FKA - April 2010 PDF

30000010223000
SOALAN PEPERIKSAAN
SEMESTER DISEMBER
2009/2010
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM
UTM
SOALAN PEPERIKSAAN SEMESTER DISEMBER
2009/2010
BIL KOD MATA PELAJARAN NAMA MATA PELAJARAN MUKASURAT
1
MAB 2363
SYSTEMS THINKING FOR PROJECT MANAGE ...
2
MAB 7023 / MAl 1023
ADVANCED GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS AND DE ...
3
MAB 7033 /MAl 1033
ADVANCED FOUNDATION ENGINEERING
4
MAB 7063 / MAl 1063
DYNAMIC OF SOIL AND FOUNDATION
5
MAB 7073 / MAl 1073
ADVANCED ROCK MECHANICS AND ENG ...
6
MAB 8023 / MAP 1023
ROAD MATERIAL AND EVALUATION
7
MAB 8063 / MAP 1063
PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM
8
MAB 8083 / MAP 1083
TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT AND ANALYS1S
9
MAB 8093 / MAP 1093
TRANSPORT SAFETY
10
MAB 5023 / MAG 1023
ADVANCED HYDRAULICS
II
MAB 5043 / MAG 1043
COASTAL PROCESSES WITH ENGINEERING APP ...
12
MAB 5313 /MAG 1313
WATER SUPPLY ENGINEERING
13
MAB 5323 / MAG 1323
COASTAL STRUCTURES
14
MAB 6013 / MAL 1013
SURFACE WATER HYDROLOGY
15
MAB 6033 / MAL 1033
GROUNDWATER HYRDOLOGY
16
EAB 2153
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
17
EAB 2163
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
18
MAB 9373
PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
19
UAB 0013 PRINCIPLES OF ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT
MAB 23631 I
UTM
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FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER II SESSION 2009/2010
COURSI::: CODE MAB 2363
COURSE SYSTEMS THINKING FOR PROJECT
MANAGEMENT
PROGRAMME MAZ
DURATION 3 I-lOURS
DATE APRIL 2010
INSTRUCTION TO CANDIDATES:
1. Answer Question 1 (Q 1) AND two (2) other questions
2. Please write your answers in the ANSWER BOOKLET provided
WARNING!
Students caught copying/cheating dl/ring the examinotion ll'ill be lioblef(JI'
disciplinorv aclions and Ihefoczilty llIay recommend the I'll/dent to be expelled/mill
the studv
This examination question consists of (7) printed pages only.

MAS 236312
Ql. (a) Using suitable diagrams, brief notes and clear examples, explain how
and where Hard Systems Thinking and Soft Systems Thinking could
be used in project management. Explain the significant differences in
the thinking methods.
(5 markl)
(b) Study the Rich Picture Diagram in Figure 1 downloaded from

http://www.fao.org/sd/2002/1N03.0 I a~lhhlll1. Explain systematically
what are the issues in this diagram?
~v
.!ffi:iro>t~"-"_
·"""b;.1L(oI:iilI.. oliIJlIiCln~ILtJ»'~
~-=----:>~
~---------~-~
FIGURE QI
(15 mark.l)
MAB 236313
(c) Using suitable diagrams, brief notes and examples, propose a
framework that is able to map the various types of situations from
simple to chaotic that are encountered in projects. Illustrate the
differences,
(10 markl)
(d) Using suitable diagrams, brief notes and examples, explain the various
archetypes in the Fifth Discipline and its applications in ,project
management.
(10 marks)
(40 marks)
Q2. Study the following news item in Box Q2,

----~----~--------------~--------
New Straits Times (09-02-2010)
RM680m to upgrade accident-prone road

By P. Chandra Sagaran
IPOH: Frequent fatal road accidents along the Batu Tiga Segari-Changkat Jering federal road I
should be a thing of the past when the stretch is upgraded to a four-lane dual carriageway at a
cost of RM680 million.
The state government has received RM20 million from the Federal Government to begin
initial work, which would be carried out by the Public Works Department soon. Perak
Menteri Sesar Datuk Seri Dr Zambry Abd Kadir said he received a letter from Works
Minister Datuk Shaziman Abu Mansor a week ago stating that the allocation for the project
had been approved under the 10th Malaysia Plan. 'The road is an accident-prone area... many
deaths have taken place along the 60km road.
"At present, the PWD is identifying the alignment of the road. We expect the upgrading
works to start early next year," he said after launching the construction work for the RM38
million Ipoh City Integrated Bus Terminal and Commercial Complex in Bandar Meru Raya
here yesterday. Zambry said he raised the idea of upgrading the road with Prime Minister
Datuk Seri Najib Razak, who then promised to approve the allocation under the 10th
Malaysia Plan.
~J
MAS 236314
He said the state government was also seeking assistance from the Federal Government to
develop the Medan Kidd bus station and turn it into an Ipoh Sentral, similar to KL SentraL as
efforts to upgrade the public transport system in the state. "We are looking at an integrated
transportation hub which wi1l include taxi stands, bus stations and the Ipoh railway station.
The Medan Kidd bus station is located about 200m from the railway station.
The land parcel between the bus station and the rai lway station belongs to several parties
including bus operators, Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad, Perak Malay Chamber of Commerce I
and Perak State Development Corporation.
"We have initiated discussions with all the parties and will need to have further talks before a
final blueprint is made public," he said, adding that KTMB had agreed to the idea. On the
Ipoh City Integrated Bus Terminal and Commercial Complex, he said the operators would
provide inter-state and inter-city services, pointing out that the terminal would later be linked
with the proposed Ipoh Sentral. Zambry said the state government was willing to provide
subsidies to bus companies which were willing to ply routes to small towns which may have
low passenger load. Meanwhile, The Combined Bus Services Sdn Bhd chief executive officer
I
Datuk Hiew Yew Can said the company would acquire 250 new buses for RM 112 mi Ilion to
lElY the routes in the state. ~
BOX 02 Accident-Prone Road Upgrade
(a) Based on the news in Box Q2, construct Causal Loop Diagrams to
capture the situation.
(12 marks)
(b) Using suitable examples and rationale, explain the effectiveness of the
solutions suggested in the news.
(5 marks)
(c) Using scenario-planning technique, provide your own best-case,

normal-case and worst-case solutions to handle the problems from
recurring.
(13 marks)
(30 marks)
MAB 2363[5
Q3. Conduct a Soft System Methodology's conceptual modeling of the situation
stated below in Box Q3. The complete model should comprise of the
following:
(a) Root Cause Definition.
(5 mark!»
(b) CATWOE analysis.
(10 mark!»
(c) Conceptual Activity Model
(10 marks)
(d) Measure of performance.
(5 marh)
(30 marks)
The Star Online (Saturday February 27,2010)
Governing authorities should work towards a construction benchmark
THE REAL ESTATEDBy ANGIE NG
THE need lor a high quality culture to be adopted for all construction projects. whether they
are public or private structures or facilities, cannot be over emphasized, as the people's safety
should be of paramount impol1ance.
The fact that there have been a spate of "problem" projects with structural problems or
cel1ified unfit for occupancy shows that a conscious quality culture is still grossly missing
mnong some industry players.
From faulty infi'astructure projects to poorly constructed public buildings and amenities. the
list includes the collapse of the Kuala Terengganll stadium roof and the roof of the Kuala
Berang express bus and taxi terminal. the RM 18mil Batu Burn" Aquatic Complex and the
RM 123mil Sultan Mahmud Airport terminal. Shoddy workmanship and the lISC of sub
standard building materials have been found to be the major contributor of most of these
failed projects. There is also the issue of proper maintenance and whether these public
structures are periodica]]y maintained to ensure that they are in tip-top condition.
Besides the loss of lives like the three schoolchildren attending the 1Malaysia camp in Kuala
Dipang who drowned after the suspension bridge they werc on collapsed last October. such I
mishaps will also tarnish the image of the country and the whole industry.
MAB 236316
It is impol1ant to ensure that personals of the gov.'en{in g authorities. including the Public II
Works Depariment. are \ve] I equipped and properly trained to ensure they keep abreast of
latest industry standards and needs to conduct th""ir supervisory roll' rcsponsibly, Industry I
practitioners should take it upon themselves to promote a conscious quality culture in all tl\cir I
projects.
There are many benefits that can be reaped from having quality construction standards that
include significantly reducing the incidents of structural and architectural defects. The I
adoption of high international standards in our building and construction projects is a good
platform f(x local players to take their developmcnts international. For a start. industry
players and the governing authorities should work towards a minimum set of quality
standards that need to be adhered to by the building fraternity, including contractors.
Although there is a local quality system. the Quality Assessment System in Construction
introduced by the Construction Industry Development Board since :2006 to evaluate the
quality and workmanship of construction projects in the country. it is not compulsory for the
building II'sternity to adopt thel11.
The adoption of such standards should not be just to win government contracts but to ensure a
strong quality culture prevail among industry practitioners. In Singapore. it is compulsory for
all public amenities and government buildings to adhere to the strict guidelines of the
Construction Quality Assessment System (Conquas).
11s Bui Icling and Construction Authority conducts intensi ve training camps for developers.
contractors. and building engineers, to adopt these stringent quality standards in their projects.
The fact that therc are 47 Malaysian developers and contractors who are adopting Conquas
shows that there are local players that have embraced the quality culture seriously.
It is important to build on this foundation and cast the net wider to include all the industry
players. whether big or small. A poor maintenance culture is also one of the major tlaws in
our society today that has contributed to the poor state of affairs in many of our buildings and
public facilities. To ensure greater durability and sustainability of these f~lcilities. there is a
need to promote a world-class maintenance culture among the people and the relevant
authorities. There is no point having great buildings or projects if they are not properly
maintained.
For those who own strata-titled buildings. it is mandatory for them to makl;' monthly
contribution to a common maintenance fund to ensure the proper upkeep and maintenance of
the common facilities. The maintenance is the responsibility of the joint management body
(1J'v1B), of which owners are members. It is the responsibility of owners to pay the
maintenance fees. Likewise. the respective local councils and authorities should also ensure
that all public facilities are properly maintained to ensure they are safe to the users at all
times.
BOX 03: Construction Benchmark

MAB 236317
Q4. (a) What is meant by the Butterfly Effect? Does it have any influence on
project implementations? How can you manage this effect?
(5 marh)
(b) Using suitable diagrams, brief notes, matrices, and examples, explain
the various steps to be taken to conduct a scenario planning session to
handle complex and chaotic projects.
(10 marks)
(c) Using suitable diagram, matrix and examples, illustrate how all the five
disciplines of Senge's Fifth Discipline can be used to manage
traditional to complex projects.
(J 5 marks)
(30 marks)
MAB 70231 MAl 102311
UTM
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lINIVERsm TEKNOLOGI MAlA\'SIA '
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB7023 1 MA.l 1023
COURSE ADVANCED GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS AND

DESIGN
PROGRAMME MAJ
DURATION 2 HOURS 30 MINUTES
DATE APRIL2010
1. ANSWER FOUR (4) QUESTIONS ONLY. ONE(1) QUESTION FROM
SECTION A. TWO(2) QUESTIONS FROM SECTION BAND ONE(l)
QUESTION FROM SECTION C
WARNING!
Students caught copying/cheating during the examination will be liable for
disciplinary actions and the faculty may reco/limend the student to be expelledFol1l Ii,
the study.

MAB 70231 MAJ 102312
SECTION A
Ql. (a) Briefly discuss the problems of construction on soft ground. How can
this problems being overcome. From your point of view what are the
factors that determine the selection of ground improvement in soft soil
improvisation?
(4 markl)
(b) Explain in detai Is about the manipulation of vertical drain concept in

expediting the settlement process and how this idea does comes into
fruition for soft soil area. Relate your explanation through the analysis
of the vertical drain design.
(4 marks)
(c) The biggest mistakes that engll1eers always do to rehabilitate

settlement problem is by topping up extra layers on settlement ground.
This will further increase the magnitude of settlement and will worsen
the situation. Write a short notes on how to remedy areas having a
settlement problem.
(5 mark!»
(d) For the construction of Main Boulevard embankment in construction

vicinity, a large fill operation is required since Site Investigation shows
that no hard stratum was encountered at a depth of more than 35m. The
N value shows that the significant soft layer with high possibility of
compression is 5.1m. The permanent embankment will cause an
increase in stresses about 70kPa. Generally, the average initial
effective overburden pressure is 95kPa for the area involved. The clay
layer is drained both top and bottom with a Normally Consolidated
behavior having consolidation parameters of:
Cc '= 0.24, eo -==0.81, Cy = 0.44m 2/month.
MAS 70231 MAl 102313
Determine:
i) The primary consolidation caused by the permanent additional
load.
ii) The time required for 90% of pnmary settlement under
permanent additional load only.
iii) Surcharge load needed to eliminate the entire settlement by
precompression technique in 5 month and 7month.
iv) From your point of view why 90% Degree of Consolidation is
used to determine the final resting period.
(12 marks)
(25marks)
_ CeH e (a~ + Lla~)

Se - 1 log
+ eo ao
I
cyt
Ty =
H2
IOglO [1 + LlPp]
U = [(Ty ) = Po
IOglO {1 + Ll;: [1 + i~;]}
To be use when lIpf < 1.6
lIp p
MAS 70231 MAJ 102314
O..-------r----,..----.,.---,-----r----::R
0.2 ~-__+--___r--_+_--_+_-r:.._.r_'7'r-r-t--___l
0.4 1-----+----t----+--/--,L----.f-1'----I--++----t
0.6 l-----+-----t--,i-""7'4--I--i----+l---f--t----t
t:.pw 0.8 l-----+---f-+---f---f---+-,I---+--++---l----t

A ....
WoP(p)
1.0 l-----+-+---++-+--.,f-+---f-.,H----l----t
1.2 l----+-+--.f--ft--+----+-+--+--+----i----t
1.4 t-----+---t+----+--+-r----t----j'--~---+---.....,
1.6 ~_........._-'---'---..........--"---'"---'""""'---~
40 50 60 70 80 90 100
U (%)
FIGURE Ql(i)
MAB 70231 MAl 102315
90
V~
80 /
-..
~
-;:) 70 I
/
~-
c:
~60
0..
v
/
.-E
""0
d 50
/
c
o
/
I
/
/
10
/
o
/
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
Time factor, To
FIGURE OHii)
MAB 7023/ MA.l ]023/6
Q2. (a) What is the difference between Geotextile and Geomembrane? Can
one use a geomembrane as a separator instead of a geotextile beneath a
road? A geotextile of thickness 1.0111111 and mass per unit area of
500gsm is recommended for use at a site. It is not available in the local
and nearby market. A contractor proposed a lower grade material of
same type but having thickness of 0.5ml11 and l11ass per unit area of
250gsm which will be placed on one another as a substitute
recommended geotextile. What is your decision and justification?
(7 marks)
(b) The cost of geotextile is RM45.00/m 2 . We can also use a transition

filter made of soil, 600mm thick. which satisfies the filter criterion.
From the laboratory results a satrisfactory filter can be made from
mixing two local sand (sand A and sand B) with a ratio of 60:40
respectively. The cost of sand A is RM35.00/m 3 and sand B is
RM30.00/m 3 . The cost of mixing is RM75.00/m 3 . Which method will
be more economical in using as a filter.
(6,/lark!,)
(c) A geotextile reinforcement wall 5m high is shown below. For a

granular backfill, 11 = 17.3kN/m3 and ~'I = 36°. For the geotextile, 0C
= 14 kN/m. For the design of wall determ ine Sv. L and I,.
(12 marks)
(25 marks)
MAS 70231 MAJ 102317
Related formulation:
Use initial FS w, = 1.5 and FS(p, = 1.5. Maximum FS 1B ) = 5
S _ °G
v - (Y1 2K a)(FS(B))
(~.-=:~~~ ..-:..... · .. , ' ,.

1
\' .
'.
\
~,
I
. .'
j
~&,.. '
"
I , .'
2.5 m
5m
1t
Granular
backfill
I ~.-
1 I'";'" ; kf"!I'"
l', II
:2.5 m (/'1 = J(l"
FIGURE Q2
MAB 7023/ MAl 102318
SECTION B
Q3. (a) Figure Q3 shows a three point extcnsoll1eter with anchors at 5111 (Point
B), 10m (Point C) and 15m (Point D) from the roof of an excavation,
here given as Point A. Point D is located in a hard stratum. Using the
hypothetical readings shown in Table Q3, interpret the raw
extensometer data and plot the relative displacements of the ground
along the borehole axis.
ROOF
0.k '
A~~Gr~o?~(~ :-J.~ • .• • . +B
S"I /
•• ----,-+.-
•••••••• CB ••••.••••••••••..•••••
FIGURE Q3: Borehole extensometer
ANCHOR A (ROOF) B (5m) C (10m) D (15m)

1-----.-
T=O N/A
27,30 18.75 lOA -
"~ T=7 days N/A I
N/;i
27,53 I 20.01 13.33
I
I T=14 days
I 28.15 I
I 21.14 1~
(11 marks)
(b) What are the common appl ications of borehole extensometer')
(4 marks)
(c) With an aid of a diagram/ sketch. list out other instrumentation

required in TWO of the applications as suggested in (b).
(10 marks)
(2S marks)
MAB 70231 MAJ 102319
Q4 (a) Classify a moist rock mass whose uniaxial compressive strength is 100
MPa. joint spacing is 50 em. joint orientation is very favorable. joint
aperture is 2 mm. The rock core obtained is indicated in Figure I. Use
Rock Mass Rating System as presented in Table 1.
10
..... N
o o 0> ()) o N 0> co o
o o o o o o o
o
3
}1'IGURE Q4: Rock Core
(J2 marks)
(b) What do you understand by stand-up time? Give example based on the
result found in (a).
(4 marks)
(c) Name two other rock mass classification methods used for
underground excavation.
(3 markel)
(d) Define the meaning of New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NAT/vi).

What are the important features involved when using this tunnelling
approach?
(6 marh)
(25 mark!))
MAR 7023/ MAJ 1023111
SECTION C
Q5, (a) (i) "An earth dam is preferred compared to other types of dam".
Discuss the statement.
(ii) During an investigation stage for a dam project, the site

evaluation phase is very important to ensure that the dam will
be safe throughout its design life. Discuss the major elements
that need to be evaluated and why?
(10 marks)
(b) (i) In the design of an earth dam. the slope stability analysis plays
an important role. With aids of diagrams, explain why it is
important to analyse the stability of upstream slope
immediately after the completion of embankment construction
and also when rapid drawdown occurred.
(8 marks)
(ii) For an homogeneous earth dam of 43 m height and 20 0 side

slopes founded on bedrock, analyse whether the dam is safe
against 'partial' rapid drawdown. The core soil has the soil
parameters as follows: cohesion = 22kPa, friction angle = 20 0
and the density = 2.08 Mg/m 3 . State any assumptions made
and give comments on the result obtained.
Morgenstern Stability Charts given in FIGURE Q5 should be
used in the analysis.
(7 marks)
(25 marks)
MAS 70231 MAJ 1023112
~Ix .;;.. ".~ ,..,.....~~-r....,.-.'r-.........I.;.,.

... '"'.' hl-:-f.-: ...,' H'-1H-I-+4..+-+~t-l
. .4:.0 r;.IH-+-+--+++-+:-H ....0· HI:--H'-1-1-1-1~-I.:..4
l-l-Pk:++--1?+ck:lc-l'. ~
k1-t.::>jo-.l--+',:f'"+-..'*=bl4~,
I-~~-I--f~~-I--I--I--l"'o
I--JH::::t~:o-J.-+=+=f::::t=j30·
H--t-rl-+T"t-+4=~,.~,
3b'.
l-t-++-t-:t=t:::¥+-~~o·"
o.HH-I-+,.++++.J-:.-I
0.090' o.203aAOS-" "GI'o., lD'
. • :.i\.n.-k
D"........
c'
(a) yH=O.OI25
&0 .. 1," ,...,r-.--.--~""""""""""-''''''''

.· ..... 5 . ~.5Hf:-l-h,!-.j.-:l-4-+-4-t
~oI-+-HH-++:-+.+-:W . ...or'"'I-....,.~+'-+'-4-+-4-+-f
t :",HH..:-j.-+-+-+4C+-+--o.l
~;. ,..iJ-..:,.....Hf-1Hf-1.....:l~~-J
""
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.f .
~:~~ . .~
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O• •010. -Q.3I~ c..& .. 0. a.. o., 10·
lOf-+l"od-i-~:l-J4.:..J--.J""
t""'c--r.-+,,'k,+-+-+,,~-+:-.;.j~!J.
t-'r"..,t--t-.p*,"~.;bJ,.,.,J~·o·
:r:+=t:t!tj:$!:t~IO·
AD" ...,.....~.\II>QlI....tOI>'.u /p. OD'~ 'Q.J' o~ OA Q.S IU, 0-1" o. ' ,g"
. 'L~-:~I~~~,"fr' .:~rw:~~w~~~!~::* .
{n)~::5:1 .
~=4:1
c'
(b) yH =- 0.025
MAB 70231 MAJ 1023(13
. . . :.: ~ l<ii;~i1I~'!i;~~Q .05

'.P r..-t-t-t=-:-HHH-+-t-i ..... Hh-"i4"'-""~""i··· r ....'···
•.S 1'-'-I-I-I-HHH,-l-+-1 ... HH-+-+-+-f--+-+-+-l
'.0 1-1-f-'-I-HHH'-l-+-1 ... 5.0 ~H-+-+-+-+-+++-i
{ ....S 1-1-1-f'-HHHi-l-+-1 'z'u HH-+-+'-t4-+-+-+-i
.; • .0 I--Hf-I--HH'-7iI-+--f., ! 4:0 P-dH-+.-.+..,.J,4-f--++-l
:; 3.S I-Hf-r-H...,..'j-j1-l4-'l \ ····Hr-.d-+;-':,+-.1.0-+-.;;f-++-l
1
1 ~.o .l' fl.D NH~d-+-+-I'''''+-i
;: .;t.1I 'l:r-..:.:~.. f.:"".i:,--'+'-'.+-1-1-1<-,1-1-,1
z.o~ , __ .
i!" 1"-...... ....~. : f'
I.' ~':' HN-.;..::"'
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. o~ ....,," •• 'l.~
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~~ .~
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!.".":~.••' ,;
. ~.~_!I
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a
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1·0 \;0 r'-I'-+-+-+-+++++-1.

0.5 .. .... g:. H-+-+-+-++-+-++,
(c) L 0.05
yH
FIGURE Q5: Morgenstern Stability Charts for Rapid Drawdown Analysis

of Homogeneous Earthfi II Dam
MAB 7033/MAJ 103311
UTM
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liNiVERSiTi TE~NOLOGI MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 7033/ MAJ 1033
COURSE ADVANCED FOUNDATION ENGINEERING
PROGRAMME MAJ
DATE APRIL 2010
I. ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.
2. STUDENTS ARE ALLOWED TO BRING INTO EXAMINATION HALL A
PIECE OF A4 SIZE PAPER THAT IS WRITTEN WITH FORMULATION
AND SHORT NOTES RELATED WITH THE SUBJECT.
WARNING!
Students caught copying/cheating during the examination will be liable/or
disciplinary actions and the/acuity may recommend the student to be expelled/i'om
the study.

MAB 70331 MAl 1033 \2
SECTION A:
Ql. (a) Two classical significant methods of shallow foundation analyses were
adopted from Terzaghi and Meyerhof. Explain the different between
both analyses and determine some of the advantages and disadvantages
of using each of the method.
(8 marks)
(b) Generally foundation failure can be group into three categories. With
the aids of a diagram, explain the failure terms and how they are
identified as mentioned by Vesic.
(8marks)
(c) It has been recognized that the undrained shear strength of the clay
stratum may be divided into two strata. The upper one is having a
thickness of 1.5m and cohesion of 70kPa while the second layer has a
constant cohesion of 40kPa. If the foundation is lay at a depth of O.9m
below ground level, what is the allowable load for a factor of safety 3?
Assume pile to be 1.5m x 1.5m. Soil Unit Weight = 18kN/m 3•
i'/"
10 r----.-----r---,--r---,,-=---::---,,~__.
,j
o "'------L...------.L_---.l.-_L-_ _--L-_ _--.J

0.4 0.8 1 2 2.0
(I»)
FIGURE Ql
(9 marks)
(25 marks)
MAS 7033/MAJ 103313
02. (a) A pile is used when the layer of soil beneath a foundation is inadequate
to support the load from the structure. Interpret in your own words, the
philosophy of the pile design.
(6 marks)
(b) An industrial structure with high column load is to be constructed on a

very soft alluvial flood plain deposit. A review of geological literature
indicates that there is a layer of hard clay at a depth of 30m below
ground level. A pile foundation is recommended. Which type of pile
should be considered and why?
(7 marks)
(c) A soil profile beneath construction site is as follows:
Depth (m) Soil Type Undrained Shear a

Strength,
Su (kPa)
0-2.5 Stiff Silty Clay 80 0.6
2.5 - 6.7 Soft Clay 15 1.0
6.7-15.1 Medium Clay 30 0.75
15.1 23.0 Stiff Clay 100 0.5
Develop a plot of allowable downward load capacity against depth for

a 350mm square concrete pile. Consider pile embedment depths
between 5m and 20m and use factor of safety of 3. What can you
conclude from the finding?
(i2 marks)
(25 marks)
MAS 7033/MAJ 103314
SECTION B
Q3. (a) Based on the soil strata given In Figure Q3. explain the suitable
construction method for drilled shaft foundation.
(5 marks)
(b) One of the main columns of a tower is to carry a load of 8MN. Based
on the soil profile and the dimension of the shaft foundations shown in
Figure Q3, estimate the net ultimate load taking into consideration both
the base and skin resistance. Comment on the factor of safety achieved.
(i5 marks)
(c) Evaluate the design of drilled shaft foundation based on the factor of
safety if the skin resistance is ignored.
(5 marb)
(25marks)
Information:
For Sand For Clay
Qp(neJ = A p q '(co N q * - f)
Take (0= 0.82

Take a*= 0.7
Nq *= O.2fe OI7rj/ qp = ell N c *
N c *= f.33[(ln I,) + f}
j; = K cr' tan 8 I, = E s / 3 eu
K=l-sin¢'
c'i = 0.75 ¢'
MAB 7033/MAI 103315
8MN
i,'"
Sand
1.6m
12m
8= 0.7 ~
FIGURE Q3 : Drilled Shaft Foundation
Q4. (a) Propose a type of cofferdam to provide a dry working area in a stream
of Srn width. State the advantages of the cofferdam chosen.
(b) Design the width of a cellular cofferdam, diaphragm type, as shown in

Figure Q4 to satisfy the factor of safety against sliding and
overturning.
(15 marks)
MAS 7033/MAJ 103316
(c) Discuss the factors that contributed to increase the stabil ity of a
cellular cofferdam
(5 marks)
(25 marks)
Information for Cofferdam
I) FOS (Sliding) = (Pf! + FJI P

Where P is the total lateral pressure
Pp = passive pressure
F( = Frictional resistance = W tan ¢
2) a) Resistance to overturning by checking the position of resultant weight.
The overturning moment Mo due to the lateral pressure P is
Mo=Py
Where y is the point of application of P above the base
The resisting Moment Mr due to reaction at the base is
Ai, = We ceo yHBe
When Mo=Mr , we have
e = Py / yHB
":. ..... ,;..... -:.~ .:::.

:Z~W,;,. 18kN/m'
~:.~
q:.
... - ...
\7
.....
\7 2m r
~~:~~~~~~:=~=-- -r·······
water
16m 6m
Ys" = 19kN/ni
Excavated area
'\, .-~
~~h.
r
o
-:,::::,::,
Sand, <jl =35,:~m:
•••• ~., Ysal = 18.5 kN 1111 3
~~~~~~~%~~~%~:.'A~~~~m~~~i ~ ~~
...
B
FIGURE Q4: Diaphragm Cellular Cofferdam

MAS7063/MAl 106311
UTM
1- .lLl.IIf\ (It
CI'd] I n:::ihITdl:!
UNlVERSm TEKNOLOGI MALAVSIA
I,
I' FINAL EXAMINATION
SEMESTER II, SESSION 2009/2010
COURSE CODE MAS 7063/MAl 1063
COURSE DYNAMIC OF SOIL AND FOUNDAnON
PROGRAMME MAl
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER FIVE (5) QUESTIONS ONLY.
2. AT LEAST ONE (1) QUESTION SHOULD BE CHOSEN FROM EACH
SECTION.
WARNING!
Students cought copying/cheating during the examination will be liablefor
disciplinary actions and the/acuIty may recommend the stltdent to be expel1edji-071l
the study.
This examination question consists of(17) printed pages only.

MAB7063/MAJ I 06312
SECTION A
Ql. A weight of 5 kg is supported by 2 springs connected in series and a dashpot.

The dashpot has a damping constant of 0.15 kg/sec. The two springs have
constant k j and k2 of 8 kg/cm and 25 kg/cm respectively. This IDOF system is
in free vibration with an initial displacement of2.5 cm and initial velocity ofO.
(a) Determine the damping ratio and find the damped and undamped natural
frequencies of the system.
(5 mark.l,)
(b) Determine the logarithmic decrement for the vibration.

(5 marks)
(c) Determine the time to reach equilibrium if the displacement of the system is
givenbyz(t ) =e -IJIV" (C'

I C
IS1nw"f+ 2COSW"f
)
(5 marb)
(d) Determine the negative amplitude of displacement and the time at which the
amplitude is reached.
(5 marks)
(20 marks)
MAB7063IMAJ1063!3
Q2. (a) Describe the advantage of seismIC refraction method as compared to

seismic reflection method in geophysical exploration. How would you
know if a ground water table is encountered in a seismic refraction test?
How would you determine the position of the ground water table?
(12 marks)
(b) Electrical resistance varies significantly enough among different types of

soil and rock materials to allow identification of specific types if their
resistivity are known. What field and laboratory tests were developed based
on this principal. Would you rate the methods as good for determining the
dynamic properties of soil?
(8 marks)
(20 marks)
MAB7063/MAJI063!4
SECTION B
Q3. A machine foundation is subjected to a horizontal vibration force by the machine

as shown at FIGURE 03.1 to cause both sliding and rocking vibration. The
maximum horizontal vibration force is 2 kN. Mass moment inertia around axis
of rotation is 500 kN-m-sec 2 .Total weight of foundation and machinery system
is 14 kN. The machine is working at a frequency of 300 rpm. Soil has a unit
weight y and poison ratio. ~L of 18.2 kN/m 3 and 0.3, respectively. However. the
shear modulus is measured using cyclic plate load test as shown in FIGURE
~. If the area of plate utilized for the test was 3.14 ft2. Determine:
. (l-p)C ~
(a) Shear modulus, G of the s01l where G =
2.26
z V Aplate and Cz = Soq
(5 marks)
(b) Maximum displacement due to horizontal and rocking vibration.
(10 marb)
(c) Maximum displacement due to couple horizontal and rocking vibration.
(5 marb)
(20 marks)
MAB7063/MAJ I 06315
Center line
I
I
I
I
I
I
I 2.5 m
Fa I
--,~--.,." J
/
/
/
/
2.5 m /
/i-/ ----------1/
4.0 m
FIGURE 03.1
q(lb/ft 2 )
600 -
400
200 --
o 002 004 s. (in)
FIGURE 03.2
MAB7063/MAJI 06316
SECTION C
04. (a) The description of an earthquake occurred in a nearby Sumatra region is as

follows:
Location: Sumatra. Indonesia

Mechanism: Subduction Earthquake Event
Focal depth: 70 km
Moment magnitude: 9.0
(i) If the distance of Kuala Lumpur from the epicenter (R) is about 550
km, determine the peak ground acceleration, a max (at bedrock level) at
Kuala Lumpur, using the Atkinson & Boore (1997) attenuation
relationship as follows (the symbols have the usual meanings):
In am ax = 1.84] + 0.686(M w-6) - 0.123(M w-6)2 -- In(rhvP) -- 0.00311R
(ii) Based on the results obtained in (i) above, please give your opinion on
the effect of that earthquake to the buildings and structures in Kuala
Lumpur area.
(10 marks)
(b) The slope shown in FIGURE Q4 is intersected by a 3 cm-thick seams of

clayey material. The characteristics ofthe materials are given in the figure.
Determine:
(i) the minimum pseudostatic factor of safety if a "catastrophic"

earthquake were to occur and
(ii) the yield acceleration.

(10 marks)
(20 marks)
MAS 7063/MAJ 1063\7
I- 15 m
l
15 m
Seam materials:
c = 12 kN/m 2
Intact material: ~~O
c = 60 kN/m 2 y = 17 kN/m
3
~=O
3
y = 19.4 kN/m
FIGURE Q4
(Not to Scale)
MAB7063/MAJ! 06318
Q5. (a) With aids of diagrams, explain how an epicenter of an earthquake is

located.
(5 marks)
(b) FIGURE Q5(i) shows the subsoil profile at Kawagishi-cho in Niigata.

Japan. The groundwater table is at a depth of ].5 m below ground surface.
The medium sand and medium fine sand have less than 5 % fines with the
unit weight of the soil above water table is ] 8.3 kN/m 3 and be low water
3
table] 9.8 kN/m .
The SPT-N data shown in FIGURE Q5(i) are the uncorrected N values.
Assume the hammer efficiency, Ern of 0.6 and a boring diameter of 100
mm, and the length of drill rods is equal to the depth of SPT test below
ground surface. If an earthquake with moment magnitude of 8.2 occurred,
resulting a peak ground acceleration ofO.25g at the site:
(i) Calculate the factor of safety against liquefaction (FSL) and plot the
graph of FSL versus depth at 3.5m, 7.5m, ]4.5m and ]9.5m depth.
Comment on the results obtained.
(ii) Determine the factor of safety against liquefaction at 3.5 In depth if a
surcharge of 60 kPa is to be applied at the ground surface. Please
comment on the effect of having surcharge to the FSL.
FIGURES Q5(ii), ~ and TABLE Q5 are to be used in solving the

problem.
(15 marks)
(20 marks)
MAB7063/MAJl063!9
()eoP1h!SOll tSo
f
SP1 N· ·lGll.f;' I Cy::l c. s~r't'rgtt-' •
( rn'
! ~ )'pp p-ottlt> 1 :;. ?C 30
------'
40i (:1 1)-2
" '.)Ur~:Jceo ><
...M50\
t ... , f\ I
.
}
! Mf"rlu/'T'l I
f' .J
I
~a'ld
I
l
I - ~ '1'1
"
/ '
WO'tll r
!
J
, tr·
~
I
\ ,l :able ~J
f ,
1
"
'\ ,
,•.r",. 1
I)
Mt"lJ urn '-1'
l. ,
Kawcgi$hl - ,:hO
.
"
NII~(l1C1
A
t ,
I ~
~--_.,-,.~.
r··,-·J
~ \
"
sand \ !
\.
!
I \, \
i
I
I
f! ri \ \, \
(
\
'~.
I
I
1r
10
1
J..... ,~
t'1'
I f
I
~/
>: LQ~9@'
dh:m~t ..
J\: ,
; ).
!l
! ......<:Ii \,JrT' 1 1 I
~~p~pr
.~
'r'
I 1, 1 .
-" l
15 I•
+in4L'
sand
!
!J
j
........
.---....
'~
I ~
Ostf'rbt'rg I
~,)"n
~omplf'r
~ j " I
.-
.1)
I
I
I
I I
I r- .,..--...-'
".-.
I
j I I I
4
I .J
r A
I
i
.....
--- --
!
I
.~ ,.-,-~
-. !
20 j ~
"- f
_
w
~
J
FIGURE Q5(i) Subsoil profile. Kawagishi - Cho. Niigata. Japan (Ishihara. 1985)
MAB7063/MAJ 1063110
Stress Reduction Coefficient, (d

0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
Or--~~----r----'-.,.....-..,----------r--~---'---"""""---~
!J
II i
! Average values //1 /
-_._-+---~ -i~ by Seed & . 1·-

5
L
//1 I
Idriss (197~/~/;? /?
E
10
Avera~e values oy --' ;/~ - ';/

ldriss (1999) / //! I I
_ / i I
20
25
FIGURE Q5(jj) Reduction Factor, rd versus depth below ground level or gently
sloping ground surfaces (Andrus and Stokes, 2000)
MAB7063/MAJl063 I II
0.6 r-----------~~
. .,..J-------
• o
PerCH'! fines." 35 15
05 r
I
I
,
I
I
,
, I ,
I
,
04 I
I
... I
I
,
J I
I
I
I I
I
,
I
•
i
03
• •
•
•
02
'....'afglt'ldl No
0.1 liquefaction Liqu"fachln LIn LJf.tt(le~iOr~
• o
•
....
<> o
b,
o
o 10 20 30 40 50
FIGURE Q5(iii) Plot used to determine the cyclic resistance ratio for clean and
silty sands for M = 7.5 earthquakes (Seed et aI, 1985)
MAB7063/MA] J 063112
T ABI~E Q5 Magnitude Scaling Factor
lISC)
71 J1
! . !OJ
6'/4 1.13
6 1.32
51,~ 1.50
Q6. (a) The occurrence of a large magnitude of earthquake normally resulted with
the effects such as surface rupture, regional subsidence, liquefaction, slope
movement and many others. On 26th December, 2004, an earthquake
occurred in Sumatra had created a devastated result due to a phenomenon
called "tsunami". With the aid of diagrams, explain what is "tsunami" and
describe how it occurred by referring to the type of plate boundaries and the
thermomechanical equilibrium of the earth.
(10 marks)
(b) A proposed 9 m height cantilever concrete retaining wall, with unit weight
2
of 24 kN/m 3 is to be constructed on an existing soil with 50 kN/m
cohesion, 19° friction angle and 18.2 kN/m 3 unit weight, as shown in
FIGURE 06. The backfilled soil is a clean sand with 32° friction angle
and unit weight of 19 kN/m 3 . The friction angle between the concrete wall
(and concrete base) with the soil is 30°. Using the pseudostatic method from
Mononobe and Okabe, calculate the sliding factor of safety of the retaining
wall as a result of an earthquake that triggers a peak ground acceleration of
0.35g. State any assumptions made and give your comment on the result
obtained.
(}O marks)
(20 marks)
MAB7063/MAJI063 I I"
~O.5+-
9111
1~ ~- 2.5 m --1 ---L

0.6 111 l I 0.5 m
r I~..~- 4 111 _ _~I i-~~~~C-C-~-'/

E---
FIGURE Q6
(Not to Scale)
MAB7063/MAJl063 1 14
I
FORMULA
(i) Liquefaction
Factor of Safet~ =
eRR
CSR
CSR = r ~"
(J" ,0
= 0.65r" [(J",IO
(J"
II Qm''-j'
,o)\ g
Standard penetration test N value. corrected for lield testing procedure:
Where.
Em hammer efficiency (0.6 for safety hammer. 0.45 for doughnut hammer)
Cn borehole diameter correction:
1.0 for 65mm-115mm diameter borehole
1.05 for 150mm diameter borehole
1.15 lor 200mm diameter borehole
rod length correction:
0.75 for up to 4m drill rod
0.85 lor 4m to 6m drill rod
0.95 for 6m to 10m drill rod
1.0 for dri II rod in access of 10m
0.5
C ._ 100
Where.
N - [ (J"'l'iJ )
(ii) Slope Stability

Pseudostatic Factor of Safety:
FS = resisting force = cl ab + [(W-F v ) cos~-Fhsin~] tan¢
driving force ( W - Fl ,) sin ~ + Fh cos ~
(iii) Retaining Wall
(Mononobe and Okabe

Method
- p"1e acts at HI] above
the base of the wall)
Factor of Safet: for Sliding (with earthquake effect) :
N Ian 0 +
FS =
lJ,
MAB7063/MAJ 10631 15
OJ;==klm OJ" ==OJn~l-D"
D==_C_
2fb~
z .
~
,;:.,
171/
.
e
2 1[ Dn ~
(Vd
5=; 1n(:'' ' Im; )
where n = j-i
!H;
Mode of
Mass (or Inertia) Damping Damping Ratio Spring Constant
Vibration
Ratio Coefficient c K
D:=c=
,\rK111
1----_.
,
Vertical
._1-\' 1ll
B
l
.-~-~
4 .<
( :=~.4(~.'\/I'·G D
l
,
K·-
)-.
;"(10') Z J \/Ez
--------t------------f-----------
Horizontal
17-n} ill 4.6·' ro)" 0,.288 32 l-·:iG·w
K..' X : = - - - -
Bx - - - - - - ex - - - - ~l(J Dx "- ,_
Sliding
~ ~:' 1 - , ) "', (<J)3
"',/Bx
-- 8·.
-------+---------j--------
Rocking 0.8 (10/

0.1'
-
\,' := t'.& l n.1 r
l
D' :~_.
3 ( 1- .:)
(1+' 1
I - - - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - f - - ..
--------r------
I
Torsional 05 i
=~''lI''G D .--
1(i (, ;' 10)
('.
> i fOl 1- 2 1< 1+-2'
I :
MAB7063/MAJI 063116
bO
10
.1
jla
o
2
;;;
IT
CD
UJ
o
0...
Vl
CD
a:: 0.5
Trans!. :
R= ITI,_ e
0.2 rn
R= m" ell
0.1 I
/ Rotat. :
I
lJ 0.2 OA lU, O.K 1') 1.4 ) J, 1.1'\ 2.4

f/fn
(8) F rn~ ew"' Slnwt
MAB7063/MAJ 1063/17
20
III
.'-'
1
01{
(" <;."
"
[1,1
0 0 2 (l 1 () f, Ok I "
I ,'I I h I ;>-;
f/fn
(A) F = F o Sin wt
MAB 7073 / MAlI 0731
UNrVERSlTi TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 7073/MAl 1073
COURSE ADVANCED ROCK MECHANICS AND

ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
PROGRAMME MAl
DATE 05 APRIL 2010
THIS EXAM PAPER CONS ITS OF TWO SECTIONS; SECTION A (Ql to Q3) and
SECTION B (Q4 to Q7). YOU ARE REQUIRED TO ANSWER ALL THE
QUESTIONS FROM EACH SECTION. PLEASE USE SEPARATE ANSWERING
BOOKLET FOR EACH SECTION.
WARNING!
Students caught copying/cheating during the examination will be liable for disciplinary
actions and the faculty may recommend the student to be expelledfrom the study.

MAB 7073 / MAT 107312
SECTION A (Engineering Geology)
Answer all questions (Q1 to Q3) from this section.
Ql You are assigned to assess a project on piling works in a bedded sedimentary

rock. Propose relevant procedures that you should observe right from soil
investigation stage until project completion in this type of rock? Focus your
discussion on classification of weathering zones, weathering profile, rock mass
classification and expected engineering problems.
(16 marks)
Q2 The existence of boulders is common in granitic area. Discuss how the existence
of these boulders below ground surface can be identified by using the following
exploration methods?
(a) Geophysical method (seismic refraction and resistivity survey)

(7 marks)
(b) Borehole exploration (substrata wash boring)

(7 marks)
(14 marks)
MAB 7073 / MAll 0731 3
Q3 The excavation work for a project site was found to be very costly and not
productive by using a ripper machine. It was noted that this is due to the
excavation was undertaken on highly weathered GRANITE of Zone 4. Answer
the following questions?
(a) Discuss the related issues that lead to the high cost, such as typical features
of granitic rock, existing discontinuities and suitability of ripping for this
rock
(10 marks)
(b) Outline relevant recommendations to reduce the excavation cost, such

alternative method and procedure of the excavation work
(10 marks)
(20 marks)
MAB 7073 / MAll 073 14
SECTION B (Rock Mechanics)
Answer all questions (Q4 to Q7) from this section.
Q4 Figure B 1 shows series of rock samples being tested under compression. Some of
the samples display fracture/weakness planes at different orientation with respect
to loading axis, as shown in (i) to (v). Answer the following questions
D D D D D
DBEJ[I]G
D D D D D
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)
Figure B 1: Loading of intact and jointed rock samples
(a) Which two (2) rock samples will exhibit almost similar UeS?
(l mark)
(b) Between sample (iii) and (iv), which sample will display a lower strain
atfailure?
(l mark)
(c) Between sample (iii) and (iv) which one will display a lovver DeS?
(l mark)
MAB 7073 / MAJ 10731 5
(d) Between sample (iii) and (v). which sample will display a lower UeS?
State a brief reason for your answer
(3 marks)
(e) During compression test on Sample (i). both axial and radial strains were
monitored and measured using strain gauges. The resulting stress and
strain data are shown in Table B 1 below.
Table B 1: Stress and strains data for Sample (i)

,-----
Axial strain (%)_ ~ad ia. strain =
~eSS(MPa)
~ 0.0
0.5
0.000
0.001
--+---
I
0.000
-----_.
0.000
('%)
8.0 0.011 -0.001

18.8 0.028 -0.004
---------
-+
---
32.0 0.054 -0.008
38.1 0.066 -1 -0.010 -
-~
44.7 0.081 -0.012
I 51.8
59.8
0.096
0.113
+- -0.014
-0.017
67.8 0.128 -0.021
L --
Plot the stress-strain curves for this rock sample?

(4 marks)
(£) Based on the plotted curves, calculate the average/tangent Young's

modulus and Poisson's ratio of the sample, at 50 % DeS?
(4 marks)
(14 marks)
MAB 7073 / MAJ 1073 1 6
QS In situ rock is always discontinuous in nature and as such. it is important to assess

the degree of fracturing in this rock so that its mass strength can be eval uated.
One of the basic approaches in this assessment is Rock Quality Designation
(RQD). In the absence of core samples for direct calculation of the RQD. it can
also be estimated from volumetric joint count .Iv. Answer the following questions
(a) Figure B2 shows cross-section of 1 m 3 of an exposed rock body which

displays 3 distinctive joint sets. Based on lv, calculate the RQD for this rock
body along horizontal line m - n? Given: RQD = 115 - 3.3 lv
(4 marks)
(b) If the average DeS of rock samples obtained from the rock mass shown in
Figure B2 is 100 MPa, based on the RQD and Figure B3, estimate the safe
bearing pressure (SBP) for this rock mass?
(2 marks)
(6 marks)
MAB 7073 / MAl 1073\ 7
1000 mm
~.-----------------.
J \ '" \ J
, I \;' \1
\ I \ / .. /;'
\ I ",< 1\ ;'
\
\
I
/
/ \
\
I
1/ \
>/
\
/
//I \
\ /
'"
I
\
\
> I \/'" I \
n
m- -/-\-----". -- --- 10---
;'
'" \ \: /
;'\ \ v.
/'
I ;' \ I /
,I' / \1 /
\ ;' /
I y' l /
1/ '" \ )'1
• \ / I \
.. \ V I \
.. ~ \ ",I' J \
550mm
330 mm 310 mm
450mm 380mm
Figure B2: 1 m3 rock body with 3 distinctive joint sets
100 4 8 12
Safe Bearing
UCS (MPa) 25 1 3 5 Pressure,
SBP (MPa)
10 0.2 1 2
RQD (%) 25 70 90
Fracture spacing (mm) 60 200 600
Figure B3: Safe Bearing Pressure - based on Des & fracturing state
MAB 7073 / MAll 073IS
Q6 Figure B4 shows a circular tunnel of 3 m radius (R) excavated at 300 111 below
ground surface. At this depth. the surrounding rock mass exhibits value of
Poisson's ratio (v) of 0.25 and unit weight (y) of 27 kN/m 3 . [Note: Assume no
major discontinuities and tectonic stresses in the rock mass to induce anisotropy.
and hydrostatic state of stress is applicable].
H = 300m
Figure B4: Circular tunnel at 300 m depth
To monitor the construction induced stress in the tunnel walls. Talbot's cells are
installed around the tunnel. At one particular section along the tunnel length,
series of Talbot cells are installed at orientation 8 == 90° from the vertical axis of
the tunnel, but the depths is varied from r = R to r= 4R from the tunnel centre.
The locations of the Talbot's cells in the tunnel wall are shown in Figure B5,
2 2 4 4
[Given: as = 112 (a v+ a H) (l + R /r ) - 112 (a v- a H) (l + 3R /r ) cos 281
MAB 7073 I MAll 073\9
R
Talbot's cell
r=2R
r=3R
Figure B5: Orientation and depths of Talbot's cells
Answer the following questions
(a) Calculate vertical stress 0y acting on the tunnel at this depth?

(l mark)
(b) Based on the 0y and v at this depth, calculate horizontal stress 0H acting on
the tunnel?
(2 marks)
(c) Based on the information given and the value of 0y and 0H obtained,
calculate the tangential stress 08 occurs in the tunnel walls at inclination 8 =
0
90 and at depth r = R, r = 2R and r = 3R m, i.e. where the Talbot cells are
installed?
(6 marks)
(d) Plot the calculated tangential stresses in (c) above versus the corresponding
depth, in terms of ratio r/R?
(6 marks)
MAB 7073 / MA.T 1073110
(e) Based on this plot, verify the approximate depth (m) into the tunnel walls,
beyond which. the prevailing 00 is approaching the value of 0v?

(2 marks)
(f) If rock-bolts were to be installed around this tunnel for stabilising the
fractured rock in the yield zone, state the minimum length of the bolt? (Note:
Take the designed bond-length of bolt to be imbedded in the undisturbed
zone is 1000 mm)
(3 marks)
(20 marks)
Q7 Two circular tunnels of radius R I = 4 m and R2 = 2 m is proposed in jointed rock

mass as shown in Figure B6. The depth below ground surface (H) for both tunnels
is 500 m. Answer the following questions
Figure B6: Circular shape tunnel in jointed rock mass

MAB 7073 / MAll 07311
(a) If instability of both tunnels is mainly due to the presence of the joint sets,
discuss why the tunnel with radius 2 m is more stable?
(2 marks)
(b) If the effect of the vertical stress (O"y) is the most critical to the stability of both
tunnels, state one design option (excluding stabilisation method!) to improve
their stability?
(2 marks)
(c) If only radial stress O"r is acting on both tunnels, explain why the smaller
circular tunnel (R = 2 m) exhibits a higher capability to sustain the radial
stress?
(3 marks)
(d) Propose one most suitable rock reiJ1(orcemenl method to stabilise the highly
jointed rock mass surrounding these tunnels? Explain briefly how the selected
method helps to strengthen the jointed rock mass?
(3 marks)
(10 marks)
MAB 8023/MAP 1023 I 1
UTM
Lleulf\ "f
CIn] Ejj~lfltt't1l1"
UNfVE~sm TEKNOLOGI MALAVSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 8023/MAP 1023
COURSE ROAD MATERIAL AND EVALUATION
PROGRAMME MAP
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
2. USE SEPARATE ANSWER BOOK FOR SECTION A and B
3. NO REFERENCE IS ALLOWED
':;" . '3'~~=c . '"'' WARNING!

Students caught copying/cheating during the examination >1Ii!! be liable/or disciplinary
actions and the/acuIty may recommend the student to be expelled/rom the study.

MAB 8023/MAP 1023 I 2
SECTION A
Q1. (a) Draw a schematic diagram of the weight-volume of hot miX asphalt
mixture.
With the information below, determine all the volumetric properties and
mass quantities as indicated in your weight- volume diagram.
Bulk Specific Gravity of Compacted Mix= 2.325
Maximum Specific Gravity for Mix= 2.520
Specific Gravity for Asphalt Cement = 1.03
Percentage of Asphalt Cement= 5%
Bulk Specific Gravity for Aggregate= 2.640
(15 marks)
(b) Discuss what problems may occur if the value for VTM, VMA and VFA,
stability and flow is higher or lower than reasonable range.
(10 marks)
(25 marks)
Q2. (a) List out four different types of asphalt binder rheological test in Superpave
asphalt binder testing and discuss the purpose of each test.
(8 marks)
(b) There are four types of gradations. With the aid of proper sketch discuss
each type of gradations, its advantages and disadvantages.
(I7 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 8023/MAP 1023 I 3
SECTIONB
Q3. (a) Outline good maintenance goals and strategies for highways and roads.
Discuss and also indicate with charts how maintenance expenditure affect
road user costs which include vehicle operating cost, travel time and
accident cost.
(15 marks)
(b) Explain and relate with several graph sketches how deflection
measurements during the cumulation of standard axles on the pavement
usage determine the pavement overlay thickness.
(10 marks)
(25 marks)
Q4. (a) The friction coefficient between vehicle tyres and pavement surface is a
major factor which affect the skid resistance. Show how macrotexture,
microtexture of pavement surface and tyre thread play their parts in various
situations such as low speed, high speed, wet surface and dry surface.
(15 marks)
(b) Give detail explanations on several alternatives that can be used to solve
the problems oflow skid resistance of pavement surfaces for asphalt and
concrete pavements.
(10 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 8063/MAP 106311
UTM
1'.1[1111\ 'if
C1\ i1 I: nZI [H;;.cttn;:
UNIVERSlT1 TEKNGLOGI MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 8063/MAP 1063
COURSE PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM
PROGRAMME MAP
DATE APRIL 2010
I. ANSWER ALL FOUR (4) QUESTIONS
WARNHvGI
disciplinary actions and the faculty may recommend the student to be expelledji-om
the study.
MAB 8063/MAP 1063 \ 2
QI. a) What is meant by the term "ba lance transportation ". How can a city provide th is
balance with examples.
(10 marks)
b) A bus route having eight stops has the following number of passengers alighting
and boarding the bus.
Stops Alighting Boarding

0 23
2 3 5
3 5 7
4 6 3
5 8 4
6 7 2
7 12 10
8 13 0
Passengers boarding and alighting the front door. Alighting time I passenger = 1.8
sec. and boarding time I passenger = 3 sec. Compute the dwell time at each stop,
the total dwell time and minimum headway between buses. What are the factors
affecting dwell time.
(15 marb)
(25 marks)
MAB 8063/MAP 106313
Q2. a) One of the approaches in encouraging the general public to travel using public
transportation is through modal and terminal integration. How convinced are you
with these approaches. Give some examples of the facilities to support your
arguments.
(10 marks)
b) Develop a bus operational plan for a radial route so that good coordination is
established for bus passengers on routes BC and CD assuming policy terminal time
for both routes at both ends are 12 minutes. Summarized your result according to
the following information;
• Headway.
• Cycle time.
• Terminal time.
• Bus number and speed.
Route B-C Route C-D

Length 14 km 12 km
Operating time 35 minutes 30 minutes
Passenger load 550/hr 450/hr
Bus capacity 45 45
Policy headway 15 minutes 20 minutes
(15 mark.';)
(25 marks)
MAB 8063/MAP 106314
Q3. a) Transit system characteristics can be classified in four categories. Explain in detail
what are they and how you classified them in term of its performance.
(10 marks)
b) Construct a bus schedule based on the running time given below. Headway are
30 minutes and minimum layover time are 8 minutes at each end or 10 percent of
the running time (total both layover) . whichever is greater. The first bus C to 0
should leave at 6:00 A.M. The schedule should cover the time block from 6:00
A.M to 12:00 noon.
Segment Travel time (min)
C-O 20
D-E 15
E-F 40
F- E 38
E-D 18
D-C 22
(15 marks)
(25 marks)
:viAB 8063/MAP 106315
04. a) The profitability of public transportation is normally affected by the staff - vehicle
ratio and the level of service of its operations. Discuss the above statement and offer
some suggestions on how to improve the staff-vehicle ratio and level of service.
(10 marks)
b) A bus route on a city street is schedule for 2 minutes headways. On average 8

passengers per bus board at a particular stop and 9 passengers alight. All boarding
passengers use the front door, but 3 al ighting passengers use the front and the rest
used the back door. Fare collection is a single coin. Time to open and close door is
3.5 sec. Assume clearance time is 15 scc and the maximum allowable probability of
bus queuing is 7.5% . The stop is a nearside stop at an intersection with g/C ratio of
0.5 . How many loading areas are required?
(15 marks)
(25 marks)
MAS 8063/MAP 1063/6
LIST OF FORMULAS AND TABLES
Where:
Bbb=I!).aximum number of buses per berth per hour (buseslh),

Bs=m~ximum number of buses per bus stop per hour,
~ =etfective green time per signal cycle (1.0 for stop not at signalized
inters¢ction)
te=clefuance time between successive buses (s),
td=av~rage dwell time (s),
Za=o*-tail normal variate corresponding to probability that queues will form
I
behinii bus stop,
Cv=ccjefficient of variation of dwell time.
td = Pata + Pb tb + toe
wher(l:
td = Overall dwell time
P a ::= ~lighting passengers per bus through the busiest door during the peak 15min,
l:a = p~ssenger alighting time, sip,
P b = IDoarding passengers per bus through the busiest door during the peak l5min,
tb = p;assenger boarding time, sip,
toe ::= ~oor opening and closing time, s
1
• fHY=~~
l+PT~ET -1/
Whei-e, fHV::= heavy vehicle factor, PI is the percentage of trucks, trucks

equi,:,alent == 2.0.
MAB 8063/MAP 1063[7
• Capacity headway
ML
·h=
rP
i Where h = headway, s
M = bus seating capacity,
L = maximum acceptable average load factor,
P = total patronage for the route in passengers per hour, and
r = ratio of maximum load to passengers per trip.
• Total cost minimum headway
Where h = headway, S
Po = operating cost per veh-hour ,

Pw = the value of passengers waiting time in RM/h
P = total patronage for the route in passengers per hour
• Total travel time

, 8=T+t L
N= nhin{~)
t L =Nh-T
T= '2:>i +t)
ti = travel time on the segment i,

t1 = excess layover time,
t] = minimum layover time required,
MAB 8063/MAP 106:1 1 8
t w = layover required to provide work breaks for drivers,
t cr == layover required to dampen variation in travel times.
Table I: Values of percent failure associated with Za

Failure rate (%) Z.
1.0 2.330
2.5 1.960
5.0 1.645
7.5 1.440
10.0 1.280
15.0 1.040
20.0 0.840
25.0 0.675
30.0 0.525
50.0 0.000
Table 2: Efficiency of multiple linear loading areas at bus stop

Loadin!! Ar~as On-Line Loading, Areas Off-Line Loadin!! Areas
No of cumulative No of cumulative
No Efficiency % effective loading Efficiency % effective loading
areas areas
1 I 100 1.00 100 1.0
2 I 85 1.85 85 1.85
i
3 I 60 2.45 75 2.60
4 i 20 2.65 65 3.25
,
5 I 5 2.70 50 3.75
Tab]e 3: C on tl'lctmg
. pe destnan, Rpb coeffilClents
Conflict Pedestrian
f Rpb Coer
volume (ped/h)
100
0.948
200 0.908
300 0.898
400
0.890--
500
0.883
MAB 8083 I MAP 1083 \ I
UTM
Lwu!", "I
Cii,l! Ln":ir\t't.'nn~
UNiVERsm TEKNOLOGI MAl,HSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 8083 I MAP 1083
COURSE TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT AND ANALYSIS
PROGRAMME MAP
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER FOUR (4) QUESTIONS. i.e. TWO (2) FROM EACH SECTION
2. USE SEPARATE BOOKLETS FOR EACH SECTION
WARNING!
disciplinary actions and the faculty may recommend the student to be expclledfi'ol11
the study.
'-.''-?~h-'4:-~::-:':;-~~~~~'~?£~:·':' __. .~:,'

MAS 8083 I MAP 108312
SECTION A
Answer TWO (2) questions from this section.
Q I. (a) For a highway traffic stream describe the relationship between speed.
flow and density
(6 fI1arkl)
(b) On a two lane carriageway roadwork restrict the width of both traffic
lanes forming a bottleneck to traffic flow. The maximum flow per lane on
the unobstructed carriageway is 2500 vehicles per hour whilst on the
section under repair the maximum flow per lane is 2000 vehicles per
hour. When stationary, vehicles are spaced at average distance headways
of 8m. It may be assumed that there is a linear relationship between speed
and density.
When the traffic flow approaching the roadwork is 4500 vehicle per hour,
compute
(i) The speed of the traffic stream a considerable distance in advance of

the bottleneck.
(5 mark~)
(ii) The speed of the traffic stream immediately before the

commencement of the bottleneck.
(5 marks)
(iii) The speed of the shockwave formed by the bottleneck.

(5 fI1ark~)
(iv) Use a figure to illustrate the flow density relationship on the

carriageway.
(4 marh)
(25 marks)
MAB 8083 I MAP 108313
02. (a) What is the main difference between fixed and actuated traffic signal
control.
(2 marks)
(b) What are the factors that affect the maxImum number of vehicles
discharged per cycle time over a traffic signal stopline?
(8 mark!;)
(c) At an intersection to be controlled by traffic signals, hourly vehicle

volume and turning movements from a recent survey are shown in Tables
A and B. The intersection has an excellent geometric design with flare
lanes; however it was observed that most vehicles going straight keep to
the middle lane and all U turns take place at right turning movements.
Allow 2s intergreen time for stage I for pedestrian crossi ngs and 1s
intergreen time for stages 2 and 3. The saturation flow per approach may
be taken as 2000pcu/h/lane going straight, 1800pcu/hrllane for all other
turning movements. It is recommended that cycle time should not exceed
120s.
(i) Compute the distribution of signal timings that would be appropriate

for the intersection
(10 marks)
(ii) Show the distribution of signal timings that would be appropriate

for the intersection
(5 marks)
(25 marks)
Approach
NOJih
South
West
East
Note: PCE values are Cars =1.0, Light Goods Vehicle = 2.0, and Buses/Coaches = 3.0
TABLE B
Stage Description ---

I North South North Left South Left
- Straight + U Straight + U I turn Turn
Turn Turn
2 North South East Left Turn West Left
Right + U Turn Right + U Turn Turn
3 East West East West
Straight + U Straight + U Right + U Right +U
Turn I Turn I Turn Turn
MAS 8083 I MAP 108315
03. (a) Describe how delay at priority intersections can be estimated.

(8 marks)
(b) Using the vehicle hourly volume in Table A
(i) Compute the reserve capacities of all approach arms.

(12 marb)
(ii) Use a figure to illustrate clearly all entry and circulating flows for
each arm.
(5 marb)
(25 marks)
For Qe = k (F - fcO c)
Where
k = 1 - 0.00347 (8 - 30) - 0.978 (1 Ir 0.05)
F = 303 X2
fc = 0.210 to ( 1 + 0.2 X2 )
to = 1 + 0.5 1(1 + exp ( ( D - 60 ) I 10 ) )

X2 = V + ( e v) I (I + 2s)
s = 1.6 ( e v ) I r
And
Inscribed circle diameter D = 40m
Entry width. e = 8m
Approach half width, v = 7.3m
Circulation width. u = 8m
Effective flare length. r = 20m
Entry radius r = 25m
Entry angle 8 = 30°
MAB 8083 / MAP 108316
SECTION B
Answer TWO (2) questions from this section.
Q4. (a) Construct a social impacts-mobility relationship diagram and discuss the
four types of potential solution spaces associated with formulation of
TSM strategies.
(}O rnarks)
(b) Name the three basic categories of transportation system management

strategies and briet1y explain each of these categories.
(j 5 marks)
(25 marks)
Q5. (a) Define journey speed and running speed and describe the application of
these parameters in traffic analysis.
(10 marks)
(b) Six test runs were carried out using a test car method to study travel speed
and delays on a 4.4 km arterial class IV road segment. The segment
contains 3 isolated signalised junctions. The summary of the results is
given the following table.
-----
T
--""'"oot Yo"",e, Hmo _
Delay
__(sec._)_
I 5 min. 40 sec. 50
-- ---~ -----_._--~.------
1--3-
2 -+--6 min. 10 sec. I 90
I ~~1. 00 se~--~-l 0-(-)- ~

I _-I _J 5 min. 00 sec. I () _ _
5 I~
~~-----L---~--t~--
! 7 mio 20,,,
l__~_1_5 min. 30 se~~ _ _~_ _

MAB 8083 / MAP 1083[7
(i) Calculate the journey speed and running speed for the entire
route.
(ii) Describe the operational performance of the road section based

on the calculated speeds and explain the level of service for the
street.
(iii) What will you consider to improve the overall performance of

the road segment')
(J 5 mark~)
(25 marks)
Q6. (a) Propose the approach you would adopt to improve traffic congestion
issues on a stretch of urban road consisting of several signalised
intersections. The road section is a four-lane dual-carriageway road type.
(l 0 marks)
(b) The signals at the intersections along the one-way street have been pre
timed as shown in the diagram below (all timings in seconds). The
expected average speed of vehicles is 50 km/h. Propose the offset of the
signal timing at each intersection to yield a minimum width of the
through band of 15 sec. Suggest changes to the design if a minimum
bandwidth of IS sec could not be achieved. Show the through band on a
progression diagram.
MAS 8083 / MAP 1083 \ 8
I I I [ I L II
I .--I I• 4I I. 4I l I
•
A 100m B 200m C 200m D
Green 40 35 35 40
Y+R 5 5 5 5
Red 15 20 20 20
(IS marks)
(25 marks)
Arterial Level of Service

~--~-~
Arterial
Classifications
I II III IV
-,""--
-- ~------
Range of Free-flow
Speed (km/h)
90 - 70 70 55 55 - 50 50 - 40
--~---------
Typical Free Flow
Speed (km/h)
80 65 55 45
Level of Service
Average Travel Speed (km/h)
A >72 > 59 > 50
> 41
B > 56-72 > 46 - 59 > 39 - 50
> 32 - 41
C > 40 - 56 > 33 - 46 > 28 - 39
> 23 - 32
D
> 32 - 40 > 26 - 33 > 22 ~ 28
> 18-23
E
> 26 - 32 > 21 - 26 > 17 - 22
> 14 - 18
F ::: 26 ::: 21 <17
:::14
I
MAB 8093/MAP J093 J
UTM
!'Julin 01
Cnil [n;;lI\fC"nl;
UNIVERsm TEKIlOLOGI MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB8093 I MAPJ093
COURSE TRANSPORT SAFETY
PROGRAMME MAP
DATE APRIL 2010
J. ANSWER FOUR (4) QUESTIONS ONLY.
WARNING!
discip~~_~Stiiiiix_~~1U:~,lJcultyl71ay recdommend the student to be expelledFol71
the stu 9".

MAB 8093/MAP 1093 12
Q1. Discuss the 4 main approaches of accident reduction system. What are the key
issues that you need to know about ensuring greater safety in transport and
minimizing adverse effects of transport
(25 marks)
Q2. What are the key issues in the Malaysia Government's road accident death
reduction target for year 20 I0 plan? Discuss the 9 strategies that are central to
this 5-year plan.
(25 marks)
Q3. What do you understand by the terms NPV, FYRR, PBC. and PVC; how will
they influence accident savings and prioritize treatment and sites. You can
make assumptions where necessary.
(25 marks)
Q4. What are the data requirements and data analysis of an in-depth road safety
study and how would they be lIsed.
(25 marks)
MAS 8093/MAP 1093 13
Q5. Write short notes and use sketches as appropriate to illustrate any 5 traffic
calming treatments
(25 marks)
Q6. (a) Describe the moving car observer technique for determining speed and
flow ofa highway traffic stream.
(10 marks)
(b) In a stream of vehicles, 30% of the vehicles travel at a constant speed

of 60km/h, 30% at constant speed of 80km/h and the remaining
vehicles travel at a constant speed of 100km/h. An observer travelling
at a constant speed of 70km/h with the stream over a length of 5km is
passed by 17 vehicles more than he passes. When the observer travels
against the stream at the same speed and over the same length of
highway, the number of vehicles met is 303.
(i) What is the mean speed and flow of the traffic stream?
(8 marks)
(ii) Is the time mean or the space mean-speed obtained by this

technique?
(2 marks)
(iii) How many vehicles travelling at 100km/h pass the observer, while
he travels with the stream?
(5 marks)
(25 marks)
MAS S023/MAG 1023 I 1
UTM
FJutll\ .,r
[lit! En:':IIKl'lllllC
UNIVERsm TEKNOLOGI MALAVSIA
FINAL EXArvlINATION
COURSE CODE MAB S023/MAG 1023
COURSE ADVANCED HYDRAULICS
PROGRAMME MAG
DURATION 3 HOURS
DATE APRIL 2010
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
1. This paper consists of SECTION A and SECTION B
2. Answer ANY FIVE (5) questions
3. Submits answers to each sections in separate booklets
WARNING!
disciplinary actions and the faculty may recommend the student to be expelledfrom
the study.

MAB502312
SECTION A
Q 1. Water hammer phenomena can occur in pipe system if there is sudden change
in flow rate. Answer the following questions:
(a) The computations of water hammer system needs the values of initial
condition. Explain in detail how the values of the initial conditions are
obtained.
(4 marks)
(b) Draw the complete x - t grid system that illustrates the computations
process of water hammer system. Show the corresponding positive and
the negative characteristics and explain how the computations are
performed.
(8 marks)
(c) Design and draw a complete computations table (with appropriate

headings) that describes the computations of water hammer in a simple
pipe system.
(8 marks)
(20 marks)
Q2. Steady gradually varied flow computations in natural open channel can be
performed using the standard step method. Answer the following questions:
(a) Explain the objectives of gradually varied flow computations in natural

open channel.
(4 marks)
(b) Develop the method used to determine the wetted area, A, the top water
width, T and the wetted perimeter, P in natural open channel before any
computations of gradually varied flow are performed? Support your
arguments with the help of figures and tables, if needed.
(8 marks)
MABS023 13
(c) Design and draw an example of a computation table (with appropriate

headings) that can be used in the computational process of steady
gradually varied flow in natural channel.
(8 marks)
(20 marks)
Q3. The flow hydrographs along an open channel can be determined using the
process called the hydraulics flow routing. Answer the following questions:
(a) Sketch the flow hydrographs along an open channel (discharge versus
time) that are supposed to be the results of the flow routing.
(4 marks)
(b) Develop complete flow charts that illustrate the process of hydraulics
flow routing using the unsteady gradually varied flow computations.
(16 marks)
(20 marks)
SECTIONB
Q4. (a) Explain the objectives of gradually varied flow computations in natural
open channel.
(4 marks)
(b) What is a ''flux''?
Write the expression for momentum and mass flux.
(4 marks)
(c) Write the integral form of the continuity equation for a fixed control
volume subject to unsteady flow.
(3 marks)
MAB5023!4
(d) Describe and give examples of body and external forces.
(3 marks)
(e) A velocity field is described by V = x2ii + 2y3tj .

Find an equation for the streamlines passing through the point [2, liz] at
time = 0.8s and plot the streamlines for the range y = 1 to Y= + 10 at y
intervals of 1.
(6 marks)
(20 marks)
Q5. (a) Control volumes are constructed based on the peculiarity and solution
requirements of fluid motions. Describe three types of control volume
and the situations in which they may be applied.
(5 marks)
(b) Write the total derivatives for the rate of change of temperature in a
complex flow within a cooling tower system.
(5 marks)
(c) What are the two types of temperature changes within the total derivative
equation above in (b) and describe each type.
(5 marks)
(d) In an oil refinery pipeline, the pressure is 135 kN/m2 above atmospheric.
By neglecting viscous effects, determine the vertical height reached by a
jet of oil through a small leak at the top of the pipe. Take standard oil
3
density of 918 kg/m .Assume the vertical component of velocity at the
leak point = 0 mls.
MAB50nls
Comment on the height reached if viscous effects were taken into

consideration.
(5 marks)
(20 marks)
Q6. (a) What are the differences between the systems and control volume
approaches in analysing fluid motion?
(4 marks)
(b) Write the integral form of the momentum equation for inviscid flow.
(4 marks)
(c) From the above equation (part 6(b)), derive the I-dimensional momentum
equation in differential form.
(4 marks)
(d) An Eulerian description in Cartesiarl coordinates of a f1uid flow is given as

u = x3 yt, V = yx/3, w = 4, p = 3x+1
Determine if the flow is incompressible.
Find the rate of change of density in two different ways.
(8 marks)
(20 marks)
MAS 5043/MAG 10431
FINAL EXAMINAT-fBN------·.··.
COURSE CODE MAS 5043/MAG 1043
COURSE COASTAL PROCESSES WITH ENGINEERING
APPLICATIONS
PROGRAMME MAG
DATE APRIL 2010
I. ANSWER ALL QUESTONS.

2. OPEN NOTES.
WARNING!
5'tlldents callght copying/cheating during the examination \1'ill be liablefor

discipliI7C11}· actions and the faculty lIIal' recoil/mend the student to be expel1edji'ol11
the study.

MAB 5313/MAG 131311
UTM
F"tu![\ "f
Cj~d E~iz:n(enn~
UNtVERsm TWWLOGI MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 5313/MAG 1313
COURSE WATER SUPPLY ENGINEERING
PROGRAMME MAG
DURATION 3 HOURS
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER ANY TWO (2) QUESTIONS FROM EACH SECTION.
2. THE QUESTIONS ARE OF EQUAL VALUES. THE FIGURE IN THE
RIGHT MARGIN INDICATES FULL MARKS.
3. USE SEPARATE ANSWER SCRIPT FOR EACH SECTlON.
WARNING!
Students caught copying/cheating during the examination will be liable jar
disciplinary actions and thejaculty may recommend the student to be expelled}i'om
-. -- .---- . .. _ the study.
..~_::'-:--
-.~;f.. -:~ --:.:<~

MAB 5313/MAG 131312
SECTION A
Q1. i) Write down the generalized process of water resources planning and management.
ii) Write down the sustainability criteria for water planning, reported by Gleick et al. (1995).
iii) Why are low-flow information required?
iv) Write down the key principles in low-flow design.

(25 marks)
Q2. i) Describe the most important considerations when planning a layout of a water treatment
plant.
ii) What are the conditions to be considered in the location of an intake?
iii) Write down the uses of aeration in water treatment.
iv) Write short note on "rapid filtration."

(25 marks)
MAB 53 I3/MJ'\G 131313
Q3. The water level (WL) data at a station are given below. Analyze the data to estimate the
low-flow at this station, using Log-Pearson Type 1II Distribution. Consider that a low
flow will be occurred if the water level falls below 5.0 m. What is the recurrence interval
of low-flow at this station?
(25 mark.s)
Year WL (m) .---L~~~~~~_

Year WL (m)
1988 5.60 1999 - 6.01 ----
1989 5.58 2000 4.94
1990
-----,,--,-,---,------
5.85 2001 3.85
- - ~ - - - - , -- - ~ - - - - : - - -
1991 5.10 2002 4.24

-----=~=---------:::-:-=----
1992 3.88 _-..:::2~0_.:_03":------_ ---=6:-,-:.4:--::6_ _
1993 5.90
-----c----
2004 4.88
1994 ~~~---
4.06 2005 5.13
1995 5.21 2006 4.27
1996 4.57 2007 6.10 --
1997 4.62 2008 4.33------
1998 7.40
MAB 5313/MAG 131314
SECTIONB
04. In Malaysia, water is an affair of the individual state. Hence. water tariff for various
states also differ. Discuss the followings:
i) The Water Tariff structure used in Johor, and list down its advantages.
ii) The basic policies used to determine water tariff.
(25 marks)
05. Give your critical view on the followings:

i) The relationship between Non-Revenue Water (NRW) and Water Tariff determination.
ii) The role of water conservation to reduce Non-Revenue Water (NRW). Quote examples.
iii) The TWO methods that can be used to calculate Non-Revenue Water (NRW).
(25 marks)
Q6. Discuss the standard requirements laid down by the Sate Drinking Water Act (1974) or
its Malaysian equivalent, on the quality of potable water supply. Relate these standards to
your findings on our own Sungai Johor raw water.
(25 marks)
THE END
MAS 5323/MAG 132311
UTM
!'Jr'''l\\ "I
C\d Lll:!IIKl·nn~
UNI'JERsm TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINAnON"
COURSE CODE MAS5323/MAG 1323
COURSE COASTAL STRUCTURES
PROGRAMME MAG
DATE APRIL 2010
1, ANSWER ALI~ QUESTIONS.
WARNING!
disciplinary actions and the faCIlity may recommend the student to be expelled from
the study
This examination question consists 0[(14) printed pages only.

MAB 5323/MAG 132312
Ql. (a) A beach fronting a 4-star international resort at a popular coastal

tourist town is under consistent threat of erosion and backshore
flooding. Considering the design criteria and constraints, what are the
engineering options that you would propose to mitigate the problems
and give a brief description of each proposed option. (You may wish
to support your proposal with the aid of figures and/or examples).
(8 marks)
(b) Describe the main components of a stone riprap revetment and their
respective roles in providing a stable structure against wave attack.
(6 marks)
(c) An impermeable revetment having a smooth slope of I on 2.5 is

subjected to a significant design wave height, Hs of 2.0 m, measured at
a gauge located in a depth d = 3.5 m. Design wave peak period, Tp is 7
seconds and water depth at structure toe during high water is 2.0 m.
Find the height above the SWL to which the structure must be built to
prevent overtopping by the design wave.
(8 marks)
(d) For the same structure as described in QI(c) above, determine the
height of the reflected wave (H r ) assuming that the seawall is a non
overtopped structure of impermeable and smooth slope (P = I).
(6 marks)
(e) Assuming a referenced case where waves are irregular. long-crested

and head-on waves. determine the wave run-up (R u2 %l. The
coefficients, A and C, and Yr in the run-up equation are listed in Table
Ai and Table A2 respectively.
(5 marks)
(33 marks)
MAB 5323/MAG 132313
Q2. (a) Describe, with the aid of illustrative figures and sketches, the
difference between statically stable and dynamically stable structures.
(6 marks)
(b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of using concrete armour
units and discuss the factors that need consideration before selecting
them for the design.
(6 marks)
(c) Hudson Formula has been commonly used in the design of

rubblemound structures. Discuss the advantages and limitations of the
formula.
(6 marks)
(d) Use the Hudson Formula to determine the weight and diameter (D n5 0)
of uniform-size armour stone randomly placed in (i) the primary cover
layer, (ii) the underlayer and (iii) core of a revetment slope of 1:3 and
subjected to a design significant wave height (H s) of 2.0 m. Design
wave peak period (Tp) is 6 sec and the design water depth at the
structure toe during high water is 2.5 m.
Assume the following information is available:
Density of sea water (Pw) = 1,025 kg/m J
J
Density of rock (Pa) = 2,650 kg/m
Two layers, n = 2, random placement
Quarry stone, rough angular
No-damage criteria (i.e. 0 - 5% under breaking waves condition)
(10 mark5)
(e) Calculate also the crest width for no overtopping condition.

(6 marks)
(34 marks)
MAS 5323/MAG 132314
Q3. (a) Describe briefly, using diagrams to illustrate, the various damage
mechanisms (or failure modes) for rock structures.
(6 marks)
(b) Define the terms no damage, initial damage, imermediate damage, and
failure, as provided by Table VI-S-2l of the Coastal Engineering
Manual (2003) ..
(8 marks)
(c) A two layer rough quarrystone breakwater has been designed for non
breaking waves and minor overtopping from a no-damage design wave
HD~O = 2.0 m and K D = 4. Determine the design wave height that you
will use to calculate the armour weight if the 5 to 10 % damage can be
tolerated when the 2.0 m wave strike the breakwater.
(6 marks)
(d) Calculate the damage to be expected if stone weighing 75% of the zero
damage weight is used at substantially less cost or must be used as an
emergency structure.
(6 mark~)
(e) Construct a simplified fault tree of a breakwater protecting a harbor

which shows the failure of the system due to excessive wave
transmission.
(7 marks)
(33 marks)
MAB 5323/MAG 1323/5
EQUATIONS
The symbols indicate parameters usually used.
( 1) W
where Sr = Qr-Lpw
(2) Design Elevation == DHW + set-up + run-up + freeboard
(3) ~ tan e
[jcJ
(4) Rli = a ~m when ~m < I.5
Hs
RLI == b ~m when ~m > 1.5
Hs
(5) R1.L= l.016rtana [HQ J05

Ho Lo
(6) t= nk~ [ ~ J/3
~-I~OJ[ \]'"
(7) N a ==Ank~
(8) t == nk [0 [:l/3
(9) B = 3k 6, [W
Ya
Ji3
(10) La = gI2
2It
MAB 5323/MAG J 32316
DRW
SWL
" bedding and/or fIlle!' la)'el'
h \;vater depth of stl1lcture relative to design high water (DH\V)

he break"water crest relative to DH\V
R freeboard. peak cro\vn elevation above DH\V
lit depth of structure toe relative to still water level (S"\VL)
B crest width
B, toe apron \vidth
a. front slope (secu,ide)
at; back slope (lee)
r thickness. of layers
H~ armor unit weight
MAS 5323/MAG 132317
Table Al Coefficients A and C for Runup of Long-Crested Irregular

Waves on Smooth Impermeable Slopes
Ru ~·lilllits A C
1;" 2.5
::.,;, 16 0
R~? o~rce.r::
! i:;
".y <:0 <., S! -02 4.5
~.~ - 2.0 U:J a
F?~J
2.0 < ~\, <; 9 -OlE, 10
tall a H= 2rr H;
sop =--=----,-.
JSoP Lop g Tj;
Table A2 Surface Roughness Reduction Factor Yr , valid for 1 < ~op < 3
TYlle of Slope Surface
Smooth, concrete, asphalt 1.0

Smooth block revetment 1.0
Grass (3 em length) 0.90 - 1.0
1 layer of rock. diameter D, (H,IO =!.5 lOj 0.55 - 06
:: Dr more layers of rock, (H, ID = 15·6.0) 0.50 -055
Roughness elements on smooth surface

(length parallel to waterline =( Width = b, height = h)
Quadratic blocks. (= b
hlb b/H~ area coverage

0.83 012-019 1/9 070·075
0.68 012-024 1125 075 - CB5
[H4 0'12 024 1i2S 0.85 095
G6S 012 D.W li25 (above S''NL) 085 - 0.95
0.18 055· 1.10 1/4 075 - 085
R.bs
100 0.12-0.19 li7.5 060-070
MAB 5323/MAG 1323/8
Table A3 Wave Reflection coefficients for Non-Overtopped Sloping

Structures
Table VI-5-14
Waw Reflection coefficients for Non-Overt0Pl,ed Sloping Structllres Based on Seelig (1963} Equ"tion
[alto
C', ~
l ~n.H
V7!""
.-\\11 hI'" S, l'IH'[ 'l1'(' /,
Sf'(\i jg (19~~:~) 1 nlpf'l'llU"·ahlf'>. f'tHooth.. :"Hra.l~l:t1 ~lljjJ(""~"

2}) ~ £. ~::: {j "f"l4Hla.r "'VfIV('~ I /I d.lt
Albop awl H"Trim'adlf'hi (19SII) r)o.}o~~p, )'("~f\j[al' '<;.Vil\'('·}i (~.I

rangr· of ( o.r (lip Slopp 1: L;}. 1:2. 1::1 U. :,l, 10.11
~J:wwn in
Figurr· \ '1-7,-18 r~t)h:w;. l"egn]iH v/aV(~:-, (('I
Slop.· l: L',. 1:2. l::~ 1I.,~n 6.5-1
'I>'ll"apnfi~ .aud SUlhjL lrl'r.~gnla.r \\'~I\'PS (~<.>: 1 ~I

Slop" .l:L:~:I. 1:.L',. 1:2 UA'\ 'Ui2
Sllf',l awl .Diod..,. IITPglliar Wllves it,.",)

Slop,· l:l.:n. 1:1.7,. 1:2 (L·W i.94
,\Il.,op ( HJ')O) SlllfH}[ h Hl1(] ~n.lp(~rUlf~ahl(· (PH; .I.S

:"i .~~.; ,~,:, ~;. ~ ~.; ft
.1 ~a,v.?I" r'f)C'k and stOllf' IH1d('·rhn.~f~r
on ilnlwrm""lhl(' "'I"pf' (P= 1) 11.(;4 i .22
'l ta.\"f'l" J',,}~:k aud, ~tOtll:" und~'>l'hl~"(~l'

un lJUpr'nHF,nhJl' -"lop",' {P~ 1 'I i.Uil l'U';:,
:2 tnY(~'f rTH·k 4H'IHor

if, . (U.:~ . O.119J11. T,. c= Lh. d = HA",
51,,1'''' l:l.:n. L1.7,. 1::: (Ui fl.f)
D a I: H bUll. pr ,,[ .: HJ94) Fi(\lt~ u..1~~r;\::o:.Un'llL(~llt 011 roc1;: ~. .; lpp't" 1.: 1.1
S ~; (',>P ~ ~}n \\~~lt'f.:"t' c}.···prll h lU Hlf"'U'.t·f-.,.
(H.i:, ".
0:..,)
'1.,:) ~; It ~~; :1.2:-) i)fjO ~~>.>
!J .:: 2.,~) 1I.GI .'ilI

MAB 5323/MAG 132319
Rebt:ye Depth ShallO'.'>c \Vatet T!allsitwual ~,VateI

d d
L 25 L I
i-£ f::z;-s 2Jrr]' r..r

..... '""l
l'I C\..'i~, ---- -cos,;::
L T !
c L = .;ga
07d ( '= ff!.. ml1h( ];W',) ( c) -r -..:rT
~
T '" T 1:: L . 2rr
L CI r
.L..
_
-
gIl t atlrl
--
l ( 2:n:d)
-
2:r 1
4. (",.:-up n~b:itv fiT
C
t
( = .fid cg 11 C
OO.
= -1 [, • j -
4rrdL], C
---~::-
.!-c ..:.
1 ' 51t1h( ~rrlj.L): '1 ..ht
\"\-2te pm;de
\'eJ::>~it:
(2.: H,mzC'IJt.al
H~f"- ' cos CIr. cos e 7tH 12~.=) _
11 = -, U = - f}.\"· I ':0$ Ij
'-
"
a T
--
" L
fl .e:T >mh(2Jl(>a)L] ~,in 6
cosb(1?idL)
rr.Fi (-;-) , ..
-'- e •.
T
smf:l
6. l,l!.te: palt;dE
a_cc-~leraticffi
{a) Honz.Qlltal rlltH: cosh rl2n(,z-d'l.'Ll.,

~ sm a
L cosh(1lt{H)
_.f%.'-l' ~inh{2lt(z-d.JL] 8
- cos
Lecsh (2:1-1 L)
:. 'N.t.e pa.ltide
displacemem.. .
(a) Horia'Dt.al
•
C = --,-
HI~;;T,
,'" SU1'tt
0
., H
, co$hprr(:~d)LJ
"lU 8 -_ €
H("":) ;iu8 L,
. 4Jr d ~lnh(2;r.d,''L) ....
=
H sinh (2rr(z-d)·L]
2 ',mh(2;rdL)
ro~ G H
...
ff~=)CC3 e
S. S110,urtaC'e co,11 [21l(': ~d)l] ..
pre_~;t1r~
... pgq pg:
cc;;hC::dLi
MAB 5323/MAG 1323110
Table 3. HHD=i)'J" a funcTion Ofl,;_~o_\_·e_I_·1~a..L)_'e~r~d_a_1l_1a-,~",,-Te ,

r--- Damagl> (D).. Pl>lwut _
--_._---.------j
rnit 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-30 30-40 40 - 50
r--::'Q~u.:::;ar:..:.[1_\·.c:.'t:..;;o.:::;l1.:..e. .:.(':..:.1U=.O,--,O-.-t1..:.1:,-l-+_-:-I--:O--;-O_+---:1;..;..l:-:'8:-----+---=-L14 1.20 129 1A I 154
Quarry ,tone (rough) 100 l08 119 1.27 1.37 147 1.56':1')
Tetrapod,
and 1.00 1.09 1.41 (ei 1.50 (e,
Quadripod~
Tnbar LOO 1.11 1.25 (c: 1 36 l" 150"" 159 «I
~~--t-~.,."c-1--~c-1
_ Dolos.'="=--_ _._ _-'--_--=-_--' 1.00 110 '-1.14 iC) -"- 1,17 ic: _'_ L20 'c )
--,.-..L..-.
L'4 t(l ~ ...-J
.a, Breakwater mUll<:. n = 2. random-placed armor UUltS. nOll.breakmg: Wil':e,. and nunor overroppmg
cOIlrution,.
,b; '.'alnes in itahcc, are lllterpotated or extrapolated.
CAUTION: Tec,ls did not mdude pos"ib1e effectr; OftUllt breakage Werve, exceedmg the de,lgJ1 wave
[0
height conditions by more than 10 percellt may remit Ul consldt"fably more damage than the ....alue'
tabulated.
MAS 5323/MAG 1323111
Table VI-5-22
Rock, Two-Layer Armored Non-Overtopped Slopes (Hudson 1974)
Irregular head-on waves

JJ
fA~}1 f'O\ tl i iYl
":'D.-."
wltl'l'f' 1f (·-hiU'tJJ·trT1~til· \"~H\"'~' h,'if.!,lil Ill.. nr ill lU'
P " EtIUl\-aJI']l\ l'\l\~'" loPl1.t.;th 01 DH'llt,Hl [()-,'k
Ji-." ;\l",dJ1UU IU .."',..,.. . "f rod.:> . •1f·" r·D . :
;,L, \]~l~-. . . d':~H:.;jl\' ui r(t~'k!--
,(1" ~hl:--'''- l.k-ns~t \" ~d 'iYi:Ht'!"
j. fp./fJ")
(\ Stolw ,mgk
l\,', :"t"biltlY C'WHICit'nI
l\-,'~-f'(lhu'lo, rrV ~;",'J'A:l l!J7'l. II :::~ If,. {OY· Ai.OJh~ fH.li}.J!''i 1.:\::';' \'ot n ~ 3.l~. -~Bas('d ."Lll1lTl\' (HI. Tf:f;:!,ntar tn;n'-(' t('}.~);'i
S!tll);' .;harH' PlW'PIJlf'1ll I),ullage,. ])
'-,·W'.? 10·1','/
Bre,lkwg :'\ollbrr'ilking :';"lll,r";lkilll\
'iva\'~~, \V(}'I,:C':-; \'\'a\·(~~·
Snwoth_ l'U!!ll(k<l Rmldum

Houg;b flllJ.!;1I1m BHndom
Hotll!,:h angular Special ;,
SuwHth rillHHl,'c! Hiluclmll 2.-1

n.i~ug;ll al!~uJa.r RauduEI1 -i.O
nOU;!)J H nj.!;'lli~·U" Sl",dai' 7.li
BH'ilkU:1f!. \Vti\'n~ Ineau~ deptJl-hHltt.(··d '~'ctY(,h, l.() .. wa:\-T hn>;,lkiup. takt':-, ph1.c~· in frnnf dJ t h~'
d.nli(~r ~lIJ}H.'.
[("ritl(".;-t! ("a:.-t(-· for sh(~lltnv-'Wl\tt~T ;";1'.rl.l("l'llJl1:->, J
:-;" d('pth-limitf'd WiWt' hn'akilJg u"k", plnn' in fn>lll of tlH' H.fUWf "h,p",
/) j-, ,h'fi;w'd dCf'onhng tv SP:'1 U~RA! fl... h~U(l'v!"': Trh,~ IH'rn:'nt

diuuagp i~ b-f~,~pd ~_~n 1 h,' YOlnUH'
uf a_rlLlUr 111ltt.,S di~pla_n,'d fnH~J th6'~ bn>akl.vOiU-~r ;.,~i.Jn"· of ,f!CllYt'
annor l1uit n:l-UIO\,AaJ ~nr t-l ""p-pci'ht
",">I\T' hpj,dlt Tlti,. ZtilW t'XH'IHb frum HLP mi,leli,' of 11l<' ],H,;,l:w''''''f Cfvq down t.lll' sP;lwanl
fan" to a tleptli i 1qni\'ak-ru tr,l tIlt' Wavl" lH'it,;:.bt .j·al1.. in~ ::rf'O ~!aH~a;g(' ~J+"toW 'llll.-l\'atIT l(~'n'1.
MJrwa! (1977) \Ylll']J '·'m"id.. rillc, thill fl, l:

ShOte Prot€ctiofJ i.271! fm Hn...·[,·id, di~lnhtlj.,',i WilW
versus (i(·,Lghf:-. l1H.Ju-dcprh-ltllll/pd "~.tn·";<1
it l~... 9'("[1 rhrU t~H~ rVrOl1Hni'IHh~t~OlL~' l,lf
,"'·1dI1Lh~1 f 19B4): ~'ihl,lf"'!" rrO!tft~un :·l{arllHn~11~JS.-11 irli1ro:.IlJllc('- 1'1 <T~H:-'ldf'ntLll" ",;;:d.. t\" tiieUll" COU1
Sherr€:' Prot€{"tion
p";irc{} tl) tlw pr,lI'tL('~) hhsf, .. l (IlISlUHY' p~'{ltf.,(h.'~'.Ih Jh,I1U,Hd Il!'l7'/i.
Untenai"ty -c,f the formulil: Tlte codhcwll1 (If 1';11"1<11[1:>11 (If Eq Yl-:1-(;7 i" p,tlwm,·tl tu h .. IS'/ by ",HI dn
'\-[PI'L" 119~~1. :dcLh;; and :',nakf~r {19'07f n'portc"d a n:wftii'}C-nt of Yd.riat'i~~n £(11'
[\'-0 or 2V,:0' h)r :--:h'lH-' dnd lfrX fur I)ul(J;-'~.~,.
MAB 5323/MAG 1323112
Table 1. Stability CoefficienT. KD (breaking occurs before the waye reaches the structme)
Stl'uetUl'l' Trunk Structurl' HI':HI
KD(b" KD Slop..
B,·.. "kiug ::"ou-bnakiug Bl·.. akiug :'\on-b ,·.."kiug
n l ;):' PIa('.. lU.. ut \Yay.. cut CI.
ArlUor "(lit", \Y",'" ~ lliIT.£.
QunrfY· stone
$U1.ooth rOllnde-d Rand-oIll I': ::'4 1.2 19 )

to 3 I)
SU'looth rounded -' Random I 6 3.2 14 .2 3 (c)
fungh allgular RandoIll (.:11 (el) ':.9 lei) 23 Ie)
1.9 3.2 1.5
Rough angulM ::' Random 2.0 4.0 1.6 2.8 20
1.3 ' '

..::...~ 3.0
Rough angular -'-" Special": ....:.

.,;;;. 45 21 4.2 (c)
RoUgtl angulul- 2 Special") 58 7.0 5_3 64 (c)
ParalleJeopiped (1)
., RanclOill 7.0 - 20.0 8.5 - 24.0 (c',i
5.0 6.0 U
Tetrapod and 2.0
::' Random 70 8.0 4.5 5.5
Quac1ripod
3.5 4.0 -' 0
8.3 9.0 1.5
Tribar Random 9.0 10.0 7.8 8.5 2.0
6.0 6.5 3.0
8.0 16.0 2.0 :b)

Dolo, 2 Random 15.0 (" 310 co;
7.0 14.0 3.0
::vlochfied Cube Random 65 7.5 5.0 (c)
Hexapod 2 Ranclo111 80 9.5 5.0 70 (c)
Toskane, R.andom 11.0 22.0 (c)
Tribar Unifonn 12.0 15.0 7.5 9.5 le)
Quany'toue (KRR)
Random 2.2 2.5
Gm,l"d angular
la! n 15 the llUlllher of Wlt,coluprismg the thicknes;, of the anllor layer

co' Applicable to <;Iopes ranging frOUl I on 1.5 to I 011 5.
fc) C'Iltill.ll0I'e infonnatioll is avallable 011 the variation of K D value with slope. the use of K n ,bould be Iuuited to
slopes ranging frOl11 1 on 1.5 to 1 011 3. $t...... 1l1oe- anno!" units tested on a ~tructurC' head ulChcate- a K;:l "lope
depeJldence.
,d: The use of asulgle layer of quarry ~tone armor uruts <ubject to breakl!lg wave, 1~ llot reeonunended. and onlY
under ,peclal eOI1culion" for lloll-breakUlg wave,. \Vhel1 ill., u'ed. Ihe ,tone should be carefullY pbced
{ • .i -Spe-cial placnuent vvith hJIlg nxi~ of ~rone placed pe-l1.lendicu!ru to stnlcture f~"lce
,fl Long ,lab-11k" "tone with the loug dUllell&ion about thrf'e tune, Its shone~1 d;,n"n01on.
:~. Refel~£> to 1l0-dal11age- cn,tena (-~5 percent dl.. ptac~lnenL l-ocklllg_ etc.). 1£ 110 .rocking t ~ pe-t.-ce-nt} 1'; desire-d reduce
K D SD pen~ent.
co: StabilIty of dolos on slopes 'teeper Ihan 1 011 ::' should be sub,tantmted by sitt>-spenfic .nodel lests
NOTE Breakmg "'ave stabuny codl,nents fOI ,tone and dolo, wel-e deyeloped u,mg a lY'IOB foreslope.
MAB 5323/MAG 1323113
nbl~ 111·5·50
Weight cluj Size Sele(,iion Cirnenfions 01 QUdrryslcne'
Oimen>ion Weight Dimension Weight Dimension Weight Dimension Weight Dimension
(Ion») III It kJ (ibl IT! (ftl Ilbl em kg IIbl em (1fI,) ~,g (Ibl ern (1ft)
) ".".'
~" """,
t5: ., ,38 i~,52:
fG ,'E;
I-~ '1)\
G.:SC ,,) L~;
!~ ,
120: i2CC(;
I Dl!1I8ns!cns W'~spcrc to $[€ me,s"rej 01 S!~'i€, grIZZly Of vl~u,1 infl;;:ClI0nfo( stone of 2Sg kJlone'hions DiH ,:ut!·: r1etBr unll.eig~t D·' nvt uSB f,r :j~l¥rllnng SlrJC1ure orBS\
wtOlh Df laWI Ihlt:kness

MAB 5323/MAG 1323114
Table VI·5·50 (CEM)
WeiQht and Size Selection Dimensions of Quarrystone 1

~----,-~--~~~---~-----
Weight Dimension Weight Dimension Weiqht Dimension

kCl (Ill) em (in.) kg (lbl m (ftl mt - (tOllS) m ft
0.01 (002E,1 1.8Ci (0.74) 45,36 <' !OO) 030 (0')7) --'O"".'::;9:;;0"'7-~'--;(~!"')"--t-:=CO""SC7
1---;e(2 64)
0.02 iO.OE,Oj 2.36 (Q93) 9072 Z200) 9.3,s (1.23) LS"l4 {2} '1.02 {333)
0.03 (075) 2JO (106) l.36.08 (300 ,1 0.43 (140) 2.722 {3} 1,16 (390
004 (o.'roo) 297 (l17) 181.44 (400) 9.50 (154) 3.629 ~;4l 1.28 (4.1~J}
0.06 (0.1250) 3.20 ( 1.26) 22680 (500) 0.51 (166) 4 ..536 ~5} 1..3.5 (4.52)
007 (0 lSO) 3.40 {L34) 272 113 (600) 0.54 (1.77) 5443 {6 ~ 1.46 (4.80)
003 (0 115) 31008 (1.41) 317.52 (700) 0.57 (186) 1:>.350 (I) 1.54 (S.05)
0.09 (0200) 3.73 (147) 362.88 (800) 0.60 {IS5} 7.256 ('8) 1.61 ':S28}
0.10 (0.225) 3_89 ('1.53) 40824 (900) 0.62 {2,02} 8.165 (Sl) 1_67 (5'.49\
0,1'1 (0,2500) 4.04 (1.59) 45360 (1000) 0.64 (2,10) 9,072 (10) 1.73 (".69)
023 (O,£') 508 (2,00) 498,96 (1100~ 066 (2.16} "-1,979 (11) 179 (588!
0.45 (La) 13.40 (2,5,2) 54432 (1200') 0.68 (223) 10.866 112\ 1,84 (60S)
0,6e (1.5) 7.32 (2,88) 589,68 (1300) 0.70 (2,27) 11.793 (13;1 1.89 (5.21)
0,91 (2,0) 805 (3,17) 63504 (1400) 072 (2.35) 12,700 (14) 194 (6.37}
1.13 1:2,5) 8_66 OAn 680,40 (1500) 0.73 (2.4m 13.6-06 (15)1.""5 (6.5 I)
136
15·9
(3,0)
(35)
922
9,70
(3_53)
(.3_82)
72576
77112
(1600)
(1700) g;~ ;;~:~: 14.515

15422
(16)
(17)
2.03
207
(6.56)
(6.79)
IBI (4,0) 10.13 (99) 81648 ('1800) 0_78 (2551 16330 1'18\ 2.1'1 (6.92)
204 (45) 10.54 (415,) 861.84 (19OO) 0 . 80 (2.£O) 17237 (19) 215, (7.05)
227 (5)1092 (4.30) 907.20 (2000) 0,81 (2.64) _'9
_'_8_,_14_.._·_......(2_0_'.,..--,,_2_. (7 17)
4,54 (10)13,77 (5,42)
6,81 (i5) 15,77 (6,21)
9,07 {201 17,35 (6,83)
11.34 (25)18,70 (7,36)
136'1 (30,1986 (7.82)
15.88 (35) 20S{} (8.23)

18.14 (40) 2184 (8_50)
20.41 (45) 22.73 (8,95)
22.68 !SD) 23.55 (9.27)
2495 {f,S) 24,31 (9.57)
2722 (60) 25,02 (9,85)
29,48 (651 25,70 (10,12l
31.75 (0) 26,34 (10_37)
34_02 (75) 26,95 (10.60
3&29 (BO) 2753 (10B4)
38_56 (8S) 280') fll 06}
40.82 (90) 28.65 {11 :28,1
43.09 {951 29.16 (11 48}
45.36 (100) 29.54 (11 53)
'Dimensions correspond to Sf.ze measured by Sieve, grlZZ,y, or Vf.sua' Inspection for ston~5'9 ki;o-ne......l ol1s per cubiC meter unit
weight. Do not use for determining structure crest "",·jdth or layer thickness
MAB 6013/MAL 1013 11
UN;VERSITi T£KNOLOGI MAlAYSJA
FINAL EXAMINATI ()~~.~

COURSE CODE MAB 6013/MAL 1013
COURSE SURFACE WATER HYDROLOGY
PROGRAMME MAG
DATE APRIL 2010
1) ANSWER FOUR (4) QUESTIONS ONL Y.
WARNING!
Students caught copyinglcheating during the examination will be liable for disciplinary
actions and the faculty may recommend the student to be expelledfrom the study.
This examination question consists of ( 12) printed pages only.

MAB 6013/MAL 1013 12
Q1. a) Please discuss 4 factors that affect infiltration. How these factors contribute to the
happening of flood or inundation.
(-I marks)
b) An initial infiltration was recorded as 5.5 cm/hr during 10 hours of rainfall. Given
that f c and k is 0.4 cm/hr and 0.32 respectively, determine;
i) Infiltration at 5 hours.
ii) Total infiltration within first 8 hours.
iii) Total infiltration between 5 and 10 hours from rainfall begin.
(6 marks)
(lOmarks)
Q2. a) Instrumentation for energy budget and mass transfer methods is not recommended
to be used in the estimation of evaporation. Give brief explanations and reasons
why the water budget method and use of evaporation pans are more common.
(4 mark!»
b) Estimate the monthly potential evapotranspiration for May. The mean monthly
temperatures are shown in the Table 2.1. The average relative humidity h is 50%.
The wind speed is 125 mi/day. Assume that n/D = 68%, y = 0.27, and r = 25% at
60° north latitude.
(6 marks)
(10 marks)
MAB 6013/MAL 1013 I3
Table 2.1: Monthly Temperature
~--
Month Jan I Feb I Mar Apr May June July Aug I Sep Oct Nov Dec
--
TmCoF) -1.5 I 5.2 I 30.2 I 40.2 58.1 75.5 70.3 67.5 51 40.2 31.2 -
~
15.2
-
TmC°C) -18.61 -14.9 I -1 I 4.6 14.5 24.2 21.3 19.7 10.6 4.6 -0.4 -9.3
l'C OF
60 140
ru
50
122
~
",..., -
B
ro 40 104 --~
'"'
8 ~
6 30 86 ./ I
~
20 - 68
V I
/
10 - 50
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Saturated vapor pressure, eo (mm Hg)
Figure 2.1: Relationship between Saturated Vapor Pressure and Temperature
, Values ofTemperarure-Dependent Coefficient B for Use in

the Penman Equation
Til. (CK) B (rom H 2O/day) To (CF) B (mm H 2O/day)
270 10.73 35 11.48

275 11.51 40 11.96
280 12.40 45 12.45
285 13.20 50 12.94
290 14.26 55 13A5
295 15.30 60 13.96
300 16.34 65 14.52
305 17.46 70 15.10
310 18.60 75 15.65
315 19.85 80 16.25
320 21.15 85 16.85
325 22.50 90 17.46
95 18.10
100 18.80
Note: B = (J'T~ where (J' is the Boltzmann constant, 2.01 X 10- 9 mm/day.
Source: After Criddle [23).
MAB 6013/MAL 1013 14
Tabulated Values of R, Mean Monthly Intensity of Solar Radiation on a Horizontal Surface,a

for Use in the Penman Equation
Latitude
(deg) J F M A M J J A S 0 N D
North 60 1.3 3.5 6.8 ILl 14.6 16.5 15.7 12.7 8.5 4.7 1.9 0.9
50 3.6 5.9 9.1 12.7 ]5.4 16.7 16.1 13.9 10.5 7.1 4.3 3.0
40 6.0 8.3 11.0 13.9 15.9 16.7 16.3 14.8 12.2 9.3 6.1 5.5
30 8.5 10.5 12.7 I-t8 16.0 16.5 16.2 15.3 13.5 11.3 9.1 7.9
20 10.8 12.3 !3.9 15.2 15.7 158 15.7 15.3 14,4 12.9 11.2 10.3
10 12.8 13.9 14.8 15.2 15.0 J-t8 14.8 15.0 14.9 l-U 13.1 12.4
a 14.5 15.0 15.2 14.7 13.9 13.4 13.5 14.2 14.9 15.0 14.6 143
South 10 158 15.7 15.1 13.8 12.4 11.6 119 13.0 14.4 15.3 15.7 15.8
20 16.8 16.0 14.6 125 107 9.0 10.0 11.5 13.5 153 16.4 16.9
30 17.3 15.8 i3.6 10.8 8.7 7.4 7.8 9.6 11.1 14.8 16.7 17.6
40 17.3 15.2 12.2 8.8 6.4 5.1 56 7.5 10.5 13.8 16.5 17.8
50 17.1 14.1 10.5 6.6 4.1 2.8 33 5.2 8.5 12.5 16.0 17.8
60 16.6 12.7 8.4 4.3 1.9 0.8 1.2 2.9 6.2 10.7 15.2 17.5
'Measured in mm H 20 evaporated per day.

Source' After Criddle {23].
Formulas
f = fe + (fo - fc)e(-kt)
FCt) = f; fCt) dt
FCt) = [fe + (fo - fJe-kt]dt
FCt) = fct + Cto fe) (1 _ e(-kt))
k
R 1 = R A (1 - r) (0.18 - 0.55 n/D)
RB = rTi[0.56 - (0.092 x je;)] [0.10 - (0.90 x ~)J
H=R1-Rs
Eo = 0.35 (e a - eo) (1 + 0.0098 U2)

MAB 60l3/MAL 1013 I5
Q3. a) Please discuss who are the Target Audience when using Universal Soil Loss
Equation (USLE) or Modified Universal Soil Loss Equation (MUSLE). What are
their Intended Use of applying USLE or MUSLE. What are the limitations of
using USLE
(2marks)
b) Please briei1y discuss the Ease of Use, the related problems and how well has it
worked so far in applying USLE or MUSLE
(2 mark.5)
c) The data required for calculating the regional sediment yield are shown in Table
4
3b. Total accumulation (Ati) in tons (x 10 ), the drainage areas (hectars), years of
accumulation (ni) and trap efficiency (%) are given for seven reservoirs.
i) Compute the unit accumulation (Ai) in tons/km 2/yr for each site i
ii) Use bi-variate regression analysis to obtain the best fit line between
2
sediment yield (toni km /year) and drainage area.
iii) What is the sediment accumulation rate for a proposed reservOIr with
drainage area of 715 km 2 and trap efficiency of 54%
(3 marks)
MAB 6013/MAL 1013 16
Table 3b
-
fite Area Number of Total Efficiency!

(km 2 ) years of Accumulation (%) I
accumulation (Ai) ( tons x I
I
(ni) 104) -
I 400 14 60 35
2 1100 30 290 60
3 800 - 16 120 52
4 900 18 180 58 -
5 1400 34 350 62
6 1000 20 180 68
7 1300 28 380 54
The monthly rainfall data for 2000 for watershed 'X' at station no. 1539001 are shown in Table
3c. The other parameters required for sheet erosion estimation are shown in Table 3d.
i) Estimate the rate of soil loss in tons perl acre Imonth for each month using Modified
Universal Soil Loss Equation
ii) Which month is the maximum and minimum value of the soil loss for the year 2000
What are the major factors influencing the soil loss estimated.
Table 3c (Year 2000) Table 3d
Precipitation --
Values
Months (mm) Erodibility Factor, K 0.078
January 236.5 --
Slope length factor, LS 0.66
February 313 Crop Management, CP
- 0.2
March 278 Drainage Area (acre)
- 50 - -
-- -
April 124.5 Coefficient of discharge, Cd 0.75
May 88
June 132 --
July 240.5
August 143
September 91.5
October 158.5 1 acre = 4046.86 m 2
November 198
December 336 =J (3 marks)
(10 marks)
MAB 6013/MAL 1013 17
Q4. A 3-ha catchment consists of pastures (n = 0.35) with an average slope 0.5%. The
width of the catchment is approximately 250 m, and the depression storage is
estimated to be 8 mm. Use nonlinear reservoir model to calculate the runoff from
the following IS-min rainfall excess.
(io marks)
I Time (min) Effective Rainfall (mm/h)

-
0-5 80
5-10
60

10-15
18
-
Q5. a) Briefly explain 3 (three) common purpose of flood routing. What is the
difference between hydraulic and hydrologic routing. Where can the hydrologic
and hydraulic routing commonly applied.
(2 marks)
b) Briefly discuss the effect of urbanization on flood routing hydrograph and their
attenuation downstream.
(2 marks)
MAB 60l3/MAL 1013 I8
c) The hydrograph at the upstream end of a river reach (x '= 0) at time t '= 0 is shown in
Table 5. Determine the hydro graph using Muskingum-Cunge method at distance x =
20 km. Assume a constant river width" B of 48 m. no flood plains, a bed slope So = 6
X 10-4 and wave speed c = 2.5m/s. Use subreach length 6X = 6km. Use the info in
Figure 5.
Table 5
-_ ..
t, hours 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
.
Q, m 3 /s 15 25 58 300 145 152 144 128 110 100

-_ ..
~-
t, hours 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 I 20
Q, mj/s 85 75 60 55 40 32 25 20 15 12 8
I -
(6 marks)
(10 marks)
CUITe for Dx/(eDt)

1.2
1 J
~
Z' 0.8 I
I
!
Q ~
~ 0.6 i I
~I
I
~
Q 0.4
I
--+------ - I
0.2 / II
I
!
I
I
I
I
I
J
I
I
I I f
! I
o i
o 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

x
Figure 5
MAB 60 13/MAL 1013 I 9
Q6. a) Explain the different lake eutrophication status using Vollenweider definition
and the Lake Phosphorus Loadings diagram.
(2 marks)
b) Table 6a shows the physical characteristics of Lake 'X'. Table 6b shows the data
for different type of P elements. Estimate the Total P-Ioadings for the 5 years
indicated in Table 6b. Which year has the highest P-Ioadings and explain why
(4 marks)
c) Develop a power function relationship between the various types of P and measured
inflow discharges in Table 6b. What are different values of the coefficients and
what can you suggest from the analysis
(4 marks)
(10 marks)
Table 6a: Lake 'X' data
~v_ar__i_ab_l_es ~j)a_ta--------------j
Average Depth _11m
I Lake Surface Area 35 km 2
Drainage Area 5 x 1O~ m2
Mean Outflow 15.5 n-1T":'/-s--
j
MAB 6013/MAL 1013 110
Table 6b
CHARACTERISTICS OF SURFACE DISCHARGE INTO LAKE 'X'

BASED ON MONTHLY DATA FOR 5 YEARS.
CONCENTRATIONS ARE GIVEN AS UN WEIGHTED
MEANS
Dissolved
Year Measured Soluble reactive P organic P Particulate P Total P
Discharges Concentrations Concentrations Concentrations Concentrations
(l/sec) (ug/I) ( ug/l) (ug/l) (ug/I)
2003 4264 2501 654 2258 5313- -
~.
2004
2005
6630
10494
2728
2300
364
< 50
2015
1467 -
5270§
3860
2006 11348 2856 < 50 1129 4116
2007 14324 2059 < 50 803 2892
MAB 60 13/MAL 1013 111
Formulas
LS ( X /22.13 )J11 (0.065 + 0.045s + 0.0065s 2)
Current recommendations (Wischmeier and Smith, 1978) for the exponent, In are:
m 0.5 if slope;:>: 5 %
III 0.4 jf slope < 5 % and> 3 %
111 OJ if slope::; 3 % and;:>: 1 %
In 0.2 if slope < 1 %.
II4
K = 2.1(10-4 )(12 - %OM)M + 3.25(81- 2) + 2.5(P1 - 3)
100
M = (%8 +%VFS)(100 -%CL)
"+1 = C Q" + C QJ1+1 + C Q" + C4

Q1+1 I 2 j 3 ·/+1 j
C =Kx+M/2 C = M/2-Kx
I D 2 D
C = K (1 - x) - t!1t / 2
C4
_qM&
] D
D
D=K(l-x)+M/2
Rr = 2: [(2.29 + 1.15 log Xi)Di] I
LS = L y, [0.Ol38 -r 0.00974S + 0.00138S 2 )
Lp = P * qs ( 1 -r (Tw) 'I,)
MAB 60 13/MAL 1013 I 12
~l ~Hl
I (t j + ---::-) - Q(H j + -3·-)
M!7 = -' ~1
- A(H + Mil)
j
3
1 (t + 261) _ Q(H + 2M!} )
) 3 )"
Ml =. -' 6t
3 26H
A(H + 2)
) 3
Hj+l=Hj+~
L't..H = ~L +- 36JI"
4 4
IJI •
y=I
- nl
I=} "
,,",1/1
L..,=l n ,
I acre == 4046.86 m 2 •
MAB6033 / MALl 03311
UTM
1'4(\lh\ "f
CI\'~l r.n::H~t't:'n11.2
UMVERSlTi TEKNOLOGI IMlMS1A
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 6033/MAL 1033
COURSE GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY
PROGRAMME MAG
DURATION 3 HOURS
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER ANY TWO (2) QUESTIONS FROM EACH SECTION.
2. THE QUESTIONS ARE OF EQUAL VALUES. THE FIGURE IN THE
RIGHT MARGIN INDICATES FULL MARKS.
3. USE SEPARATE ANSWER SCRIPT FOR EACH SECTION.
WARNING!
disciplinary actions and the faculty may recommend the student to be expelledFol11
the study.

MAB6033 / MAL103312
SECTION A
Q I. (a) A more consistent fresh water supply can be obtained from groundwater
aquifers. Describe in brief about this statement.
(5 marks)
(b) Is the porosity ever greater than the void ratio when both are measured on the
same soil sample?
(5 marks)
(c) A soil sample is collected in the field and place in a container with a volume
of 75 cm 3 . The mass of the soil at the natural moisture content is determined
to be 150.9g. The soil sample is then saturated with water and reweighed. The
saturated mass is 153.67 g. The sample is then over-dried to remove all the
water and reweighed. The dry mass is 126.34 g. Determine;
i. the soil porosity
II. the gravimetric water content
iii. the volumetric water content
iv. the particle density
v. the specific yield
(15 marks)
(20 marks)
MAB6033 JMALl03313
Q2. (a) With the help of sketches. differentiate between the concept of isotropic and
anisotropic occurring in aquifer material.
(5 marks)
6 I
(b) A confined aquifer has specific storage of 3.5 x 10- m- and a thickness of
200m. How much water would it yield if the water declined an average of
2.5m over a circular area with radius of375 m?
(5 marks)
(c) The following field data were taken at a nest of piezometers installed side by
side at a single site:
Piezometer No
A B ~
Elevation at surface (m)
200 200 200
Depth of piezometer (m)
60 20 10
Depth to static water level (m)
44 12 6
a) Calculate head at point A, B, C

b) Pressure head at A, B, C
c) Elevation head at A, B, C
d) Fluid pressure at A, B, C
e) The hydraulic gradient between A and Band, Band C
f) Draw the an equipotential line and a flow line
(15 marks)
(20 marks)
MAB6033 I MALJ03314
Q3. (a) Explain why water in the unsaturated zone cannot flow into a groundwater
well?
( 5 marks)
(b) The hydraulic conductivity to horizontal flow at a point In an aquifer is

6
5 x lO- m/s. the porous medium is anisotropic with K, five times greater than
Kz (x horizontal, z vertical). Measurements indicate a horizontal hydraulic
gradient on 0.002 and vertical gradient of 0.0006.
I. Calculate the x and z components of the specific discharge.
II. What hydrogeologic situation would lead to the directions of flow
indicate by this data?
(10 marks)
(c) A confined aquifer is pumped at flow rate 0.03 11 m 3 /s. Using Theis method,
calculate the drawdown at observation well 5 m from the production well if
3
the aquifer storage is 0.006 and aquifer transmissibility is 0.008 111 /s.
(10 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB6033 I MAL 103315
SECTIONB
Q4. (a) Explain the solute transport Advection-Dispersion Equations
(10 marks)
(b) Explain the followings:

(i) Methods of artificial recharge, and
(ii) Concepts of basin management
(15 marks)
(25 marks)
Q5. (a) Discuss the different goals for a groundwater remediation program.
(10 marks)
(b) A well screen 4 m in length is located 16 m below the groundwater table in

an unconfined aquifer having a permeability of 25 m/day. The freshwater
seawater interface exists at a depth of 40 m below the water table. What is
the maximum discharge that can be sustained from the well if a factor of
safety on is provided for not to cause the saltwater to intrude into the well.
(3 marks)
(c) By conductivity measurements in a well in a coastal aquifer extending 4 km

along the shore. the interface was located at a depth of 20m below msl at
100 m from the shore, inland. The depth of the homogeneoLis aquifer is 30
m below msl and has a permeability of 50 m/day. What are the rate of fresh
t r flow into the sea and the width of gap at the shore bottom through
MAB6033 I MALI 03316
which it escapes into the sea? What is the position of the toe of the saltwater
wedge? Use Glover's method.
If due to groundwater exploitation, the fresh water flow into the sea is
reduced by 60%, how far the toe will eventually move?
(]2 marks)
(25 marks)
Q6. (a)
Show that -o (T. - Oh) +-0 rT. -Oh) = s-
oh + W, where the symbols carry
ax xx ax oy , cy
I.' at
their usual meanings.
(8 marks)
(b) Consider a release of 1-barrel (42 gallons) TCE (Trichloroethylene) to

groundwater. Because the density of TCE is 1.468 glee, this value
corresponds to a release of about 230 kg. The solubility of TeE in water is
considered to be 1.1 giL It is assumed that the Darcy velocity is 15 ft/yr.
the soil porosity is 0.30, and that the retention NAPL saturation is 0.25.
Determine (i) the volume of groundwater to be contaminated, and (ii) time
to dissolve TCE into groundwater.
no marks)
(c) From conductivity measurements in two observation wells located at 150

and 225 m from the shore the fresh water-sea water interface was found to
be located at 15 and 22.5 m, respectively, below the top of the aquifer.
Determine the length of the fresh water-sea water interface from the
following data:
MAB6033 / MALl033!7
• Width of aquifer == 3 m
• Thickness of aquifer == 30 m
• Porosity of aquifer material = 20%
• Permeability of the aquifer = 50 m/day
(7 marks)
(25 marks)
EAB2153!1
Llt.'tllr\ ;II'
UTM
UNfVERSITi TEKliOLOGI MALAYSIA

c.\" d LnL:ln\'ln:l~
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE EAB2l53
COURSE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
PROGRAMME ENGINEERING DOCTORATE
DURATION 2 HOURS
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.
WARNING!
disciplinary actions and the faculty may recommend the student to be expelledfrom
the study.

EAB215312
PART A
Ql. (a) A well known researcher during an interview describes research as an

organised and systematic investigation into a specific problem,
undertaken with the objective of finding answers or solution to it.
Discuss why research has to be properly organised and carried out
systematically.
(10 marks)
(b) Two of the common types of research normally undertaken by

researchers are the Fundamental Research and Applied Research. By
giving at least one example for each type of research critically
discussed the differences between the two types of research.
(12 marks)
(c) Carrying out research investigations requires careful planning at the

different stages of the research work. Critically discuss how good
planning can be achieved during the literature review stage and what
are the consequences for failure to implement proper review of
literature.
(12 marks)
(Total 34 marks)
EAB2153 13
Q2. (a) (i) What are the main elements in a research proposal?
(ii) Using appropriate examples discuss the importance of the main
elements described in (i).
(20 marh)
(b) In report/thesis/dissertation writing, the final chapter is usually the

conclusion of the work carried out. Generally. it has been accepted
that it is one of the crucial chapters in report writing. Discuss the
characteristics of a good conclusion. Use suitable examples to
strengthen your points.
(13 marks)
(Total 33 marks)
EAB215314
Q3. The followings are common questions that were collected during a research
seminar organised by the faculty. Assuming that you have been assigned to
respond to these questions, describe the best answers to the questions.
(a) What is the definition of Research Design?

(b) What is the purpose of Research Design and what does Research
Design do to help the researcher?
(c) Explain the basic steps in the planning and conducting the research.
(d) What is the objective of Problem Formulation?
(e) Explain what are the common approaches of identification of problem.
(f) What are the methods or processes on formulating the problem?
(g) What is meant by literature review and why is it very important?
(h) Describe some common flaws in doing literature review.
(Total 33 marks)
EAB2163 I I
UNlVERSIT1 TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE EAB2I63
COURSE QUANTITATIVE A~AL YSIS
PROGRAMME ENGD
DURATION 3 HOURS
DATE APRIL 2010
2. THIS IS AN OPEN BOOK EXAMINATION. CANDIDATES ARE
ALLOWED TO BRING IN ANY NOTES INTO THE EXAM INATION
HALL.
WARNING!
Students caught copying/cheating during the examination )I'il! be liable jiJr
disciplinarv actions and the(acultv mClV recommend the student to be expelled/i'om
the study.

Answer Cl" questions
1) A study is undertaken to determine the effect of support on four stories building structure on
the structural strength of the pillars. Figure 1 shows the situation and Table 1 shows the data
obtained by conducting randomized experiments:
Figure 1
h support
8
Where h = height, d = depth and 8=angle
Table 1 : Experimental data
--
Angie
Control 8=30° 8=45° 8=60°

(without
support)
Strength d h Strength d h Strength d h Strength
50 1 3 64 1 3 84 1 2 70
-
54 2 5 68 2 4 89 2 4 72
64 3 6 70 3 5 92 3 6 75
55 4 8 73 4 6 90 4 7 76
62 5 7 72 5 7 94 5 9 78
- -
59 6 9 75 6 8 98 6 10 82
-
61 7 10 73 7 9 96 7 11 78
a) The minimum requirement for the pillar strength is 65 units. Use the t-test to show that
this requirement is not met by the control sample i.e. the sample without the support at
significance level a = 0.05. [ 10 marks 1
b) The pillar strength for the four samples are summarized using box plot as below:
The minimum requirement for the pillar strength is 65 units. Discuss the pillar strength
based on these box plots and propose the angle between the support and the ground
that give the maximum pillar strength. [ 10 marks 1
c) One of the purposes of this study is to determine whether the pillar strengths are the
same for the control and the differing angle between the support and the ground. The
following tables shows the results obtained from SPSS
ANOVA
STRENGTH
Sum of
Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between Groups 4124.964 3 1374.988 64.924 .000
Within Groups 508.286 24 21.179
Total 4633.250 27
Write a report based on this result. [20 marks]
3
d) One of the purposes of this study is to determine the relationship between the response
variable pillar strength and the explanatory variables depth of support in the ground and
the height of support. The following results was obtained using the Regression Analysis
using SPSS by analyzing the non control samples:
Correlations
DEPTH HEIGHT STRENGTH

DEPTH Pearson
1 971 (*') .703(**)
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000
N 28 28 28
HEIGHT Pearson
.971 (**) 1 .679(**)
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000
N 28 28 28
STRENGTH Pearson
.703(*') .679(**) 1
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000
N 28 28 28
** Correlation IS Significant at the 0.01 level (2-talled).
Model Summary
Std. Error of the

Model R Adjusted R Square Estimate
ANGLE>
Control
(Selected)
1 .619(a) .383 .314 8.22817
a Predictors: (Constant), HEIGHT, DEPTH
ANOVA(b,c)
Model
1
IRegression
Sum of
Squares
755.636
df
2
Mean
Square
377.818
F
5.581
SiQ.
.013(a)
Residual 1218.650 18 67.703
Total 1974.286 20
a Predictors: (Constant), HEIGHT, DEPTH
b Dependent Variable: STRENGTH
c Selecting only cases for which ANGLE> Control
4
Coefficients(a,b)
Unstandardized Standardized
Coefficients Coefficients
I
Model B I Std. Error Beta t SiQ.
1 Constant 83.428 5.978 13.956 .000
DEPTH 9.212 2.978 1.900 3.094 .006
HEIGHT -6.128 2.385 -1.578 -2.570 .019
a Dependent Vanable: STRENGTH
b Selectin9 only cases for which ANGLE> Control
Write a report based on these results. Predict the pillar strength if the depth of support in the
ground is 5 units and the height of support is 6 units.
[ 30 marks]
2) Interpret the results displayed in Table 3: Standardized estimated coefficients for the final path
model and Fig. 2 : Final path model of the article Rodney Anthony Stewart (2007). IT enhanced
project information management in construction: Pathways to improved performance and
strategic competitiveness.
[30 marks]
5
MAS 937311
,
UTM
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UNi¥ERSlT! TEKNOLOGi MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAS 9373
COURSE PRINCIPLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
PROGRAMME MAK
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER FIVE (5) QUESTIONS ONLY.
2. ANSWER IN TWO SEPERATED SHEET FOR SECTION A AND S
WARNING!
Students caught copyinglcheating during the examination will be Iiableror
disciplinary actions and the jaculty may recon/mend the student to be expelledfrom
the study.
This exam ination question consists of (6) printed pages only.

MAS 937312
Section A:
QI. (a) Sustainability concept is being discussed in many report and publications.
With an example of eco-campus tourism approach, discuss any possible
green technology and economic profit can be proposed.
(6 marks)
(b) Explain any 3 (THREE) subsidiary of legislation in Environmental

Quality Act 1974) based on their application and purpose.
(4 marks)
(c) Explain the impact of air pollution to the environment in term of global
warming, acid deposition and water contamination.
(5 marks)
(d) Explain the term of trans boundary pollution and give 2 (TWO) examples
of case studies relating to the transboundary pollution issue.
(5 marks)
(20 marks)
02. (a) Brietly discuss the term of environmental performance index (EPI). Name
1 (ONE) of the key aspects in evaluating the EPI.
(5 marks)
(b) Discuss any recent agenda to reduce the global warming effect.
(8 marks)
MAS 937313
(c) What are the main differences of Water Quality Index (WQn and Interim
National Water Standard (INWQS) in defining the quality of raw water
and water pollution?
(7 marks)
(20 marks)
Q3. (a) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of engineered water treatment
systems.
(5 marks)
(b) Sungai Danga and Segget will be developed as green sustainability city in
the 2015. However, the dreams will never come across since many doubts
of contam inants dumping to the river. Discuss 2 (TWO) methods of
implementing the rehabilitation programme, especially for treating the
point source and non-point source with combination of storm water
drainage. You may include the reuse and recycling water program in the
answer
(5 marks)
(c) Discuss the importance of service reservoir and its equalizing storage in
water distribution system.
(5 marks)
(d) Suggest some ways to control mosquito population tn either system of

floating aquatic plants or wetlands.
(5 marks)
(20 marks)
MAB 937314
Section B:
Q4. (a) Students in a graduate-level environmental engineering laboratory took

samples of the influent (raw sewage) and effluent (treated sewage) of a
municipal wastewater treatment plant. They used these samples to
determine the BOD rate constant (k). Would you expect the rate constants
to be the same or different? If different, which would be higher and why?
(6 markl)
(b) If the critical point in a 00 sag curve is found to be 18 km downstream

from the discharge point of untreated wastewater. would you expect the
critical point to move upstream (toward the discharge point). downstream.
or remain in the sample place, if the wastewater is treated?
(6 marb)
(c) The town of Montgomery discharges 17.360 m3/day of treated wastewater

into the Korangi Creek. The treated wastewater has a BODs of 12 mg/L
and a BOD decay constant, of 0.12/day at 20°e. Korangi Creek has a flow
rate of 0.43 m3 /s and an ultimate BOD. La of 5.0 mg/L. The DO of the
river is 6.5 mg/L and the DO of the wastewater is 1.0 mg/L Compute the
DO and initial ultimate BOD, La. after mixing.
(8 marks)
(20 mark~)
MAS 937315
Q5. (a) Define the terms palatable and potable water.
(6 marks)
(b) Define hardness. Differentiate between carbonate hardness and permanent

hardness. What is most common method of softening?
(7 marks)
(c) Chlorine is preferred as a disinfectant over ozone because it has residual.

Why the presence of residual is is important? In recent years ozone has
been replacing chlorine as the primary disinfectant. What are the
advantages and disadvantages of this?
(7 marks)
(20 marh)
MAB 937316
06. (a) Describe unit operation of pretreatment commonly applied in wastewater

treatment.
(8 marks)
(b) The town of Gatesville has been directed to upgrade primary WWTP to a
secondary plant that can meet an effluent standard of 30.0 mgfL BODS
and 30.0 mgfL SS. They have selected a completely mixed activated
sludge system. Assuming that BODS of the SS may be estimated as equal
to 63% of the SS concentration. estimate the required volume of the
aeration tank. The following data are available from the existing primary
plant:
Flow = 0.150 m 3 .s· l • B00 5= 84.0 mg.L· 1

Assume the following values for the growth constants: K s--" I 00 mg
BOOs.L· 1: flm=2.5 day"l. k d=0.05 da/. Y=0.50 mgVSS.mg· 1 BODs
removed
(12 marks)
(20 marks)
Formulas:
BOD 5=L o( l-e- kt)
K s (l + kd()c)
s =_-C:.
()c(f.1m -k d )-l
X = ()c(y)(So - S)
() (1 + kd()J
UAB0013!1
UTM
L"'1Jh',f
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UMVERSlTi TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE UAB 0013
COURSE PRINCIPLES OF ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT
PROGRAMME MAM/ MAE/ MAl/ MAK
DATE APRIL 2010
l. ANSWER FOUR (4) QUESTIONS ONLY. AT LEAST ONE (I)
QUESTION MUST BE ANSWERED FROM EACH PART
2. THE ANSWERS FOR PART A BAND C MUST BE MADE IN
SEPARATE BOOKLET RESPECTIVELY.
WARNING!
Students caught copying/cheating during the examination 1vill be liable/or
di.\·cl!JlinaJY actions and the Iacult}, may recommend the student to be expelledFum
the study.

UAB00131 2
PART A
QI. (a) Briefly describe the difference of the roles the manager at top
management and middle management. Also give the typical positions
of these two levels of management.
(12 marb)
(b) Empowerment and self management team have been the common
trend in management trend today. Briefly describe these trend which
are considered to be of importance in today's environment.
(13 marks)
(Total 25 mark.~)
Q2. (a) Why are some of the fundamental theory of scientific management
school of thought has been considered irrelevant today?
(12 marks)
(b) If you are the manager in an environment where you believe that the
workers are lazy, very difficult to control and dislike their job, what
should be your strategy to ensure that you can get full commitment
from the workers toward achieving the organizational goal?
(13 marks)
(Total 25 marks)
UABOOl31 3
PARTB
Q3. (a) One important function a manager performs is decision making. The
decisions he makes will have implications for the organization.
Critically discuss the steps that the manager must take in ordt:r to make
good decisions.
(16 mark.l)
(b) Some managers depend on their experience and intuition to make

individual decisions but other managers believe in group decisions
making.
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of individual and group

decision making.
(9 marks)
(Total 25 marks)
UAB00l31 4
Q4. (a) Planning is the first management function and it involves the steps to
be taken to achieve the objectives of the organization.
Critically analyze the importance of planning and the role managers

play in the planning and strategy making process in the organization.
(9 marks)
(b) Organizing is concerned with the assembling and the allocating of

resources in order to achieve the organization's goals.
Explain the factors that are imp0l1ant determinants of organizational

structure.
(8 mark~)
(c) For every situation of change, there is always the element of resistance.
Change creates uncertainty, loss and emotional turmoil.
Discuss the imp0l1ance of change in the organization.

(8 marks)
(Total 25 marks)
UABOOI3/6
06. (a) Describe the responsibilities of professionals toward the safety. health
and welfare of the public.
(5 marks)
(b) With the aid of an example describe how the Line Drawing Technique
can be used for solving ethical problem.
(8 marks)
(c) In order to complete a Master's Degree Programme, Ahmad must

develop a final year research report. As pal1 of the effort to develop
his report. Ahmad compiles a vast amount of data relevant to his
subject. The vast majority of data obtained by Ahmad strongly support
his research conclusions. However, there is a small portion of data
which is important to the research but does not support Ahmad's
conclusions. Concerned that the inclusion of the data would only
weakened the findings, Ahmad intentionally exclude the data from the
research report and hoping that nobody will notice it.
Study the above case and critically discuss the ethical issue that exist.
(J 2 marks)
(Total 25 marks)
30000010222999
SOALAN PEPEKIKSAAN
SEMESTER DISEMBER
2009/2010
FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN A WAM
UTM

SOALAN PEPERIKSAAN SEMESTER DISEMBER
2009/2010
BIL KOD MATA PELAJARAN NAMA MATA PELAJARAN MUKASURAT
I MAS 1013 /MAE 1013 ADVANCED STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

2 MAS 1033 / MAE 1033 STRUCTURAL ASSESSMENT AND REPAIR
3 MAS 1073 / MAE 1073 ADVANCED DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES
4 MAS 1113 / MAE 1113 STRUCTURAL WIND AND EARTHQUAKE ENGIN..
5 MAS 1133/ MAE 1133 ADVANCED MECHANICS OF MATERIAL
6 MAS 1163 /MAE 1163 THEORY OF PLATES AND SHELLS
7 MAR 1183 /MAE 1183 DESIGN OF PRE-STRESSED CONCRETE
8 MAS 1193 / MAE 1193 DESIGN OF PRECAST CONCRETE STRUCTURES
9 MAS 2013 / MAM 1013 CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT
10 MAS 2033 / MAM 1033 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
II MAS 2043 / MAM 1043 CONSTRUCTION LAW AND CONTRACT
12 MAS 2053 / MAM 1053 (P I) PROJECT PLANNING AND SCHEDULING
13 MAS 2053 / MAM 1053 (P2) PROJECT PLANNING AND SCHEDULING
14 MAS 2083 / MAM 1083 CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
15 MAS 2123 / MAM 1123 CONSTRUCTION PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
16 MAS 2214 (PI) PROJECT PLANNING AND SCHEDULING
17 MAS 2214 (P2) PROJECT PLANNING AND SCHEDULING
18 MAS 2253 COMMUNICATION AND STAKEHOLDER MANA ...
19 MAS 2263 PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AND REPORT ...
MAS 1013/MAE 1013[1
UTM
L1Vlih ,:t"
CI" d L:r:::1"tq-~1;":
UN1VERS1Tl TE~N()LOGI MAlA~SIA .
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 1013 / MAE 1013
COURSE ADVANCED STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
PROGRAMME MAE
DATE APRIL 2010
1) ANSWER THREE (3) QUESTIONS ONLY.
WARNING!
disciplinwy actions and the faculty may recommend the stl/dent to be expel!edji'olJl
the study.

MAB 1013/MAE 101312
Q1. a) Calculate. by principle of virtual work. the vertical displacement at

point A of the beam shown in Figure Q I. Assume the expression for
the displaced shape of the beam is v::: x( X 4) a + x' (x - 4) b where a
and b are constants and the coordinate x is measured from Band

positive to the right.
(27 1/3 marb)
b) Based on the result obtained in (a), comment whether the assumed

displacement function is an adm issible one.
(6 marks)
(33 1/3 mllrks~
Note:
t'd 2 (bv)
Internal virtual work due to bending bW
In
I ::: f
0 dx·
0
de
£1, '-';dx
- dx·
y. v
10 kN/m
Allllllllllljk;u
l C
~
i--2m~-+- 4m~---~
J=40x10 mm 4
6
E = 200000 MPa
FIGURE Ql
MAB 1013 / MAE 101313
Q2 The polynomial used to describe the flexural element shown in Figure Q2 is
displacement in terms of the nodal values as follows:
r
where
N, = I- I{ ~ )? + 18 ( ~ J 8( ~
N=-s(~Y +14(~)3 -8(~J
z
N3 =16(~J _32(~)3 +16(~J

N4 =X-4L(i)2 _SL(~)3 -2L(~J
Ns =L(i)2 _3L(~)3 +2L(~)4
a) Develop the stiffness k ff for the beam based on the above shape functions.
(20 marh)
b) If a positive point load of 20 kN is applied at node 3, calculate the vertical

displacement at node 3 and the rotation at node 2.
(13 1/3 mark.s)

(33 1/3 marks)
i.-------Ll2---
I
~
I
.. -----Ll2-- .
£1 = Constant
Figure Q2
MAS \013 / MAE \01314
Q3. Figure Q3 shovvs a truss structure subjected to load P at joint B. Joint S is a

hinge joint. Both members are axial force members with cross sectional area
1 1
AAB = 20 lllm and ABC = 6000 mm . The elasticity modulus. E for all
members is 200 GPa. By using second-order elastic analysis. calculate the
critical load P. Use P rer = 100 kN. Use Stiffness Method and Eigen value
analysis in your calculation.
(33 1/3 marks)
4m
2
X
>--:-~""';':"------~t--
~1 p
y B
.. x 6m
I· .. I
FIGURE Q3
MAB 1013! MAE 101315
Q4. A 3.6 m long fixed-ended beam with a concentrated load, P. at one-third point
is shown in Figure Q4. The load P is gradually increased. Using first-order
inelastic approach in your calculation. determine the displacements at point B
and the magnitude of load P when
(a) first plastic hinge formed in the beam.

(17 marks)
(b) second plastic hinge formed in the beam.
(161/3 marh)
Note: Use stiffness method and consider two elements in the beam. Assume E
= 200 GPa.I= 4 x 10 8 mm 4 , Zp = 3 X 106 mm 3 .
(33 1/3 marks)
3
P
~4
[!]
1.2 III
b ~
cf)6
~I
I:
3.6 III
--I
FIGURE Q4
MAB 1013 / MAE 101316
FORMULA
SOLUTION OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

v"+Aev=f(x)
where t~x) :::: polynomial
v= V l'
+1' JI
Complementary SolutiQl1'-:'
v/,,: "+ ACvc = 0
", =Asin(Ax)+BcoS(AX)
Particular Solution:
vp "+ A2 1' P = j'(x)
Vp =Co +C1X+CcX 2 +C3 X3 + ...
SOLVING OF 2 x 2 SIMULTANEUOS LINEAR EQUATIONS
ax+by = p
ex+dy =q
x=_ f. bq - dp )
\ ad-be
aq-ep
y=
ad -be
STIFFNESS MATRIX FOR TRUSS STRUCTURE
1 0 -1 0
k = EA 0 0 0 0
(' L -1 0 1 0
0 0 0 0
1 0 -1 0
F 0 1 0 -1
k}!. -
L -1 0 1 0
0 -1 0 I
MAS 10131 MAE 101317
TRANSFORMATION OF DISPLACEMENT VECTOR, FORCE VECTOR

AND STIFFNESS MATRIX
cose sine 0 0
-sine cose 0 0
Transformation matrix (Truss). T ==
0 0 cose sine
0 0 -sine cose
Q==TF
Where Q = member force vector (Local axis)
F == member force vector (Global axis)
u == Tv
v== TT u
Where u = member displacement vector (Local axis)
v = mcmber displacement vector (Global axis)
MATRIX INVERSE FORMULA
a
(e d
b)-I 1 ( d
- ad - be -e
-bJ
a
MATRIX DETERMINANT FORMULA
a bj
I =ad-be
( cd)
EIGENVALUES AND EIGENVECTOR
Av == (i)V where CD == eigenvalue of A, v = eigenvector of A
A==[K,t[ K R]
1
OJ==-
A
~, '" lP,d
characteristic polynomial p (OJ) == det (A - (VI) == 0 where I == Matrix Identity
MAB 1013/MAE 101318
STIFFNESS MATRIX FOR BEAM ELEMENT
( A-----------
r3 ,d 3
a) Elastic b) Plastic Hinge at end A
12 6 12 6 3 3 3
2 3 2
0
L 3
L L L L3
L 3
L2
6 4 6 2 0 0 0 0
2
- 2
-
L L L L k=EI 3 3 3
k=EI 0
12 6 12 6 L 3
L 3
L2
L
3
L
2
e I! 3
0
3 3
-
6 2 6 4 L 2
L 2
L
2
- 2
-
L L L L
c) Plastic Hinge at end B d) Plastic Hinges at both ends A and B
I]
k~E}~J
L
1
3
L
3
-
L
2
L
3
L
3
3
2
0
0
k=EI
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3 3
0
t L
2
L
3
0 0 0 0
MAB 1033/ MAE 1033 11
UTM
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UM\'ERsm TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 1033/ MAE 1033
COURSE STRUCTURAL ASSESSMENT AND REPAIR
PROGRAMME MAE
DATE APRIL 2010
1) ANSWER FOUR QUESTIONS ONLY. AT LEAST ONE (1) QUESTION MUST
BE FROM EACH SECTION.
WARNING!
Students caught copying!cheating during the examination will be liable for disciplinary
actions and the j(Jculty fI!CZV recommend the student to be expelledfrom the study.

MAS J 033/ MAE 1033 12
SECTION A
Ql. (a) Write a short paragraph on any three (3) of the following topics
(i) Mechanism of Corrosion of reinforcement
(ii) Load effects on reinforced concrete
(iii) Thermal effects on Reinforced Concrete Structures
(iv) Faulty workmanship in Construction
(6 marks)
(b) Figure Ql-b, shows a concrete bridge with columns subject to tidal
cycle (wet and dry). From your knowledge. elaborate in detail what
possible problems will the bridge suffer from in a long run.
(7 marks)
(c) Figure QI(c)-L Figure QI(c)-2 are two common structural problems.
From your knowledge and observation, discuss the probable causes of
the problems. How do you assess them and elaborate on the best
method to repair them.
(12 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 10331 MAE 1033 I 3
Figure Q1 (b)
Figure QI (c)-I Figure QI (c)-2
FIGURE Ql
MAS 10331 MAE 1033 14
Q2. (a) What is your opinion on the use of recycled materials and waste
products in construction works? Relate your answer to the strength and
durability of the structures.
(8 mark~)
(b) Why is it important to determine the cause rather than the effect of
structural defects, damage or deterioration before carrying out any repair
work? Elaborate your answer with a suitable example.
(8 marks)
(c) The common problem with physical patch repair IS compatibility

between ne\\> and old materials. Why is it important to consider this and
what consequences if this aspect is not taken into account?
(9 marks)
(25 marks)
Mi\B 10331 MAE ]033 Is
SECTION B
Q3. A businessman is planning to invest a huge sum of money for purchasing an

existing office building to be converted into an industrial building, which
would house heavy laboratory equipment for a medium size manufacturing
facility. Cracks and spalling are observed in various beams and columns in
the existing 3-storey concrete structure. and the prospective property buyer is
concerned about the structural integrity of the building. A structural
engineering consulting company has been appointed to carry out the building
inspection and assessment prior to the acquisition of the property.
(a) List down the importance of carrying-out building inspection and

structural assessment before the purchase of the building.
(5 marks)
(b) Assuming that your company is appointed to carry out the inspection
and assessment work, describe with the aid of a flowchart, the major
activities of your proposed structural testing programme for the
building.
(9 marks)
(c) Explain briefly, with the aid of suitable sketches, how would you
operate and use the following NDT equipment in your structural testing
of the building:
i) The Concrete Covermeter
ii) The Rebound Hammer
iii) The Pulse Ultrasonic Measurement Device
(6 marks)
MAS 10331 MAE 1033 16
(d) If the structural inspection and assessment work involves the use of
concrete coring and core testing, describe briefly. with the aid of suitable
sketches, how the concrete core would be prepared prior to the
compression test.
(5 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB J 033/ MAE 1033 I7
Q4. A multi-rurpose sport centre owned by the State Sport Council

collapsed under wind loads significantly less than those required under
applicable design standards. Located in a sub-urban area of the city. the
sport facility collapsed during a thunderstorm, resulting from the
buckling of the steel roof frame, with two people dead and ten seriously
injured. A forensic engineering team of four structural engineers was
assigned by the National Sports Council to assess the fai led structure
and wind damage in the surrounding area, and collect relevant data such
as plans, specifications and design calculations.
(a) With the understanding of the general similarity between a crime

scene investigation and a forensic structural engineering
investigation, list down a possible work process flow that would be
involved in the forensic investigation of the collapsed sport facility.
(10 marks)
(b) Identify and describe briefly an important structural modelling work

that would be required in this investigation.
(5 marks)
(c) Discuss briefly the legal implications resulting from the collapse,
from the perspectives of various parties involved.
(5 marks)
(d) List down the responsibilities of the expert witness in the litigation
process resulting from this incident.
(5 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 10331 MAE 1033 I 8
SECTION C
Q5. (a) Describe what is Risk-based Inspection (RBI) and discuss how RBI
could provide economic benefits to oil and gas operators.
(5 marks)
(b) Outline three (3) categories of damage in a typical steel building

structure. Explain why defects due to design errors and poor material
se lection are detrimental to the integrity of structures.
(8 mark.l)
(c) A reinforced concrete bridge near to a logistic jetty has been

deteriorating because of exposure to harsh marine environment near
Desaru Beach in Johor. Some of the damaged concrete piers are
recommended to be repaired and strengthened. With the aid of suitable
diagrams or sketches. evaluate and explain the following items:
i) The use of enlargement and composite methods 111 repaIrIng the

columns;
ii) Long term protection strategies to reduce the future defects due to
corrosion of steel reinforcement.
(12 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 1033/ MAE 1033 19
Q6. (a) Describe about two (2) of the following terms In risk and reliability
method for assessment.
i) Variabi lity in resistance or capacity of a structure

ii) Performance Monitoring of risk control strategies
iii) Consequence Analysis
(6 marb)
(b) Compare the features and their advantages (and disadvantages) of the
following risk modeling approaches
i) Quantitative Method
ii) Semi-quantitative Method
iii) Fully-quantitative Method
(8 marks)
(c) Propose and evaluate three (3) possible methods for repair and
strengthening that can be carried out for a damaged tubular bracing of an
offshore steel leg structure at about 10m below the water surface after
an intense impact by an anchor of a ship.
(11 marh~
(25 marks)
MAB lOn/MAE 1073 I1
UTM
1J,l.'lIh ;f
( I ~);':):ln·;n;.;
llNIVERsm TE"NOlOG! MI<LA\'SIA .
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB lOn/MAE 1073
COURSE ADVANCED DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES
PROGRAMME MAE
DURATION 3 HOURS
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER THREE (3) QUESTIONS ONLY

2. ALL WORKS SHOULD BE BASED ON BS 5950 PART lAND PART 3.1
WARNING!
Students caught copying/cheating during the examination will be liablelor disciplinOl)'
actions and the faculty //lay recummend the studentta be expelledfi'om the study
This exam ination question consists of (10) printed pages on Iy.

MAS lon/MAE Ion 12
Ql. (a) With reference to a 'load deflection curve' diagram, explain the following
terms.
I. Elastic and plastic analysis
II. First-order and second-order analysis
Ill. Linear and non-linear analysis
(6 //larks)
(b) Sketch the simple, rigid and semi-rigid type connections.

(6 marks)
(c) Figure Q1 shows the elevation view of a 3 bay 4 storey steel frame. The
frame is 4.5m centers to centers. The frame is supposed to carry the
following loadings:
At rooflevel Dead Load = 3.0 kN/m 2
Imposed Load = 1.5 kN/m 2
At floor level Dead Load = 4.5 kN/m 2
Imposed Load = 2.5 kN/m 2
The frame is designed Llsing S275 steel with semi-rigid connections. Design
the critical mcmbers of the frame only Llsing the semi-continuous
construction based on the standardized connection as provided in Table Q1.
Assume the frame is braced on both directions.
(I8 marks)
(d) Discuss the impact to the design of the frame if a continuous construction
method is lIsed in the design instead.
1
(3 - marks)
3
1
(33 - marks)
3
MAB 1073/MAE 1073 I3
Roof Level
I; Floor 3
y _______---\-- -----+----------1
Floor 2
Floor 1
/ / / / / /
9m 9m 9m
A I-E(:..----» < ---~ D
FIGURE Ql
_ /)./h
<p = Fh/(12EK c )
Values of ¢
MAS 1073/MAE 1073 14
Table QI and Q2: Standardised connection's table for QI and Q2.
Wind Momelll C01lnections

2 rows M24 8.8 bolts
250 x 15 5275 extended end plate
Beam· 5275 and 5355
15 250
Beam serial Dimension Moment >< ~ >
80 90 80
size 'A' capacity I I
-< >-< >-< >
---
_.
I I I
(mm) (kNm)
y r-~-r-
II
(F r1 ; j', 10 40
~_.~- - , -
242kN;
.. f-+
"" "(set nOTes)
CV ~
"" I
"'C ,F'21 306k~~ 60~ .-

'Vi 686 x 254 610 358 "i \ 8
~ I>
" ~
! I
E "
""
i
I
~ )
I
C';l
4:,
I
Cl)
610 X 229 535 317 " g
I
I
""
I M Optional
CO V- I
V ~heCir
I
J..
I
" C
"
" '"
E
e;
I
.. I
ow
533 x 210 462 277 " 90'" TI

X ..t-- .......
" I
"I
.. ~
I
" 60 y
I" I --+:
457 x 191 387 236 "I I (LFrl 548kN-t I....
10 1
~see notes) 40'"
...............I
!
II
,
I
" ! Vertical shear capacity

" 739kN without shear rQw
1003kN with sh~ar rovv
294 195
..
$275 5355
Panel Tension zone Column Tension zone Panel
shear Compression serial size Compression shear
capacity F" F" ZOne zone F" F'2 capacity
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kN) (kN) (kN)
1000 356 < 36B y 202 1300
849
725
·
153
177 1110
944
605 ·
129 . 788
1037 305 305 x 198 1350
816 " 158 1060
703 137 916
Cl) 595 118 775
"'C 503 97 G49
'iii 882 254 x 254 x 167 1150
c: 685 132 893
E 551 107 718
:::s 434 301
89 566
'0 360 274
S 14361 73 289
465
() 459 · 203 y 203 ¥ 86
598
353 276 S 15721 71
293 460
322 221 S (4401 60 269 415
272
245 204
· 131
100
S 13601 52 215 351
46 129 316
Tension zone:
.F r1 F,-"
Column satisfactory for holt row t(:::nsion values shown tOI lile tJt::drn side:
xxx Calculate reduced moment capacity uSlrlg the reduced bol~ row value
Compression zone:
. Column capacIty exceeds" F

"
S (xxx) Column requires stiffenir'lg to resist .. Ff (value is the column web capacity).
\1AB I073/MAE 1073 I 5
Q2. (a) Explain the difference in analysis and design between multi-storey un
braced steel frame and multi-storey braced steel frame
(5 marks)
(b) Figure Q2 shows an un-factored wind loading applied to an un-braced steel

frame bending on major axis. The frame is assumed braced on minor axis
(Lex ~ 1.5L and Ley = l.OL) and the longitudinal span between the frames is
4.0111 on centers. The slab is a pre-cast slab type and the beam is laterally
restrained. Design the frame using a wind moment method by carrying out
the following checks based on the specifications given below.
(Use case 2: 1.2(D.L + I.L + W.L).
i. Check the design of roof beam and floor beam at third floor on ly.
(7 marks)
ii.Check the design of external and internal column between 3'd and 4 th floor.
(7 marks)
iii.Check the sway (inter-drift) of the column between 3'd and 4 th floor with
semi-rigid connection
(7 marks)
iv. Check the adequacy of the connections on 3'd floor using the standardized
connection table as shown in Table Q2.
1
(7 - marks)
3
1
(33 - marks)
3
SPECIFICA TIONS
Structural steel grade 5355. All loads given are un-factored load. Assume all
beams are laterally restrained an pre-cast slab is used. The imposed load should be
reduced by 10% for each noor level and lip to 50%.
Dead load for roof 3.0 k~;m2
Wind load at rooflevel 20 kN/m"
Wind load at each floor level
MAS 1073/MAE 1073 16
Imposed load for roof 1.50 kN!m"

Dead load for floors 4.5 kN/m"
Imposed load for floors 5.0 kNim"
Size of roof beam 305;.;102x33 UB
Size of rest of floor beams 457x 191 x67 US
Size of external column from 3'd floor to roof floor 203;.;203;.;71 UC
td
Size of internal column from 3 floor to roof floor 254x254;.;89 UC
td
Size of external column from ground floor to 3 floor 305x305;.; 118UC
Size of internal column from ground £loor to 3'd floor 356;.;368x 153 UC
oar
• --
Fourth fi oar
r=.. ..
....
I Third fio or j
..
3.5m
•
4.5m
U 4 41
6m 6m
FIGURE Q2. Un-braced steel frame bending on major axis with rigid column base
MAB J073/MAE 1073 17
Q3. (a) Explain the difference in moment capacity between Iinear interaction
method and stress block method.
(3 lIIurk,I')
(b) Explain the difference between full and partial shear connector design.
(3 /Ilurks)
(c) Figure Q3 shows a profiled decking slab supported by a steel beam of size
457x 191 x67UB to form a composite beam. Use slab with normal weight
concrete of design strength C30 and steel grade of S355 to check the design
of the beam based on the information given below.
(Characteristic strength of headed studs in normal weight concrete as
shown in Table Q3)
Un-factored dead load (during and after construction) = 5.0 kN/m 2

Un-factored imposed load (during construction) = 1.5 kN/m 2
Un-factored imposed load (after construction) = 3.0 kN/m 2
Use stud per trough at a distance of300mm from centre to centre.
i) Check the moment capacity of the beam during construction
(4 marks)
ii) Check whether the beam is classified as composite beam if one stud
per trough is installed (19mm diameter stud with stud height after
welding at 95mm) based on stress block method
(8 mark.l)
iii) Check the moment capacity of the composite beam after

construction using stress block method if one stud per trough is
installed using 22mm diameter stud with stud height after welding
at 95mm.
(8 marks)
MAS 1073/MAE 1073 I 8
iv) Check the moment capacity of the composite beam after

construction using linear interaction method if two studs per trough
is installed using 22mlTI diameter stud with stud height after
welding at 95mm.
_1
(/ - mar s)
k
3
1
(33 - marks)
3
1 5m
35m
1 Floor plan
.. 12m
Un-propped construction
A142 mesh
90r
50
T
150
~
-... ------...-IIf-.-. ------.I.. ... ...------<...-
(mm)
300 300 300
Figure Q3 Plan view of composite beam and cross-section of profiled decking slab
Table Q3 Characteristic strength of headed studs in normal weight concrete

-,
Dimensions of stud Characteristic strength I
2 I
Shear connectors(mm) _ I--0f concrete (l'//m m ) ________
..- .... _ - - - - - - - - - j
Diameter Nominal As-welded 2S 30 3S 40 i
height height i
25- -
_._ 100 95 146 TJ-s4----r-J61---T--1-68--
~-_._-
22 -
100 95 ] ]9 ]26 I ]32 I 139
]9 100 95 95 ]00 104 109
- I
]9 75 70 82 87 I 91 96 .
19 75 70 70 74 i 78 82.=j
L.....13 65 60 44 47 ~9 -r-----s"J
I ~
. J
MAB lOn/MAE 1073 I9
Q4. Figure Q4 shows a simple supported welded plate girder spanning at 18m usrng
steel of Grade 275 subjected to two point loads at Band C.
Each point load consists of characteristic dead load of 400 kN and characteristic
imposed load of 200 kN respectively. The girder also carries characteristic
distributed dead load of 20 kN/m (including self-weight) and 25 kN/m of imposed
load. The compression flange is laterally restrained against lateral torsional
buckling throughoLlt the span.
I. Classify the section and check minimum web thickness for serviceability
and minimum web to avoid flange buckling
(6 marb)
11. Draw the bending and shear force diagrams and check the adequacy of the
moment capacity
(6 marh)
Ill. Check the adequacy of shear capacity for panel AB.

(3 marh)
IV. Determine whether end anchorage to panel AB is required or not

(6 marh)
v. Check the adequacy of end post at AA' to provide end anchorage to panel
AB.
1
(12 - marks)
3
1
(33 - marks)
3
MJ\B lOn/MAE Ion I 10
2 x 150 x 16
! !
All Intermediate Stiffness 2 x 80 x 8 2 x 150 x 16
Lm""""""""""[",,n""I"""I"~""I"""III""[1j
-1 r +. 3000 3000 "1 4 3000 , . 3000 .. I· 3000"~ 30001 ~

SOOmm SOOIllIll
A'A B c D E F F'
L = 450
+
I ~-_..1
I 40
d=12
~
h = 1800 x
1
I
--------jI 40
FIGURE Q4 Simple supported plate girder with two point loads.
MAB 1113/MAE 1113 I I
,I'
UTM
IJtuii\
: LJ"d iJPl';.'
UNiVERsn TEKNOLOGI M4LA'iSlA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 1113/MAE 1113
COURSE STRUCTURAL WIND AND EARTHQUAKE

ENGINEERING
PROGRAMME MAE
DATE APRIL 2010
I. ANSWER ALL THREE (3) QUESTIONS.
2. PLEASE CIRCLE THE QUESTION NUMBERS ANSWERED ON THE
FRONT PAGE OF YOUR ANSWER SCRIPT.
WARNING!
Students caught copyinglcheoting dl/ring the eX({IlIination will be lioble/()r
discip/inorJ' actions and the locullv /11av recolJJmend the stlldent to be l'xpelledFolll
the stlf{~V
This exam ination question consists of (6) printed pages only.

MAB I I 13/MAF I 1J 312
Ql. A five-storey office building located in .lohor Bahru with dimensions and
properties given in Figure Q I is subject to earthquake loads. Assume the total
stiffness along the height of concrete columns fi'om bottom to the top floors
have the properties of elastic modulus (E) is 200 kN/mm c, and the moment of
inertia (I) is 8.3 x 10(; mm.j. The structural damping factor for the bu i Id ing is
3% and shear wave velocity of greater than 800 m/sec. Each storey dead load
is 10.000 kN. Calculate the horizontal distribution load along the height of the
bui Id ing, the total base shear and base moment using UBC-94, IBC-2000 and
Euro code 8.
(40 marks;
1~<Il- 8m~·~
E 'co 200 kN/mm 2

1 -~ 8.3 x 106 mm'l
("" 3%
5@4m
/ ' / / / / / / / / /.J
FIGURE Ql
MAB I 113/MAE II 1313
Q2. A 50-m high building with dimension or 30 m x 60 m in plan is located in a

suburban terrain. where the surrounding buildings located within 457 m
radius. have the maximum heigbt of 18 lll. The topography is homogenous or
tlat. while the basic wind speed is 54 m/s. The natural frequency of the
build ing is assumed to be more than 1 Hz.
(a) Analyze the building in order to obtain the wind pressure for main
wind frame resisting system (MWFRS) of the building when the wind
blows in the direction that is parallel to the long dimension of the
building.
(16 marks)
(b) Generate the wind pressure exerted to the windward wall of the
building if the same building in (a) is located on an escarpment as
shown in Figure 02. Take the height above ground level. z. as 0 to 5m,
10m, 15m. 25m, 35m and 50 m.
(] 0 marks)
(c) Specify the change of the pressure exerted to the windward wall of the
building when the location of building is changed from a flat terrain to
the escarpment as shown in Figure 02.
(-I marks)
(30 mark!»
MAfi IIIJfM~L lili
4
Wind
H = 24m
30 III -
FIGURE Q2
MAB I I 13/MAE II 1314
Wind
15m
30 m
FIGURE Q2
MAB 1I 131M AE I I I315
Q3. (a) State the role of natural frequency in determining the wind pressure
exerted to the buildings.
(3 murks)
(b) Evaluate the natural frequency for horizontal motion of the steel frame
in Figure 03. Assume the horizontal girder to be infinitely rigid and
neglect the mass of the columns. Both columns AS and EF have the
moment of inertia of 11 while column CD has the moment of inertia of
h, where 11 is 3.45 X 10 7 I11m l and his 7.08 X 10 7 111m I. The modulus
of elasticity, E, of the steel frame is 200 GPa.
no marks)
(c) A 70-story building with a square plan of 36m x 36m has a
fundamental natural frequency 0.134 Hz, and damping coefficient /3.
0.02. The building is an enclosed building in Category II and is located
in a flat terrain with exposure type B. If the basic design wind speed is
48 mls and the storey height is 3.5 m, assess the values of the wind
pressure exerted to the building and plot the wind pressure onto a 3
dimensional sketch of the building.
(}7 marks)
(30 mark.\)
Total weight = 100 kN
4111 4
I~<-----~) I<E-(--_m__ -.:o;,.> I
FIGURE Q3
MAS] J] 3/MAE 1] J 316
EQUATIONS
The symbols indicate parameters usually used.
Conversion of units:
1 m ~. 3.28 ft
1 mis = 2.24 mph
Dynamic analysis
]. Two extreme cases of lateral stiffhess of frame with fixed support:
a) Ifbeam is rigid, El h :::- Cf)
12El
k= I ---,--'
l:olUIl1I1S h-
b) If beam has no stiffness, El h '=' 0
k = I 3E1.
columns h
2. a) . h two en dS f-Ixe,
For unl·f'orm co Ilimn Wit d k 12El
= ~~"-'
11'
b) for a uniform column with one end fixed and the other pinned.
3El,
k=-- 3
11
3. Equation of Illotion for undamped shear building for free vibration analysis is:
[M ]{ii} + [K ]{u} = 0
The standard solution for the above equation is:
{u} = {a}sin(wl- a)
MAB 1 J 33/MAE 113311
UTM
I'-,l.uiii\ ~l
(I'. tl t n:.:!nrrf!n~
UNIVERsm TEKNOlOGI MALA¥SIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 1133/MAE J 133
COURSE ADV ANCED MECHANICS OF MATERIAL
PROGRAMME MAE
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER FOUR (4) QUESTIONS ONLY.
WARNING!
Students caughlcopying/cheating during the examination will be liable/or
disciplinwy actions and the/acuIty may recommend the student to be expe!!edji-017l
the study.

MAB 1133/MAE 1133 \
Q I. Based on the tensorial notation, simplify the following expressions:

(5 marks)
a) &A'lk~pc5pl
(5 marks)
b) .5"m.lkcnlk
(15 marks)
c) (A x B) . (C x D)
(25 marks)
Q2. The governing equation for three-dimensional scalar problem can be written as:
a) Write the above equation using subscript tensor notation.

(15 marks)
b) For an isotropic case where k :::: k x == k y == k z ' show that the above equation
can be written as:
(10 marks)
kVT == Q
(25 marks)
Q3. a) If a vector is given as Ii. :::: cijk Tjk , determine its component, f2
(10 marks)
b) Expand and simplify the expression DijXiXj if Dij == -Dji ·

(15 marks)
(25 marks)
40 10 25]
cij:::: 10 35 0 x 10- 6
[
25 0 10
The isotropic elastic constants and the stress components
expressed as the followings: are respectively
1 ,.1+11
E 11(3,.1 + 211) ,
A
V==--
2(,.1+11)'
ACkkOij + 2Wij .
MAS I 163/MAE [1631 I
UTM
LH'IJll\ ~d
CI\ d Ln.::n'HXf;n~
UNiVERsm TEKNOLOGI MALAVSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAS 1163/MAE 1163
COURSE THEORY OF PLATES AND SHELLS
PROGRAMME MAE
DATE APRIL 2010
1) ANSWER THREE (3) QUESTIONS ONLY.
WARNING!
discipl inary actions and the facility may recommend the stlldent 10 be expelledfrom
the study.
T is examination question consists of (9) printed pages only.

MAB 1163/MAE 116312
Ql. (a) Discuss on the 'Upper Bound' or Kinematical Theorem and 'Lower
Bound' or Statical Theorem in slab structures.
(6 marks)
(b) Figure Ql(a) shows a triangular shaped reinforced concrete slab. The
slab is loaded by a uniformly distributed load. If the slab is fixed along
the longer edge BC and it is also supported by two columns as shown,
sketch three possible collapse mechanisms for the slab.
(7 marks)
(c) An isotropic slab ABCD is simply supported along two edges AB and
CD, and is restrained along edge Be as shown in Figure QI (b). The slab
2
is subjected to a uniformly distributed loading of 12 kN/m • The collapse
mechanism of the slab is shown in the figure with the formation of two
positive yield lines and one negative yield line along edge Be. If the
moment of resistance for the negative yield line is twice the moment of
resistance for the positive yield line, calculate the maximum moment of
resistance for the slab.
(20 marks)
(33 marks)
MAB I 163/MAE 1]6313
f-2.S rn-i Columns

A ,
,,
k
o
T
2.7 m
5m
lB~~~~~m5(~~~~C -........
1-..- - - - - - 1 0 m--------:~I
FIGURE Ql(a)
3m
1------ 5 m --~---
FIGURE Ql(b)
MAS 1163/MAE 116314
Q2. A rectangular plate, PQRS, shown in figure Q2 is clamped (fixed) along PS

and SR and simply supported along PQ and QR. The plate carries point loads
of 50 kN at point 2 and 40 kN at point 3. The plate is also subjected to a
uniformly distributed load of 5 kN/m 2 over all its area. The plate is elastic and
isotropic with a modulus of elasticity of 30 kN/mm 2 and a Poisson's ratio of
0.3. The thickness of the plate is 100 mm.
(a) Using the square mesh of side 2 m shown in the figure, calculate by finite
difference methods the deflections at points 1, 2 and 3.
(23 marh)
(b) Calculate the values of the bending moments Mn My per unit width at
points 1,2 and 3.
(10 marks)
(33 marks)
t
2m
4m -l
1
1--- -4 -----1-4
m .. I
m ---
FIGURE Q2
MAB 1163/MAE 116315
Q3. (a) A spherical shell with a radius of 18 m is supported on a ring beam at A

and B as shown in Figure Q3. The shell subtends an angle of 120 0 at point
O. The self weight of the shell material is 0.025 kN/m 2 of the surface area
of the shell. The imposed load on the shell is 2 kN/m 2 measured on the
plan area. There is also an internal pressure of 1 kN/m 2 acting underneath
the shell surface. Calculate the values of the meridional force (N~) and
hoop force (N e) in the shell surface at the ring beam.
(20 marks)
Ring
Beam
R = 18 rri\ R = 18 ill
120 0
..... ~'---...... ...
", I ~:
". I .:
. I
,
I
I
,
I
I
""I.:
.\
o
FIGURE Q3
MAB I 163/MAE 116316
(c) Using the membrane theory. derive the three equilibrium equations given
below for a semi circular cylindrical shells of radius, R, subjected by
external loads per unit area of pr, p,p and px. All notations carry the usual
meanings.
N,p-p,R=O
aN¢ RaN<¢
~-+ +p¢R=O
a,p ax
aN aN"",,
R--~+--+Rp =0
ax at/J x
(13 marh)
(33 marks)
MAB 1163/MAE 116317
Q4. (a) Prove that the differential equation for bending of thin cylindrical shells
due to loads that are variable in the x-direction and uniformly distributed
in the ~-direction can expressed as follows:
a\,v Etw PI"

-~+~-=--
ax 4
DR 2
D
where w, E, t, D and R are the radial deflection, Young's modulus,
thickness, bending stiffness and radius of the cylinder wall respectively.
pr is the radial load per unit area.
(24 marks)
(b) A semi circular-cylindrical shell roof has a radius R and a span L. Both
ends of the roof are supported vertically by flexible walls which offer no
longitudinal restraint on the roof. The self weight of the roof is w per unit
surface area of the roof. Obtain the general expressions for the
longitudinal force, Nx and the circumferential force, N If. in the roof due to
the above loading. Please use the three equilibrium equations given below
to solve the problems.
Nq,-p,R=O
oNq, RoNxq,
-~+--+p R=O
o¢ ox q,
R oNx + aNd>., +Rp. =0

ox o¢ x
(9 marks)
(33 marks)
MAB 1163/MAE 116318
FORMULA
Plate Bending Governing Equation
z~ .. X
1
i
1
/).4
w
Bending Moments
D ®
AI = - 2
x L1
CDQ-22XI) vV
®
MAS I 163/MAE 116319
,"vI =-D J L
~ J ( 8x 2
8.~3J,2
t.')
8.. .2.),..
H.,' - +
CD
1vl l' = -D- 0~W
. i1~
CD
MAB 1183/MAE 118311
UTM
UNI\'ERsm TEl(~OlOGI MAlAl'SIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB I I 83/MAE 1183
COURSE DESIGN OF PRE-STRESSED CONCRETE
PROGRAMME MAE
DURATION 3 HOURS
DATE APRIL 2010
2. ALL SOLUTIONS SHOULD BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH BS 8110: PART
I : 1997 AND BS 8110: PART II: 1985.
3. THIS IS AN OPEN BOOK EXAMINATION. CANDIDATES ARE
ALLOWED TO BRING ALL REFERENCE MATERIALS INTO THE
EXAMINATION ROOM.
WARNING!
Students caught copyinglcheating during the examination will be liable for
disciplinary actions and the Jacliity may recommend the student to be expelledFol1l
the study.
This examination question consists of( 9) printed pages only.

MAB I I83/MAE 118312
Ql. A pre-tensioned prestressed concrete JKR T-beam is simply suppol1ed over a

span of 18.9 m. Details of the beam are as shown in Figure QI. The following
information is given:
3
• Class I category; unit weight of concrete, Ycol1crete == 25 kN/m
0.9; ~
2
• a == == 0.72; Aps == 150 mm
2
• Ec == 30 kN/mm 2 ; Eps == 195 kN/mm
(a) Calculate the stress limits at transfer and service

(2 marks)
(b) Determine the eccentricities of the strand at quarter-span and mid-span

of the beam
(4 marks)
(c) Estimate the total service moment, Ms and hence determine the total
superimposed loads (Gk+Qk) acting on the beam
(10 marks)
(d) Check whether the working stresses at quarter-span and mid-span of

the beam are within the allowable limits or not
(10 marh)
(e) Considering a composite section of the deck with a transformed width

of slab equals 900 mm and a thickness of 200 mm, calculate the
ultimate moment of resistance of the beam at mid-span. You can stop
your calculations when the percentage difference between compressive
and tensile forces is less or equals to 5%. Neglect the effect of strands
in compression and start with x equals 350 mm.
(1-1 mark.l)
(40 marks)
MAB 1183/MAE 118313
.--------.---- ---'-l
800
GENERAL NOTES.
r'l-·----6-.2.-0--~f9
1. NOMINAL CONCRETE CovER ~ 35mm
2. PRESTRESSING STRAND SHALL BE 15.7mm SEvEN WIRE
TC~ ~:~:
LOW RELAXAnON STRAND AND SHALL COMPLY WITH 8S 5696; 1960
3. MINIMUM ULTIMATE STRENGTH (UTS) PER STRAND TO BE 261 kN
15.7mm - UTS 251KN

4. ALL STR.ANOS TO BE STRESSED TO 75% UTS
I 250 250 I
5. ALL REINFORCEMENT SHALL BE HIGH TE"SILE STEEL CONFORM TO
BS 4449 WIn-l CHARACTERISTIC STRENGTH 460MPa
en
()) 6. CHARACTERISnC STRENGTH OF CONCRETE OF PRETRESSED BEAM
co
SHALL BE 50MPa
7. MINIMUM CUBE STRENGTH AT TRANSFER SHALL BE 45MPa
6. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN mm UNLESS STATED OTHERWISE
9. THICKNESS OF DECK SLAB TO BE 200mm
Properties Values Unit
AREA 351850 mm2
Ixx 260842 x 10
8 mm 4
TYPICAL SECTION
yl 531.28 mm
]@50=150 y2 363.72 mm
r-----I l
@-ir- -o:F L]f 0- -
SECTION PROPERTIES
~- I
I
-- DEBONDING LENGTH FROM DETAIL TOTAL STRAND
OEBONDED
BOTH ENDS Of
BEAMS (mm)
I 5700
I Fl. F2. F3. F4 4
4500 E1. E2. E3, E4 6

o 010 l- 0
It)
G2. G3
I I' 2300 D1. 02, 03. 04 4
°
010 0 T
-0 0 0
o 1000 Al. M. B1. B4 6
o 0 0 0 C2, C3
o 0, I 0 0
-00\00 TOTAL DEBONDED 20
TOTAL STRAND 28
DEBONDING TABLE
PRESTRESSING STRAND
LOCATION
FIGURE Ql
j
MAB 1183fMA E 118314
Q2. ( i) As a senior design engineer at a structural engineering consulting firm.

you are required to decide on the prestressing method (pre-tensioned or
post-tensioned) for the following projects. Please justify your choice.
PROJECT A
A 5-span highway bridge is to be constructed across a river in a very
remote area with a nearest town located aboLlt 100 km away. A total
number of 100 precast prestressed concrete beams; each spann ing 35 m
will be used in the project.
PROJECTB
An elevated highway bridge for a new ring road is to be constructed in
the middle of Johor Bahru city. Due to some constraints, the elevated
bridge spans between 25 to 30 metres. A total number of 550 precast
prestressed concrete beams will be used in the project.
(10 marh)
(ii) Figure Q2 shows the details of a post-tensioned wide T-beam for an

elevated bridge project. Using the information given below and in the
details shown in Figure Q2,
(a) Calculate the average prestressing force in all the

tendons taken into account only losses of prestress due
to friction and anchorage draw-in of 6 mm.
(]O marks)
(b) Determine an equivalent T20 closed loop link behind

the anchorage live end of Cable A. (In the drawing, 6
turns of spiral link with 16111m diameter and 50 mm
pitch were used.)
(] 0 marks)
(30 marks)
MAS I I 83/MAE 1183 I 5
~ \ ',J(.U
~,(};~i
l
lI
--I
~H;DED
5Ef~.IDt~IIDDF,
APEA'
FL~I~~~GOUT
'
rcc c
I" 1770
:
"I
~..
I FC'R' S OF' BE< q
t5 T'l.IRI~·~, c,r T I (>n-",rn oJ LALlllrll}C, AND ,I,'.
SPIR.~l PITCH S(>mm, viti·,> PURPO:,E';'
~
" ' / '. '
365mrn 1,).[.1
.,' ,'/ I
-'-'"
"fIChOR T (Pc .>, 1, i -1
C':'.8LE :..
': 8£>(l r: n-.J F'I<Jt-:" 'i!D),:::::: -I~"BLE .c,
~I,E EIK'0.lICHORAG[
:::':J(' ~rTI 2.9'~·!
' rnrTI)
~~'~gr .,- '. C:-:C"~'i . - GSmm 'J UFm·IG ~olLES ;\"jL rIPE E TUIDr)IJ
~' :: ~' (rrP) 111m :,- \.) OP EOl,ll'i"'LUJTj
f"' -----.. ~
'"
VI' t -
o
(:)
r·
~
~
/
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r ·
:~I§t(P T, Pc ",_I " _ .~- • •. , [2] / I
:" . 81
\B~IJrl'·,'J Plat!" ('_'''';
.... L::::::.
--C~BLEDID81 !'tJCHO";~I'l
!" ,:; ,. ,-, .-,
2S":' I-(,r-, , 29n 111)'1 ~l'"",~"-'; '~!_>;.'- o
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I ~2 ~ OE~C, Elm -3f '-C
i i , I'E
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.-'Of
L,
; : ' 0 , _ 19 OF [(jU[/ALEI H,
,-. (,F Tl6'mn-,

CLBLE 82 I 660
fUPI1'~ ;J-l
DEAD DID AHCHO/,;'AGE
~f~~:Al PITCH r.'OmrY,. END BLOCK DETAILS ("/5L r (PE H TEI~Dm~
'\r.J:::>mrr, 0 [I
~'\..''''''LE 1 2,) 1~lJm 5 -1 9 ALTEPNATI\'E
1 TyPE II OR EOUIVA,LEllr)
VIEW A
S,CALt 1 =:0
FIGURE Q2(a)
L
MAS 1183/MAE 118316
CABLE tk·, OF TEI'IDNJ J"C~:'I'~\:; FORCE

t.,I:'PK SiPANDS UrJIT
\,Ei'·CH)
81 & 82 19 .5-19 2651

'------~~-
C,~BLE
L'JCLTliJl'jS (\~
f"lll",,/j ".,
------
CABLE
DIST FROlA SOFFIT ECCDHF'lCITy
Mt.Rf<
--
,tT '"',T "T I "T
SUPPORT [,.'IID SP,AN SUPPORT tvllD ')P~f~
f--------
A, 1350 IGO
oJ 962
81 & 82 350 100 I
Wooble factor, k = 0.002 1m; Il = 0.25

2
E s = 196 kN/mm 2 ; Aflj = 5625.9 mm
FIGURE Q2(b)
' - - - . . _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- --------~-----,,---------
MAB 1183/MAE 118317
Q2. Figure Q3(a) shows a longitudinal section of a simply supported post

tensioned prestressed concrete wide T-beam spanning 36 m. The section
properties at mid span and the corresponding cable properties and
arrangements are shown in Figure Q3(b).
(a) Check the value of maximum shear stress in accordance with clause
4.3.8.2 ofBS 8110
(5 marks)
(b) Design for shear at a section 4 m from the support

(20 mark.,,)
(c) Sketch a practical arrangement of the shear links at the considered

section
(5 marks)
(30 marks)
Data:
feu = 50 N/ mm 2 ; overall depth, h = 2085 mm
fpu = 1860 NI mm 2 ; Aps = 100 mm 2 (per strand)
Total Dead load (including sclfweight) = 28 kN/m
Total Superimposed Live Load = 25 kN/m
p = 0.72; 6,. = 220 mm
Effect of inclined tendon should be neglected at cracked section.
Shear Links:
fyl' = 250 N/mm 2 and diameter = 12 mm
MAB 1183/\1AE 1183/8
r
~"
2
1 '~~"~M~~"_"~""'~#"M"""='~~_".!:"~~_~=~'"''''''
I a !
!
I
I""
II
........I
:"_".. _"""'_'''".."""" "_""'"'"","W"_"'""""""W~"W"~""~~"~ """""W"#"~""_"___ Olsr.....cE rROf.l ~oFm OF' 9E.~ TO" ~ or CABLE. _"W~_W_"_~ __"__"".__
~"w __ w."._ _"_www .._"w=""""",,,","WW_ _ WWWW'""WW"W_W_"~
6200 (X-L(:;" I(L' 1+ 100 -'

t-_'WWW"'"WW'"'",W_'"'MWWMWW",,"=WWWWW._,=WW._ _ @_,_ _WW_ _. W " , _ M _ , _ = _ -1000 {X-L,t2f ,t(L')+ 100 '""I
Lor\JGITUDIN.AL SECTION
Cable Profile Equation from Soffit a (radian)

A 6200(x-Ll2)2/L2 + 100 6200(2x-L) IL 2
Bl & B2 1000(x-Ll2i/L2 + 100 1000(2x-L) IL 2
FIGURE Q3(a)
MAS 1183/MAE I 183/9
DLSTljtLC r:_wEJ1QJ~::L.;~Q_EfJI,_,_ 0 F ,J3.J;.61yJ

8£AM
TYPE:
I3t:AM
LEHCTH, L
CABLE.
MAR.: ~
~,'
UPI':.PT
1>"
MID-SPAN
!
I
t ~, ---if ~ ~/~l-~cr,~ n
__ ~ -100''--''1
" •.•
""".~"" _____ ,,,,,,"m~
L (mm) ... ._2.?~~

TlO
.:l&DOO 81 &. 82 350 -1001
SECTION PROPERTIES
Jog)
"" 1'""(L~
P -' c'" 'T'f P,\ E
~-, . . r-' I" t,"
(~
' - .:J.::J j\jl.,J
")'.. /\
,~,
G''! L L
r'"
~ F'~'
J
36m SPt,N "'" """ mm' II I

~ ,,,:~::,;:
C"'lltf !lZ~\\
ISTRANDS
8F=~, 4-;;r'"' "
\1
CABLE. No,OF IJACVi~,jC FORCE mm'
- i~j-~~
MARl';
(EACH)
(KN)
I
A 1';1 26~1
81 & 82 19 2651
SECTiON /",
- ~ ~
1\
(MI, dirnenS:OflS in (nm)
FIGURE Q3(b)
MAB 1193 / MAE 1193 , I
UTM
F'Cl!ln ,11
C', rJ [" !i~Hh'--L'nq:..:
UNlVERsm TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
!COlJRSE CODE MAB 1193 / MAE 1193
ICOURSE DESIGN OF PRECAST CONCRETE STRUCTURES
IPROGRAMME MAE
DURATION 3 HOURS
DATE APRIL 2010
I. ANSWER ANY THREE (3) QUESTIONS ONLY
2. ALL QUESTIONS CARRY EQUAL MARKS
3. ALL DESIGN CALCULATIONS SHOULD BE BASED ON BS 8110:
PART I: 1997 (AMMENDMENTS 2005/2007)
WARNING!
disciplinmy actions and the faculty may recommend the student to be expelled}i'om
the study.
This examination question consists of (II) printed pages only.

MAS 1193 / VIAE 119312
Q l. (a) Figure Q I shows a cross section of a precast reinforced concrete edge

beam supporting precast hollow core concrete slabs of 10m long x 250
1
mm deep, weighing 4.0 kN/m inclusive of the weight of the in-situ infill
concrete. The ends of the cores in the floor slabs have been open for a
distance of 600 mm to permit the placement of cast in-situ concrete and
tied to the beam by the projecting reinforcing bars shown in the figure.
The beam also supports exterior brickwall, which is constructed after the
floor is completed. Given that the effective span of the beam is 7.0 m. and
the characteristics beam loading is as follows, calculate the area of flexural
reinforcement, As and sketch typical reinforcement arrangements.
Selfweight of beam = 3.4 kN/m

Selfweight of brickwall = 14.0 kN/m
Imposed floor live load = 5.0 kN/m 2
Other design data arc as follows:

feu = 40 N/mm 2 for the precast beam'!c'lI = 25 N/mm 2 for the in-situ infill
and h. = 500 N/mm for the main reinforcement. Use cover to main bars
2
=
50mm.
(20 marks)
(b) From the maximum shear force and using the strut and tie method,
calculate the shear link requirement in the boot. Use friction coefficient
2
between the two concretes, J.1 = 0.70 and J;,,, = 500 N/mm for the links.
Hint: The design should be done in two stages, before and after the in-situ
concrete has been added to the ends ofthe slab.
(10 marks)
(c) Explain, without resorting to calculation, how would you design the
projecting bars at the interface between the beam and the floor slab.
1
(3 - marks)
3
1
(33 l1lark~)
3
MAB 1193 I MAE 119313
: 160
,( ),
:
I I In-situconcr~le intill in
open ended hollow core
50 I 600
~'«-(----------3>
,
I
o
I
I
__________________-1;;;r250
o "-""'-'-'--~--r---,.----'t-------~~-------" - -- - - - - ---.
00
I
The hollow core is also
I supported at its end
I o
o Projecting bar
'<1"
360
(All dimensions are in mm unless stated)
FIGURE Ql
Table 1: Cross Sectional Area Based on Size and Number of Bars
Bar Number of Bars

Perimeter
1----
size 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 (mm)
(mm)
6 28.3 56.6 84.9 113 141 170 198 226 18.9
8 50.3 101 151 201 251 302 352 402 25.1
10 78.6 157 236 314 393 471 550 629 31.4
12 113 226 339 453 566 679 792 905 37.7

16 201 402 603 805 1006 1207 1408 1609 50.3
20 314 629 943 1257 1571 1886 2200 2514 62.9
25 491 982 1473 1964 2455 2946 3438 3929 78.6

32 805 1609 2414 3218 4023 4827 5632 6437 100.6
40 1257 2514 3771 5029 6286 7543 8800 10057 125.7
MAB 1193/ MAE 119314
Q2. (a) (i) Discuss the manufacture and design of precast prestressed hollow
core units (HCU) produced by either the slip forming or extrusion
technique.
(ii) Sketch a typical HCU cross section.
(iii) Sketch the typical load vs. span graph for the limiting capacity of the
HCUs, showing where the design criteria changes with increasing
span.
(10 marh)
(b) A 265 mm deep "BS 8110 Class 2 structure" precast prestressed hollow
core unit (HCU) shown in Figure Q3 is pretensioned using 10 no. of 12.5
mm diameter helical strands. Each strand is initially stressed up to 115 kN.
Geometric properties and material data of the HCU given by the
manufacturer are as follows:
HCU properties:
Second moment of area = 1575 x 106 mm 4 , cross sectional area = 180 x
3 2
10 mm , height to centroidal axis from bottom = 130 mm, cover to
centroid of strands = 40 mm and HCU's concrete cube strength /::11 = 50
N/mm 2 . Final losses in service = 20%.
If structural topping with 75 mm thickness is added to the HCU shown in

Figure Q2, calculate the ultimate bending moment of the composite slab
using the two-stage design approach. Also, determine the maximum
ultimate imposed loading. The floor is simply supported over an effective
span of 8 m. The precamber of the HCU may be assumed as span/300
without loss of accuracy. Use t,l = 30 N/mm 2 for the structural topping
and concrete density = 24 kN/m 3 .
1
(23 - marks)
3
MAB 1193 / MAE 119315
Centroid ofHCU
1155mm
I
1200 mm nominal
FIGURE Q2
MAS 1193 / MAE 11931 G
03. (a) Describe the two ways of maintaining stability in precast concrete
buildings.
- 1 k
()-mars)
3
(b) A simply supported 6 m x 57 m precast floor slab field layout is shown in

Figure 03. Shear walls are positioned at A and S as shown in the diagram.
The floor diaphragm is subjected to an ultimate horizontal uniformly
distributed load of 4 kN/m run. The thickness and material specification
for the walls are identical. The floor slab is hollow cored units of 200 mm
deep. Using deep horizontal beam model, determine the following: .
(i) Draw the shear force and bending moment diagram of the floor
diaphragm.
(5 marh)
(ii) Calculate the maximum diaphragm reinforcement required in the
2
floor layout. Useh', = 500 N/mm and J./ = 5.0.
(10 marks)
(iii) Check the horizontal shear stresses in the longitudinal, Tv and
transverse, Tx with the limiting values in CI. 5.3.7: BS 8110: Part 1:
1997.
(8 marks)
(iv) Sketch the diaphragm reinforcement in the plan view.

(5 marks)
1
(33'3 marks)
MAD 1193 / MAE 119317
4 kN/m
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~
A B
I I
I
Shear wall I
I
:
I
Shear wall ,
I
I I
:< E ( - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ~I
I
, 57m I
FIGURE Q3
Formula not available in BS 8110:

_ l;Elx
Shear centre, x = -",
El
L..
·
Horlzonta I reactions
. .In bracing
. /sear
h wa II s, -H == -",-
n En l n
'" n l n a n2
± eE
H L..E;li L..Ei1ial
Tie force for combined bending and shear, T = Tq + Tb == _v_

(n+l)Jl'
+ Mh
z
Horizontal shear stress in the longitudinal joint, Ty = z (v0-30)

y
Horizontal shear stress in the transverse joint, Tx = ~

10000
where z = B for maximum shear force with zero moment

z = 0.8B maximum shear force with minimum moment
v:x _- vyAy'
I
MAB 1193 / MAE 119318
04. (a) Explain briefly, the concept of designing the following precast concrete
columns:
(i) Columns with pinned connections (cantilever columns) in unbraced
frames
(ii) Columns with rigid connections in unbraced frames
(lO marks)
(b) A two-storey precast concrete column in non-sway frame is shown in

Figure 04. The frame is constructed using pinned beam-to-column
connections and pinned column-to-base. To provide global stability, the
frame is braced by an independent lateral stability system of cast in-situ
shear wall. The column carries symmetrical beam end reactions, V on
either side as shown in the figure. The distance from the face of column to
the point load, V is 60 mm. The unfactored beam end reactions on both
sides of the column, Vare given as follows:
-
Building Level Unfactored Dead Unfactored Live
Reaction (kN) Reaction (kN)
Level 2 80 30
Level 1 120 90
Column properties:
fell = 60 N/mm 2
Iv = 500 N/mm 2 •
Cover to 10 mm diameter links = 35 mm.
(i) Calculate the maximum and minimum axial loads and moments in
the column.
(ii) Draw the bending moment and axial column load diagrams.
(iii) Design the column to satisfy the gravity loads.
1
(23 - markl)
3
1
(333" marks)
£,\\93\9
MAB \ \93 1MA
o
MAS 1193/ MAE 1193110
Q5. (a) Discuss briefly the importance of moment rotation characteristics In
designing the stability of the overall precast concrete frames.

(10 marks)
(b) Figure Q5 shows a simple connection using RHS steel section. The 500
mm deep x 300 mm wide precast beam is supported by the steel
rectangular section embedded in the column. The size of RHS section is
150 mm deep x 100 mm wide. The RHS section is subjected to an ultimate
load of 120 kN acting at 75 mm from the column face.
Design Properties:
j~lI= 40 N/mm for precast beam and column
2
.f;, = 500 N/mm 2 for steel reinforcement bars

.f;, = 500 N/mm 2 for welded bars
Cover to all steel bars = 30 mm
Nominal gap between end of beam to column face = 20 mm
Cover to 10 mm diameter links = 35 mm.
Design the RHS support and also the corresponding vertical bars welded
to the RHS.
1
(23 - mark!»
3
1
(33'3 marks)
MAS 1193/ MAE J 193111
250 kN
----------------
----------------
1
j~1 II IFiF
Precast
I
,
,
,
" "
Column ,I ,
, 350
I
I
J I
Precast Beam o
,
I
I
oL{)
I
--i .......
~~~~~~~~~~~~-~ r--=
I
1
I
,
I
150
':.-:.-:.-:.,-:.-:.-:.-:.-:.:.-:. .=...::...: c=-:
RHS
Beam's cross
insert
section
FIGURE Q5
(All dimensions in mm unless stated)
MAB 2013 1 MAM 101311
UTM
Ll"lllr\
(1\11 Ln~lfhL'"n::
UNr~ERsm TEKwOlOGI MALAVSiA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 20131 MAM 1013
COURSE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PROGRAMME MAM/ENG.D
DATE APRIL 2010
I. ANSWER ANY TWO (2) QUESTIONS FROM SECTION A AND TWO (2)
Q.-UESTIONS FROM SECTION B
WARNING!
Students caught copyingiCheating during the exarnination 1vill be hableft)r
disciplinmy actifms-and thefaculty may recommend the student to be expel!edFom
- ::=.. .,. - ':::.._- the study.
This~xami.nation question consists of (5) printed pages only.
.. >~,~, >::::"""";-""··_,-"-<""l~:W'"'-t...fiaww ~ 4'i::r>:-·.~-
-~:i:.:..:-_~:::- '- :.,' -"~;~~~~~):.i

MAB 2013/ MAM 1013 \ 2
SECTION A
Ql. a) Discuss two (2) performance measures of project besides time, cost and
quality
(6 marks)
b) Briefly discuss three (3) characteristics and three (3) qualities of becoming
good and competent project manager.
(12 marks)
c) Briefly explain important management activities that may govern good quality
of workmanship
(7 marks)
(25 marks)
Q2. a) Briefly discuss three (3) advantages of using Industrialised Building System.
(9 marks)
b) nD modeling IS one of the method to integrate the process of project

development. Briefly discuss in the contact of Building Information
Modelling (BlM).
(8 marks)
c) Monitoring and control is essential during construction stage. Explain with

example, an effective way of managing material.
(8 marks)
(25 marks)
I.,
MAB 2013 IMAM 1013 \ 3
Q3. a) Briefly discuss three (3) engineering laws that have been incorporated in the
steps of innovative problem solving and how these laws govern the steps.
(13 marks)
b) The cost of procurement is high if steps to manage and control them are not
properly taken. Briefly discuss, ways to minimize the procurement cost.
(12 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 2013 / MA M 101314
SECTION B
Q4. a) The design stage has been considered as the most critical stage in construction
project development.
Discuss the different approach toward the achieving the desi gn solution by
using the traditional approach and collaborative teamwork approach.
(15 marb)
b) Describe how partnering approach can be integrated into any of the current
project delivery system to achieve the integration between design and
construction process.
(10 marks)
(25 marks)
Q5. a) Information sharing among key project stakeholders is very impOitant in

construction project. Briefly discuss .: the limitation of information sharing
process among project members in traditional construction environment.
(12 marb)
b) Briefly describe five (5) important project information that can be shared
among project team members without jeopardising any contracting parties'
right for secrecy of personal information.
(13 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 2013 / MAM 101315
Q6. a) Lean construction philosophy is regarded as approach that need to be

supported by other approaches before it could be practically implemented.
Briefly discuss why?
(13 marks)
b) Descri be the concept of benchmarking and its benefits for construction

project.
Also indicate three areas related to construction work process that can be
benchmarked against similar practice in other industry for improvement.
(12 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 2033/MAM 1033 I1
UTM
LtlHh\ .)f
Cill! U)~lll"l'nn~
UNiVERsm fEKNOlOGI MALA¥SIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAR 2033/MAM 1033
COURSE CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY
PROGRAMME MAM/MAE/MAJ
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER ANY FOUR (4) QUESTIONS ONLY.
WARNING!
Students caught copying/cheating during the examination will be liable/or disciplinar,V
actions and thefaculty'77wyrecommend the student to be expelledfrom the study.
"---"-"'---'
"'~---'-,- -,'
..........
-~---'-~.-
. ~.~ ..- -':::'t'1~L '"':'.~;z:' _.----.~.'''''-':',... ....
.. :,"';:~i.;;.';'~~",,_, "';'"".,
MAB 2033/MAM 1033 I 2
Ql. (a) For a major project like dam, preliminary site investigation (SI) is
particularly essential when one needs to select the most suitable location for
the dam construction. Scope and method are different from detailed SI as its
purpose is geared towards acquiring basic and simple data for preliminary
assessment of a site.
Name one method in preliminary SI for selecting suitable site for a dam.
(2 marks)
With regard to the method chosen above, give an example of the type of
documentation (source of reference) that can provide the essential data for
selecting suitable dam sites.
(3 marks)
(b) Instrumentation is often considered as part of data acquisition system for

detailed SI and monitoring of changes in the essential conditions of an area
during and after construction. During post-construction stage of major
structure like dam, what is the main purpose of instrumentation?
(3 marks)
(c) Two boreholes (BHI and BH2) were sunk for detailed investigation of a
proposed road cut with typical cross-section as shown in I l (not to
scale). The distance between the BHs is about 20 m. For this particular
cross-section of the road cut, the types of substrata materials for the 2
boreholes are shown in Table I and Table 2, respectively.
MAB 203 3/MAM 1033 I 3
BH2
BUl
I
\ I
\ I
\ I
\ I
\ I
\ I
\ I
\ I
\
Proposed road-cut I
\ I
\ I
\ I
\ I
\ I
\ I
\ I
\ I
\ I
Figure l: Cross-section of road-cut and BH layout
Table l: Borelog for BH 1
Depth below ground I Description of substrata Sampling

--
level materials
0.0 m to 2.0 m Greyish CLA Y Sampling &in situ
tests
2.0 m to 4.5 m Yellowish SAND Sampling & in situ
test
4.5 m to 6.0 m
Slightly weathered GRANITE Coring & RQD
End of borehole
-~-_.~----_ .. _--_.,.
Table 2: Borelog for BH2
IDepth below ground

level
------------ -------------J------
Description of substrata
materials
Sampling
, 0.0 m to 2.5 m Greyish CLAY Sampling &in situ

tests
2.5 m to 5.0 m Yellowish SAND Sampling & in situ I
test
5.0111 to 8.0 m Slightly weathered GRANITE Coring & RQD
End of borehole .-L ~_L ~ _
MAB 2033/MAM 1033 I4
Based on the borehole log, plot the substrata profile for the section
between BHl and BH2.
(4 marks)
If the finished level of the proposed road along the plotted section is
designed at 7 m below ground surface. specify the types of substrata
material that need to be excavated.
(3 marks)
As shown in Table 1 and 2, in situ tests were conducted when drilling

through soil materials, name this in situ test.
(2 marks)
Based on Table 1 and 2, name the type of soil that must be sampled using
LTD sampler. What is the purpose of the UD samples for this particular
project?
(4 marks)
Cd) Rock core sample obtained from BH2 is shown in h.\,w\' .:-: for the core
length obtained (recovery] 00 %), calculate the RQD in %?
(4 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 2033/MAM 1033 I 5
95 mm
,,
125
90 mm
75 mm
100
, .
120 I
,,
,,
140
'" I
,. ' 1500 mm (core length)
90mm
125
75 mm
95 mm
70 mm
KEY:
70 mm
--------- Fractures induced
110
by drilling
120 Natural joints
Figure 2: Core sample obtained from borehole BH2

MAB 2033/MAM 1033 I 6
Q2. Two granite rock masses have been selected for construction of bypass tunnel
which will accommodate 2 double-lanes carriageway. The dimension and shape
of the proposed tunnel is shown in Figure 3. Figure 4( a) and 4(b) show the typical
appearance of these two rock masses. Rock mass 4(a) exhibits one joint set with
RQD close to 100%. Rock mass 4(b) exhibits 2 intersecting joint sets and RQD
value less than 50 %. The material strengths of both rocks are almost similar.
Answer the following questions
12m
/
/ --- -... -..... .........
/
./
"" "
\
6m / \
I \
I
I
I
----- --1
Figure 3: Proposed shape and dimension of underground cavern
[a] rb]
Figure 4: The appearance of the granite rock masses: (a) massive with one joint set
(b) highly jointed. with two intersecting joint sets
\1AB 2033/MAM 1033 I 7
(a) Based on the RQD value, which rock mass exhibit a larger joint spacing?
State a reason for your answer.
(3 marks)
(b) Based on the RQD value. which rock mass will be easier to excavate?
State a reason for your answer.
(3 marh)
(c) Discuss briefly why rock mass 4(a) has a longer stand-up time than rock
mass 4(b). Use appropriate schematic diagram to explain your answer.
(5 marks)
(d) If rock mass 4(b) were to be selected for the construction of the bypass
tunnel, state one major problem with regard to its excavation if excavation
work is to be undertaken in full-face.
(4 marks)
(e) Based on the rock mass rating (RMR) of the rock mass 4(b), it is highly
recommended to excavate the tunnel with maximum roof-span of 4 m.
This will help to increase the stand-up time for installation of temporary
support system on the roof section. The RMR also indicates that it is
practically SAFE to excavate near vertical walls of more than 6 m height
in this rock. Recommend the stage/sequence of excavation that is most
appropriate if multiple-headings method is selected for excavation of this
tunnel.
(5 marks)
MAB 2033/MAM 1033 I 8
(f) It is decided to employ full-face excavation by drilling and blasting

method for excavation of the tunnel portal (entry). F 01' the blasting
operation, the limit for the maximum travel distance offlyrock has been set
at 300 m by the relevant authority. Following this limitations, two blast
designs have been proposed as below (Table 3). Select which blast design
is most suitable for the blasting operation. Use Figure 5 to obtain your
answer.
(5 marks)
(25 marks)
Table 3: Blast Designs
I Diameter of blast hole - Powder factor/Specific charge

Blast design A 100mm 0.30 kg/m}
. -~---
Blast design B 70mm 0.55 kg/m]
Mllxltllllltl If'llvullflu DII\1111ICO or HYl'oG!< HH II FlIlH;lIoll of
Specific Charge (Powder Factor) and Blasthole Diameter
/"
/
/
<....(!) ./
/ ./
/
////"
, / . // " -
:0l.--_ _--.-_ _ --/OE::-_ _r--_ _.. ..,-,_ _--,., ,..-_ _..-, _
01 (.~, 0:' V.; t)~, C& 07 i:J{j
Figure 5: Maximum traveling distance of Dyrock as function of Specific Charge

(Powder Factor) and Blasthole Diameter
MAB 2033/MAM 1033 I 9
Q3. (a) It is sometimes necessary to carry out non-destructive tests on

reinforced concrete structures. States four of the reasons why it is
necessary so.
(4 marks)
(b) One of the common tests carried out for hardened concrete are Core
Test. Describe with the aid of sketches the Core Test. Your
description should include instruments, purpose, principles and the
advantages and disadvantages.
What are the factors that may influence the measured core
compressive strength?
(11 marks)
(c) It was found that a deteriorated concrete jetty is caused by seriously

corroded reinforcement. Describe with the aid of sketches the repairs
works necessary to prevent continued deterioration and restore the
appearance of the structure.
(10 mark'!)
(25 marks)
MAE 2033/MAM 1033 I 10
Q4. (a) Bridges may be constructed in the form of beam, cantilever, arch,
suspended cable and cable stayed. Choose any two form of the bridge
and discuss briefly (with the aid of sketches if necessary) the merit of
each bridge making particular reference to the following factors:
i) Structural principle
ii) Materials and cost
iii) Ease and speed of construction
iv) Construction depth
(12 marks)
(b)
Segmental bridge construction is one of the most popular methods of
bridge construction. State briefly the advantages of segmental
construction. In brief describe the technology and a technique that
usually engaged in segmental construction.
(13 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 2033iMAM 1033 \ 9
(a) It is sometimes necessary to carry out non-destructive tests on

Q3.
reinforced concrete structures. States four of the reasons why it i~
necessary so.
(-I marks)
(b) One of the common tests carried out for hardened concrete are Core
Test. Describe with the aid of sketches the Core Test. Your
description should include instruments, purpose, principles and the
advantages and disadvantages.

What are the factors that may influence the measured core
compressive strength?
(1 I marks)
(c) It was found that a deteriorated concrete jetty is caused by seriously

corroded reinforcement. Descrihe with the aid of sketches the repairs
works necessary to prevent continued deterioration and restore the
appearance of the structure.
(10 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 2033/MAM 1033 110
Q4. (a) Bridges may be constructed in the form of beam, cantilever. arch,
(12 marks)
(b)
(13 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 2033/MAM 1033 I 10
Q4. (a) Bridges may be constructed in the form of beam, cantilever. arch,
(12 marks)
(b)
(13 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 2033/MAM 1033 111
Q5. (a) The success of precast concrete construction depends on the

connections used to join loose components together. Discuss with the
aid of illustrations, the technology of pin and rigid connections in
joining precast concrete beams to columns.
(10 mark.s)
(b) Using a pinned connection of your choice for beam-to-column, and a

rigid grouted sleeve connection for column-to-column and column
to-base, discuss in brief the construction process of a three storey
precast concrete school building with cast-insitu reinforced concrete
floor system. Discuss, starting from the preparation of the foundation
until the complete installation of the whole frame system.
(15 marks)
(25 marks)
(i) Suitable connections for joining beam-to-beam and beam-to-column
(7 marks)
(iO Setting out of the level and alignment of the foundations and
potential problems that could arise when carrying out the activities
MAB 2033/MAM 1033 I 12
Q6. The steel framed system consisting of steel beams and columns has been
selected for the construction of a six-storey office building. The connections
between beam-to-column and beam-to-beam are rigid and pin respectively.
And the floor system uses precast concrete hollow core slabs.
Based on the project described above, discuss briefly with the aid of
illustrations. the following aspects:
(i) Suitable connections for joining beam-to-beam and beam-to-column
(7 marks)
(iO Setting out of the level and alignment of the foundations and
potential problems that could arise when carrying out the activities
(8 marks)
(iii) Preparation of steel ties in between hollow core slab-to hollow core
slab and also between hollow core slab-to-steel beam. to achieve full
integrity between the loose components.
(10 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 2043/MAM 104311
UTM
rMuli, "f
Cllil L'c"lf\('('tlf1t
UNIVERSIT1 TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 2043/MAM 1043
COURSE CONSTRUCTION LAW AND CONTRACT
PROGRAMME MAM/P/ENGD
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER FOUR (4) QUESTIONS ONLY. AT LEAST ONE (I)
QUESTION MUST BE ANSWERED FROM EACH PART
2. THE ANSWERS FOR PART A, BAND C MUST BE MADE IN
SEPARATE BOOKLET RESPECTIVELY.
WARNING!
... SlZH!r;nts cgJ&..hu:opyinglcheating during the examination will be liable for
fli§fiIllinmYJ1f}ilu:Js;and the faculty may recommend the student to be expelledFom
the study.

MAS 2043/MAM 104312
PART A
Q 1. Negligence is more than a heedless conduct. It involves complex concept of

duty, breach and damage. As a result it will be the duty of plaintiff to show
that all criteria have been satisfied to establish negligence.
(a) Ali is a worker of sub-contractor. He was injured in the accident at site.

The scaffolding collapsed and killed two workers. Ali is trying to get·
damages for the injury due to negligence. He is seeking your advise.
Advise Ali on how to establish the existence of a duty of care.
(8 marks)
(b) The development of construction projects requires an involvement of

professional team in construction project. The law requires the
professional to exercise higher level of duty of care in their practice as
they have been recognised as an expert in their field.
Discuss in detail the most probable areas that construction related

professional may be involved in negligence while pursuing their job.
(10 marks)
(c) If the defendant is found liable, he/she will be required to pay

compensation. Nonetheless, there are chances of eliminating or
minimising liability under negligence.
Discuss two possible defences that can be used by the defendant in

mitigating liability in negligence (Merit will be given to discussion
which is supported by citing relevant cases).
(7 marks)
(Total 25 marks)
MAB 2043/MA M 104313
Q2. Contract is an agreement enforceable by law. The legislation in Malaysia that

governs contracts is the Contract Act 1950 (Act 136) (Revised 1974). The act
addresses some fundamental issues such as formation and validity of contract.
(a) In English law, a promise binding as a contract unless it is made under

seal or it is supported by consideration.
Critically discuss why consideration is important in contract and

highlight some limitations to the doctrine of consideration.
(JOmarks)
(b) Critically discuss how and what is the impact on both parties in the
event of contract discharged through:
I. Frustration
11. Performance
(10 marks)
(c) In the event of breach of contract, the court may award damages to
plaintiff. There are several types of damages that available that may be
sought by the plaintiff.
...
Illustrate one main difference between liquidated and unliquidated
damages.
(5 marks)
(Total 25 marks)
MAB 2043/MAM 104314
PARTB
Q3. (a) Clause 5 I of JKR 203 (Revision 10/83) Standard Form of Contract
deals with Government's right to determine the employment of the
contractor. In this clause, five defaults by the contractor, which may
give rise to determination of his employment, are stated. Briefly
describe four (4) of these defaults.
(81narb)
(b) Based on Clause 51 of JKR 203 (Revision 10/83) Form of Contract,

describe the effects of determination of contractor's employment on
the followings:
i. Possession ofthe site
II. Temporary buildings, plant, tools, equipment goods and
materials belonging to the contractor
(6 marks)
(c) A client signed a contract with a building contractor to build an office

building at a cost of RM20 million. The contractor commences work
but having completed about 60% of the works the company suddenly
stops all activities citing the reason that the client had failed to pay the
contractor in several occasions.
Study the above case and discuss the actions that need to be taken by
the client.
(11 marks)
(Total 25 marks)
MAB 2043/MAM 104315
04. (a) Based on the relevant clauses in the JKR Standard Form of Contract,
discuss the contractual responsibilities of the Superintending Officer
on the following matters:
i. Possession of site
ii. Defects after completion
iii. Materials and workmanship
(9 marb)
(b) Once variation order has been instructed and the work has been
completed the client has the obligation to measure and value the varied
works
Based on the requirements stipulated under the JKR Standard Form of

Contract discuss how the measurement and valuation of varied works
can be done.
(8 marks)
(c) By giving one (I) example show how dispute may arise dueto problem
that is related to variation of work.
(8 marks)
(Total 25 marks)
MAS 2043/MAM 104316
PARTe
Q5. (a) Many construction projects are of long-duration and high value, and
involving several parties. As a result. there is always a possibility for
dispute. Construction dispute arises when a party to the construction
contract believes that in some way the other party has not fulfilled its
part of the obligation.
Discuss the generic types on construction dispute and suggest ways to

mitigate dispute in construction projects.
o
(10 marks)
(b) The use of Alternative Dispute resolution techniques in construction

has gained great momentum in recent years in many parts of the world.
In complex construction projects, resolving dispute has become an
inevitable part of a project manager's work.
Discuss the Construction Dispute Resolution process and the factors

affecting the use of Alternative Dispute Resolution techniques in
resolving construction disputes.
(15 marh)
(Total 25 marks)
MAB 2043/MAM J04317
Q6. Syarikat Ali Bhd. is a civil engineering contractor. In April 2009, the company
was awarded a contract to build a 20 storey building worth RM 50 million and
the project has to be completed in 24 months. On J5 January 2010 Syarikat
Ahmad Bhd. sent a letter to its client requesting detailed drawings in order to
continue the work smoothly. Despite several writtcn reminders, Syarikat
Ahmad Bhd. failed to get the detailed drawings as requested on time. The
detail drawings were eventually submitted on J5 February 20 J O.
a) If Syarikat Ahmad Bhd. intends to claim compensation due to late

delivery of the detailed drawings, discuss the contract provisions that
allow such claim to be made.
(10 mark!»)
b) Describe four (5) supporting documents that are needed in submitting

the claim.
(8 mark!»)
c) Describe the actions that may be taken if the client refuses to pay
compensation for the late delivery of detailed drawings.
(7 mark!»)
(Total 25 marks)
MAB 2053/MAM 10531 ]
UTM
LJ.(if~n l)f
en!l Ln~))H:t'nnr
UNrVE RS1Ti TEKNOLOGI MALA YSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 2053/ MAM 1053 (PAPER 1)
COURSE PROJECT PLANNING AND SCHEDULING
PROGRAMME MAM
DURATION 2 HOURS
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN SECTION A AND B.
WARNING!
Students caught copying/cheating during the examination will be liableJor
disciplinary actions and thefaculty may recommend the student to be expelled/rom
the study.
Thfs'"exaniination qUestion consists of(5) printed pages only.

MAB205312
SECTION A
Q I. You are required to develop a network diagram for the construction of six (6)
number of houses using Primavera Project Planner (P3) software based on the
following conditions:
1. The start date of the project is 1 April 2010
2. There will be six (6) working days only in a week. Except Sunday
ignore other public holidays.
3. The work must started with the task Earthworks (20 days) followed by
the house construction.
4. The typical logical relationship for the house construction is as follows:
Footings/
Earthworks
20 days
,... Ground
Beam ,--.
Superstructure/
Roof(#I)
I----.
Brickwall /
PartltIon(# I)
~
M&E
Utilities(# I) ~
Painting /
Finishes(# I)
(15 days) 10 days 5 days
30 days 5 days
'--
Figure Ql
5. All houses from #1 to house #6 have simi/iar tasks, durations and

logical relationship.
6. The following table Q I shows working team for each task:

MAB2053j3
Table Ql
Task Number of gangs Gang responsibl e to build
(g.·oup of workers) house #
Eal1hworks 1 Whole site
Footings/ Ground Beam 2 First gang: 1,2,3
Second gang: 4,5,6
Superstructure/ Roof 2 First gang: 1,2,3
Second gang: 4,5,6
Brickwall / Partition 3 First gang: 1,2
Second gang: 3,4
Third gang: 5,6
M&E Utilities I 1,2,3,4,5,6
Painting / Finishes 1 1,2,3,4,5,6

j
7. The schedule you develop must take into account of number of gangs
available for each task apart from maintaining the logical relationship
for each house.
The schedule you developed must clearly shows the following item:
(i) Critical path

(ii) Completion date of the project
(iii) Activities are to be group according to the house numbers.
(Total2S marks)
MAB2053!4
SECTION B
Q2. Table Q2 shows the task Name, Duration and Predecessors of activities involved
in a small project. This project starts on 1 April 2010 and 6 working days a week
from Monday to Saturday except Sunday.
a) Using the above information given in Table Q2, you are required to develop
weekly planned S-curve using cumulative percentage work complete (Save
your S-Curve as "Planned S-Curve" with baseline)
(8 marks)
b) If activity Site Clearing, Site Office, Hoarding, Access Road and Earthworks
is 100% completed and Piling Works is 50% completed, you are required to
develop the actual S-Curve based on the overall percentage completed at the
end of April 2010 and save S-Curve as "Actual Progress" file.
(7 marks)
c) Table Q2 shows the activity's actual start date and actual finish date. The
activities that are not I isted have not started as at the End of April 2010. Using
Microsoft Project, determine the expected new date of completion (Save the
file as "Q2").
(lO marks)
(25 marks)
MAS 2053/MAM 105311
UTM
i-:"U'll!n "(
Cl\d Ln;:il~h'TH'I~
UNiVERsm TWWLOGI MALAVSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAS 2053/ MAM 1053 (PAPER 2)
PROGRAMME MAM
DURATION 2 HOURS
DATE APRIL 2010
I. ANSWER ANY ONE (I) QUESTION FROM SECTION A_AND ONE (I)
QUESTION FROM SECTION B
WARNING!
Students caught copyinglcheating during the exmnination wilf be liable/or
-'
disciplinmy actinns and thefaculty may recommend the student to be expelledFom
-~~-=-~.~- ~.==;~_
~~<:'':;','':': . ...:-~._-:::~~~~
the study.
~-~~ .._~ ~
_- .
MAM105312
SECTION A
Q1. (a) Gantt chart despite its simplicity has its own beneficial application for
the construction project scheduling.
Briefly discuss about the application of Gantt Chart for construction
project at various phases of project development.
(13 marks)
(b) Discuss why the application of computer based scheduling technique to

manage the construction project progress and claims in Malaysia is still
not widely used. What are the hindrance factors that inhibit its
applications.
(12 marks)
Total (25 marks)
Q2. Figure Q2 shows a bar chart for a small project to be completed in six (6)
months (each cell represents one month). The total project cost is RM700,OOO.
After three months activities A,B,C, Dare 100% completed. E is 50%
completed. The total cost incurred to RM21 0,000 cost.
A B D G L
c E H K
Figure Q2
MAMI053j3
Table Q2
Activity Duration Budgeted Cost

-
(month)
A 1 RMIOO,OOO
r--
B 1 RM30,OOO
C 1 RM40,OOO
D 1 RM80,OOO
E 1 RM20,OOO
F 1 RM50,OOO
G 1 RM70,OOO
H 1 RM30,OOO
J
f - - - - - - 1----
1 RM200,OOO -
K 1 RM60,OOO
L 1 RM20,OOO
Based on the information given and by using the Earn Value concept
calculate and determine:
(i) Schedule variance

(8 marks)
(ii) Cost variance
(8 marks)
(iii) If the project is ahead or behind the schedule
(5 marks)
(iv) If the contractor has spend over or under budget
(4 marks)
(Total 25 marks)
MAM105314
SECTION B·
Q3. a) Briefly discuss the important of usmg detailed work schedule for a
contractor, to monitor the progress of work activities. Explain, with
example, the reason why contractor need to use it.
(9 marb)
b) Briefly discuss the advantages of using an S-curve for monitoring work
progress.
(8 marks)
c) Briefly explain the steps of labour allocation for activities using Microsoft
Project Software.
(8 marks)
(25 marks)
Q4. A list of activities, duration and predecessor is tabulated in Table Q4.

Based on the given information, answer the following question.
a) Prepare a logical network diagram for project using the following activity
format.
ES Activity i-EF-
LS Duration LF
(6 marks)
b) If this project starts on Thursday, 1 April 2010 with six (6) working days a
week (Monday to Saturday and neglecting other public holidays except
Sunday), determines the dates of early Start (ES), Late Start (LS), Early
Finish (EF) and Late Finish (LF) for each activity.
(12 marks)
MAMI053 15
c) Determine the Total float and Free Float of Activity I.

(4 marks)
d) If activity G was delayed by 10 days, calculate the new date of completion,

if affected.
(3 marks)
(25 marks)
Table Q4
No Activity I Duration (Days) Predecessor
-
I A 4 Start
-
2 B 6 A (SS + 3)
-
3 C 5 A (FS - 1)
-
4 D 7 B (SS + 3)
-
5 E 6 B(FS + 2), CCFS + 1)
6 F 5 CCFS 2)
7 G 5 D(FF - 1), E(FS - 1)
8 H 7 E
9 I 7 E(SS + 1), F(FS - 2)
]0 J 4 G, H(FS - 1)
11 K 5 H (FS + 1), I (FF + 3)
12 L 4 J(FS - 1), K(FS - 1)
MAB20S3!6
Table Q2 (c)
Task name Baseline Duration Actual Start Actual FinishI
Start 0 1/4/2010 1/4/2010
Site Clearing 5 1/4/2010 8/4/2010
----
Site Office 6 7/4/2010 13/4/2010
Hoarding 10 12/4/2010 24/4/2010
Access road 7 2/4/2010 12/4/2010
1----
Earthwork 7 12/4/2010 20/4/2010
r---
Piling Works 14 23/4/2010 -
MAB 2083 / MAM 1083 II
UTM
Llruln u!
-Cl~ d LiJt'IKenn~
UNfVERsm TEKNOLOGI MALAVS1A
FINAL EXAMINATION
-------------------------~-
COURSE CODE MAB 2083 / MAM 1083
COURSE CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT
INFORMATION SYSTEM
PROGRAMME MAM
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER 4 (FOUR) QUESTIONS ONLY.
WARNING!
Students caught copying/cheating during the examination will be liable [nr
disciplinary actions and thejaculty may recommend the student to be expelledjrom
the study.
.~~~'~ ·:This e~if{h~tion qUestion consists of (8) printed pages only.

MAB 2083 / MAM 1083 I 2
QI. Figure Q1 shows a generalized Framework for Enterprise Content

Management. Give a definition and explain the use of the followings,
(a) Document Management

(5 mar k.1)
(b) Record Management

(5 mark.l)
(c) Web Content Management

(5 marks)
(d) Using similar figure, give and explain the sample of document flow in one
real-life example of enterprise content management for construction
contractors office or manufacturing factory.
(10 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 2083 / MA\Il 1083 I 3
User Interface
Microsoft Web 3rd party

Office browser apps
httpl',/veb serv/ices
ECM Components
Common Services
I
Workflow II Metadata I Policy "
Library Svcs.
I
ISearch I I Security I IIRM II Collab
I
Unified Storage Architecture
r::.. - -- -
'-...
--- .....
- -- ---
FIGURE Ql
MAB 2083 I MAM 1083 I 4
Q2. Figure Q2 show a Decision Support System (DSS) Framework that slipporting
a business management for enterprise type of organization. By choosing either
construction or manufacturing type of business, answer the following,
(a) Define the process of converting the Internal and External database to
become Organizational Knowledge Base
(8 marks)
(b) Explain what is the purpose of having Knowledge-based Subsystem and

User Interface Dialog Management before reaching DSS decision
methodology.
(8 marks)
(c) If you are managing a purchasing I procurement in your organization,

which DSS Decision Methodology that you use and explain why.
(9 marks)
(25 marks)
MAS 2083 (MAM 1083 I 5
Decision Support System Components

Internal & External Organizational Other External
Databases Kno\f~lledge Base eSIS Models
t f t
l l i
Data rv1ode!
Management fv1anagement
~ Knowledge-based
SUbsystems
/
I
LIser Interface!
Dialog i>1anagement
T
1
DSS Decision Methodology
y--c
o 7)
I~~,
0--0
/ ~ \ ;1 \(1
()
0
/ r-,---V--O
\-' \
6
/
u~~''''()'/ K;:st//
Decision fYlaker
FIGURE Q2
MAB 2083 ! MAM 1083 I 6
03. Figure 03 is a generic diagram of Knowledge Development in manufacturing

company that strive for quality and profit in order to compete with their
competitor. The diagram shown are the distribution of resources targeted for 5
years development. Answer the following,
(a) Explain what is the meaning of the chart shown and its effect into the
company operations.
(5 marb)
(b) Scheduled (in the form of table), the distribution of resources (in
percentage) for quality improvement in one year (targeted increase quality
of 20%). The quality improvement will take all the attribute (bubble) as
shown in Figure 03.
(15 marks)
(c) If the trendline (gradient) of attribute increased from 30 degrees to 60

degrees due to surge of economic downturn, describe what are the
adjustment that have to made to question (b).
(5 marks)
(25 marks)
60 degree
Trendline
abstract
100%
II (erg.)
socioloOY
SOCfO!Og'r'
,",owfed~"
/
30 degree
Trendline
/
....--~
orgonizCllion SOCiologicajJU-~
75% . science
. . /
--- --------....'"
((0'9:)
.~.Hj!'n"\ ~yc;,~i:.)'(lg"Jr' )
,/ ~~
c;:
"esource \
'a'e~
!
f'T1onoge t nen 1
50% . ofJ(;~n::rj)
----~
/ systerns~ _//
25%
1 ~,e~/(~~V~j"S~ '~~;,~;::on,
,l·,..,·
"Cly" ~/ . - 'nc
.
3:
»to
/ ~
,,,,O'd"";J(~
p. . ;a.i~
~ .. ~·i . ,
.. 0- 1 / /
0/ ./
0 .,,,,, C''',
I cncc
t-J
o
\ " _',,9 00
concrete -- I
v.>
3:
0% I I I »
50% 75% 100% 3:
'e l 25%
j ~C1mol ogy-orienjed
. . social-Oriented o
00
C;J
--.J
MAB 2083 j MAM 1083 I 8
Q4. (a) Discuss five (5) problems that normally occurred In managing
documentation for a construction company.
(JO marks)
(b) Describe seven (7) features that need to be considered in order to

have an effective construction document management system.
(15 marks)
(25 marks)
Q5. (a) Discuss the term "construction systems integration" and its application
in managing construction project.
(15 marks)
(b) Discuss five (5) advantages of construction system integration in

managing construction project.
(10 mark5)
(25 marks)
Q6. (a) Define 'explicit' and 'tacit' knowledge. Draw and explain a diagram
that shows the theory of knowledge based on 'Nonaka and Takeuchi
Knowledge Moder.
(15 marks)
(b) Describe five (5) application of mobile computing with network access
to central servers that suitable to be used at construction site.
(10 morkl)
(25 marks)
MAB 2123/MAM 112311
UTM
!'J(llh, "I'
ern] I~h~ln(~t(int:
UNIVERsm TEKNOlOGI MALAYS1A
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 2123/MAM 1123
COURSE CONSTRUCTION PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
PROGRAMME MAM
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER FOUR (4) QUESTIONS ONLY.
WARNING!
disciplinary actions and the facul~y may recommend the student to be expelledjrom
the study.
... This-examination question consists of (5) printed pages only.

,~~_r::.:, .':~"'~~---"
MAB 2123/MAM 112312
Ql Determine the cost per hour of owning a 2 cubic meter hydraulic

backhoe during the third year of its life, given the following
information. The declining balance method of depreciation is to be
used for the machine and straight-line depreciation for the tyres.
Information:
Purchase price RM350,000

Resale value RM80,OOO
Useful life of machine 8 Years
Interest charged on borrowed capital 10%p.a.
Fuel consumption 12liter/hr
Cost of fuel RM2.50/liter
Oil and grease 15% offuel cost
Maintenance (1 year) 8 % of purchase price
Insurance and tax (l year) 2% of purchase price
Average working time per year 250 days
A verage working time per day 10 hours
Purchase price for a set of tyres RM3,000
Useful life of a set of tyres 2 years
(25marks)
MAB 2123/MAM 112313
Q2. (a) A plant hire company is updating it's inventory of air filter. From the
inventory the current stock of air filter is 30 units and immediate demand
is 5 units. Its forecast of demand is 8 units. Determine the safety stock that
has to be maintained.
(5 marks)
(b) Stocks of component are allowed to run down to a level of 5 units before
being replenished. The components are used steadily at 50 units per week.
The component costs RM300 per unit and the cost of storage and
deterioration per week is 10% of the cost price. Each time a component is
ordered there is a cost of processing this order of RM20. Determine how
many items should be ordered each time and the cost of ordering and
storing each itern
(20 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 2123/MAM 112314
Q3. (a) A highway embankment is being constructed using low-plasticity clay which
natural moisture content is slightly below the Standard AASHTO optimum. What
type of compactor to be used to achieve optimum density? Justify your answer.
(f0 markJ)
(b) The primary purpose of providing plant maintenance is to reduce the incidence of
failure, either by repair, servicing or replacement in order to achieve an
economical level of utilization during the working life of the plant. Describe
when the plant needs to replaced.
(15 marks)
(25 marks)
Q4. A contractor is engaged to carry out a large earth-moving work for the
construction of a section of a new highway. Fill materials can be supplied from
two (2) borrow pits 1 and 2 which are located 3 km from the works. However
there are unsuitable materials such as top soil and loamy sand which must be
removed.
Justify the most efficient method of carrying out the work if the cost is to be
minimised.
(25marks)
MAB 2123/MAM 112315
Q5. A construction company has successfully secured a construction contract which

requires the use of a 40-ton capacity, strut-jib and a crawler mounted crane. An
eight-year working life can be assumed which indicates that an attractive rate of
return may be achieved by purchasing the crane. The crane must be capable of
conversion to a dragline crane and cost less than RM500,000. Three
manufacturers have been identified in making a crane which may be suitable
for the specified duties. They are Komatsu 88T, Caterpillar 100H and JCB 100
(see Table Q5).
By using the systematic plant selection method, advise the purchasing manager
in deciding which crawler mounted crane to purchase.
Table Q5
~
KOMATSU CATERPILLAR
Components JCB 100
88T lOOH
-~
Base machine RM380,000 RM370,000 RM420,000

Cat head Included Included Not
boom available
Taper top Included
RM33,000 RM35,000
boom
RM29,000
RM25,000 RM28,000
Fly jib
Power
Included Included
lowering RM12,500
equipment
Safe load RM22,000 RM25,000

RM22,000
indicator
Hook block RM12,000

RM15,000 RM15,000
3
I 2.5 yd RM15,000
I dragline
bucket -
RM12,500 RMl1,500
(25marks)
MAS 221411
UTM
F:lrult\ ill'
C:\il'L11:!lntnlil:t:
UNiVERSITi TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAS 2214 (PAPER I)
PROGRAMME MAZ
DURATION 2 HOURS
DATE APRIL 2010
WARNING!
disciplinary actions and the/acuIty may recommend the student to be expelled/rom
the study.

MAM 221412
Q 1. A list of activities for a small project is shown in table Q 1 as follows:
Table Ql
, I
Activity ID TASK DURATION BUDGETED COST PREDECESSOR

FlO A 9 $10,000.00
r-------
F20 B 20 $25/000.00 A
F30 C 25 $30,000.00 A
F40 0 18 $45,000.00 B
-
F50 E 30 $90,000.00 0
F60 F 15 $50,000.00 C
F70 G 10 $40,000.00 C
F80 H 30 $12,000.00 O,F
F90 I 25 $15/000.00 E -_. -
FlOO J 15 $35,000.00 H
FllO K 12 $28/000.00 I, J
F120 L 8 $33/000.00 G
F130 M 18 $54/000.00 K
F140 N 24 $26,000.00 L
F150 0 32 $18,000.00 N
F160 P 40 $9,000.00 0
F170 Q 22 $70,000.00 I
F180 R 16 $23,000.00 Q -
F190 S 7 $32/000.00 M/P
F200 T 12 $24,000.00 P
F210 U 15 $14,000.00 T
F220 V 25 $15,000.00 S
F230 W 30 $13,000.00 M
F240 X 20 $53,000.00 W
lilit=
F260
r--
y
Z
10
15
$52,000.00
$23/000.00
R,X
U,V, Y
~----
MAM 221413
Based on information on Table Q1 you are required to develop a network diagram lIsing
Primavera Project Planner (P3) software. You need to create cost account as folloVvs to
register the budgeted cost for each activity:
Cost Account I Activity

101010 A,B,C,D,F,G,H
202020 l,J,K,L,M,N,O,P
303030 Q,R,S,T,U,V
404040 W,X,Y,Z
J
You are also required to organize the activities according to the following figure:
I FINAL PRO] ECT I
I GROUP I I I GROUPU I
IA IB lIA liB
FA,C,D,F,R,G K,L,S,T, U,V,W H,l,M,N,O B,E,J,P,Q,Y,Z
Figure Ql
You final layout must clearly shows:

(i) Critical path of the project
(ii) Sub-total of budgeted cost for lA, IB, IIA and lIB
(25 marks)
MAM 221414
I
Q2. Table Q2 shows the task name, duration. cost and predecessors of activities
involved in a small project. Til is project starts on I March 20 I 0 and 6 working
days a week from Monday to Saturday except Sunday.
a) Using the above information given in Table Q2, you are required to develop
Weekly Planned S-Curve using cumulative cost complete (Save your S-Curve
as "Planned S-Curve" with baseline)
(/0 marks)
b) On 31 March 2010, activity site clearing, site office, hoarding, access road,
earthwork is I00% completed and activity piling is 50% completed. Develop
the actual S-Curve based on percentage progress completed and save the S
Curve as "actual progress" file.
(8 marks)
c) If piling works was delayed by ten (10) days and an increase in cost for this
activity is 50% of planned cost, determine the expected total cost and the new
expected date of completion. Assume all the other activities to complete as
planned duration (save the file as "Q2c").
(7 marks)
(25 marks)
MAM 221415
Table Q2
I Task Task N ame ~~ur=-=a~ti~o:n~-+I~C=-o=-=s:..:...t-'. :(R.. :. :M--.:. !--)_-TP_+__p-ire-d-_ec-e_s_so-r-I

J • Overall Work 362,000.00+--~-=J
2
1
_-r-
e-------_ S_ta_rt
115 days
~a_y_s O,,_._OO--+-_
3 I~ Preliminaries 16 davs 68,000.00
I 4 Site Clearing 5 days 10,000.00 2
r--s--+------~S::...:i--t--e~o=-f:..::.fi::..:ce...:.::J;2.---~---~6-=d=aLys=---~----l---~2.::...'0,:..::.0=-00=-=.=-00=-+-4=--(F-~S---2-)- I
6 Hoardin"'-g -+-1_0~d~ay'_s_ I 8,000.00 4,5 (FS-3)

F7 Access Road 7 days I 30,000.00 4 (SS+:1)
8 Earthworks 7 days 10,000.00 4, 7(FS-I)
I 9 • Sub Structure 22 days 67,000.00
10 Piling Works 14 days -'50,000~FS-2)
~1_-l--+-_-----Pi-le------'Cap 8 days ~2,000.oo[lQ:lFS-4), 6 q

12 Stump 5 days 5,000.00 II (FS-I)
13
---t------
• Super Structure 44 days 97,000.00
14 Ground Floor Beam & Slab 6 days 20,000.00 12
15 Column Ground Floor 4 days

8,000.00 14 (FS-I)
16 FirstFloorBeam&Slab 12 days
35,000.00 15
~--=-----_+_-- __---=--=..::..::..:....:..-:-=-..::...:~:..:..:.::..:~:--=-..::=----+----=-==--=-'~-_____1--=--c~:....:..-:..:..-::-::_+__-=--------
17 Column First Floor 5 days 9,000.00 16 (FS-l)
18
_=__-=---\- Roof Beam
---=-=----==:.:.-- 8 days
10,000.00 17
._ _+--=--.=.c.:::....-_ _____1---:...:::2..::....::....:::..:....:....::--+--:....:.------
19 Roofing Works 10 days 15,000.00 18(FS+l)
20 • Architectural Works '--=-C.-==-- 26 days

33,000.00
-1--=-=---=="-=-__--+-_---=-=..2...::..-=-..::...:-=-..::...:+- _
21 Brickworks Ground Floor 7 days

12,000.00 16 (FS+ 12)
- --
22 Brickworks First Floor 9 days

14,000.00 21, 19 (FS-2)
23 Plastering 8 days
7,000.00 22
24 • External Works 19 days

87,000.00
r--2_5---+ D_ra_in_a--"'g'--e +-l_0 days 37,000.00 23 ----=-::---::------j
26 Road Works 7 days 45,000.00 25 (FS-2)
27 Turfing 5 days
5,000.00 26 (FS-l)
28 Finish 0 days
0.00 27 (FS+3)
MAS 221411
UTM
LJl'lJil\ iJf'
('\\.'11 (l:t:'llh.rnn~
UN[VER$m TEKNOlOGI MALAYSIA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAS 2214 (PAPER 2)
PROGRAMME MAZ
DURATION 2 HOURS
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER ANY TWO (2) QUESTIONS FROM SECTION A AND TWO (2)
QUESTIONS FROM SECTION S
WARNING!
Students caught copying/cheating during the examination will be liable/or
disciplinary actions and thefaculzy may recOJnmend the student to be expelled/i-om
the study.

MAB 221412
SECTION A
QI. (a) Project scheduling offers many advantages to the client and contmctors.
Briefly discuss two (2) advantages of scheduling for clients and two (2)
advantages for the contractors.
(13 marks)
(b) Gantt Chart and network diagram are two different scheduling
techniques that have specific advantages and applications.
Briefly discuss these advantages and applications for both techniques.
(12 marks)
(Total 25 marks)
Q2. (a) Briefly describe why Activity on Arrow scheduling technique is considered
irrelevant anymore to be used for project scheduling today.
(12 marks)
(b) How the used of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) can be helpful 111
managing the project with large number of tasks?
( 13 marks)
(Totar 25 marks)
MAB 221413
Q3. Figure Q3 shows network diagram for a small project. This project started on 1
January. After six months the project started the contractor concluded that
activity A, Band Dare 100% completed. F is 20% completed. Activity C was
80% completed and E was 40% completed. Other activities do not have any
progress. Table Q2 shows the cost for each activity. The project has cost the
contractor for RM535,000 after six months.
A F
2m 4m
START FINISH
Om
FS+2m C G H
4m 2m 2m
E J
4m 2m
Figure Q3
MAB 221414
Table Q2
A~tivity T Duration
Budgeted Cost
(month)
-
A 2 RM50,000
~. - - - - I-------
B 2 RM 120,000
r--
C 4 RM80,OOO
D 2 RM200,00O
--
E 4 RM120,00O
F 4 RM300,OOO
G 2 RM60,OOO
H 2 RM70,000
J 2 RM50,OOO
-
K 2 RM60,OOO
-- --
Based on the information given and by using the Earn Value concept calculate and
determine:
(i) Schedule variance
(8 marks)
(ii) Cost variance
(8 marks)
(iii) If the project is ahead or behind the schedule
(5 marks)
(iv) If the contractor has spend over or under budget
(4 marks)
(Total 25 marks)
MAB 221415
SECTION B
Q4. a) Briefly discuss, with example, the characteristics of detailed work program
that can be effectively used by the contractor for monitoring and control
purpose.
(10 marks)
b) Briefly explain four (4) differences between Precedence Diagramming and

Critical Path Method.
(8 marks)
c) Briefly explain the differences between "Time-based Schedule" and

"Resource-based Schedu Ie".
(7 marks)
(25 marks)
Q5. a) In converting ordinary bar chart to network schedule, the planners seldom use
start-start relationship. If only using this type of relationship between
activities, it may results in ineffective schedule.
Briefly explain, with example, why the schedule becomes "ineffective'.
(8 marks)
b) Briefly explain, the steps in evaluating the delay claims, using schedul ing
software.
(1 () marks)
MAB 221416
c) Briefly discuss three (3) common mistakes of the planners in producing the
schedule for submission using Microsoft Project software.
(7 marb)
(25 marks)
Q6. A list of activities, duration and predecessor in tabulated in Table Q6. Based
on the given information, answer the following question.
a) Prepare a logical network diagram for project using the following activity
format.
ES Activity EF
LS Duration LF
(6 marks)
b) Ifthis project starts on Thursday, 1 April 2010 with six (6) working days a
week (Monday to Saturday and neglecting other public holidays except
Sunday), determines the dates of Early Start (ES), Late start (LS), early Finish
(ES) and Late Finish (LF) for each activity.
(13 marks)
c) Determine the Total and Free Float of Activity 1.

(4 mark.l)
d) If Activity I was delayed by 9 days is the earliest start date of Activity L

effected?
(2 marks)
(25 marks)
MAB 221417
Table Q6
-
No Activity Duration (Days) Predecessor
1 A ')
.J Start
2 B 5 A (FS - 1)
-
')
.J C 4 A (SS + 3)
t----------------
4 D 6 A (SS + 2)
-
5 E 7 B(SS+3)
6 F 6 B, C (FS + 2), D (FF + 3)
7 G 6 D
8 H 4 F (FS -3), E (FF + 5)
9 I 6 F,G(FS-I)
10 ] 6 G (FS - I)
11 K 6 H (FS - 1), 1 (FS - 2)
12 L 7 T(FS + 1), J (FF + 2)
13 M 4 K, L (FS + 1)
MAB 225311
UTM
UNIVERSIT' TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA
Faculty of
Civil Engineering
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB2253
COURSE COMMUNICATION AND STAKEHOLDER

MANAGEMENT
PROGRAMME MASTER OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT (MAZ)
DURATION 3 HOURS
DATE APRIL 2010
1. ANSWER QUESTION 1 (Ql) AND ANY OTHER TWO (2) QUESTIONS ONLY
WARNING
disciplinary actions and the/acuity may recommended the student to be expelled/rom
the study.
This examination question consist of three (4) printed pages only.

MAB 225312
Q1. Compulsory
The planning and construction of a facility can affect several interests. Positive
effects are, for instance, better communications. better housing and a higher standard
of living. However, construction projects inevitably bring varying degrees of
deterioration and change of local level, not least at the construction site.
The basic problem is that if a facility is to built some external stakeholders will be
negatively affected by that facility or by the implementation of the construction
project leading up to it. It follows that, in the course of implementing a construction
project, not all needs and concerns from external stakeholders can be fulfilled. The
challenge for the projects manager is then to plan and implement the project in a
manner that fulfills as many external stakeholder needs and concerns as possible
without compromising the purpose of the project. The role of the project manager
must involve not just an understanding of the technical process, but also an
understanding of the links between technique, the environment, the community and
the people in it. For instance, a local community possesses unique information
about local circumstances. The project manager should acquire knowledge about
the location of the project using this competence and, furthermore, engage the local
community in the planning of the construction project. Thus, an external
stakeholder management process should, if managed correctly, be seen as a positive
opportunity to improve the project.
The purpose of the research project is to contribute to, and increase, knowledge
concerning external stakeholder for construction projects, and to develop methods
and tools for the analysis of the influence of external stakeholder. The aim is to
formulate model and tools to describe the process of analyzing external stakeholder
needs and concerns for construction projects. The model will form a baseline for
actions intended to improve the decision making process for the implementation of
construction projects.
MAB 225313
The research process has focused on understanding the influence of external

stakeholders. The case study method was chosen because of the qualitative nature
of the research. Five project cases were examined. The projects were chosen for
their different characteristics, i.e. they differ in size, type (civil engineering or
housing) and purpose (local, regional or national). The common feature is that all
projects, proactively or reactively, have had to consider and commit resources to a
process of external stakeholder influence.
From the studied cases and literature reviews the external stakeholder analysis
process can be described as consisting of the following five components:
1. stakeholder identification
2. stakeholder needs and concerns
3. stakeholder impact analysis
4. evaluation of alternative solutions
5. level of acceptance
6. stakeholder communication strategy
(Adapted from research abstract by Stefan Olander, Doctoral Dissertation, September

2006, Construction Management, Lund University, Sweden)
Based on abstract above,
(a) State your research problem statement related to communication with
stakeholder not more than 200 words
(5 marks)
(b ) Discuss five project cases you will study in this research.
(5 marks)
MAB 225314
(c) Identify and discuss external stakeholder you will study in your research
(5 marks)
(d) Which focus only on communication, discuss the area of communication you
will study related to stakeholder communication.
(5 mark.s)
(e) Discuss what kind of methodology for instance tools and instrument you will
Use in this study to get a data about communication with stakeholder.
(5 marks)
(25 marks)
Q2. Describe in brief 6 levels of stakeholder management tools.
(5 marks)
Q3. Compare and discuss market and non-market stakeholder with focus on their role
and power.
(5 marks)
Q4. Discuss what is common strategies and actions used by stakeholder in their
communication with organisation.
(5 marks)
Q5. Organisation with high stakeholder management capability allocate resources in a

manner consistent with stakeholder concern. Discuss.
(5 marks)
MAB 2263 \ 1
[.I,ub "i
UTM Cd fn~!llnn1\L
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE CODE MAB 2263
COURSE PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AND

REPORTING
PROGRAMME MAZ
DATE APRIL 2010
MARKS 100 (CONTRIBUTING TO 40% PERCENT OF

THE OVERALL MARKS)
1) ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS.
WARNING!
Students caugbt copying/cbeating during tbe examninatio/l will be liable/or discipli/lary
actions alUl tbe/aculty may recommeud tbe student to be expelled/rom tbe study.
This examination question consists of ( 6 ) printed pages only.

MAB 226312
SECTION A
Ql. Refer to Case 20 (Chadwick Inc.): The Balanced Scorecard (BSC) (pg. 539) in the
text book) and answer the following questions.
(a) How does the BSC approach differ from other approaches to performance
measurement that have been examined and discussed in cases (18 and 19)'1
(3 marks)
For parts (b) to (e), assumed that you are asked to develop the ESC for Norwalk
Pharmaceutical Division of Chadwick Inc.
(b) What, if anything, distinguishes the BSC approach from a "measure

everything, and you might get what you want" philosophy?
(3 marks)
(c) What part of the business strategy that John Greenfield sketched out
should be included in the BSC? Are there any parts that should be
excluded or cannot be made operational?
(5 marks)
(d) What are the scorecard measures you would use to implement your
scorecard in the Norwalk Pharmaceutical Division?
(5 marks)
MAB 2263 \ 3
(e) What are the new measures that need to be developed, and how would you
go about developing them?

(5 marks)
(f) How would a BSC for Chadwick, Inc. differ from ones developed in its
divisions, such as Norwalk Pharmaceutical Division? Do you anticipate
that there might be major conflicts between divisional scorecards and
those of the corporation? If so, should those conflicts be resolved, and if
so, how should they be resolved?
(9 marb)
(30 marks)

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30000010223000

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN AWAM

SOALAN PEPERIKSAAN SEMESTER DISEMBER

BIL KOD MATA PELAJARAN NAMA MATA PELAJARAN MUKASURAT

SEMESTER II SESSION 2009/2010

COURSI::: CODE MAB 2363

COURSE SYSTEMS THINKING FOR PROJECT

DATE APRIL 2010

Students caught copying/cheating dl/ring the examinotion ll'ill be lioblef(JI'

disciplinorv aclions and Ihefoczilty llIay recommend the I'll/dent to be expelled/mill

This examination question consists of (7) printed pages only.

(b) Study the Rich Picture Diagram in Figure 1 downloaded from

(c) Using suitable diagrams, brief notes and examples, propose a

framework that is able to map the various types of situations from

simple to chaotic that are encountered in projects. Illustrate the

archetypes in the Fifth Discipline and its applications in ,project

Q2. Study the following news item in Box Q2,

New Straits Times (09-02-2010)

RM680m to upgrade accident-prone road

and Perak State Development Corporation.

BOX 02 Accident-Prone Road Upgrade

(c) Using scenario-planning technique, provide your own best-case,

Q3. Conduct a Soft System Methodology's conceptual modeling of the situation

(a) Root Cause Definition.

(b) CATWOE analysis.

(c) Conceptual Activity Model

(d) Measure of performance.

The Star Online (Saturday February 27,2010)

Governing authorities should work towards a construction benchmark

THE REAL ESTATEDBy ANGIE NG

BOX 03: Construction Benchmark

lINIVERsm TEKNOLOGI MAlA\'SIA '

SEMESTER II SESSION 2009/2010

COURSE CODE MAB7023 1 MA.l 1023

COURSE ADVANCED GEOTECHNICAL ANALYSIS AND

DURATION 2 HOURS 30 MINUTES

This examination question consists of (13) printed pages only.

(b) Explain in detai Is about the manipulation of vertical drain concept in

(c) The biggest mistakes that engll1eers always do to rehabilitate

(d) For the construction of Main Boulevard embankment in construction

_ CeH e (a~ + Lla~)

t:.pw 0.8 l-----+---f-+---f---f---+-,I---+--++---l----t

(b) The cost of geotextile is RM45.00/m 2 . We can also use a transition

(c) A geotextile reinforcement wall 5m high is shown below. For a

(~.-=:~~~ ..-:..... · .. , ' ,.

:2.5 m (/'1 = J(l"

MAB 7023/ MAl 102318

FIGURE Q3: Borehole extensometer

ANCHOR A (ROOF) B (5m) C (10m) D (15m)

(b) What are the common appl ications of borehole extensometer')

(c) With an aid of a diagram/ sketch. list out other instrumentation

(d) Define the meaning of New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NAT/vi).

(ii) During an investigation stage for a dam project, the site

(ii) For an homogeneous earth dam of 43 m height and 20 0 side

~Ix .;;.. ".~ ,..,.....~~-r....,.-.'r-.........I.;.,.­

&0 .. 1," ,...,r-.--.--~""""""""""-''''''''

. . . :.: ~ l<ii;~i1I~'!i;~~Q .05

{ ....S 1-1-1-f'-HHHi-l-+-1 'z'u HH-+-+'-t4-+-+-+-i

.; • .0 I--Hf-I--HH'-7iI-+--f., ! 4:0 P-dH-+.-.+..,.J,4-f--++-l

:; 3.S I-Hf-r-H...,..'j-j1-l4-'l \ ····Hr-.d-+;-':,+-.1.0-+-.;;f-++-l

1·0 \;0 r'-I'-+-+-+-+++++-1.

FIGURE Q5: Morgenstern Stability Charts for Rapid Drawdown Analysis

~Ix .;;.. ".~ ,..,.....~~-r....,.-.'r-.........I.;.,.