Solution

Step1: ultimate load

𝑁 = 1.4𝐷𝐿 + 1.6𝐿𝐿
ULTIMATE LOAD (N)

 𝑁 = 1.4(5.6) + 1.6(5)
15.84𝐾𝑁/𝑚2
Characteristics of load
Coefficients
𝑑𝑒𝑎𝑑 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 (𝐺𝑘)= 5.6𝑘𝑁/𝑚2 (−)𝛽𝑠𝑥(𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡) = 0.047
(+)𝛽𝑠𝑥(𝑚𝑖𝑑) = 0.036
𝑙𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑎𝑑 (𝑄𝑘 ) = 5𝐾𝑁/𝑚2
(−)𝛽𝑠𝑦(𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡) = 0.045
𝑓𝑐𝑢 = 40𝐾𝑁/𝑚2 (+)𝛽𝑠𝑥(𝑚𝑖𝑑) = 0.034
𝑓𝑦 = 460 𝐾𝑁/𝑚2 Step2:
Moment at maximum
𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟 = 25 𝑚𝑚 (−)𝑚𝑠𝑥(𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡) = 𝛽𝑠𝑥 𝑁𝑙𝑥 2
Moment 0.047 × 15.84 × 52
𝟏𝟖. 𝟔𝟏𝑲𝑵. 𝑴
𝑚𝑠𝑥 = 𝛽𝑠𝑥 𝑁𝑙𝑥 2
2 (+)𝑚𝑠𝑥(𝑚𝑖𝑑) = 𝛽𝑠𝑥 𝑁𝑙𝑥 2
𝑚𝑠𝑦 = 𝛽𝑠𝑦 𝑁𝑙𝑥
0.036 × 15.84 × 52
From table 3.14 = 𝟏𝟒. 𝟐𝟔 𝑲𝑵. 𝑴

Shear force
(−)𝑚𝑠𝑦(𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡) = 𝛽𝑠𝑦 𝑁𝑙𝑥 2
𝑉𝑠𝑥 = 𝛽𝑠𝑥 𝑁𝑙𝑥 = 0.045 × 15.84 × 52
= 𝟏𝟕. 𝟖𝟐𝑲𝑵. 𝑴
𝑉𝑠𝑦 = 𝛽𝑠𝑦 𝑁𝑙𝑥

From table 3.15 (+)𝑚𝑠𝑦(𝑚𝑖𝑑) = 𝛽𝑠𝑦 𝑁𝑙𝑥 2

= 0.034 × 15.84 × 52
=13.46 KN.M
 Take moment the greatest AS (Max) =4%b h
moment
4 × 1000 × 200
(−)𝑚𝑠𝑥(𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑡) = 𝟏𝟖. 𝟔𝟏𝑲𝑵. 𝑴
100
(continuous edge)
𝑀 =8000mm2
𝐾= 2
𝑏𝑑 𝑓𝑐𝑢 𝐴𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝐴𝑠 < 𝐴𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑂𝐾
18.61×106
= =0.016 <k’=0.156
1000×1692 ×40

Design singly reinforcement Take ∅ = 12𝑚𝑚

𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2
𝑘
𝑍 = 𝑑(0.5 + √0.25 − (3.14 × 62
0.90
=113.04 mm2
0.016
=𝑑(0.5 + √0.25 −
0.90
Number of bars
=0.98d > Zmax 𝐴𝑠
𝑁𝑜 =
= take Zmax= 0.95d 𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑟
265
= 0.95*169mm =
113.04

Z= 160.55mm = 3 bars top reinforcement

𝑀 𝐴𝑠(𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣) = 3 × 113.04
𝐴𝑠 =
0.95𝑓𝑦 𝑍
=340 mm2
18.61×106
= Spacing for 1 m section
0.95×460×160.5

=265 mm2 1000𝑚𝑚

𝑠=
3
Checking
333mm say 300 mm
AS(MIN) =0.13%bh
𝑢𝑠𝑒 3𝑇@300𝑚𝑚 𝑐/𝑐
0.13 × 1000 × 200
100 Moment at mid span:
=260 mm2 (+)𝑚𝑠𝑥(𝑚𝑖𝑑) = 𝛽𝑠𝑥 𝑁𝑙𝑥 2
 0.036 × 15.84 × 52 =260 mm2

AS (Max) =4%BH
= 𝟏𝟒. 𝟐𝟔 𝑲𝑵. 𝑴
4 × 1000 × 200
𝑀 100
𝐾=
𝑏𝑑 2 𝑓𝑐𝑢
=8000mm2
14.26 × 106
𝐴𝑚𝑖𝑛 < 𝐴𝑠 < 𝐴𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑛𝑜𝑡 𝑜𝑘𝑖
1000 × 1692 × 40
Take ASmin= 260mm2
=0.012<k’=0.156 singly reinforced
Take ∅ = 12𝑚𝑚
𝑘
𝑍 = 𝑑(0.5 + √0.25 − 𝐴 = 𝜋𝑟 2
0.90
=113.04 mm2
0.012
= 𝑑(0.5 + √0.25 −
0.90 Number of bars

= 0.98 d which is greater than 0.95d 𝐴𝑠

𝑁𝑜 =
𝐴𝑏𝑎𝑟
Take Zmax= 0.95d
260
=
= = 0.95*169mm 113.04

Z= 160.55mm = 3 bars bottom reinforcement

𝑀 𝐴𝑠(𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣) = 3 × 113.04
𝐴𝑠 =
0.95𝑓𝑦 𝑍
=340 mm2
14.26 × 106
Spacing for 1 m section
0.95 × 460 × 160.55
1000𝑚𝑚
= 203 m2 𝑠=
3
Checking 333mm say 300 mm
AS(MIN) =0.13%bh 𝑢𝑠𝑒 3𝑇@300𝑚𝑚 𝑐/𝑐
0.13 × 1000 × 200
100
 Shear resistance 0.5
Service stress
𝑙𝑦 5𝑚
= = 1m 2𝑓𝑦 𝐴𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞 1
𝑙𝑥 5𝑚
𝑓𝑠 = ( × )
3𝐴𝑠 𝑝𝑟𝑜 𝛽𝑏
Design shear Continuous edge
2 × 460 × 260
( )
3 × 340
 235N/mm2
𝑣𝑠𝑥 = 𝛽𝑠𝑥 𝑛𝑙𝑥  26 × 1.93
 0.4 × 15.84 × 5  50.18
 31.68 KN/m 5000
Actual
169
Shear resistance
30 < 50.18
𝑉 31.68×103
𝑣= = 0.187 N/mm2
𝑏𝑑 1000×169 Therefore deflection is acceptable
0.187𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 ≤ 8√𝑓𝑐𝑢 Detailing

100(340) 1/3
 (1000×169) = 0.58
400 1/4
 (169) = 1.24
40 1/3
 (25) = 1.169
[0.79×0.58×1.24×1.169]

1.25
 𝑣𝑐 = 0.53
𝑣 < 𝑣𝑐 𝑛𝑜 𝑠ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑟 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑘 𝑖𝑠 𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑟𝑒𝑑

Deflection
(𝑙/𝑑)𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑐 = 26
𝑚
2
= K× FCU
𝑏𝑑
0.012 × 40
Given data
Therefore maximum moment is (First interior
 𝑓𝑐𝑢 = 35 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 support – design as rectangular section)
 𝑓𝑦 = 460 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2 M= 288.7 KN-m
 𝑓𝑦 = 250 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
 ∅ 𝑇 = 16𝑚𝑚 Maximum shear force
 ∅𝐶 = 12 𝑚𝑚 𝑉𝑚𝑎𝑥 =0.6F
 𝑑′ = 𝑐 + ∅𝐿 + ∅ 𝑇 /2 = 30+8+16/2 = 46mm
 ∅𝐿 = 8𝑚𝑚 = 0.6*525 KN = 315KN
 C= 25mm Section

Solution
Ultimate transferred load = 105 KN/M
For each span ∅𝑇
D= H- C−∅𝐿 - 2
= 400 – 25 - 8– 16/2 = 359 mm
Total ultimate load = 105 KN * 5 m
= 525 KN DESIGN FLEXURAL RECTANGULAR
BENDING MOMENT
𝑀
a) Mid span of 1st and spans – design at T-section 𝐾=
M= 0.09FL 𝑏𝑑 2 𝑓𝑐𝑢
0.09 * 525 * 5 = 236 KN-m 288.7×106
 = 0.213
b) First interior support – design as rectangular 300×3592 ×35
section  𝐾 > 𝐾′ 𝑖𝑡𝑠 𝑑𝑜𝑢𝑏𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑒𝑖𝑛𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑑
M= 0.11FL
0.11*525*5 = 288.7 KN-m 𝑘′
𝑍 = 𝑑(0.5 + √0.25 −
c) Moment of interior support (central) 0.90
Design as rectangular- section
M= 0.08 FL 0.156
= 𝑑(0.5 + √0.25 − )
0.08*525*5 = 210 KN-m 0.90

d) Moment at mid span design as T-section = 0.777 d < 0.95 d ok

M= 0.07FL Z= 0.777(359 mm) = 279 mm
0.07 * 525*5 = 183.7KN-m
 𝑑−𝑧 359𝑚𝑚−279𝑚𝑚
𝑥 = 0.45 = 0.45
= 178.0 mm

𝑑′ 46
𝑥
= 178
= 0.258 ≤ 0.37

𝐴′𝑠 = (𝐾 − 𝐾′)𝑓𝑐𝑢 𝑏𝑑2 /0.95𝑓𝑦 (𝑑 − 𝑑′)

(0.213 − 0.156)35 × 300 × 3592
𝐴′ 𝑠 =
0.95 × 460(359 − 46)

77,135,278.5
𝐴′ 𝑠 = 𝐴𝑠′ = 564𝑚𝑚2
136,781

 ∅𝑐 = 12 𝑚𝑚
 Area 1 bar = 𝜋𝑟 = 3.14 × 62 = 113. 𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑆 𝑝𝑟𝑜 564𝑚𝑚2
Number of bars = = = 5 bars
𝐴𝑠 𝑏𝑎𝑟 113.04𝑚𝑚2

𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑝𝑡 5𝑇12@𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔565𝑚𝑚2

𝐴𝑆 = (𝑘′𝑓𝑐𝑢 𝑏𝑑2 /0.95𝑓𝑦 𝑍) + 𝐴′𝑠

=(0.156 × 35 × 300 × 3592 /0.95 × 460 ×

279) +564

 1731+564
 2295 mm2
Take ∅ 𝑇 = 20 𝑚𝑚
 As 1 bar 314 mm2

NO. Bars 2295 mm2 / 314 mm2

 Take 8 bars
𝑎𝑑𝑜𝑝𝑡 8𝑇20@𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑔2512𝑚𝑚2

Shear design

V = 315 KN
 Where

GIVEN DATA  Column 1 is the rectangular columns of the first and second
floor
 Column 2 is the rectangular columns of ground floor
𝑁 = 528 𝑘𝑁  Column 3 is the circular columns of the first and second floor
Cover = 25mm  Column 4 is the circular columns of ground floor

𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑚𝑒 Ф𝑇 = 20 𝑚𝑚
Total load of column:
Ф𝐿 = 10 𝑚𝑚
Fcu = 40 N/mm2 Critical rectangular column = 1607.52KN
𝑓𝑦 = 460 𝑁/𝑚𝑚2
𝑙𝑜 = 4𝑚 Critical circular column = 1605.2KN
Beams and columns size:
Step2: find the moment:
𝐴𝑙𝑙 𝑏𝑒𝑎𝑚𝑠 = 300𝑚𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑒𝑝 400𝑚𝑚
𝑬𝒎𝒊𝒏 = 0.05*D = 0.05*400mm
𝐴𝑙𝑙 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑛𝑠 = 350𝑚𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑑𝑒𝑒𝑝 400𝑚𝑚 = 20 mm = 0.02m
𝐌 = 𝐄𝐦𝐢𝐧 ∗ 𝐍
Step 1: Total load of column:
0.02m*1607.52KN =32.15KNm
desri Length Width Depth Vol 𝛾𝑐𝑜𝑛 Sw
M m M m KN
Column 3.5 0.35 0.4 0.49 24 11.8 Step 3: find the value of Lox and Loy
1
Column 4 0.35 0.4 0.56 24 13.44 Lox= LO-d beam = 4m - 0.4m = 3.6m = 3600mm
2
desri length 𝜋 Dia Vol 𝛾𝑐𝑜𝑛 Sw
m M m KN Loy= Lox= 3.6m,
Column 3.5 3.14 0.4 4.4 24 105.6
3 Because of all beams are same dimension
Column 4 3.14 0.4 5.02 24 120.5
4 Step 4: find the value of β by the checking of
Second and third floor column loads: conditions:
Column2 = 𝑠. 𝑤 + ultimate load of beam (N) =
𝑫𝒃𝒆𝒂𝒎 = 𝟒𝟎𝟎𝒎𝒎 = 𝑯𝒄𝒐𝒍𝒖𝒎𝒏 =400 this is
11.76 KN + 528KN = 539.8 KN *2=1079.52 KN
condition is condition1 at the top and bottom
Column2 = ultimate load of beam (N) + Column
 β = 1.2
1 *2 = 528KN = 528KN + 1079.52 KN = 1607.52 KN
 𝐿𝑒𝑥 = β* Lox= 1.2*3600mm = 4320mm
Column3= 𝑠. 𝑤 + ultimate load of beam (N) =
10.6KN + 528KN = 538.6KN*2 = 1077.2KN

Column4 = ultimate load of beam (N) +

Column3*2 = 528KN = 528 KN + 1077.2KN =
1605.2KN
Step 4:short and slender columns:
In x-direction:
𝐿𝑒𝑥 4320𝑚𝑚
= = 10.8< 15
ℎ 400𝑚𝑚

In y- direction short column

𝐿𝑒𝑦 4320𝑚𝑚
= = 14.4< 15
𝑏 300𝑚𝑚

Step 5: find the effective depth:

D = H-C-ФL-ФT/2 = 400mm -25mm -10mm -
16mm/2 = 357mm

Step 6: find the value of N/bh and M/bh2

𝑁 1607.52𝐾𝑁
= = 11.5 KN/mm2
𝑏ℎ 350∗4002

𝑴 32.15∗106
= = 0.57≈ 0.7 N/mm2
𝒃𝒉 350∗4002

Step 7: find the value k from chart:

Where
𝐷 357𝑚𝑚
= 400𝑚𝑚 = 0.89 ≈ 0.9
ℎ

𝑓𝑐𝑢 = 40mm chart no: 39