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Environmental

Impact
Assessment
A brief discussion
Presented by:
Apekshit Solanki
Kirti
Neetu Yadav
Sameera
Vishakha Shankar
Introduction

● EIA is a formal process to predict the environmental


consequences of any planned development.
● Compared 2 different power projects.
○ Jaitapur Nuclear Power Plant.
○ Modification of the Nashik thermal power plant.
● We have used 2 different tools for the comparison of the
projects, to determine the better project.
Background
● In October, 2009, GOI approved the 6 X 1650 MWe
NPP at Jaitapur. The total capacity being 10 GWe.
● NCPIL intends to install these in a phased manner.
● It is being developed with the help of French
multinational Areva.
● To implement the above, NPCIL requested to acquire
976 Hectares of land.
● To get the required clearances from MoEF, NEERI was
awarded the EIA work.
Location
Environmental Setting
Environmental Setting
Environmental Setting

● Land measuring 693 hectares has been acquired for the


PWR type nuclear Power Park.
● 245 hectares have been acquired for the residential
complex at a distance of 5 kms.
● Not a single family displaced due to project as land is
barren.
● JNPP site falls in CRZ – III category.
EIA as a Tool (Impacts of JNPP)

● Barren land with no habitation, and 0.24 ha of


vegetation
● No breeding sites and land based activities
● No national park or sanctuary within 25 kms from site
● Poor biodiversity with respect to invertebrates, sea
weeds etc.
Thermal Power Plant in Nashik, Maharashtra
● 2x140 MW were in operation with de-rated capacity of 2x125
MW.
● MAHAGENCO planned to install energy efficient 1x660 MW
coal based thermal unit with coal.
● A total of 34.21 Ha area was required for the proposed power
plant in which 8.66 ha is for Main Plant & Auxilliary unit.
● A total of 40.50 MMC /Year of water is required for the power
plant and the total coal requirement is 3.44 MTPA.
● Various tests for conductivity,total hardness,chlorides,COD,
BOD and D.O. were conducted to check the environmental
conditions.
Location
Necessary Resources and Availability

Input Resource

Water Backwaters of Gangapur Dam


reservoir

Fuel ● Coal been used in the power


plant being replaced
● Rest from Mahanadi coalfields of
Orissa.

Land Requirement Private land , already acquired by


MAHAGENCO
Environmental Setting
Nearest Habitation Gangawadi (0.85-km, W)
Panchak (3-km,WNW)

Nearest Tourist places/Archaeological important places Nil within 15 km radius


.

Defence Installations

Reserved/Protected forest /
Presence of any wildlife migratory corridors, migratory
bird paths in study area or presence of Sch-I animals in
study area
Impacts during Operational Phase
Impacts due to solid waste
● Area for disposal of ash 277 ha.
● The disposal of ash will convert this land into non
usable land.
● The ash dumped in the ponds may lead to one or more
of the following processes:
○ Leaching of water soluble components from ash into
groundwater.
○ Incorporation of the ash into soil matrix.
Mitigation measures

● Fly Ash Slurry Disposal System.


● Kitchen waste shall be disposed off through
vermicomposting and shall be used as manure with
sludge from water treatment processes for the
development of green belt.
● Other solid wastes such as empty containers, metal
scrap will be sold off to authorized dealers for recycling.
Impacts on air quality

● Indian coal will be used as fuel.


● Expected released pollutants in the emission will mainly
be the Particulate Matter.
● The concerning emission will be from Point Source.
Mitigation measures

● Zero effluent discharge will be implemented.


● Minimal impact on the surface water quality. The
sources of plant effluent are mainly:
○ CW System blowdown
○ Plant drains and boiler blowdown
○ Oily waste
Impacts on Noise Levels
● Noise levels at the source: 75- 80 dB
Incremental noise levels will be less than 43.2 dB at all the
surrounding habitations.
The main noise generating stationary sources are pumps,
compressors, cooling tower and boilers.

● Noise levels at the source: 75- 80 dB


Incremental noise levels will be less than 43.2 dB at all the
surrounding habitations.
Impacts during construction phase
Land Environment NO MAJOR IMPACT No sensitive receptors
No critical pollution zones
No major changes expected in land
use pattern

Air Environment IMPACT FOR SHORT Marginal increase in the levels of


DURATION REVERSIBLE SO2, NOx, SPM and CO
TEMPORARY

Terrestrial Ecological NO MAJOR ADVERSE Vegetation may be disturbed


IMPACTS Fugitive dust generated

Water Environment WATER REQUIREMENT IS Sewage generated from the


LOW construction workforce
Non-point discharges of solids
IMPACT ON WATER IS from soil loss
NEGLIGIBLE.
Network
EIA - A tool for comparison

● Project and non-project scenario


● Project A and Project B at a given site
● Site A and Site B for a given project
Environmental Phase of Thermal Power Plant Nuclear Power Plant
component Project
Air Environment Construction -Reversible, marginal and -Small level of pollutants
temporary impact -Proper maintenance of machinery,
-Proper maintenance of vehicles, vehicles
equipment -Regular monitoring of conventional
-Water sprinkling on roads and site pollutants
Operation -Point Source Emission -Radioactive gaseous emissions of
-Released through a stack of 275 magnitude within AERB standards.
m. height. -Proper monitoring
Water Construction -Non-point discharges of solids -Impact on aquatic system / ground water
Environment from soil loss and sewage - Proper appropriate sanitary facilities for
generated the construction workers.
- Construction of oil and water separation
facility.
Operation -Zero effluent discharge -Effective collection & treatment of active
-Oil water separator liquid effluents.
-Provision of on line monitoring for taking
appropriate measures
-Implementation of rainwater harvesting
measures.
Land Construction -Industrial Land used -Segregation of waste
Environment -Use of top soil for green belt -Construction waste used for land filling
development
Operation -Ash not disposed but used in -Effective collection & segregation of
construction industry active solid waste
Noise Construction -Temporary effect - Employees and workers will be provided
Environment with ear muffs etc.
-Isolation of site

Operation -Low noise level -Confinement of noise generating


equipment.
Socio- economic Construction - Job and employment to local people;
Environment - construction site to be fenced;
- Social, cultural and infrastructural
development
Operation Awareness camps, health care; R & R
plan; job and employment generation;
Social, cultural and infrastructural
development
Highlights and lessons:
● Transparency is needed in projects to avoid the the risk occurring from
misleading information provided by authorities or people associated with
project.
● A proper timely monitoring is needed where the damage caused due to
any negligence can have huge impact on locals and environment.
● Noise and socioeconomic impacts also needs to be taken into taken apart
from land, water and environment.
● Nuclear power plants are very clean and require minimal amounts of water
while thermal power plants are polluting even during operations, polluting
air, land and also using massive amounts of water.
● A drawback of a nuclear power plant is solid waste management of nuclear
waste, which if not done properly can cause huge problem.
References
● "Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF), grants Environmental Clearance for
Jaitapur Nuclear Power Project (JNPP)" (Press release). Mumbai- India: Nuclear
Power Corporation of India Limited. 29 November 2010. Retrieved 30
November2010.
● A Gopalakrishnan (3 December 2010). "Reject French reactors for Jaitapur". The
Indian Express. Retrieved 3 December 2010.
● "Jaitapur nuclear project: villagers turn down compensation". The Hindu (Mumbai-
India). 25 July 2010. Retrieved 29 November 2010.
● Siddhaye, Ninad (26 December 2010). "Jaitapur nuke plant will be a social disaster:
TISS report". Daily News and Analysis (Mumbai). Retrieved 27 December 2010.
● ‘Environmental Impact Assessment of Jaitapur Nuclear Power Project (JNPP)’ by
National Environmental Engineering Research Institute.
● Environmental Impact Assessment of expansion of Nasik TPP by addition of 1x
660MW coal based Thermal Power Plant at Village Eklahare, Tal-Nasik, Dist-Nasik ,
Maharashtra
Thank you

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