Mechanical Vibrations MCT 4328/4311

INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA

END OF SEMESTER EXAMINATION
SEMESTER II, 2012/2013 SESSION
KULLIYYAH OF ENGINEERING

Programme : MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING Level of Study : UG 4

Time : 2.30 pm – 5.30 pm Date : 25 May 2013
Duration : 3 Hrs
Course Code : MCT 4328 / 4311 Section(s) : 1
Course Title : Vibration Analysis and Control

This Question Paper Consists of 5 (Five) Printed Pages (Including Cover Page) With 5
(Five) Questions.

INSTRUCTION(S) TO CANDIDATES

 Answer ALL questions

SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS
 Vibration Data Book (supplied)
 KoE approved calculator allowed (non-programmable and non-graphical)

Do NOT open until you are asked to do so by the invigilator

*****
Any form of cheating or attempt to cheat is a serious offence which
may lead to dismissal

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 Mechanical Vibrations MCT 4328/4311

Q1. [20 marks]

a) A study of the response of a human body subjected to vibration/shock is important in

many applications. In a standing posture, the masses of head, upper torso, hips, and ( 8 marks )
legs and the elasticity / damping of neck, spinal column, abdomen, and legs influence
the response characteristics. Develop a sequence of three improved approximations
for modelling the human body.

b) It is required to design an electromechanical system to achieve a natural frequency of

1,000 Hz and a Q factor of 1200. Determine the damping factor and the bandwidth of ( 6 marks )
the system.

c) The Bode plot of shaft vibration of a turbine obtained during coast-down is shown in
Fig. 1. Determine the damping ratio of the system when the static deflection of the ( 6 marks )
shaft is equal to 1.27 μm.

Fig. 1

Q2. [25 marks]

For a simplified analysis of the vibration of an airplane in the vertical direction, a three-
degree-of-freedom model, shown in Fig. 2 can be used. The three masses indicate the
masses of the two wings (m1 = m3 = m) and the fuselage (m2 = 5m). The stiffness k1 = k2
= k correspond to the bending stiffness of the two wings, which can be modelled as
cantilever beam so that k1 = k2 = k = 3EI / l 3.

i. Derive the equations of motion (in matrix form) of the airplane using the three- (6 marks)
degree-of-freedom model.

ii. Using the equations of motion derived in part (i), find

a. the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the airplane. (15 marks)
b. Give an interpretation of the results (e.g. direction of motion). (4 marks)

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 Mechanical Vibrations MCT 4328/4311

Fig. 2

Q3. [15 marks]

A uniform simply supported beam of length 250 cm with a hollow rectangular section is
shown in Fig. 3. Assuming a deflection shape of

( )

find the natural frequency of transverse vibration of the beam using energy method. The
material of the beam has a Young’s modulus of E = 205 GPa and a unit mass of γ = 7.83
g / cm3.

Fig. 3

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 Mechanical Vibrations MCT 4328/4311

Q4. [15 marks]

The armature of a variable-speed electric motor, of mass 200 kg, is imbalance due to
manufacturing errors. The motor is mounted on an isolator having a stiffness of 10 kN/m
and a dashpot having a damping ratio of 0.15.

i. Find the speed range over which the amplitude of the fluctuating force transmitted (7 marks)
to the foundation will be larger than the exciting force.

ii. Find the speed range over which the transmitted force amplitude will be less than (8 marks)
10 percent of the exciting force amplitude.

Q5. [25 marks]

a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of active vibration control? (4 marks)

b) Briefly explain two types of smart materials used in vibration control. (4 marks)

c) A single-degree-of-freedom of a mass, m = 150 kg, damping constant c = 4000 N-

s/m, and stiffness k = 6 x 106 N/m is subjected to a rotating unbalance force given by
f(t) = 100 sin (60π t). the following observations can be made from the given data :

1) The natural frequency of the system, √ √ , is

close to the frequency of the disturbance, .
2) The damping ratio of the system is small with a value of
√
.

It is desired to change the natural frequency of the system to 100 rad/s and the damping
ratio to 0.5. Because the values of k and c of the system cannot be altered, it is proposed
to use an active control system.

i. Design the control gains required to achieve the desired valued of ωn and ζ. (7 marks)
ii. Find the magnitude of the response and the actuator force of the system in the
steady state. (10 marks)

END OF PAPER

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 Mechanical Vibrations MCT 4328/4311

Formula:
1)

2)
∫ ( )

∫ [ ]

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