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AUM
Faculty of Engineering.
Department of Civil Engineering.
Environmental Lab
Report #7
(Chloride)
1 | www.aum.edu.jo
American University of Madaba
AUM
Faculty of Engineering.
Department of Civil Engineering.
Contents
Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 3
Objectives ...................................................................................................................................... 3
Apparatus and Material .................................................................................................................. 3
Steps and procedure ....................................................................................................................... 3
Results and Calculations ................................................................................................................ 4
Discussion ...................................................................................................................................... 4
Conclusion ..................................................................................................................................... 4
References ...................................................................................................................................... 4
2 | www.aum.edu.jo
American University of Madaba
AUM
Faculty of Engineering.
Department of Civil Engineering.
Introduction
Chloride represents the concentration of Cl ions that are present in a sample, and we should note
that the allowable limit for Cl ions concentration in drinking water is not to exceed 250mg/l Cl.
Any higher values will result in a salty taste to the water.
There are many sources of Chloride which could be from domestic or industrial waste and even
running water that comes into contact with rock and soil, along with waters from the sea and
oceans.
Not only this but also tap water that is intended for everyday use, usually has Chloride added to
it for sterilization purposes.
Objectives
Is to find the concentration of Cholride in mg/l in tap water.
Determine if the sample is Chloride polluted or not, if it has Cl concentrations of more that
250mg/l.
3 | www.aum.edu.jo
American University of Madaba
AUM
Faculty of Engineering.
Department of Civil Engineering.
(𝐴−𝐵)∗𝑁∗35450
Concentration of Cl ions = = 103.5mg/l.
𝑉
Discussion
We have found the concentration of the chloride ions to be less than 250mg/l thus we can say
that our sample is not polluted and the amount of chlorine added to the water for domestic used
is within the required limits.
If we add 10 drops of the indicator to the sample but add less of it to the blank sample, then a
higher concentration of the Cl ions will be found, as we have more Cr2O4 ions in the first
sample and it was not accounted for in the blank sample thus these ones will be added to the
volume of the Chloride ions and will yield a higher A-B value giving us a higher final answer.
However, if the amount of indicator in the sample was less than that added to the blank samle of
distilled water, then a lower value will be found because more Cr2O4 ions were taken into
consideration in the second part of the test than the actual amount being present in the tested tap
water sample, hence the A-B part o the equation will be lower than what it should be this was
giving us a lower Cl ions concentration value. Of course with the fixation of all other variables
in the equation in both cases.
Conclusion
Finally, we come to understand the importance and the procedure the chloride concentration
determination. And we can conclude that we have met the objectives of this test.
References
Lab manual.
4 | www.aum.edu.jo
American University of Madaba
AUM
Faculty of Engineering.
Department of Civil Engineering.
5 | www.aum.edu.jo