Intertek Consulting & Training, IWCF Student Exercise Book 58. _ While tripping out of the hole from 12,000 feet TVD the hole does not take the proper amount of fill. With the bit at 9000 feet TVD the well flows and is shut in with 215 psi SICP. A float is in the drill string, Drill collar length is 1200 feet and the average length of each stand is 93 feet. Assume the gas is on bottom and does not migrate. Drill pipe capacity 01776 bbi/ft Drill pipe displacement 0076 bbi/ft Open hole capacity 0702 bbi/ft DC/Open hole capacity 0291 bbI/ft DP/Open hole capacity 046 bbI/ft Pit gain 30 bbl Gas gradient -12 psi/ft mw 12.0 ppg 58a. How much volume is required to fill the drill pipe after stripping one stand into the hole? 1.65 _bbl Capacity bb! = Stand Length ft x Drill pipe capacity bbi/ft 93 ft x.01776 = 1.65 bbl 58b, Calculate the height of the influx 427.3 feet Pit Gain bbls + Open Hole capacity .0702 = 427.3 ft Height of influx in open hole 3 58c. Calculate the volume displaced per stand of drill pipe stripped into the hole 2.35 bbl Displacement per stand bbls = Stand Length ft x (Drill pipe capacity bbi/ft + Drill pipe displacement bbl/ft) 93 x (,01776 + .0076) = 2.35 bbls 58d. After stripping to bottom, what is the height of the influx across the BHA 1031 _feet Height of Influx around Drill Collars = Pit Gain bbls + Drill Collar capacity bbi/ft 58e. Calculate the SICP once the bit is back on bottom 519 __psi SICP = Height of Influx x (Mud Grad ~ Gas Grad) 1031 x (0.624 0.12) = 519 psi Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 50Intertek Consulting & Training 59. WELL DATA FOR QUESTION IWCE Student Exercise Book Well Depth 12,000 feet DC length 1100 feet 95/8” Csg Shoe 8000 feet DC capacity .00768 bbi/ft 8%" OH capacity 0702 bbi/ft DC displacement 033 bbl/ft mw 12 ppg (.624 psi/ft) DP capacity 01776 bbI/ft DP displacement .0076 bbi/ft DC/OH capacity 0291 bbi/ft DP/OH capacity 0459 bbI/ft DP/Csg capacity 0515 bbi/ft After pulling 33 stands the driller checks the hole fill. The well has not taken the correct amount of mud. A flow check is made and the well is flowing, Bit depth 9000 feet sice 200 psi Influx volume 30 bbl Influx gradient (Gi) 156 psifft 59a. 59b. 59c. Assume that the influx occurred from the bottom of the hole and that no gas migration occurs. Calculate the volume to bleed off per 98 feet of drill pipe stripped back into the hole. 2.48 _ bbl Drill Pipe Displacement bbls = Length ft x (Drill pipe capacity bbi/ft + Drill pipe displacement bbi/ft) Volume to Bleed = 98 x (0.01776 + 0.0076) = 2.48 bbl What will be the effect on bottom hole pressure of bleeding off too much mud? Increase Decrease___ Stay the same How would casing pressure most likely react as the drill string is stripped into the influx? Increase____ Decrease Stay the same Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 51Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book 60. Problems that occur during a killing operation may affect the parameters you are monitoring at the, surface (drill pipe pressure and casing pressure). For each of the following problems state the immediate effect on each of the parameters listed. For an increase use this symbol For a decrease use this symbol For no change use this symbol = Bottom Hole Pressure J Drill Pipe Pressure Casing Pressure J Problem A. Choke washout J B. Hole in string C. Nozzle blowout D. Choke plugging E. Nozzle plugging = ul tl en Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 52Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book 61. 62. 63. 65. During the well kill operation, slowly but regularly you have to reduce the choke size because the drill pipe and casing pressures keep dropping with constant pump strokes. What is the likely cause of this? A. Abit nozzle is washing out B. The choke is washing out (Correct Answer) C. You have a washed out pump swab Which of the following parameters can be affected by a string washout during a well ki (TWO ANSWERS). ‘A. Bottom hole pressure (Correct Answer) B. Kick tolerance Formation fracture pressure D. Slow circulating pressure (Correct Answer) The choke has to be closed gradually due to a string washout. What effect does the gradual closing of the choke have on bottom hole pressure? A. Decrease B. _ Increase (Correct Answer) C. Stay the same How is a choke washout recognized? ‘A. Rapid rise in casing pressure with no change in the drill pipe pressure B. __ Increase in drill pipe pressure with no change in casing pressure C. Continually having to open the choke to maintain drill pipe and casing pressures D. Continually having to close the choke to maintain drill pipe pressure (Correct Answer) A kick is being circulated from the well using the Driller's Method. Pumping pressure has been established as 1000 psi @ 30 SPM. During the operation pressure suddenly increases to 1350 psi. You are reasonably certain that a nozzle has plugged. What should you do? A. Reduce the pump pressure to 1000 psi by adjusting the choke B. Shut the well in and re-establish the pumping pressure (Correct Answer) C. Hold casing pressure constant at the value recorded just before the nozzle plugged D. — A& Bare acceptable courses of action an nn RE Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 53Intertek Consulting & Training IWCE Student Exercise Book 66. 67. 68. 69. ‘Awell is being killed using the Driller’s Method. During the first circulation the drill pipe pressure is kept constant at 670 psi and the pump speed @ 30 SPM. Halfway through the first circulation the ‘operator on the choke observes a sudden increase in drill pipe pressure. There is no significant change in choke pressure and the pump speed is still 30 SPM. What could have happened? (THREE ANSWERS) A. The bit nozzles have partially plugged (Correct Answer) B. The choke has partially plugged C. The kick is about to enter the choke D. — Apartial blockage in the kelly hose (Correct Answer) E. Pressure has built up in the mud/gas separator F.— Apartial blockage in the drill string has occurred (Correct Answer) During a well killing operation using the Driller's Method, the choke pressure suddenly increases by 150 psi. Shortly thereafter the operator observes the same pressure increase on the drill pipe pressure gauge. What is the most likely cause of this pressure increase? A. Asecond influx has entered the well B. Arestriction in the kelly hose C. Aplugged nozzle in the bit D. The choke is partially plugged (Correct Answer) & Awashout in the drill string What would be the correct action to take for the problem in question #67 A. Reduce the pump rate to reduce the pressure by 150 psi B. Open the choke a little until the drill pipe pressure returns to the calculated value (Correct Answer) C. _Noaction required as this pressure increase has no effect on bottom hole pressure D. Stop the kill operation, remove the restriction in the kelly hose or change over to a spare kelly hose While displacing the drill pipe with Kill Weight Mud a sudden loss in drill pipe pressure occurs, no change in the choke pressure is seen. The driller continued to pump at the same rate while the supervisor adjusted the choke to follow the drill pipe pressure graph as originally planned. What happens to BHP as a result of this? BHP increases then decreases BHP remains unchanged BHP decreases BHP decrease then increases BHP increases with the choke adjustment (Correct Answer) moON@> Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 54Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book 70. Which of the following would be applicable, ifthe pressures did not respond to opening the choke and the pumps were shut down and the well secured? A. Bit nozzle plugged B. Bit nozzle washout C. Drill string washout D. Pump failure E. Plugged choke (Correct Answer) F. Choke washed out 71. During a kill operation the choke operator notices the drill pipe pressure rises sharply though the casing pressure remains steady. He reacts by opening up the choke to maintain correct pumping pressure. This situation continues with increasing regularity. The choke operator notices that during this operation the choke has been adjusted from % to % open. What is the most likely cause of this? A Choke plugging B. Choke washing out C. Pipe washed out D. Bit nozzle plugging (Correct Answer) 72. Inthe above question, what effect has the gradual opening of the choke have on bottom hole pressure? A. BHP has decreased (Correct Answer) 8. BHP has increased C. BHP has remain unchanged 73. Lost circulation during a well control operation is usually detected by: Monitoring the return flow with a flowshow Monitoring the mud volume in the pits (Correct Answer) Monitoring the pump speed Monitoring the weight indicator oopP cr meat Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 55Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book 74, 75. 16. 77. 78. While circulating out a kick the choke operator has been continually closing the choke in order to maintain the correct circulating drill pipe pressure. The mud logger has reported that both drill pipe and casing pressures have been increasing. NOTE: The choke operator's gauges operate from different sensor than the mud logger. A check of the ‘gauges on the standpipe and choke manifold confirm the mud logger’s report. What is the most likely explanation? The choke is washing out The choke operator’s gauges are malfunctioning (Correct Answer) The choke is plugging ‘The mud logger’s gauges are malfunctioning poR> Akkick has been taken and it is known that a potential lost circulation zone exists in the open hole. Select TWO CORRECT ACTIONS which can be taken to minimize pressure in the annulus during the kill operation. ‘A. Maintain extra back pressure on the choke for safety B. Use the Wait and Weight Method (Correct Answer) C. —Choose a lower circulating rate (Correct Answer) D. Choose a higher circulating rate Does a kick always occur in the event of total loss of circulation? ‘A. Yes, losses always occur above any potential kick zone B. No, it depends on the drill string weight reduction noted on the weight indicator C. No, it depends on the mud level in the annulus and the formation pressure (Correct Answer) If total losses occur while drilling with water based mud what would you do? A. Continue drilling blind B. Stop drilling and fill the annulus with water (Correct Answer) C. Stop drilling, shut in the well and see what happens ‘While circulating out a kick the mud pump fails. What is the first thing to do? Shut the well in (Correct Answer) Fix the pump as soon as possible Change over to Pump #2 Divert the well pore er era at Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 56Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book 79. 80. 81. 82 If the drill string washed out during a kill operation, providing no action was taken, which of the following would remain constant? (TWO ANSWERS) ‘A. Bottom hole pressure (Correct Answer) B. Casing pressure (Correct Answer) C. Slow circulating pressure D. Drill pipe pressure Which THREE of the following are proper practices for drilling an anticipated H,S environment? A Use $-135 drill pipe B. Use X-95 drill pipe (Correct Answer) Use HzS scavenger (Correct Answer) D. Use high ph mud to neutralize the hydrogen sulfide (Correct Answer) E. Use a low pH mud to neutralize the hydrogen sulfide F. Always reverse out prior to round trips How would you determine the Initial Circulating Pressure if no slow pump rate pressure were available? Assume the rig is on land, a kick has been taken and the well is shut in. ‘A. Add 300 psi to the casing pressure and bring the pump up to the kill speed while using the choke to keep casing pressure at (SICP + 300 psi) B. Bring the pump up to the kill rate while keeping casing pressure constant by choke ‘manipulation (Correct Answer) C. Circulate at the kill rate holding 200 psi back pressure on the drill pipe side with the choke During a kill operation a pump swab starts leaking, The choke operator knows nothing about the leak and is maintaining the standpipe pressure in accordance with the pressure schedule on the kill sheet. What will be the affect on BHP? A. BHP stays constant B. BHP decreases C. BHP increases (Correct Answer) ion Answer Key Page 57Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book KILL SHEET EXERCISES Complete a SURFACE IWCF KILL SHEET using the data given below and answer the questions on the page following the data. Well Data Hole 1D 12%" MD 10,975 feet Tv 10,550 feet Csg Set @ 6250 feet; 12.515" ID Internal Capacities oP 0174 bbi/ft HW .0088 bbi/ft (465 feet in length) oc .0087 bbI/ft (900 feet in length) Volume from mud pumps to rig floor: 7.2 bbl ‘Annular Capacities DCin Open Hole DP & HW in open hole DP & HW in cased hole Mud Pumps Output: Slow Circulating Pump Data 0836 bbi/ft 1215 bbl/ft 1279 bbl/ft 11 bbi/stk Pump #1 30SPM @ 620psi_ 40 SPM @ 1100 psi Pump #2 30 SPM @ 610 psi 40SPM @ 1080 psi Active Surface Volume 525 bbl Formation Strength Test Data Fracture Gradient @ Casing Shoe (6250 feet) 75 psi/ft Kick Data SIDPP 525 psi sice 750 psi Pit Gain 18 bbl MW at the time of the kick 11.5 ppg, NOTE: The well will be killed with pump #2 at 40 SPM using the Wait and Weight Method Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 58Intertek Consulting & Training, IWCF Student Exercise Book 1. Calculate the MAASP using the mud weight of 11.5 ppg 942-950 psi Equation #11 - MAMW = (.75 x 6250) + 0.052 + 6250 = 14.42 ppg Equation #12 - MAASP = (14.42 — 11.5) x 0.052 x 6250 = 949 psi 2. What mud weight is required to balance formation pressure (round off to 1 decimal)? 125 ppg Equation #13 - Kill Mud Density = (SIDPP = 0.052 + TVD ft) + OMW (525 + 0.052 + 10550) + 11.5 = 12.45 = 12.5 ppg 3. Calculate the Initial Circulating Pressure (ICP). 1605 psi Equation #14 — ICP = Kill Rate Circulating psi +SIDPP psi 41080 + 525 = 1605 psi 4. Calculate the Final Circulating Pressure (FCP). 1174 __psi Equation #15 — FC arene 125 FE ¥ 1080 = 1174 psi x Kill Rate Circulating psi 5. Calculate the pump strokes from surface to bit. 1613 - 1645_ strokes Surface to Bit strokes = Drillstring Volume + Pump Output Drill Collar Vol = .0087 x 900 =7.8 bbls 179.1 + .11 = 1628 strokes HWOP Vol = .0088 x 465 = 4.1 Drill Pipe Vol = .0174 x 9610 = 167.2 6. Calculate the pump strokes from the mud pump to the bit. 1675 - 1707_ strokes (Drillstring Volume + Surface Lines Volume) + Pump Output (179.1 + 7.2) +.11 = 1694 strokes 7. Calculate the time in minutes from surface to the bit. 40-41 minutes Circulating Time = Strokes from surface to bit + SPM. 1628 + 40 = 40.7 min 8. Calculate in minutes to pump from the mud pump to the bit. 42-43 minutes Circulating Time = Strokes from mud pump to bit + SPM 1694 + 40 = 42.3 min 9. Calculate the strokes required to pump from the bit to the shoe. 4860-4958 _ strokes Bit to Shoe strokes = Open Hole Annular Volume + 540.2 +11 1911 strokes 10. How many minutes are required to circulate the total well system volume at 40 SPM? 345-346 minutes Girculating Time = Surface to Surface strokes + 40 SPM. 13806 + 40 = 345.1 min 11. Calculate the MAASP with KWM in the system. 617-624 _ psi Equation #12 -New MAASP = (MAMW — KMW) x 0.052 x Casing Shoe TVD (14.42 ~ 12.5) x 0.052 x 6250 = 624 psi 12. What is the pressure loss per 100 strokes as the KWM is pumped from surface to the bit? 26-27 _psi/100stks Pressure Loss = ICP FCP = 431 psi Pressure Loss + (Surf to Bit strokes + 100) 431 + 16.28 = 26.5 psi/ 100 stks Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 59Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book International Well Control Forum ‘Surface BOP Vertical Well Kill Sheet (API Field Units) ‘FORMATION STRENOTH DATA: SURFACE LEAK CFF PRESSURE Forvanonatrenam rest [1399 Jo Myowecet «TEST @ 1s |e MAKWRA ALLOWABLE MUO WEOHT = @- = Te GHOE TV OEPTHNO DED Mma Maas = ko) CURRENT WUD WE GET) x SHOE TV. OEPTH x0.082 are 465_* 300. THO bass 00 0088 = 08 OP xCASBO. Se ETT fe el eel oa el romwessrowoue ——J[eweg 918 ]_s180 ee] 2706 Aci surACE OUALE 25 wal 5250 ora Acme a0 Te fo ed soe] rare © rok Costing & Ting Unpublished Werk igs reer Page eo Revision~ 1Nov2012 Version 4International Well Control Forum ‘Surface BOP Kill Sheet - Vertical Well (API Fleld Units) } sere (850) pa sxe C50) i roan [22 Dear cumenrviowecm - Bee 125. + $50 12575 _ ome 13.59 YURICPRESSURE LOSS 620, + 650+ —_—— 1 ONAUE PRESSURE Loss }o 00 1000 1500 9gng,2170, | L nosy 04s ann) 2401209 © Intertek Consuling & Training Unpublished work, All rights reserved Page 61 Revision - 1Nov2012 Version 4Intertek Consulting & Training IWCE Student Exercise Book Using the Kill sheet on the previous pages answer the following questions. The well be killed using the Wait and Weight Method with a pump rate of 30 spm. ds What mud weight is required to balance the formation pressure? 13.5 __ ppg (round off to 1 decimal) Equation #13 - Kill Mud Density = (SIDPP .052 + TVD ft) ++ OMW (650 + 0.052 + 12575) + 12.5 = 13.49 = 13.5 ppg 2 How many strokes will be required to pump from surface to bit? 2170 __ stks Surface to Bit Strokes = Drillstring Volume + 216.97 + 10 = 2170 strokes 3. How many strokes are required to pump from the bit to the casing shoe? 2465 stks ump Output Bit to Shoe Strokes = Open Hole Annular Volume + Pump Output 246.51 + .10 = 2465 strokes 4. What is the MAASP at the time the well is shut in? 931__ psi Equation #12 - MAASP = (MAMW ppg ~ Current MW ppg) + 0.052 x Csq Shoe TVD (14.97 ~ 12.5) x 0.052 x 7250 = 931 psi 5. What is the total annular volume? 601___ bbl Annular Volume bbls = Open Hole Annular Vol + Cased Hole Vol 246.5 + 354.5 = 601 bbls 6. What is the MAASP once kill mud has been circulated around the well? 554 psi Equation #12 - New MAASP = (MAMW — KMW) x 0.052 x Csg Shoe TVD (14,97 - 13.5) x 0.052 x 7250 = 554 psi 7. What is the calculated Final Circulating Pressure? 670__ psi Equation #15 - FCP = ene x Kill Rate Circulating psi +55 x 620 = 670 psi a What is the calculated Initial Circulating Pressure? 1270 __psi Equation #14 — ICP = Kill Rate Circulating psi +SIDPP psi 620 + 650 = 1270 psi 9. Approximately how much time will it take to completely displace the well with KWM? 272__ minutes Circulating Time = Surface to Surface strokes + 30 SPM 8180+ 30 = 272.6 min Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 62Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book GAUGE EXERCISES Using the completed kill sheet, circle the first action that you would take based on the situations presented. Take note of all parameters before making your decision Pump strokes Pump rate Drill pipe pressure Casing pressure Drill Pipe Pressure Casing Pressure 10, 20, 30. 40 lapsed tit PT Tol cont 0 ss Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 63Intertek Consulting & Training IWCE Student Exercise Book 4. After 2 minutes this is the situation. What should you do? ‘A. Keep opening the choke slowly B. Keep closing the choke slowly C. Increase the pump rate (Correct Answer) D. Decrease the pump rate E. Continue, everything is OK 850 Drill Pipe Pressure Casing Pressure Elapsed time 00 Hrs 02 Mins Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 64Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book 2. Everything is OK....or is it? Should you A B. e D. E, Continue, everything is OK Open the choke a little Close the choke a little (Correct Answer) Adjust the pump rate Stop pumping and close the choke Drill Pipe Pressure Casing Pressure 10, 20, 30. 40 |_| [3{[offo| 00 Hrs 10 Mins Elapsed time Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 65Intertek Consulting & Training. IWCF Student Exercise Book 3. After about 17 minutes this is what you observe. What action should you take? A. B, Cc. D. E Open the choke a little Close the choke a little Inctease the pump rate Decrease the pump rate Continue, everything is OK (Correct Answer) Drill Pipe Pressure Casing Pressure 10, 20, 30, 40 Elapsed ti LT sof ol) cote urs Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 66Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book 4. After 850 strokes this is the situation. What should you do? Increase the pump speed Decrease the pump speed Close the choke slowly (Correct Answer) Open the choke slowly moopp Continue, everything is OK Drill Pipe Pressure Casing Pressure 10,20, 30. 40 | | lIs|[5]o} 00 Hrs 28 Mins Elapsed time Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 67Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book 5. Everything seems to be going smoothly until you notice a sudden rise in both pressures. What has caused this problem? A. moog The choke is plugging (Correct Answer) The choke is washing out There is a washout in the string Abit nozzle has plugged Abit nozzle has washed out The problem in the case above has been corrected Drill Pipe Pressure Casing Pressure 10,20, 30. 40 Elapsed time | }j2}/5}]o}/0| 00 Hrs 50 Mins Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 68Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book 6. Based on what you see at right, what action should be taken? A. Increase the pump speed Decrease the pump speed Close the choke slowly (Correct Answer) Open the choke slowly Continue, everything is OK moo®D 750 Drill Pipe Pressure Casing Pressure 10, 20,30. 40 Elapsed time | |[+][s]/o]/0| 01 Hrs 00 Mins Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 69Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book 7. This is the situation after 3000 strokes. What should you do? ‘A. Increase the pump speed B. Decrease the pump speed C. Close the choke slowly (Correct Answer) D. Open the choke slowly E. Continue, everything is OK Drill Pipe Pressure Casing Pressure 10, 20, 30. 40 > PVs folfofol} rin sors Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 70Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book 8. The pit volume is increasing and casing pressure is rising. Should you.. A. mpoo Increase the pump speed Decrease the pump speed Close the choke slowly Open the choke slowly (Correct Answer) Continue, everything is OK Drill Pipe Pressure Casing Pressure 10 20, 30, 40 | Hs fojfofol} os tes20 mins Elapsed time Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 71Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book 9. This is the situation after 8000 strokes. The pit level is now dropping. You could have loss of circulation. What are you going to do? A B. c. D. E Increase the pump speed Decrease the pump speed Close the choke slowly Open the choke slowly Continue, everything is OK (Correct Answer) 50 Drill Pipe Pressure Casing Pressure 10.20, 30. 40 Elapsed time | Wso]olo}) 04 tes 27 wins Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 72Intertek Consulting & Training IWCF Student Exercise Book 10. The choke is now fully open but it is difficult to determine whether there is any pressure on the casing. What should you do? A moog Increase the pump speed Decrease the pump speed Close the choke a little Stop pumping and close in the well (Correct Answer) Continue pumping at 30 spm Drill Pipe Pressure Casing Pressure 10, 20,30. 40 lapsed tit LPs sfofol) os tres7 sins Instructor Solution Answer Key Page 73