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Homework 3 – Impact test on a cantilever beam

Cristian Antonio Andrei

Homework 3 – Impact test on a cantilever beam

Experimental model data:

P := 0.688⋅ N ( statically applied force at the top of the cantilever )


h := 5.2⋅ cm ( drop height)
4 kN
E := 2.1⋅ 10 ⋅ ( modulus of elasticity )
2
cm
4
I := 45⋅ mm ( inertia)
3
W := 30⋅ mm ( strength modulus )
l := 300⋅ mm ( cantilever length )
lo := 100⋅ mm ( the distance between the fix support and the measurement point)
33
k := ( reduction coefficient for the weight of the cantiver beam)
140
Q := 1.386⋅ N ( the reduced weigth of the cantilever )
µm
εinreg := 159.36⋅ ( the recorded strain, for the statically applied force P)
m
εr := 0.5εinreg

1. Determination of the impact coefficient from the experimental test.

3
W⋅l
∆vexp := ⋅ εr
3⋅ ( l − lo ) ⋅ I

1.5
1
displacement [mm]

0.5
Top vertical

0
-0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
-1
-1.5
-2
-2.5
-3
time [s]

∆v1 := 0.1224

∆v7 := 0.3114

⋅ ln  
1 ∆v1
δ :=  δ = −0.133 ( logarithmic decrement)
7  ∆v7 
δ
ζ := ζ = 0.021 ζ⋅ 100 = 2.123 ( damping ratio )
2 2
4⋅ π + δ

1
βexp :=
2 βexp = 23.561
2⋅ ζ⋅ 1 − ζ
1
Homework 3 – Impact test on a cantilever beam
Cristian Antonio Andrei

2. Determination of the impact coefficient using the formulae form Strength of Materials

3
P⋅ l
∆v := ∆v = 0.655⋅ mm
3⋅ E⋅ I

2⋅ h P
β := 1 + 1+ ⋅
∆v P + k ⋅ Q

β = 11.422

βexp − β
βerror := ⋅ 100 βerror = 51.522 ( percentage )
βexp

3. Displacement at the top using the experimental values

3
W⋅l
∆vexp := ⋅ εr ∆vexp = 2.39 mm
3⋅ ( l − lo ) ⋅ I

100

50
Strain [µm/m]

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
-50

-100

-150

-200
time [s]

4. Identify the natural vibration period of the cantilever acted by the concentrated force P. also,
it is required to verify the experimental quantity with a theoretical obtained quantity.

T=0.07s (natural vibration period, determined graphically)

m
g := 9.80665⋅ ( gravitational acceleration )
2
s
2
Q N⋅s
mass := mass = 0.141
g m

3⋅ E⋅ I kN
k := k = 1.05
3 m
l

mass T = 0.073 s (natural vibration period, determined theoretically)


T := 2⋅ π ⋅
k

2
Homework 3 – Impact test on a cantilever beam
Cristian Antonio Andrei

Experimental test report

Using the experimental equipment shown above, were


determined the impact coefficient and the period of vibration
of a steel cantilever. Using the strain gauges in half bridge
assembly, were determined the strains. Knowing the
geometrical characteristics and the materials characteristics,
was determined the vertical top displacement at each time
instant.

Having the function of the displacement in time, was found


the logarithmic decrement and the damping ratio of the beam
element. Using the theoretical background from the dynamics
of structures, was determined the impact coefficient (dynamic
amplification factor).

The natural period of the beam was found function of the


mass of the cantilever and the stiffness and also graphically,
resulting a negligible difference. However, for the impact coefficient, the difference in between the
two methods is significant, 51% difference.

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