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√ ( )
( )
( )
POWER FORMULA ( )
CASE 2 - (intermediate column)
Formula T N
lb-ft rpm Longitudinal Stress
(HP)
Euler Formula (HP) kgf-m rpm
PINS n=1 (kW) kN-m rpm ( )
FIXED-PIN n=2 lb-in rpm
(HP)
( ) FIXED n=4 Computing for the thickness of the plate,
FREE-FIXED n=1/2
JB Johnson Formula
Ductile [( ) ]
𝜎𝑦 𝐿
* + 𝐵
𝜋 𝑛𝐸
VARIABLE STRESS ANALYSIS If BHN < 400 SHAFT DESIGN
*W/O STRESS CONCENTRATION b) For Cast Steel SHAFT UNDER PURE TORSION
𝑑
𝐾
Soderberg Equation (MyAn, Ductile) 𝐷
c) For Cast Iron
( )
d) For Nodular Iron
Endurance Strength
Axial ( )
Maximum Normal Stress Theory (Brittle)
* ( ) ( ) ( )+
Torsion
( )( )
Bending ( )
Equivalent Bending Moment Equivalent Torque
Vessel TYPES OF VARIABLE STRESSES
* ( )+ 𝑇𝑒 √𝑀 𝑇
1) Reversed
A. For commercial shafting 1) For allowable twist not exceeding 0.08⁰ per ft. length
√
***without keyway***
√ √
B. For line shafts 2) For allowable twist not exceeding 1⁰ per 20D length
√
For English units
Allowance for Keyways
A. For main power transmitting shafts Linear Deflection of Shafting
Maximum Distance
For bending torsion alone: √
1) For shafting subjected to bending action except its own weight
√ Design Considerations
√( ) ( )
1) Determine the force acting on the key
( )
2) Determine the key dimensions
Failure Analysis
3) Hub Fails
( )
Design of Couplings
Failure Analysis
1) Key Fails
a. Shearing
b. Compression
2) Bolt Fails
( )
1. Hp/in of width
[ ]
( )
2. Chain width
3. Length of Chain
( )
WIRE ROPES
( )
( )( )
( )( )
SPRINGS BRAKES CLUTCHES
Cone Clutch
Coil Ends Actual (N) Solid Length Free Length Pure Translation Uniform Pressure (New Clutch) Uniform Wear (Old Clutch)
Plain n nd+d np+d 𝐸 𝑚𝑣 𝑑
( ) [ ] 𝐹𝑎 𝜋𝑃𝑚𝑎𝑥 ( ) 𝐷 𝑑
Ground n nd np
Squared n+2 nd+3d np+3d 𝐷
Pure Rotation 𝐹𝑎 𝜋𝑃𝑚𝑖𝑛 ( ) 𝐷 𝑑
S&G n+2 nd+2d np+2d
( )( ) 𝐹𝑎
( ) 𝐸 𝐼𝜔 𝑇 𝑓( ) (𝑟 )
Mean Diameter of the Coil 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 𝑓
( )[ ] 𝐹𝑎 𝐷 𝑑
Potential Energy ( ) 𝑇 𝑓( )
Combination 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
𝐸𝑃 𝑚𝑔( )
Spring Index Spring Rate of Spring Constant Wear Constant
𝐹
𝑘 Heat to be Dissipated during Braking ( ) ( )
𝛿
𝐻𝐺 𝑚𝐶∆𝑇
Shear Stress on Spring Wahl’s Stress Factor Force to Engage the Clutch 𝐹𝑁 =𝐹𝑎 /𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
𝐶 Braking Torque
𝐾 ( ) ( )
𝐶 𝐶 𝐸 𝐹𝑇 (𝜋𝑑𝑁𝑡)
POWER SCREW
Solving for the Rim Weight
Torque Required to Raise Load by Square Threaded Screws
( )
Kinetic Energy Stored in Flywheel
For Lowering the Load
( )
( ) ( ) °
Contact Ratio
( )
√
Base Pitch
Design of Spur Gears for Wear
( )( )
Base Circle
Dynamic Stress
Backlash