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factor 2. SiO2, P2O5, Cu, Zn, Co, and Y are plots (Fig.3), the limestone samples from
loaded in Factor 3 and show good correlation Shahabad Formation show LREE depletion and
within them which indicates the influence of slight enrichment in HREE with negative Ce
diagenesis in the system. anomaly and positive Eu anomaly. Positive
correlation of ∑REE with Al (R = 0.912) and
TABLE II. RESULTS OF PRINCIPAL COMPONENT
negative correlation of ∑REE with Ca (R= -
ANALYSIS (VARIMAX AND KAISER NORMALISATION) FOR 0.642) implies that the presence of terrigenous
SHAHABAD LIMESTONES OF BHIMA BASIN (N=25). fraction is also the possible source for REE in
Factor 1 Factor 2 Factor 3
these limestones. The terrigenous source of REE
SiO2 0.03 -0.08 0.91 is further confirmed by the strong positive
TiO2 0.96 -0.01 0.21 correlation of ∑REE with Fe Ni, Cr, Sc, Y and
Al2O3 0.97 0.02 0.19 Zr. Among the REE group, the LREE show a
Fe2O3 0.93 -0.04 0.17 stronger positive correlation with terrigenous
CaO -0.38 0.25 -0.84 elements like Al, Fe, Ti, Mg and Zr compared to
MgO 0.75 -0.16 0.08 middle REE (MREE) and heavy REE (HREE).
Na2O 0.69 -0.21 0.02 The negative Ce anomaly reflects the
K2O 0.95 0.04 0.24
P2O5 -0.38 -0.22 0.79
incorporation of REE directly from seawater or
Mn 0.61 0.00 -0.20 pore water under oxic condition. This also
Sr 0.09 -0.23 0.00 implies the mixing of two-component systems
Rb -0.01 0.62 -0.10 with terrigenous clay (detrital) in the marine
Ba 0.28 -0.33 -0.24 sediments.
Zr -0.04 0.94 -0.11
Nb -0.02 0.94 -0.07 E81 S-26 S56C
Th 0.00 0.95 -0.16
U -0.12 0.74 -0.16 S-38 S-17 S57
Sc 0.94 0.03 0.19 10
V 0.97 0.01 0.15
Cr 0.96 -0.02 0.06
Element/PASS
Tm
Sm
Gd
Ho
Pr
Dy
La
Lu
2) Rare Earth Elements
Figure 3. Post-Archean Average Shale (PASS) normalized
Shahabad limestones have consistent seawater REE pattern of the limestone of Shahabad Formation.
like shale normalized REE+Y pattern (Fig.) 3.
LREE depletion (average NdSN/YbSN = 0.64+0.08
(Present study); NdSN/YbSN of modern shallow Positive Eu anomalies are uncommon in
seawater = 0.205 to 0.497 for 50m water depth seawater, which are generally results of input
samples; Zhang and Nozaki, 1996; de Baar et al., from hydrothermal discharges along mid-ocean
1985 respectively); 2. Consistent negative CeSN ridges (Klinkhammer et al., 1983, 1994).
and positive LaSN anomalies; 3. consistent Significant negative or positive Eu anomalies
positive GdSN anomalies (average 1.05+0.16 may occur in crustal rocks, which are mainly as
(Present study); GdSN/Gd* of modern shallow an effect of intracrustal fractionation separating
seawater 1.30 to 1.05 from the data of de Baar et granitic melts from residues containing feldspar,
al., 1985 and Zhang and Nozaki, 1998 which is the major host of Eu2+ in rocks. Studies
respectively); 4. Super chondritic Y/Ho ratio by Elderfield and Sholkovitz (1987), and MacRac
(average Y/Ho = 38.13+21.35; Y/Ho of seawater et al. (1992) have shown that sediments can attain
44-74 Bau 1996). Negative Ce anomalies on the positive Eu anomaly within a time span of
shale normalised, REE variation diagrams in two 10,000 – 12,000 yr of diagenetic history using the
samples with very low REE contents suggest a porewater REE data of Buzzards Bay sediments.
marine influence on the REE distribution. These sediments show positive Eu anomaly
Differences in ΣREE content among individual ranges of 1.24 to 1.26 in the samples taken
samples are mainly related to variations in the closest to the shore, which owing to dominantly
amount of terrigenous sediment included in these terrestrial source (Nath et al., 1997). The
limestone samples. In Shale normalized REE Shahabad limestone samples display a range of
CUTSE International Conference 2008, 24-27 November 2008, Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia
Implications for regional lithostratigraphic correlations: along the slopes of the Sagami and Nankai troughs near
Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 36, p. 313-332. Japan. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 62, 1307–1317.
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