowly, please? - 你可唔可以講

慢啲 néih hó mm h hó yíh góng maahn dīt
Well (as in “well, I think…”) - 好呀 hóu ā
Really? - 真係？ jān haih?
I guess that - 我估 ngóh gú
It’s hot. (talking about the weather) - 今日好熱 gām
yaht hóu yiht (Today it’s hot)
It’s cold. (talking about the weather) - 今日好冷 gām
yaht hóu láahng (Today it’s cold)
 助詞 johchìh (particles):

錯 cho - incorrect or wrong action (ex.: 行錯 hàahngcho

- walk the wrong way, walk wrong)

得 dāk (1) - adjective following the verb becomes an

adverb, “in such a way that” (ex.: 畀得快 béidāk faai -
give quickly, give in such a way that it is quick)

得 dāk (2) - the action is possible, “can,” “able to” (ex.:

寫得 sédāk - able to write, can write)
得倒 dākdóu - “able to,” alternative to just 得 dāk (ex.:
用得倒 yuhngdākdóu - able to use)
倒 dóu - succeed in doing the action (ex.: 學倒 hohkdóu
- manage to learn, succeed in learning)
緊 gán - action is ongoing/continuous (ex.: 食緊 sihkgán
- be eating)
過 gwo - action has occurred, present perfect (ex.: 畀過
béigwo - have given)
吓 háh - brief action (ex.: 睇吓 táiháh - take a peek, look
at for a moment)
起嚟 héilàih - “when it comes to” the action, “once you
start” the action (ex.: 用起嚟 yuhnghéilàih - when it
comes to using, once you start using)
開 hōi - action that creates a gap (ex.: 行開 hàahnghōi -
walk away)
好 hóu - satisfactory action, action completed to
satisfaction (ex.: 寫好 séhóu - write to satisfaction,
complete all the writing that had to be done)
咗 jó - completed action (ex.: 食咗 sihkjó - ate)
住 jyuh - sustained state of the action (ex.: 睇住 táijyuh
- keep on looking, keeping an eye on)

落去 lohkheui - continue doing the action (ex.: 學落去

hohklohkheui - continue learning, carry on learning)

落嚟 lohklàih - downwards action (ex.: 睇落嚟

táilohklàih - look down)
埋 màaih - action that closes a gap (ex.: 行埋
hàahngmàaih - walk closer)
唔倒 mmhdóu - “unable to,” negative for 得 dāk (ex.: 用
唔倒 yuhngmm hdóu - unable to use)
晒 saai - fully completed action, “completely,” “at all”
(ex.: 冇晒 móuhsaai - not have at all, complete not have;
食晒 sihksaai - eat all up, eat all of)
成 sèhng - “make into,” “becoming” (ex.: 做成
jouhsèhng - make into; 改成 góisèhng - change into)
上 séuhng - upwards action, action onto something (ex.:
睇上 táiséuhng - look up; 貼上 tipséuhng - stick onto)

完 yùhn - an ended action (ex.: 學完 hohkyùhn - finish

learning)

無 mòuh (negative):

唔 mmh - negates most verbs

冇 móuh - negative of 有 yáuh (to have, there is/are)

唔駛 mmhsái - negative of 要 yiu (to need to)

未 meih - “not yet,” makes 唔 mm h unnecessary
 český [Czech-Checo]

be: být
be: být
there is: je
have: mít
do: dělat
go: jít (on foot)/jet (by vehicle)
want: chtít

can: moct

need: potřebovat

think: myslet

know: vědět
say: říct
like: mít rád(a) (masculine/feminine)
speak: mluvit
learn: učit se
understand: rozumět
 Conjunctions

that (as in “I think that…” or “the man that…”): že //

that/which (as in “the man that/which…”): který
and: a
or: nebo
but: ale
because: protože
though: nicméně
therefore: proto

if: jestli, když (when)

of: N/A - the genitive case instead

to: do (=time, into), k (=towards)

from: od (=time, from the outside of), z (=from the

inside of)

in: v

at (place): v (closed spaces, e.g. a store), na (open

spaces, e.g. a bus stop)

at (time): v
with: s
about: o
like (meaning “similar to”): jako

for: pro

before: před

after: po
 who: kdo
what: co
where: kde
when: kdy
why: proč
how: jak
how much: kolik

Adverbs
a lot: hodně
a little: trochu
good / well: dobrý / dobře
bad / badly: špatný / špatně
only: jen(om), pouze
also: také
very: velmi

too (as in “too much”): příliš

more (than): víc (než)

most: nej-

better: lepší (adj.) / lépe (adv.)

now: teď
 here: tady

maybe: možná
always: vždy

often: často
sometimes: někdy
never: nikdy
today: dnes
yesterday: včera
tomorrow: zítra

almost: skoro

already: už

still: stále, pořád

even: i

enough: dost

Adjectives

the, a: N/A

this: tenhle (m), tahle (f), tohle (n)

that: tamten (m), tamta (f), tamto (n)

other: jiný
all: všichni (m pl.), všechny (f pl.), každý (=every)
 some: nějaký

no: žádný

any: každý

same: stejný
different: jiný

easy: snadný, lehký

hard: těžký
early: brzy (adverb!)
late: pozdě (adverb!)
important: důležitý
cool: bezva(dný)

beautiful: krásný
 right: správný (adj.) / správně (adv.)

wrong: špatný (adj.) / špatně (adv.)

Pronouns

These are the nominative (basic) forms. There are 7

cases in Czech and the pronouns are different in all of
them.

I: já

you: ty (informal sg.), vy (formal sg.)

she: ona

he: on
it: ono
we: my

you (plural): vy

they: oni (m), ony (f), ona (n)

Nouns

Labeled either feminine, masculine, or neuter.

 everything: všechno (n)

something: něco (n)

nothing: nic (n)

thing: věc (f)

person: osoba (f)
place: místo (n)
time (as in “a long time”): čas (m)

time (as in “I did it 3 times”): -krát (e.g. three times =

třikrát)

friend: kamarád (m), kamarádka (f)

money: peníze (m, always plural)

country: země (f)

city: město (n)

language: jazyk (m)
word: slovo (n)

breakfast: snídaně (f)

lunch: oběd (m)

dinner: večeře (f)

house: dům (m)

office: kancelář (f)

company: společnost (f)

day: den (m)

year: rok (m)
week: týden (m)

hour: hodina (f)

mother: matka (f)

father: otec(m)
parent: rodič (m)

daughter: dcera (f)

son: syn (m)
child: dítě (n)

wife: žena (f)

husband: muž (m)

boyfriend: přítel (m)

girlfriend: přítelkyně (f)

More verbs

work: pracovat
 see: vidět
use: použít
should: měl(a) bych (I should, masculine/feminine),
měl(a) bys (you should), měl(a) by (he/she should)

give: dát
take: vzít

find: najít
get (meaning “obtain”): dostat

buy: koupit
try: zkusit

start: začít

sleep: spát

eat: jíst

feel: cítit

create (aka “make”): udělat

cause (aka “make”): udělat

meet: potkat
 ask: zeptat se

write: psát

decide: rozhodnout se

Phrases
hello: ahoj
goodbye: ahoj
thank you: děkuji, díky

you’re welcome: není zač

excuse me (to catch someone’s attention): promiň(te)

sorry: promiň(te) (informal/formal)

 please: prosím

yes: ano
no: ne
okay: dobře
My name is…: Jmenuji se…

Nice to meet you.: Rád(a) tě poznávám.

(masculine/feminine, informal) Rád(a) vás poznávám.
(formal or plural)

well (as in “Well, I think that…”): no

Really?: Vážně?
 Svenska [Sueco-Swedish]

Verbs - To start, I suggest memorizing the infinitive

form of these verbs and their present and past tense
“I” conjugations. In Swedish, the conjugated verb is the
same for every person. For example, it would be I am,
you am, he/she/it am, … [infinitive | present | past]

be - att vara | är | var

there is -det finns

have - att ha | har | hade
do - att göra | gör | gjorde
go - att gå | går | gick
want - att vilja | vill | ville

can - att kunna | kan | kunde

need - att behöva | behöver | behövde

think - att tänka | tänker | tänkte

know - att veta | vet | visste

say - att säga | säger | sa/sade
like - att tycka om | tycker om | tyckte om
speak - att tala | talar | talade
learn - att lära sig | lär sig | lärde sig
understand - att förstå | förstår | förstod
 Conjunctions

that (as in “I think that…” or “the woman that…”)

and - och
or - eller
but- men
though - fast / fastän
because - för / eftersom
therefore - alltså

if - om

Prepositions

of - av

to - till

from - från

in - i

at (place) - vid

at (time) - klockan x
with - med
about - om
like (meaning “similar to”) - som

for (warning, this one has several meanings that you

need to take care of) - för

before (also as a conjunction) - före / innan

after (also as a conjunction) - efter

Question Words
 who - vem
what - vad
where - var
when - när
why - varför
how - hur
how much - hur mycket

Adverbs
a lot - mycket
a little - lite
good / well - bra
bad / badly - dålig
only - bara
also - också
very - mycket

too (as in “too much”) - för

more (know how to say “more … than”) - mer

most - mest

better (often irregular and not just “more good”) - bättre

now - nu
 here - här

maybe - kanske
always - alltid

often - ofta
sometimes - ibland
never - aldrig
today (also as a noun) - i dag / idag
yesterday - i går / igår
tomorrow - i morgon / imorgon

almost - nästan

already - redan

still - fortfarande

even - till och med / även

enough - tillräcklig

Adjectives

the, a (technically articles) - den/det, en/ett

this (also as a noun) - denna, den här

that (also as a noun) - det

all - alla
 some - några

no - ingen

any - något

other - annan
same - samma
different - olik

easy - enkel
hard - svår
early - tidig
late - sen
important - viktig
cool (as in “that’s cool”) - kul / grym

beautiful - vacker / snygg

 right - rätt / riktig

wrong - fel

Pronouns

[subject | object | possesive form]

I - jag | mig | min/mitt

you - du | dig | din/ditt

she, he - hon, han | henne, honom | hennes, hans

it - det/den | den/det | sin/sitt

we - vi | oss | vår

you (plural) - ni | er | er

they - de | dem | deras/dess

Nouns

Swedish has two grammatical genders, common (utrum

- en) and neuter (neutrum - ett). About three quarters of
the Swedish nouns, especially living things, are common
nouns.
 everything - allting

something - någonting
nothing - ingenting

a thing - en sak
a person - en person
a place - en place
a time (as in “a long time”) - en tid

time (as in “I did it 3 times”) - gång

a friend - en vän

a money - pengar (plural)

a country - ett land

a city - en stad
a language - ett språk
a word - ett ord

a breakfast - en frukost

a lunch - en lunch

a dinner - en middag
a house - ett hus

an office - en byrå / en kontor

 a company - ett företag

a day - en dag
a year - ett år
a week - en vecka

an hour - en timme

a mother, a father, a parent, parents - en mamma, en

pappa, en förälder, föräldrar

a daughter, a son, a child - en dotter, en son, ett barn

a wife, a husband - en fru, en make

a girlfriend, a boyfriend -en flickvän, en pojkvän

More verbs

work (also as a noun) - att arbeta | arbetar | arbetade

 see - att se | ser | såg
use - att använda | använder | använde
should - att böra | bör | borde

give - att ge | ger | gav

take - att ta | tar | tog

find - att hitta | hittar | hittade

get (meaning “obtain”) - att få | får | fick

buy - att köpa | köper | köpte

try - att försöka | försöker | försökte

start - att börja | börjar | började

sleep - att sova | sover | sov

eat - att äta | äter | åt

feel - att känna | känner | kände

create (aka “make”) - att skapa | skapar | skapade

cause (aka “make”) - att orsaka | orsakar | orsakade

meet (meaning to meet someone for the first time) - att

lära känna | lär känna | lärde känna
 meet (meaning “meet up with”) - att möta | möter |
mötte
ask - att fråga | frågar | frågade

write - att skriva | skriver | skrev

decide - att bestämma | bestämmer | bestämde

Phrases
hello - hallå / hej
goodbye - hej då
thank you - tack / tack så mycket

you’re welcome - varsågod

excuse me (to catch someone’s attention) - Ursäkta mig.

sorry - Förlåt mig.

 please - snälla

yes - ja
no - nej
okay - okay
My name is… - Jag heter … / Mitt namn är …

“Nice to meet you.” - Trevligt att träffas.

well (as in “Well, I think that…”) - tja

Really? - Verkligen?
 Dutch[Holandés]

Verbs

1. zijn - be

2. er is - there is
3. hebben - have
4. doen - do
7. gaan - go
12. willen - want

14. kunnen - can

16. moeten / maar zouden - need

11. denken - think

10. weten - know

8. zeggen - say
13. ik hou van / mogen - like
9. spreken - speak
20. leren - learn
21. begrijpen, verstaan - understand
 Conjunctions:

1. die/dat that (as in “I think that…” or “the woman

that…”)
2. en - and
3. of - or
4. maar - but
5. hoewel - though
6. omdat - because
7. daarom - therefore

8. indien - if

Prepositions:

2. van - of

naar - to

3. uit / van, - from

4. in - in

5. in / op / bij - at (place)

6. om - at (time)
7. met - with
8. ongevaar - about
9. net als - like (meaning “similar to”)

10. voor - for

1. for achter - before

naar / na - after

Question Words
 1. wie - who
2. wat - what
3. waar - where
4. wanneer - when
5. waarom - why
6. hoe - how
7. hoeveel - how much

Adverbs
1. veel - a lot
een beetje - a little
2. goed / wel - good / well
slecht/slecht - bad / badly
4. allen maar - only
3. ook - also
1. heel - very

2. te - too (too much)

3. meer … dan - more than

4. meest - most

beter - better

5. nu - now
 6. hier - here

7. misschien - maybe
8. altijd - always

9. heden - often
10. soms - sometimes
11. nog (…) nooit - never
12. vandag / vangisteren - today
gisteren - yesterday
morgen - tomorrow

13. bijna - almost

15. nu al - already

14. nog (…) steeds - still

6. gelijk / gelijkwaardig - even

5. voldoende - enough

Adjectives

1. de / het / een - the, a

2. dit - this

3. alle - all
 sommige - some

geen - no

5. wel sommige - any

3. andere - other / 4. ieder - either

10. anders / verschillend - different

6. makkelijk - easy
hard - hard
7. vroeg - early
laat - late
8. belangrijk - important
9. uff / leuk - cool (as in ‘that’s cool’)

11. mooi - beautiful

 7. juist - right

fout - wrong

Pronouns

1. Ik - I

2. U(formal)/je(informal) - you

3. zij, hij - she, he

4. het - it
5. wij - we

6. jullie/je - you (plural)

7. zij - they

Nouns
 4. alles - everything

iets - something
niks/niets - nothing

1. ding - thing
2. persoon - person
3. plaats - place
5. tijd - time (as in “a long time”)

6. keer - time (as in “I did it 3 times”)

7. vriend - friend

15. geld - money

country

22. taal - lnguage

24. woord - word

12. ontbijt - breakfast

13. lunch - lunch

14. avondeten - dinner

20. huis - house

21. kantoor - office

26. internet - internet
23. naam - name
 25. gezelschap - company

16. dag - day

17. jaar - year
19. week - week

18. uur - hour

8. moeder - mother

vader - father
ouder - parent

9. dochter, zoon, kind - daughter, son, child

10. vrouw/echtgenote , man/echtgenoot - wife, husband

11. vriendin, vriendje - girlfriend, boyfriend

More verbs

19. werken - work

 26. zien - see
23. gebruiken - use
15. nodig hebben - should

28. geven - give

22. krijgen - get (meaning ‘obtain’)

25. eten, spijsen - eat
30. kopen - buy
17. proberen of proeven - try

24. beginnen of starten - start

29. slapen - sleep

18. zich voelen - feel

5. creëren - create

6. veroorzaken - cause
 27. schrijven - write

Phrases:
1. hallo / hoi(informal) - hello
2. du(i) / tot ziens / dag - goodbye
8. bedankt(informal)/dank je(informal)/U(formal) -
thank you

9. graag gedaan - you’re welcome

11. sorry? - pardon? (to catch someone’s attention)

10. sorry - sorry

 7. alstublieft - please

4. ja - yes
5. nee - no
6. in orde!/oke! - okay

3. Leuk je(informal)/U(formal) te ontmoeten - ‘Nice to

meet you’

12. nou - well (as in ‘well, I think that’)

13. bedoel je dat?! - (Really?!)
 [Mandarín]

Feel free to contact me and help me edit this post!

There are definitely things on here that can’t be
explained in a straight-forward way. Mandarin can’t be
translated so directly compared to other Indo-European
languages! Tone notes: 1st tone (high neutral): mā; 2nd
tone (rising): má; 3rd tone (falling rising): mǎ; 4th tone
(falling): mà; 5th tone (neutral): ma; *When there are
two 3rd tones together, the first one becomes a 2nd
tone. Ex: suǒ yǐ -> suó yǐ

Verbs

be － 是 shì

there is － 有 yǒu
have － 有 yǒu
do－做 zuò
go－去 qù
want－想要 xiǎngyào

can－可以 kě yǐ

need－要 yào

think－想 xiǎng

know－知道 （only for knowledge)（知道）zhīdào

say－講（more casual) （讲）jiǎng
like－喜歡（喜欢）xǐhuān
speak －說（说）shuō
learn－學（学）xué
understand－懂／明白 dǒng/míng bái
 Conjunctions

that (as in “I think that…” or “the woman that…”)

(doesn’t exist in Chinese)
and－和／而且／跟 hé/ěr qiě/gēn
or－或 huò
but－但是 dàn shì
though－可是 kē shì
because－因為（因为）yīn wèi
therefore－所以 suǒ yǐ

if－如果 rú guǒ
Prepositions

to－到 dào

from－從 （从）cóng

in－在（like “in a house”, 在家里面) zài

at (place)－在 zài

at (time)－在 zài
with－跟 gēn
about (approximately）－大概／大約（大约）dà
gài/dà yuè
like (meaning “similar to”)－像 xiàng
for (warning, this one has several meanings that you
need to take care of) //for (give to) you－給你（给你）
gěi nǐ

before (also as a conjunction)－以前 yǐ qián

after (also as a conjunction)－後來（后来）hòu lái

Question Words
 who－誰（谁）shéi
what－什麼（什么）shén me
where－哪裡（哪里）ná lǐ
when－什麼時候（什么时候）shén me shí hòu
why－為什麼（为什么）wèi shén me
how－怎麼（怎么）zěn me
how much－多少 duō shǎo

Adverbs
a lot－很多 hěn duō
a little－很少／一點（一点）hěn shǎo/yī dian
good / well－好／很好 hǎo/hěn hǎo
bad / badly－不好／差 bù hǎo/chā
only－只 zhǐ
also－還有（还有）hái yǒu
very－很 hěn

too (as in “too much”)－太 tài

more (know how to say “more … than”)－比（A）

（verb) bǐ

most－最 zuì

better (often irregular and not just “more good”)－更好

gèng hǎo

now－現在（现在）xiàn zài
 here－這裡（这里）zhè li

maybe－可能 kě néng
always－永遠（永远）yǒng yuán

often－常常／時常（时常）cháng cháng/ shí cháng

sometimes－有時（有时）yǒu shí
never－從來／從不（从来／从不）cóng bù
today (also as a noun)－今天 jīn tiān
yesterday－昨天 zuó tiān
tomorrow－明天 míng tiān

almost－快要／快會（快会）kuài yào/kuài huì

already－已經（已经）yǐ jīng

still－還（还）hái

even－都 dōu

enough－夠（够）gòu

Adjectives

the, a (technically articles) - no definite articles in

Chinese

this (also as a noun) 這（这）zhè / that (also as a noun)

那 nà

all－所有 suǒ yǒu

 some－一些 yī xiē

no－沒有／無 méi yǒu/wú

any－所有 suǒ yǒu

other－別的 bié de
same－一樣（一样）yí yàng
different－不同 bù tóng

easy－容易／簡單（简单）róng yì
hard－難（难）nán
early－早 zǎo
late－晚 wǎn
important－重要 zhòng yào
cool (as in “that’s cool”)－酷 kù

beautiful－美麗／漂亮（美丽） měi lì/piào liàng

 right－對（对）duì

wrong－錯（错）cuò

Pronouns - Know them in the subject (“I”), direct object

(“me”), indirect object (“to me”), and possessive (“my”)
forms.

I－我 wǒ

you－你 nǐ

she, he－她，他 tā

it－它／他 tā
we－我們 wǒ men

you (plural)－你們（你们）nǐ men

they－他們／她們（他们／她们）tā men

Nouns - Chinese has “measure words”, which is like

“a/an” in English. 一个 is used for most objects
(people, some objects), 一杯 is used for cups and
bottles [of liquid]
everything－所有的東西（所有的东西）suǒ yǒu de
dōng xī

something－一些東西（一些东西）yì xiē dōng xī

nothing－沒有（没有）méi yǒu

thing－東西（东西) dōng xi
person－人 rén
place－地方 dì fāng
time (as in “a long time”)－時間（时间）shí jiān

time (as in “I did it 3 times”)－次 cì

friend－朋友 péng yǒu

money－錢（钱）qián
country

city－城市 chéng shì

language－語言（语言）yu yán
word－字 zì

breakfast－早餐 zǎo cān

lunch－午餐 wǔ cān

dinner－晚餐 wǎn cān

house－家／房子／屋子 jiā/fáng zi/wu zi

office－辦公室（办公室）bàn gōng shì

Internet－網路（网路）wǎng lù
name
 company－公司 gōng sī

day－日／天 rì/tiān
year－年 nián
week－星期 xīng qī

hour－小時（小时）xiao shí

mother, father, parent－媽媽／母親，爸爸／父親，父

母（妈妈／母亲，爸爸／父亲）mā ma/mǔ qīn, bà
ba/fù qīn, fù mǔ

daughter, son, child－女兒，兒子，孩子 nǚ ér, ér zi,

hái zi

wife, husband－妻子／老婆／太太，先生／老公／丈
夫 qì zi/lǎo pó/tài tai, xiān shēng/lǎo gōng/zhàng fu

girlfriend, boyfriend－女朋友，男朋友 nǚ péng yǒu,

nán péng yǒu

More verbs

work (also as a noun) －工作 gōng zuò

 see－看 kàn
use－用 yòng
should－應該 （应该）yīnggāi

give－給（给）gěi
take－拿 nǎ

find－找 zhǎo
get (meaning “obtain”)－得 dé
eat－吃 chī
buy－買（买）mǎi
try－試（试）shì

start－開始（开始）kāi shǐ

sleep－睡覺（睡觉）shuì jiào

feel－感覺（感觉) gǎnjué

create (aka “make”) －創造／造（创造) chuàng

zào/zào

cause (aka “make”)－讓（让）ràng

meet (meaning to meet someone for the first time)－認
識（认识）rèn shi
meet (meaning “meet up with”)－見面（见面）jiàn
miàn
ask－問（问）wèn

write－寫（写）xiě

decide－決定 jué dìng

Phrases
hello－你好 nǐ hǎo
goodbye－再見（再见）zài jiàn
thank you－謝謝（谢谢）xiè xiè

you’re welcome－不客氣（不客气）bú kè qì

excuse me (to catch someone’s attention)－欸 èi

sorry－對不起（对不起）duì bù qi
 please－(no direct translation) 請- qǐng
yes－(no direct translation, closest is the word “to be”)
是 shì
no－不是 bú shì
okay－好 hǎo
My name is… － 我的名字是… wo de míng zi shì

“Nice to meet you.” －（Not said often in Chinese) 我很

高興認識你（我很高兴认识你）wǒ hěn gāo xìng rèn
shì nǐ

well (as in “Well, I think that…”)－那 nà

Really?－真的嗎？（真的吗？）zhēn de ma
 (Thai-Tailandés)

Verbs (infinitive)

1. be - เปป น [ bpen ], อยย ย [ yòo ], คคอ [ keu ]

2. there is - มม [ mee ]
3. have - มม [ mee ], ทาน [ taan ]
4. do - ทาท [ tam ]
7. go - ไป [ bpai ]
12. want - ตอ
ต งการ [ dtông gaan ]

14. can - สามารถ [ săa-mâat ]

15. need - ตตองการ  [ dtông gaan ]

11. think - คคด [ kít ]

10. know - รยต [ róo ]

8. say - พยด [ pôot ]
13. like - ชอบ [ chôp ], เหมคอน [ mĕuan ]
9. speak - พยด [ pôot ]
20. learn - เรม ยน [ rian ]
21. understand - เขตาใจ [ kâo jai ]
 Conjunctions

1. that (as in “I think that…” or “the woman that…”) - ทมย

[ têe ], ซซยง [ sêung ], ออน [ an ]
2. and - และ [ láe ]
3. or - หรค อ [ rĕu ]
4. but - แตย [ dtàe ]
5. though - ถซงแมวต าย [ tĕung máe wâa ]
6. because - เพราะวาย [ prór wâa ]
7. therefore - ดองนอนต [ dang nán ], เพราะฉะนอน ต [ prór chà-
nán ]

8. if - ถตา [ tâa ]

Prepositions

2. of - ของ [ kŏng ]

to - ถซง [ tĕung ]

3. from - จาก [ jàak ]

4. in - ใน [ nai ]

5. at (place) - ทมย [ têe ]

6. at (time) - ณ เวลา [ ná · way-laa ], ในชวย งเวลา [ nai

chûang way-laa ]
7. with - กอบ [ gàp ]
8. about - เกมยยวกอบ [ gìeow gàp ]
9. like (meaning “similar to”) - เหมคอน [ mĕuan ]

10. for (warning, this one has several meanings that you
need to take care of) - สาท หรอบ [ săm-ràp ]

1. before (also as a conjunction) - กอ

ย น [ gòn ]

after (also as a conjunction) - หลอง [ lăng ]

Question Words
 1. who - ใคร [ krai ]
2. what - อะไร [ a-rai ]
3. where - ทมยไหน [ têe năi ]
4. when - เมคยอไร [ mêua rai ]
5. why - ทาท ไม [ tam-mai ]
6. how - อยาย งไร [ yàang rai ]
7. how much - เทาย ไร [ tâo rai ]

Adverbs
1. a lot - มาก [ mâak ]
a little - เลปกนตอย [ lék nói ]
2. good / well - ดม [ dee ]
bad / badly - เลว [ leo ], แยย [ yâe ]
ต [ tâo nán ]
4. only - แคย [ kâe ], เทาย นอน
ย กอน [ chên gan ], ยคยงไปกวาย นอน
3. also - เชน ต [ yîng bpai gwàa
nán ]
1. very - มาก [ mâak ]

2. too (as in “too much”) - มาก [ mâak ]

3. more (know how to say “more … than”) - มากกวาย

[ mâak gwàa ]

4. most - ทมยสสด [ têe sùt ]

better (often irregular and not just “more good”) - ดม กวาย [

dee gwàa ]

5. now - เดมด ยวนมต [ dĭeow née ]

 6. here - ทมยนยม [ têe nêe ]

7. maybe - อาจจะ [ àat jà ]

8. always - ตลอดเวลา [ dtà-lòt way-laa ]

often - บอย ยๆ [ bòi bòi ]

sometimes - บางครองต [ baang kráng ]
never - ไมเย คย [ mâi koie ]
9. today (also as a noun) - วอนนมต [ wan née ]
yesterday - เมคยอวาน [ mêua waan ]
tomorrow -พรสย งนมต [ prûng-née ]

10. almost - เกคอบ [ gèuap ], เกคอบจะ [ gèuap jà ]

12. already - แลวต [ láew ], เรม ยบรตอยแลวต [ rîap rói láew ]

11. still - ยองคง [ yang kong ]

13. even - แมตกระทอยง [ máe grà-tâng ], ยคยงไปกวาย นอน

ต [ yîng
bpai gwàa nán ]
5. enough - พอเพมยง [ por piang ], พอสมควร [ por sŏm
kuan ]

Adjectives

1. the, a (technically articles) - (”the” is neither here nor

there in Thai), หนซย ง [ nèung ]

2. this (also as a noun) - นมต [ née ] / that (also as a noun) -

ต [ nán ]
นอน

ต
3. all - ทองหมด [ táng mòt ]
 some - บาง [ baang ]

no - ไมม
ย ม [ mâi mee ]

5. any - บาต ง [ bâang ]

4. other - อคยนๆ [ èun èun ]

10. same - เหมคอน [ mĕuan ]
11. different - แตกตาย ง [ dtàek dtàang ], ตาย ง [ dtàang ]

6. easy - งาย ย [ ngâai ]

hard - ยาก [ yâak ]
7. early - เชตา [ cháo ]
late - สาย [ săai ]
8. important - สาท คอญ [ săm-kan ]
9. cool (as in “that’s cool”) - เจงด [ jĕng ], เยมย ยม [ yîam ]

12. beautiful - สวย [ sŭay ]

 6. right - ถยกตอ
ต ง [ tòok dtông ]

wrong - ผคดพลาด [ pìt plâat ], ไมถย ยกตตอง [ mâi tòok dtông ]

Pronouns

1. I - ฉอน [ chăn ]

2. you - คสณ [ kun ]

3. she, he - เธอ [ ter ], เขา [ kăo ]

4. it - มอน [ man ]
5. we - พวกเรา [ pûak rao ]

6. you (plural) - พวกคสณ [ pûak kun ]

7. they - พวกเขา [ pûak kăo ]

Nouns
 4. everything - ทสกๆสคงย [ túk túk sìng ], ทสกๆอยาย ง [ túk túk
yàang ]

something - บางสคงย [ baang sìng ], บางอยาย ง [ baang yàang ]

nothing - ไมม
ย ม อะไร [ mâi mee a-rai ]

1. thing - สคงย [ sìng ]

2. person - บสคคล [ bùk-kon ]
3. place - สถานทมย [ sà-tăan têe ]
5. time (as in “a long time”) - เวลา [ way-laa ]

6. time (as in “I did it 3 times”) - ครองต [ kráng ] ( put it

after the numbers ex. 3 ครองต )

7. friend - เพคยอน [ pêuan ]

15. money - เงคน [ ngern ], ตองคค [ dtang ] (colloquialism)

country

21. city - เมคอง [ meuang ]

22. language - ภาษา [ paa-săa ]
23. word - คาท [ kam ]

12. breakfast - อาหารเชตา [ aa-hăan cháo ], มคตอเชตา [ méu

cháo ]
13. lunch - อาหารกลางวอน [ aa-hăan glaang-wan ], มคตอเทมยยง [
méu tîang ]

14. dinner - อาหารเยปน [ aa-hăan yen ], มคตอเยปน [ méu yen ]

25. house - บาต น [ bâan ]

26. office - สาท นอกงาน [ săm-nák ngaan ]

24. Internet - อคนเตอรคเนป ต [ in-dtêr-nét ]
name
 27. company - บรค ษอท [ bor-rí-sàt ]

16. day - วอน [ wan ]

17. year - ปม [ bpee ]
19. week - สอ ปดาหค [ sàp-daa ]

18. hour - ชอ ยวโมง [ chûa mohng ]

8. mother, father, parent - แมย [ mâe ], พอย [ pôr ], พอย แมย

[ pôr mâe ] or ผยป
ต กครอง [ pôo bpòk krong ]

9. daughter, son, child - ลยกสาว [ lôok săao ], ลยกชาย [ lôok

chaai ], ลยก [ lôok ] or เดปก [ dèk ]

10. wife, husband - ภรรยา [ pan-rá-yaa ] (polite) เมมย [ mia

] (impolite), สามม [ săa-mee ] (polite) ผอว [ pŭa ] (impolite)

11. girlfriend, boyfriend - แฟนสาว [ faen săao ], แฟนหนส ย ม

[ faen nùm ], แฟน [ faen ] (concisely)

More verbs
19. work (also as a noun) - ทาท งาน [ tam ngaan ]
 26. see - เหปน [ hĕn ]
23. use - ใชต [ chái ]
16. should - ควร [ kuan ], ควรจะ [ kuan jà ]

28. give - ใหต [ hâi ]

36. take - เอา [ ao ]

32. find - คตนหา [ kón hăa ], หา [ hăa ]

22. get (meaning “obtain”) - ไดตรอบ [ dâai ráp ]
25. eat - กคน [ gin ], ทาน [ taan ] (formal), รอบประทาน [ ráp
bprà-taan ] (formal)
30. buy - ซคตอ [ séu ]
17. try - ลอง [ long ], พยายาม [ pá-yaa-yaam ]

24. start - เรคย ม [ rêrm ]

29. sleep - นอน [ non ], หลอบ [ làp ]

ซ [ róo sèuk ]
18. feel - รยต สก

5. create - สรตาง [ sâang ]

6. cause - ทาท ใหตเกคด [ tam hâi gèrt ]

34. meet (meaning to meet someone for the first time) -

พบ [ póp ]
35. meet (meaning “meet up with”) - พบกอบ [ póp gàp ]
33. ask - ถาม [ tăam ]

27. write - เขมยน [ kĭan ]

31. decide - ตอดสคนใจ [ dtàt sĭn jai ]

Phrases
1. hello - สวอสดม [ sà-wàt-dee ]
2. goodbye - ลากอ ย น [ laa gòn ]
9. thank you - ขอบคสณ [ kòp kun ]

10. you’re welcome - ดตวยความยคนดม [ dûay kwaam yin

dee ]
12. excuse me (to catch someone’s attention) - ขอโทษนะ
คะ [ kŏr tôht ná ká ] (female)/ ขอโทษนะครอบ [ kŏr tôht ná
kráp ] (male)

11. sorry - ขอโทษ [ kŏr tôht ], เสมยใจ [ sĭa jai ]

 8. please - ไดตโปรด [ dâai bpròht ]

5. yes - ใชย [ châi ]

6. no - ไมย [ mâi ], ไมใย ชย [ mâi châi ]
7. okay - ตกลง [ dtòk long ]
3. My name is… - ฉอนชคยอ….. [ chăn chêu ….]

4. “Nice to meet you.” - ยคนดม ทยมไดตรยตจอก [ yin dee têe dâai

róo jàk ]

13. well (as in “Well, I think that…”) - อค ม [ eum ]

14. Really? - จรค งหรค อ? [ jing rĕu ], จรค งเหรอ? [ jing rĕr ],
เหรอ? [ rĕr ]
 (Hungarian-Húngaro)

Verbs

1.be - van

2.there is - ott van

3.have - van (the conjugation is different for this when
you use it in the ‘possession’ sense)
4.do - tesz, csinál
7.go - megy, jár
12.want - akar

14.can - tud

15.need - szüksége van

11.think - gondol

10.know - ismer, tud

8.say - mond
13.like - tetszik
9.speak - beszél
20.learn - tanul
21.understand - ért
 Conjunctions

1.that (as in “I think that…” or “the woman that…”) - az,

azt
2.and - és
3.or - vagy
4.but - de
5.though - habár
6.because - mert
7.therefore - ezért, azért

8. if - ha

Prepositions (These occur after words in Hungarian.)

2.of - -ból, -ből (as in “made of something” - made of

wood - fából készült)
to (place) - -ba, -be, -hoz, -hez, -höz (to the house -
házhoz, to London - Londonba) // to (person) -
-nak, nek (give it to you - odaadom neked)

3.from - -ból, -ből (from the house - házból)

4.in - -ba, -be, -ban, -ben (in the house - házban)

5.at (place) - -nál, -nél (at the house - háznál)

6.at (time) - -kor (at eleven o’clock - 11kor)

7.with - val, -vel (with Silvia - Szilviával)
8.about - -ról, -ről (about Peter - Péterről)
9.like (meaning “similar to”) - hasonló, olyan

10.for - nak -nek (I bought it for Paul. - Paulnak vettem.)

1.before (also as a conjunction) - előtt, azelőtt (before

the house - a ház előtt)
after (also as a conjunction) - után, utána (after a week
- egy hét után)

Question Words
 1.who - ki
2.what - mi
3.where - hol
4.when - mikor
5.why - miért
6.how - hogy, hogyan
7.how much - mennyi

Adverbs
1.a lot - sok
a little - (egy) kevés
2.good / well - jó / jól
bad / badly - rossz / rosszul
4.only - csak
3.also - is, szintén
1.very - nagyon

2.too (as in “too much”) - túlságosan, túl

3.more (know how to say “more … than”) - több (több

mint)

4.most - legtöbb

better (often irregular and not just “more good”) - jobb

(jobban)

5.now - most
 6.here - itt

7.maybe - talán
8.always - mindig

often - gyakran
sometimes - néha
never - soha(sem)
9.today - ma
yesterday - tegnap
tomorrow - holnap

10.almost - majdnem

12.already - már

11.still - mégis

6.even - egyenlő

5.enough - elég

Adjectives

1.the, a - a, az

2.this - ez // that - az

3.all - mindegyik, minden

 some - valami

no - semmi(féle)

5.any - akármi

4.other - más, másik

10.same - ugyanaz
11.different - különböző

6.easy - könnyű
hard - nehéz
7.early - korai
late - késő
8.important - fontos
9.cool (as in “that’s cool”) - király

12.beautiful - szép
 7.right - helyes

wrong - rossz, hibás

Pronouns

1.I - én

2.you - te (Ön, as the formal version)

3.she, he - ő

4.it - ő
5.we - mi

6.you (plural) - ti (Önök, as the formal version)

7.they - ők

Nouns
 4.everything - minden

something - valami
nothing - semmi

1.thing - dolog
2.person - személy
3.place - hely
5.time (as in “a long time”) - idő

6.time (as in “I did it 3 times”) - -szer, -szor, -ször (you put

it after the numbers–> 3 - három, 3 times - háromszor)

7.friend - barát

15.money - pénz
country

city
22.language - nyelv (same as for tongue)
24.word - szó

12.breakfast - reggeli

13.lunch - ebéd

14.dinner - vacsora
20.house - ház

21.office - iroda
26.Internet - internet
23.name - név
 25.company - cég

16.day - nap
17.year - év
19.week - hét

18.hour - óra

8.mother - anya

father - apa
parent - szülő

9.daughter - lány (same as for girl)

son - fiú, fia (same as for boy)
child - gyerek

10.wife - feleség

husband - férj
11.girlfriend - barátnő

boyfriend - barát
More verbs

19.work (also as a noun) - dolgozik (verb), munka (noun)

 26.see - lát
23.use - használ
16.should - kellene, kéne

28.give - ad
36.take - visz

32.find - talál
22.get (meaning “obtain”) - szerez
25.eat - eszik
30.buy - vesz
17.try - pórbál

24.start - indul (as in ‘the engine starts…’), kezd (as in

‘start doing something’)

29.sleep - alszik

18.feel - érez

5.create - alkot

6.cause - okoz

34.meet (meaning to meet someone for the first time) -

megismerkedik
 35.meet (meaning “meet up with”) - találkozik
33.ask - kér

27.write - ír

31.decide - dönt

Phrases
1.hello - hello, szia
2.goodbye - viszontlátásra, viszlát
8.thank you - köszönöm

9.you’re welcome - szívesen

11.excuse me (to catch someone’s attention) - elnézést,

elnézést kérek

10.sorry - bocsánat, bocsi

 7.please - légyszíves, légyszi

4.yes - igen
5.no - nem
6.okay - oké

3.“Nice to meet you.” - Örvendek./Örülök hogy

találkoztunk/ Örülök hogy megismertelek.

12.well (as in “Well, I think that…”) - nos

13.Really? - tényleg? igazán?
http://mylanguages.org/hungarian_pronouns.php
[Icelandic-Islandés]

Verbs

be - vera/vertu/verið þið

there is - það er
have - hafa
do - gera
go - fara
want - vilja

can - get

need - þörf

think - hugsa

know - vita
say - segja
like - líka
speak - tala
learn - læra
understand - skilja
 Conjunctions

that (as in “I think that…” or “the woman that…”) -

að/sem
and - og
or - eða
but - en
though - þó
because - því að
therefore - þess vegna

if - ef

Prepositions

of - af

to - til

from - frá

in - í

at (place) - hjá

at (time) - klukkan
with - með
about - um
like (meaning “similar to”) - eins og

for (warning, this one has several meanings that you

need to take care of) - fyrir/handa

before (also as a conjunction) - fyrir/á undan/áður

after (also as a conjunction) - eftir á

Question Words
 who - hver
what - hvað
where - hvar
when - hvenær
why - af hverju
how - hvernig
how much - hversu mikið

Adverbs
a lot - margt/mikið
a little - smávegis
good / well - gott/vel
bad / badly - vont/slæmt/illilega
only - einungis/bara
also - líka/einnig
very - mjög

too (as in “too much”) - of

more (know how to say “more … than”) - meira

most - mest

better (often irregular and not just “more good”) - betra

now - núna
 here - hér

maybe - kannski/mögulega
always - alltaf/ætíð

often - oft
sometimes - stundum
never - aldrei
today (also as a noun) - í dag
yesterday - í gær
tomorrow - á morgun

almost - næstum því

already - nú þegar

still - enn/ennþá

even (as in “this could even be”) - jafnvel (þetta gæti

jafnvel verið)

enough - nóg

Adjectives

the, a (technically articles) - Icelandic has those articles

integrated in the words, it’s complicated.

this (also as a noun) - þetta // that (also as a noun) -

þetta/það

all - allt
 some - eitthvað/sum

no - ekkert/enginn

any - einhver

other - annar
same - sami
different - öðruvísi

easy - auðvelt
hard - hart
early - snemma
late - seint
important - mikilvægt/áriðandi
cool (as in “that’s cool”) - flott

beautiful - fallegt
 right - rétt

wrong - vitlaust

Pronouns

I - ég

you - þú

she, he - hún, hann

it - það
we - við

you (plural) - þið

they - þau // they are (as in “those people”) - þau eru //

they are (as in “those guys”) - þeir eru // they are (as in
“these girls”) - þær eru

Nouns
 everything - allt

something - eitthvað
nothing - ekkert

thing - hlutur
person - manneskja
place - staður
time (as in “a long time”) - tími (langur tími/langt síðan)

times (as in “I did it 3 times”) - sinnum

friend - vinur

money - peningar/peningur

language - tungumál
word - orð

breakfast - morgunmatur

lunch - hádegismatur

dinner - kvöldmatur
house - hús

office - skrifstofa
Internet - alheimsvefurinn
name - nafn
 company - fyrirtæki

day - dagur
year - ár
week - vika

hour - klukkutímí

mother, father, parent - móðir, faðir, foreldri

daughter, son, child - dóttir, sonur, barn

wife, husband - eiginkona/kona, eiginmaður/maður

girlfriend, boyfriend - kærasta, kærasti

More verbs

work (also as a noun) - vinna

 see - sjá
use - nota
should - ætti

give - gefa
take - taka

find - finna
get (meaning “obtain”) - fá
eat - borða
buy - kaupa
try - reyna

start - byrja

sleep - sofa

feel - finna

create (aka “make”) - skapa

cause (aka “make”) - valda

meet (meaning to meet someone for the first time) -

kynnast
 meet (meaning “meet up with”) - hitta
ask - spyrja

write - skrifa

decide - ákveða

Phrases
hello - hæ/halló
goodbye - bæ/bless
thank you - takk

you’re welcome - verði þér að góðu

excuse me (to catch someone’s attention) - afsakaðu

sorry - fyrirgefðu
please - uh, vikings are not known for being polite, so
“please” is not used, as it is in English.

yes - já
no - nei
okay - allt í lagi

“Nice to meet you.” - gaman að kynnast þér

well (as in “Well, I think that…”) - jæja

Really? - í alvöru?
http://islenskafyriralla.tumblr.com/post/116735124772/
l%C3%A6r%C3%B0u-%C3%ADslensku-%C3%AD-200-or
%C3%B0um-learn-icelandic-in
 Norsk[Noruego-Norwegian]

Verbs [infinitive | present | past]

to be [å være|er|var]

there is, there are [-|det finnes | det fantes]

to have [å ha|har|hadde]
to do[å gjøre|gjør|gjorde]
to walk, go [å gå|går|gikk]
to want sth [å vil|vil|ville] / to want-wish (to do
something) [å ønske å|ønsker å|ønsket å]

to be able, can [å kunne|kan|kunne]

to need [å trenge|trenger|trengte]

to think (opinion)[å synes|synes|syntes] / to think [å

tenke|tenker|tenkte] / to think (guess, presume) [å
anta|antar|antok] / to think, believe[å tro|tror|trodde]

to know (fact) [å vite|vet|visste] / to know (be familiar

with) [å kjenne|kjenner|kjente]
to say [å si|sier|sa]
to like [å like|liker|likte]
to speak [å snakke|snakker|snakket]
to learn[å lære|lærer|lærte]
to understand[å forstå|forstår|forstod]
 Conjunctions

at that (as in 'I think that') / som that (as in 'the woman
that')
og and
eller or
men but
skjønt though, although
fordi because
derfor therefore

hvis if

Prepositions

av of/by

til to/until

fra from

i in

på at (place/time)

med with
om about
like/ som like (similar to)

for for

tidligere before

etter after

question words
 hvem who
hva what
hvor where
når when
hvorfor why
hvordan how
hvor mye how much

adverbs
mye much, a lot
litt a little / littegrann a little bit
god good/ well (as in 'I do something well' / bra good/
well (as in 'I'm well') / fin good/ nice
dårlig bad/ badly
bare only
også too, also
veldig very

altfor too (as in "too much", not as in "as well")

mer (enn) more (than)

mest most

bedre better

nå now
 her here

kanskje maybe
alltid always

ofte often
noen ganger sometimes
aldri never
i dag today
i går yesterday
i morgen tomorrow

nesten almost

allerede already

likevel still, nevertheless / fremdeles still (now, as

previously) / ennå, enda still, even, yet
selv even (implying extreme example) / til og med even,
also, up to and including

nok enough

Adjectives

en- a (masculine) / ei- a (feminine)/ et- a (neuter) / -en

the (masculine) / -a the (feminine) / -et the (neuter)

dette/ denne this (as a noun) / dette/ denne + 'the'

ending on noun this + noun / det/ den that (as a noun) /
det/ den + 'the' ending on noun that + noun

alle all
 noe some

ingen nobody, no one / Ikke noe problem No problem /

uansett no worries
noe any (something) / enhver any (every) / hvilken som
helst any (whichever, whatever)

andre other
samme same
forskjellig different

enkel easy / lett easy, readily, simple, light / forståelig

easy (to understand)
hard hard / vanskelig difficult
tidlig early
sent late
viktig important
kul cool

vakker beautiful
 riktig correct/ right! (also adverb) / du har rett you are
right
galt wrong (adverb) / det er feil that's wrong / du tar feil
you are wrong

pronouns

jeg I (subject) / meg me (direct object) / til meg to me

(indirect object) / min my (masc, sing)/ mi my (fem, sing)
/ mitt my (neuter) / mine my (plural)

du you (sing, subject) / deg you (sing, direct object) / til

deg to you (sing, indirect obj)/ din your (sing, masc)/ di
your (sing, fem) / ditt your (sing, neuter)/ dine your [you
singular] (plural)

han he (subj)/ ham him / til ham to him/ hans his (when
the subject is not the owner)/sin his/ hers/its/theirs
[when subject is the owner] (masc)/ si his/
hers/its/theirs [when subj is owner] (fem)/sine his/
hers/its/theirs [when subj is owner] (plural)/sitt
his/hers/its/theirs [when subj is owner] (neuter)

hun she/henne her/til henne to her

den/ det it
vi we/oss us/vår our (masc, fem, s)/vårt our (neuter, s) /
våre our (plural)

dere you (pl)/deres your (pl)/their

de they/dem them/dem them, they

nouns
 alt everything

noe something
ingenting nothing

en ting a thing
en person/ et menneske a person
et sted a place
tid time (as in 'a long time')

gang time (as in 'I did it three times')

en venn a friend

penger money
et land a country/landsbygd countryside

en by a city
et språk a language
en ord a word

en frokost a breakfast

en lunsj/ middag a lunch

em mellommåltid a dinner / aftensmat supper soup

et hus a house

et kontor an office
et internett internet
 et selskap a company

en dag a day
ett år a year
en uke a week

en time an hour

ei mor a mother / mamma mum

en far a father/ pappa dad

en forelder a parent

ei datter a daughter
en sønn a son
et barn a child

ei kone a wife

en ektemann a husband
en kjæreste a girl/boyfriend

More verbs
to work[å jobbe|jobber|jobbet] / to work, to function[å
virke|virker|virket]
 to see[å se|ser|så]
to use[å bruke|bruker|brukte]
should [å burde|bør|burde]

to give[å gi|gir|ga]
to take[å ta|tar|tok]

to find[å finne|finner|fant]
to get, receive[å få|får|fikk]
to eat[å spise|spiser|spiste]
to buy[å kjøpe|kjøper|kjøpte]
to try[å prøve|prøver|prøvde]/ to try(attempt) [å
forsøke|forsøker|forsøkte]
to start[å starte|starter|startet] / to begin[å begynne|
begynner|begynte]

to sleep[å sove|sover|sovet]

to feel (emotion) [å føle|føler|følte] / to feel (emotion/

touch) [å kjenne|kjenner|kjente]

to make, create[å lage|lager|laget]

to cause [å forårsake|forårsaker|forårsaket]

to meet[å møte|møter|møtte]
 to ask[å spørre|spør|spurte]

to write[å skrive|skriver|skrev]

to decide[å bestemme|bestemmer|bestemte]

Phrases
Hallo Hello / Hei Hi
Ha det bra! Goodbye! / Ha det! Bye!
takk thanks

værsågod you're welcome

unnskyld (meg) sorry, excuse me

beklager sorry (my mistake) // jeg er lei meg I'm (really)

sorry
 vær så snill please

ja/jo yes
nei no
ok okay / greit all right, ok
Jeg heter I am called / Mitt navn er My name is

Hyggelig å møte (/hilse på) deg Nice to meet you

vel well
De sant? Really?
http://www.memrise.com/course/669544/basic-200ish-
norwegian-vocab/11/
[Kirguís-Kyrgyz]
(Portuguese-Portugués)
(Arabic-Árabe)
(Indonesian-Indonesio)
(Uzbeco-Uzbek)
(Vietnamese-Vietnamita)
(Swahili-Suajili)
 English Español (Spanish)

Notes about language (like

grammar, alphabet, pronunciation
rules, etc)

First Verbs Primeros verbos

be ser
be estar
there be haber

have (something) tener (algo)

do hacer
go ir
want querer
can poder
need necesitar
think pensar
know saber
say decir
like gustar
speak hablar
learn aprender
understand entender

Conjunctions Conjunciones
that (as in “I think that…” or “the woman que
that…”)

and y
or o
but pero
because porque
though aunque

so (meaning “therefore”; e.g. “I wanted it,

por eso
so I bought it”)

before antes de
after después de

if si …

Prepositions Preposiciones

of de
to a/hasta
from de/desde
on en/sobre
in en
at (a place) en
at (a time) en
with Con
about sobre/acerca de

like (meaning “similar to”) como

 for (warning, this one has several
por
meanings that you need to take care of)

before (also as a conjunction) antes

after (also as a conjunction) después

during durante

Question Words Palabras para preguntar

who quién
what qué
where dónde
when cuándo
why por qué
how cómo

how much/how many cuánto

which cuál
Adverbs Adverbios
A lot mucho
A little poco
well bien
badly mal
only sólo/solamente
also también
very muy
too (as in “too tall”) muy
 too much mucho
so (as in “so tall”) mucho
so much mucho

more (know how to say “more … than …”) más (más ... que ….)

less (know how to say “less … than …”) menos (menos … que …)

as … as … (e.g. “as tall as”) tan … como / tanto como

most el/la más

least el/la menos
better mejor
best el mejor
worse peor
worst el peor
now ahora
then entonces
here aquí
there allí
maybe tal vez
always siempre
usually usualmente

often frecuentemente

sometimes algunas veces

never nunca
today hoy
yesterday ayer
tomorrow mañana
soon pronto
almost casí
already ya
still todavía
 even incluso/hasta

enough lo suficiente
up arriba
down abajo
next to al lado
in front of al frente
behind detrás
(to the) left (a la) izquierda

(to the) right (a la) derecha

inside dentro
outside afuera

approximately aproximadamente

Adjectives Adjetivos

the, a (technically articles) el/la/los/las/un/una/unos/unas

this esto
that eso
good bueno
bad malo
all todo
some algo
no no
any cualquiera
many muchos
few pocos
most la mayoria
other otro
same igual
different diferente
enough suficiente
one uno
two dos
a few un poco
first primero
next siguiente
last (meaning “past”, e.g. “last Friday”) pasado

last (meaning “final”) último

easy fácil
hard difícil
early temprano
late tarde
important importante
interesting interesante
fun divertido
boring aburrido
beautiful hermoso/bonito
big grande
small pequeño
happy feliz
sad triste
busy ocupado
excited emocionado
tired cansado
ready listo
favorite favorito
new nuevo

right (meaning “correct”) correcto

wrong equivocado
true 1
fast rápido

slow lento/despacio

Pronouns Pronombres
 Know them in the subject (“I”), direct Sujetos, objetos directos, objetos indirectos y
object (“me”), indirect object (“to me”),
posesivos
and possessive (“my”) forms.

I yo
you tú/usted/vos
she ella
he él
it eso
we nosotros
you (plural) ustedes/vosotros

they ellos/ellas
Nouns Sustantivo
If your language has grammatical gender,
then learn each noun as “the [noun]” Si tu idioma tiene género gramátical, deberías
with “the” in the correct gender. (e.g. in aprender cada sustantivo como "el/la [sustantivo]"
Spanish, instead of learning language = con el artículo para cada género. Esto te ayudará a
“idioma”, learn language = “el idioma”.) recordar el género.
This will help you remember the gender.

everything todo
something algo
nothing nada
everyone todos
someone alguien
no one nadie

(name of the language you’re studying) (el nombre del idioma que estás estudiando)

English (Your native language) Español (El nombre de tu idioma materno)

 thing la cosa
person la persona
place el lugar

time (as in “a long time”) el tiempo

time (as in “I did it 3 times”) vez

friend el amigo
woman la mujer
man el hombre
money el dinero/ la plata
country el país

(name of your home country) (el nombre de tu país)

city la ciudad
language el idioma/ el lenguaje
word la palabra
food la comida
beverage la bebida
breakfast desayuno
lunch almuerzo
dinner cena/comida
house la casa
store la tienda
office la oficina
internet la internet
name el nombre
school la escuela

university la universidad

company la compañía
manager el gerente

coworker el compañero de trabajo

 classmate el compañero de clase

job el trabajo/el empleo

work (as in “I have a lot of work to do”) el trabajo

homework la tarea
problem el problema

answer la respuesta

question la pregunta
idea la idea
life la vida
world el mundo
day el día
year el año
week la semana
month el mes
hour la hora
mother la madre
father el padre
parent/s los padres
daughter la hija
son el hijo

child/children el hijo/ los hijos / los niños

sister la hermana
brother el hermano
siblings los hermanos
wife la esposa
husband el esposo
boyfriend el novio
girlfriend la novia
 More Verbs Más verbos

work (as in a person working) trabajar

work (meaning “to function”, e.g. “the TV funcionar

works”)

see ver
use usar/utilizar
should deber
believe creer
practice practicar
seem parecer
come venir
leave salir
return volver/regresar
give dar
take tomar/ recibir
bring/carry traer/llevar
look for buscar
find encontrar

get (meaning “obtain”) obtener

receive recibir
buy comprar
try intentar/probar
start empezar

stop (doing something) detener

finish terminar
continue continuar
sleep dormir
 wake up despertarse
get up levantarse
eat comer

eat breakfast (in several languages, this is desayunar

a verb)

eat lunch almorzar

eat dinner cenar/ comer

happen suceder/pasar

feel sentir/sentirse

create (aka “make”) crear

cause (aka “make”) causar/provocar/ocasionar

verse/conocerse (verse con alguien por primera

meet (meeting someone for the first time) vez)

meet (meaning “to bump into”) encontrarse (con alguien)

meet (an arranged meeting) quedar (con alguien)

ask (a question) preguntar

ask for (aka “request”) pedir

 wonder preguntarse

reply responder/contestar

mean significar/ querer decir

read leer
write escribir
listen escuchar
hear oir
remember recordar
forget olvidar
choose escoger
decide decidir
be born nacer
die morir
kill matar/asesinar
live vivir

stay quedarse/permanecer(en algun lugar)/ estar

change cambiar
help ayudar
send enviar
study estudiar
improve mejorar
hope esperar que
play jugar
talk hablar
care cuidar
to be called Llamarse

become volverse/llegar a ser

have to tener que

Phrases Frases
hello Hola
 goodbye Adiós/ Chao
thank you Gracias

you’re welcome De nada/ Por nada/ Con mucho gusto

excuse me (to get someone’s attention) Disculpe

sorry Lo siento

it’s fine (response to an apology) Está bien

please Por favor

yes Si
no No
okay Bueno

My name is Mi nombre es … / Yo me llamo …

What’s your name? ¿Cuál es tu nombre? / ¿Cómo te llamas?

I'm … years old. Tengo … años.

How old are you? ¿Cuántos años tienes?

Nice to meet you. Encantado de conocerte. Mucho gusto.

How are you? ¿Cómo estás?

 I’m doing well, how about you? Estoy bien ¿Y tú?

Sorry? / What? (if you didn’t hear ¿Disculpe?/¿Qué?

something)

How do you say ______? ¿Cómo se dice …?

What does ______ mean? ¿Qué significa …?

I don’t understand. No entiendo

Could you repeat that? ¿Podrías repetir eso?

Could you speak more slowly, please? Podrías hablar más lento, por favor

Well (as in “well, I think…”) Bueno/ Bien/ Pues …

Really? ¿En serio?

I guess that Yo supongo que

It’s hot. (talking about the weather) ¡Qué calor! / Hace calor.

It’s cold. (talking about the weather) ¡Qué frío! / Hace frío.

Others Otras
Present Presente
 past Pasado
future Futuro