DRIVE SHAFT

1. Description

- The drive shaft has the function of driving the vehicles having independent
suspension systems. Its joint angle changes and so does the distance
between the differential and the wheel, according to the changes in the angle
of the vehicle body relative to the road surface during driving.
- For this reason, a combination of a fixed constant velocity joint and a slid able
constant velocity joint is used.
- When the wheel rebound, as illustrated the distance between joint becomes
ℓ + α > ℓ due to the change in the joint angle. Since the distance constantly
varies while the vehicle is traveling, use of slidable joints is required.

2. Tujuan
 i. Describe the operation of a front-wheel drive axle.
ii. Diagnose problems in CV joints.
iii. Perform preventive maintenance on CV joints.
3. Jenis-Jenis
a. Tripod Joint

- As the tripod joint has three rollers and is simple in design, it costs less to
manufacture. Normally most joint of this type are designed in such a way
that they can move in the axial direction.

b. Birfield Joint
 - This is a joint having several steel ball, which allow a uniform speed to be
maintained with a high accuracy.
- A special curvature is provided on the ball seat in such a way that the
contacting point between the drive shaft and the driven shaft is always
along the line that divides in two the intersecting angle of the shafts.
- Some birfield joint are designed in such a way that their length varies
following the vehicle movement, as with some movable tripod joints.

4. Binaan

5. Fungsi komponen
6. Pengenalan kendalian aci pandu (Drive shaft)

GENERAL INFORMATION
7. The new CVT has been developed to achieve excellent fuel economy, further
easy driving, and fun to drive. This CVT has achieved a quick and smooth
acceleration feel suitable for LANCER, when the vehicle accelerates from any
speeds. The CVT combines "torque converter" and "continuously variable
transaxle mechanism by steel belt and pulley" to achieve "high driving
 performance" and "better fuel economy." Depending on the driving conditions,
the comfortable pulley ratio is automatically and continuously selected from low
to overdrive, ensuring driver-intended smooth driving without shift shocks due to
acceleration pedal operation.

PRINCIPLE OF IMPROVEMENTS IN FUEL ECONOMY

8. The CVT system can continuously vary the pulley ratio, so the vehicle can be
driven in the high engine fuel efficiency range all the time, resulting in excellent
fuel economy as shown in figure.

PRINCIPLE OF IMPROVEMENTS IN POWER PERFORMANCE

9. The figure shows the maximum driving force diagram representing the power
performance. The comparison with A/T shows that when the throttle is fully open,
A/T causes a step change in driving force due to a step shift, but CVT changes
driving force smoothly because it can accelerate with the engine kept in the high
output range. Therefore, CVT provides more smooth and shockless driving
without driving loss as much as the shaded area in the figure shown.
10.