You are on page 1of 12

� �

�Lb - Lp �
M p - ( Mp - 0.7Fy Sx ) �
Mn = Cb � �=

� �L - L � �
� �r p �

2 2
E Jc �Jc � �0.7Fy �
Lr = 1.95rts + � �+ 6.76 � �=
0.7Fy Sx h0 �Sx h0 � �E �

Mn = Fcr Sx =

2 2

b E Jc �
Lb�
Fcr = 1 + 0.078 � �=
( Lb / rts )
2
Sx h0 �rts �

12.5Mmax
Cb = =
2.5Mmax + 3M A + 4Mb + 3Mc

I y h0
rts = =
2Sx

�λ - λpf �
Mn = M p - ( M p - 0.7Fy Sx ) � �=
�λ - λ �
� rf pf �

0.9Ekc Sx
Mn = =
λ2

λ = bf / (2tf ) =

M p = Fy Z x =

Mn = Rpc M yc = Rpc Fy Sxc =

Rpc = M p / M yc

�M p �Mλp λ �� - pw M �� p
Rpc = � - � - 1� � ��


�M yc �
�Mλyc

λ�
�� rw - M


pw �
� yc

1.6Fy Sxc =

M yc = Fy Sxc =

I yc / I y =

� �Lb - Lp �

Rpc Myc - ( Rpc Myc - FL Sxc ) �
Mn = Cb � ��Rpc Myc

� �L - L �

� �r p �

Mn = Fcr Sxc �R pc M yc
2
Cπ 2
b E J �
Lb�
Fcr = 1 + 0.078 � �=
( Lb / rt )
2
Sxc h0 �rt �

hc tw
aw = =
bfc t fc

bfc
rt = =
�h0 1 h2 �
12 � + aw �
�d 6 h0 d �

2 2
E J � J � �FL �
Lr = 1.95rt + � �+ 6.76 � � =
FL Sxc h0 �Sxc h0 � �E �

�λ - λpf �
Mn = Rpc Myc - ( Rpc Myc - FL S xc ) � �=
�λ - λ �
� rf pf �

0.9Ekc Sxc
Mn = =
λ2

Mn = Rpt M yt =

M yt = Fy Sxt =

Rpt = M p / M yt =

�M p �Mλp λ �� - pw


Rpt = � - � - 1� � �=


�M yt �
�Mλyt

λ�
�� rw - pw



Mp
� =
M yt

Mn = R pg Fy Sxc =

aw �hc E �
Rpg = 1 - � - 5.7 �=
1200 + 300aw �tw F �
� y �

Mn = Rpg Fcr Sxc =

� �
�Lb - Lp �
Fy - ( 0.3Fy ) �
Fcr = Cb � �=

� �

� �Lr - Lp �


2

b E
Fcr = =
( Lb / rt )
2
E
r =
Lπr t =
0.7Fy

0.9Ek c
Fcr = 2
=
�bf �
� �
�2t f �

Mn = Fy Sxt

Vn = 0.6Fy Aw Cv =


�1 when h / tw �1.10 kv E / Fy (i)


�1.10 kv E / Fy
Cv = � when 1.10 kv E / Fy < h / tw �1.37 kv E / Fy (ii)
� h / tw

� 1.51kv E when h / tw > 1.37 kv E / Fy (iii)
�h / t 2 F
�( w ) y

1.1 kv E / Fy =

1.37 kv E / Fy =

2.46 E / Fy =

h / t w �2.46 E / Fy

Ist �btw3 j =

2.5
j= - 2 �0.5
(a / h )2

E
( b / t ) st �0.56 =
Fyst

�tst bst3
� for single stiffeners
� 3
Ist = �
� �tst bst �t w + bst � �
3 2

� +
� �12 � 2 �tst bst
2 � for stiffener pairs
� � �
�� �
2
5 � 260 �
kv = 5 + = 5 when a / h > 3 or a/ h > � �
(a / h )2 ( h / tw ) �

2
� 260 �
� �=
( h / tw ) �


0.6Fy Aw when h / tw �1.1 kv E / Fy


Vn = � � �
� 1 - Cv � when h / t > 1.1 k E / F

0.6Fy Aw Cv +
� � � w v y
1.15 1 + ( a / h )
2
� �
� � �

�V - Vc 1 �
Ist �Ist 1 + (Ist 2 - Ist 1 ) � r �=
�Vc 2 - Vc1 �

1.5
4 1.3
hρ �Fyw �
Ist 2 = st
� � =
40 �E �

5w L L4
Δ1max = =
384EI

5w D + L L4
Δ 2max = =
384EI

� E �
dmax = min �
0.75 t f ,30cm �=
� Fy �
� �

Fy3
f = 0.045h =
E

� �λ - λpf �

M p - ( M p - 0.7Fy Sy ) �
Mn = � �=

� �λ - λ �

� � rf pf �

Mn = Fcr Sy =

0.69E
Fcr = 2
=
�b �
� �
�t f �

htw3 bft t ft3 � t � bfc tfc3 � t �


J= + 1 - 0.63 ft
� �+ 1 - 0.63 fc �=

3 3 � bft � 3 � bfc �

kc E
λr = 0.64 =
Fy

kc E
λr = 1.49 =
Fy

π 2E
Fe = =
( KL / r )
2
�π 2 ECw � 1
Fe = � + GJ � =
�( K z L )

2
�I +I
�x y

� KL E � Fy


(a) When �4.71 � Fcr = �
0.658 Fe �Fy

� r Fy � �
� �

� KL E
(b) When
� > 4.71 � Fcr = 0.877Fe
� r Fy

E
4.71 =
Fy


� Ekc
� b
(i) When �0.64 � Qs = 1.0
� t Fy


� Ekc b Ekc �b � Fy
(ii) When 0.64
� < < 1.17 � Qs = 1.415 - 0.65 � �
� Fy t Fy �t � Ekc

� b Ekc 0.9Ek c
(iii) When > 1.17 � Qs =
� t Fy 2
�b �
� Fy � �
� �t �

kc E
0.64 =
Fy

Ekc
1.17 =
Fy

When web is not slender Qa =1.0


h E � 0.34 E �
E Ae
When �1.49 he = 1.92tw�1- ��h Qa =
tw f f
� (h / tw ) f � Ag
Where f is taken as Fcr calculated based on Q = 1.0

� KL E � QFy


(a) When �4.71 � Fcr = Q �
0.658 Fe �Fy

� r QFy � �
� �

� KL E
(b) When
� > 4.71 � Fcr = 0.877Fe
� r QFy

E
4.71 =
QFy

π 2 EI y
Pey = =
L2b
αPr
1+ =
Pey

Pr 8 �Mrx Mry �
+ � + �=
Pc 9 � �
�Mcx Mcy �

Pr �M Mry �
+ � rx + �=
2Pc � �Mcx Mcy �

E
λrf = 0.56 =
Fy

E
λrw = 1.49 =
Fy

�π 2 ECw � 1
Fe = � + GJ � =
�( K z L )

2
�I +I
�x y

π 2E
Fe = =
( KL / r )
2

� KL E � Fy


(a) When �4.71 � Fcr = �
0.658 Fe �Fy
� r Fy � �
� � �

� KL E

(b) When > 4.71 � Fcr = 0.877Fe

� r Fy


� b E

(i) When �0.56 � Qs = 1.0
� t Fy


� E b E �b � Fy
(ii) When 0.56
� < < 1.03 � Qs = 1.415 - 0.74 � �
� Fy t Fy �t � E

� b E 0.69E
(iii) When > 1.03
� � Qs = 2
� t Fy �b �
� Fy � �
� �t �

E
1.03 =
Fy
When web is not slender Qa =1.0

h E E � 0.34 E � Ae
When �1.49 he = 1.92tw 1-
� ��h Qa =
tw f f � (h / tw ) f � Ag

Where f is taken as Fcr calculated based on Q = 1.0

� KL E � QFy


(a) When �4.71 � Fcr = Q �
0.658 Fe �Fy
� r QFy � �
� � �

� KL E

(b) When > 4.71 � Fcr = 0.877Fe

� r QF y

E
4.71 =
QFy

� D E
�When �0.11 Q =1
t Fy


� E D E 0.38E 2
�When 0.11 < < 0.45 Q = Qa = +
� Fy t Fy Fy (D / t ) 3

E � 0.38 E�
be = 1.92t 1-
� ��b
f � (b / t) f �

2
r0

π 2E
Fey = =
( KL / r )
2

�π 2ECw �1
Fez = � + GJ � 2 =
�( K z L )
2
� �
�Ar 0

2 Ix + Iy
r 0 = x02 + y 02 + =
Ag

� �
�Fey + Fez �� 4Fey Fez H �=
Fe = � 1- 1-
��
( Fey + Fez ) �
2
� 2H �� �

x02 + y 02
H = 1- 2
=
r0

r0 =
� L KL L
(i) When
� �80 = 72 + 0.75
� rx r rx

� L KL L
(ii) When
� > 80 = 32 + 1.25 �200
� rx r rx


� b E

(i) When �0.45 Qs = 1
� t Fy


� E b E �b � Fy
(ii) When 0.45
� < �0.91 Qs = 1.34 - 0.76 � �
� Fy t Fy �t � E

� b E 0.53E
(iii) When > 0.91
� Qs = 2
� t F y �b �
� Fy � �
� �t �

x=

�KL � K y Ly
�r � = r =
� � 0 y

� a �KL � �KL �
(i) When �40
� �r � = �r �
� ri � � m � �0

� 2
2
� a �KL � �KL � �K i a �
(iI) When
� > 40 �r � = �r �+ �r �
� ri � � m � � 0 �i �

a
=
ri

Ki a
=
ri

�KL �
�r � =
� � m

GJ
Fcrz = 2
=
Ag r0

� �
�Fcry + Fcrz �� 4Fcry Fcrz H �=
Fcr = � 1- 1-
��
( Fcry + Fcrz ) �
2
� 2H �� �

0.0732
�I �
x = 0.5L �x,small � =
�I �
�x ,l arg e �
π 2EI x'
Pex = =
L2

� Fy � Fy


For �2.25 Fn1 = �
0.658 Fe �
F
� Fe � �y
� � �

� Fy

For > 2.25 Fn1 = 0.877 Fy

� Fe

�When web is not slender Qa =1.0



� h E E � 0.34 E � Ae
�When t �1.49 f he = 1.92tw 1-
� ��h Qa =
� w f � (h / tw ) f � Ag

� QFy � QFy


For �2.25 Fcr = �
0.658 Fe �
QF
� Fe � � y
� � �

� QFy

For Q = 1 or > 2.25 Fcr = Fn1

� Fe

Pr Pr
=
Pc

π 2EI y
Pey = =
(KLb1 )2


PeCAT = �
(
π 2E Cw + Iy as2
+ GJ

�2
) 1
� (K L )2
�r + ry2 + ac2
� z b,inside �x

h02I y 1
Cw =
Iy 1
+1
Iy 2

� hc Mp
For
� �λpw Rpc =
� tw M yc


� hc �M p �Mλp λ �� - pw M �� p
For
� λpw < < λrw Rpc = � - � - 1� � ��

� �
� �
� tw �
�M yc �Mλyc � rw - M
λ� �
pw �
� yc

� hc I yc Mp
For
� �λrw or �0.23 Rpc = 1 �
� tw Iy M yc
� hc
For
� �λrw R pg = 1.0
tw



� hc aw �hc E �
For
� > λrw Rpg = 1 - � - 5.7 ��1.0
tw 1200 + 300aw �tw Fy �
� � �

hc tw
aw = =
bfc t fc

2
1.0π 2E J �Lb �
FeLTB Cb =1 = 2
1 + 0.078 � �
�Lb � Sxc h0 �rt �
� �
�rt �

bfc
rt = =
�h0 1 h2 �
12 � + aw �
�d 6 h0 d �

FeLTB Cb =1 =

FeLTB ( Cb =1)
γ eLTB ( Cb =1) = =
fmax

γ eLTB ( Cb =1) fr
=
Fy

� ( γ eLTB ) C =1 fr π2

a) If b
� 2 = 8.2 (the stress ratiio corresponding to Lb =Lp for prismatic members),
� Fy 1.1

� the lateral-torsional buckling limit state does not apply

FL ( γ eLTB ) Cb =1 fr


b) If < < 8.2, calculate the inelastic nominal lateral-torsional buckling strength as:
� Fy Fy


� � � Fy �

� � �π - 1.1 �

� � � FL �
� γ eLTB fr �

� Mn = Cb Rpg Rpc M yc �
1- �
1- �
� ��Rpg Rpc M yc

� R F � F
� � � �
�π �
- 1.1 �
pc y y
� � � FL �

� � � �


� ( γ eLTB ) C =1 fr F
c) If

b
� L , calculate the elastic lateral-torsional buckling nominal strength as
� Fy Fy

� For members with slender webs, Mn = Cb Rγpg ( ) f Sxc �Rpg M yc
eLTB C =1 r
� b


� b (
For other members, Mn = Cγ ) fS
eLTB Cb =1 r xc �M
R pc yc


fmi d
For �1 or f2 = 0, or cantilevers, Cb = 1
f2
2
f1 �f �
Otherwise, C b = 1.75 - 1.05 + 0.3 �1 � �2.3
f2 �f2 �

f0 + f2
For fmid < , f1 = f0
2

f +f
For fmid � 0 2 , f1 = 2fmid - f2 �f0
2




a) For members with compact flanges, bf / ( 2t f ) �0.38 E / Fy ,the limit state of FLB does not apply



b) For members with noncompact flanges, 0.38 E / Fy < bf / ( 2tf ) < 0.95 kc E / Fy


� � � �

� b E
� � - 0.38 �


� � � 2t f Fy �

� Mn = Rpg � Rpc M yc - ( Rpc M yc - FLSxc ) � �

� � �0.95 kc E - 0.38 E � �
� � � F F �

� � � L y �


c) For members with slender flanges bf / ( 2tf ) �0.95 kc E / Fy


� 0.9Rpg Ekc Sxc
� Mn =
� �b �
2

� � �
� �2tf �

E
1.49 =
f

� �
�0.021E �
Mn = � + Fy �S =
� �D � �
��
� �t �
� �

Mn = Fcr S =

0.33E
Fcr = =
�D �

�t �

0.45E
=
Fy
1.60E
Fcr = 5
=
Lv �D �4
D� �t �

� Fy �
(
Mn = M p - M p - Fy S �
3.57
b
t
) E
- 4.0��M p
� f �

E � 0.38 E �
be = 1.92t f 1-
� ��b
Fy � b / tf Fy �
� �

( h - t) t
2
( be - b)
ye = =
Ae

t� � � t ( H - 2t ) �
3
�Bt 3 � t� � �
2
be t 3 �
2

Ie = � + �y1 - tB �+ � + y2 - tb �+ 2 � + y e2 ( H - 2t ) t �
2�
� � �12 � � e
�12 � � 2� � � � 12 �

� Fy �
(
Mn = M p - Mp - Fy S �
0.305
t
h
) E
- 0.738 ��M p
� w �

t fc �h � �t �
Afc + Aw � + tfc �+ Aft �ft + h + tfc �
2 �2 � �2 �
y1 = =
A
2 2 2
bfc t fc3 � t fc � t h3 �h � b t3 � t �
Ix = +�y 1 - � Afc + w + � + t fc - y1 � Aw + ft ft + �y - ft Aft
12 � 2� 12 �2 � 12 � 2 2 � �

tfc tw + dtw + tft bft - tfc bfc - t ft t w


y cpl = =
2tw

( ) ( )
2 2
� t � y cpl - t fc � t � y tpl - tft
Z x = bfc tf c �y cpl - fc �+ tw + bft t f t �y tpl - ft �+ tw
� 2� 2 � 2� 2

hc E
hp Fy
λpw = 2
=
� Mp �
0.54
� - 0.09�
� My �

You might also like