ISSUED FOR DESIGN C 13.08.

2013 MAYM DEKU EOG

ISSUED FOR IDC B 19.06.2013 MAYM DEKU EOG
ISSUED FOR IDC A 24.04.2013 MAYM DEKU EOG
REASON FOR ISSUE REVISION REV. DATE PREP. BY CHECKED APPROVED

Document Family: No. of pages

ANST 22
Doc. type:
Project: FT CATCHER FPSO FEED FD – Design Criteria and Philosophy
Discipline:
Unit:
L - Piping & Layout
System no:
IMO No:
00
Client: PREMIER OIL UK LIMITED
Document Title:

PIPING DESIGN PREMISE

Client Doc. No.: Doc. No.: Rev

C
DB10 4251-FD-00379827
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PIPING DESIGN PREMISE

Doc. No: 4251-FD-00379827 Rev.: C

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 SCOPE 3

2 ORGANISATION 3

3 RESPONSIBILITIES 3
3.1 Content ............................................................................................................ 3
3.2 Implementation ................................................................................................ 3

4 HOLD LIST 3

5 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 3
5.1 Definitions........................................................................................................ 5
5.2 Abbreviations .................................................................................................. 5

6 PROCESS PIPING 6
6.1 Pipe Design ..................................................................................................... 6
6.2 Line Sizing ....................................................................................................... 6
6.3 Layout and Clearance ..................................................................................... 7
6.4 Thermal Expansion and Support .................................................................... 9
6.5 Process Drains and Vents............................................................................... 9
6.6 Closed Drain System .................................................................................... 10
6.7 Strainers ........................................................................................................ 10
6.8 Valves............................................................................................................ 11
6.9 Pressure Safety Valves (PSVS) .................................................................... 13
6.10 Piping to Pumps, Vessels and Equipment .................................................... 13

7 UTILITY PIPING 14
7.1 Seawater, Utility Water and Potable Water Piping ....................................... 14
7.2 Utility Air and Instrument Air Piping .............................................................. 15
7.3 Operational Requirements of Instrument Air:................................................ 15
7.4 Heating Media Piping .................................................................................... 15
7.5 Fire Water System ........................................................................................ 16
7.6 eck Drains ..................................................................................................... 16

8 MARINE PIPING 16
8.1 General.......................................................................................................... 16
8.2 Steam & Condensate Piping ......................................................................... 17
8.3 Feed Water Piping System ........................................................................... 18

9 PIPING CONNECTIONS 18
9.1 General.......................................................................................................... 18
9.2 Butt Weld Connections .................................................................................. 18
9.3 Socket Weld Connections ............................................................................. 19
9.4 Flange Connections ...................................................................................... 19
9.5 Threaded Connections .................................................................................. 20

10 INSPECTION AND TESTING 21

10.1 Drawing Layout ............................................................................................. 21

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1 Scope
The purpose of this document is to define the minimum requirements for the design of piping to
be installed on Catcher FPSO, located offshore UK continental shelf whose design life shall be 20
years minimum.

2 Organisation
This Piping Design premise applies to Catcher project team and Contractors, which manage,
design, engineer, construction and deliver assets to BWO or BWO Client.

3 Responsibilities
3.1 Content
Catcher Project Engineering Manager is responsible for the content and the continuous updating
of this premise. The document shall not be altered or omitted without this position’s consent.

3.2 Implementation
All discipline leads are responsible for the implementation of this premise. Typical users are BWO
engineering team and sub-contractors; construction, commissioning and operations personnel.
Lead Piping & Layout will facilitate this process.

4 HOLD List
Documents on hold to be issued in the Execution fase.
 Controlled Bolt Torquing and Tensioning Procedure
 Paining Specification
 Specification for Pressure Testing and Flushing of Pipes
 Specification for the Examination of Piping and Structural Weld joints

5 Reference Documents
The design of piping systems and the piping material data sheets shall be in accordance with the
latest edition of the codes and standards listed below. A particular code or standard that will
apply during the course of design and fabrication shall be the latest revision published at the time
of design start.

 4251-FD-00380109 Drain Philosophy

 4251-FD-00379626
 4251-FD-00379835
 4251-FD-00380207
 4251-FD-00379659
 4251-SA-00379621
 4251-SA-00380674
 4251-FD-00379822
Safety Philosophy
Active Fire Protection Philosophy
Pipe Support Design Premise
Piping Stress Analysis Philosophy
Piping & Valve Material specification for Topside
Piping & Valve Material specification for Marine
Eathing, Bonding, Screening and Lightning Protection
Philosophy

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 4119-FD-00291687 Process Design Philosophy

 4251-HOLD Controlled Bolt Torquing and Tensioning Procedure

 4251-HOLD Paining Specification
 4251-HOLD Specification for Pressure Testing and Flushing of
Pipes
 4251-HOLD Specification for the Examination of Piping and Structural Weld
joints
 4256-SA-00379829 Insulation Specification for Pipework and Vessels

American Society Of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)

 B1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose (Inch)

 B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, NPS ½ through NPS 24
 B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Butt-Welding Fittings
 B16.11 Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
 B16.20 Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges – Ring-Joint, Spiral Wound
and Jacketed
 B16.21 Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
 B16.25 Butt-Welding Ends
 B16.47 Large Diameter Steel Flanges NPS 26 through NPS 60
 B31.3 Process Piping
 B31.4 Pipeline Transportation Systems for Liquid Hydrocarbons and Other
Liquids
 B31.8 Gas Transmission & Distribution Piping Systems
 B31.1 Power Piping
 B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
 B36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe

American Petroleum Institute (API)

 RP 14C Recommended Practice for Analysis, Design, Installation and Testing

Of Basic Surface Safety Systems for Offshore Production Platforms
 RP 14E Recommended Practice for Design and Installation of Offshore
Production Platform Piping Systems
 RP 14J Recommended Practice for Design and Hazards Analysis for Offshore
Production Facilities
 RP 520 Part I & II - Sizing, Selection, and Installation of Pressure-Relieving
Devices
 RP 521 Guide for Pressure Relieving and Depressuring Systems
 Std 590 Steel Line Blanks

Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry (MSS)

 SP-44 Steel Pipeline Flanges.

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National Association of Corrosion Engineers

 NACE: MR 01-75 / ISO 15156-1

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

 NFPA 13 Installation of Sprinkler Systems

 NFPA 15 Water Spray Fixed Systems for Fire Protection
 NFPA 24 Private Service Mains and Their Appurtenances
5.1 Definitions

Conflicts

If conflicts occur between the specification, data sheets and the referenced codes and standards,
the most stringent requirements shall apply.

5.2 Abbreviations
 AARH Arithmetric Average Roughenes Height
 API American Petroleum Institute
 ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
 ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials
 BOP Bottom Of Pipe
 BWO BW Offshore
 CS Carbon Steel
 FF Flat Faced
 FPSO Floating Production Storage & Offloading
 FRP Fibre Reinforced Pipe
 MPI Magnetic Particle Inspection
 NDT Non Destructive Testing
 NFPA nal Fire Protection Association
 NPSH Net Positive Suction Head
 PD Positive Displacement
 P& ID Piping & Instrument Diagram
 PSE Pressure Safety Element
 PSV Pressure Safety Valve
 PWHT Post Welded Heat Treatment
 RF Raised Face
 RT Rediography Test
 RTJ Ring Type Joint
 SOL Sockolet
 SS Stainless Steel
 TOL Tredolet
 TOP Top of Pipe
 UT Ultrasonic Test

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6 Process Piping
6.1 Pipe Design
6.1.1 Materials
Pipe, fittings and valves for services specified shall conform to that of the Piping & Valve Material
Specification for Topside (4251-SA-00379621) and Piping & Valve Material Specification for
Marine (4251-SA-00380674)

6.1.2 Design Pressures

Operating pressure and design pressure for piping systems and pressure safety device set points
shall be determined by BW Offshore Pte Ltd (BWO) with the Contractors assistance, and shall be
as specified on the P&ID and/or Line List.

6.1.3 Design Temperatures

Design temperatures downstream of a pressure safety valve (PSV), control valve, or other
pressure reducing shall be as specified on the P&ID and/or Line List.

6.1.4 Loads

Piping systems shall be designed for lines filled with water for hydro testing, except for flare
headers and any other large diameter vapour lines which may be Nitrogen tested as approved by
BWO.

Piping systems on FPSO’s located in seismically active areas shall be designed to withstand
horizontal and vertical seismic accelerations in addition to gravity and operating loads.

Piping systems on floating facilities shall be designed to meet the motion criteria as defined in the
Structural Design Basis.

Transportation and installation loads shall be considered in the design.

Pipe Stress Analysis Philosophy (4251-FD-00379659) should be referred to for calculation piping
loads.

6.1.5 Isolation Blinds

Permanent Figure of 8 spectacle blinds or spade and spacer shall be provided dividing the piping
as shown on the P&IDs.

6.1.6 Visual Inspection

All pipe spools shall be visually inspected followed by applicable NDT such as RT,UT,MPI etc.
prior to PWHT.

6.2 Line Sizing

6.2.1 General Pipe Sized

Pipe sizes, 1 1/4, 2 1/2, 3 1/2, 5 and 7 inch, shall not be used except with prior approval of BWO.
As a general rule, all run and rack piping shall be 2-inch minimum.

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If non-standard pipe sizes are part of purchased equipment, connecting pipe shall be transitioned
to the next standard size as soon as possible.

Minimum pipe sizes shall be ½ inch or ¾ inch except for the following may dictate:

 Instrument drains and vents

 Instrument tubing lines
 Pressure gauge lines
 Sample lines
 Chemical injection lines
 Rotating equipment components

Minimum pressure ratings for ¾-inch and smaller pipe fittings shall be 3000 psi.

6.2.2 Fluid Flow Line Sizes

Except for vents, flares, relief lines and fiberglass reinforced piping, single and multi-phase fluid
piping shall be sized by the methods outlined in API RP 14E.

Vents, flares and relief line piping shall be sized in accordance with API RP 521.
Typical fiberglass piping system are operated at flow velocities between 3 & 12 ft./sec.

6.3 Layout and Clearance

6.3.1 Piping Layout

The Layout shall be developed with the following aims:

 Ensure that the arrangement and functionality provided by the layout satisfies all safety,
operations and maintenance requirements with minimum impact on space, weight and cost.
 Piping shall be oriented either facility forward / aft or facility port side / starboard side
 Piping shall not be oriented diagonally in the horizontal or vertical plane without prior
approval of BWO.
 Un-insulated and insulated lines shall be located such that line reference points (bottom of
pipe) are at the same elevation as bottom of pipe of adjacent un-insulated lines. (i.e. on
shoes).
 Piping running facility forward or facility aft shall have a minimum of 600mm vertical
separation (BOP / BOP) or 200mm clear (TOP / BOP) from piping running facility east or
facility west, unless otherwise approved by BWO.
 Space shall be allocated at an early stage for primary and secondary escape routes, access
ways, main pipe/cable racks/trunks and main ductwork as well as main penetration areas.
 Plated deck penetrations shall:
 Employ seal welded deck penetration sleeves 150mm above deck and 25mm below
deck
 Have a minimum 50mm gap between sleeve and pip.
 Grated deck pipe penetration sleeves shall:
 Be tack-welded to grating
 Extend 50mm above and 50mm below grating
 Be split to permit passage of a flange for the pipe
 Gratings shall be galvanized after installation of penetration sleeve
 Piping shall be arranged to achieve the shortest, most efficient and distribution effective pipe
runs imposed by process logic and equipment layout.
 Piping arrangements around process vessels shall permit access to manholes and openings
in vessels with sufficient space to move davit supported covers out of the way.
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 All piping and tubing shall be arranged to facilitate supporting and design shall provide for
servicing or removal of instruments, pump casings, orifice plates, heat exchanger bundles,
filter elements and other equipment parts and appurtenances.
 Layout shall allow for equipment staging areas near cranes, where available, on each deck.
 Piping shall consider the following safety concerns:
 Crane lifts and other logistical operations over piping / vessels.
 Direct fired equipment, engine and turbine exhausts and potentially hazardous
mechanical equipment in vicinity.
 Local atmospheric vents, blowdown and relief of hydrocarbons relative to FPSO
orientation, potential ignition sources, seasonal wind directions, helicopter flights paths
and building air intakes.
 Piping layout to avoid obstruction of Deluge Spray Pattern and Flame detection.
 Piping layout should be such that it should avoid any dead legs.
 The drain system shall operate satisfactory during the planned trim condition of the vessel.
The minimum slope to be as per the Drain Philosophy (4251-FD-00380109)

6.3.2 Accessibility

Access to equipment valves and instruments shall be provided for operations, disassembly and
removal.

Control valves, relief valves, shutdown valves and lubricated valves shall be located such that the
valves may be serviced or replaced. Larger valves mush have necessary permanent lifting
arrangements if not temporary arrangements can be reasonable provided.

Except for drain and vent valves used solely for construction and start-up purposes, access to
valves, controls and instruments shall be provided from deck level and if necessary, by means of
ladder stairways, walkways or elevated landings.

Gauge glasses, temperature indicators and pressure gauges/instrument local indicators shall be
visible from:

 Deck of skid edge

 Related control instruments
 Ladders

Process sampling and drain connections shall be accessible from deck or elevated platform.

Drain and sampling effluent shall be captured by the open drains system by tubing to drain or skid
pan.

6.3.3 Clearances

The following minimum clearances (with modules) in Table 1 shall be provided, unless otherwise
specifically approved by BWO:

Table 1 Minimum Clearances

Clearance from Bottom of Pipe or Bottom
Application of Insulation to Deck

Personnel access for main escape routes, 2.3 m

overhead
(including bottom of associated pipe supports)
Personnel access for secondary escape, 2.1m

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overhead
(including bottom of associated pipe supports)

A minimum of 50mm clearance, including insulation and flanges, shall be provided between
adjacent piping runs.

Pipe spacing and bottom elevation shall take into account insulation thickness and movement
due to thermal expansion or contraction.

Lines with orifice meter assemblies, Space and spacer and spectacle blinds shall have sufficient
operational clearance and clearance for installation and removal.

6.3.4 Clear Passageways

Passageways for personnel access and movement and designated escape or evacuation routes
within modules shall be a minimum as per of 1.0m wide and secondary access shall be a min. of
0.8m wide with overhead clearance indicated in Table 1. Also see:
 4256-FD-00372546 Safety Philosophy

Low elevation piping and / or pipe stiles shall not be permitted in designated escape or
evacuation routes. Low elevation piping in other passageways may only be used with BWO
approval. Pipe stile must be used. Dead ends not to exceed 7m in length on Topside Modules.

6.3.5 Earthing

For Earthing requirements see:

 4251-FD-00379822 Earthing, Bonding, Screening and Lightning protection Philosophy.

6.4 Thermal Expansion and Support

For pipe thermal expansion:
 Refer Piping Stress analysis report and/ or applicable code.

For pipe support requirements see:

 4251-FD-00380207 Piping Support Design Premise.

6.5 Process Drains and Vents

6.5.1 Process Piping Drains

Drain valves shall be installed between isolation valves and either side of Pressure Reducing
valves where liquid may be trapped. In addition, if any other places where piping layout feel the
chances of liquid traping or drop out, a drain should be provided. Bleed rings may be used for this
purpose if a location is not otherwise available for a TOL or SOL.

Low point drains shall conform to the following minimum size connection in Table 2:

Table 2 Minimum Size Connections

Line Size Drain Size
Up to 11/2 ¾
2 to 6 1

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8 and larger 1 1/2

Operational low point drains in process service shall be piped with block valves to the closed
drains system.
Vent, relief, flare and gas compressor suction lines shall be designed to avoid low point liquid
traps. BWO must approve unavoidable traps, an operational low point drain shall be installed at
low points.

P&IDs shall be revised to include operational high point vents and low point drains after
completion of the piping design layout. To be included on as-built P&ID’s.

Low point drains shall be installed at the end of the Instrument Air and Utility Air headers.

6.5.2 Process Vessel Drains

Multiple drain valves on horizontal pressure vessels shall:

 Be manifold together
 Be connected to the closed drain system.
 Have both ends of manifold blind flanged for clean out or local draining to skid pan.

Vessel drain connections not connected to closed drain system shall have a valve with a blind
flange installed.

6.5.3 Vents

High points of lines shall have ¾ inch minimum vent connections.

Valve vents shall be installed where periodic vapour accumulation may be detrimental to
downstream equipment such as pumps and heat exchangers.

Vents required during start-up or operation shall be equipped with a valve.

Vents required only for hydro testing may be plugged without a valve. Frequently operated
valves shall be piped to the process vent system.

Elevation of vents to meet Hazardous area requirements. See:

 4251-FD-00379626 Safety philosophy

6.5.4 Plugs

Drain and vent valves not piped to specific locations shall be plugged, capped or blind flanged as
appropriate.

6.6 Closed Drain System

6.6.1 For Closed Drain requirements see:

 4251-FD-00380109 Drain Philosophy

6.7 Strainers

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6.7.1 Temporary and Permanent Strainers

Temporary and permanent strainers shall have net open area equal to or greater than 150% of
cross sectional area of inline piping.

Suction lines to rotating equipment (compressors, pumps, etc) shall have temporary or
permanent strainers.

Piping layout should allow easy removal of strainers for maintenance and replacement.

6.7.2 Temporary Strainers

Temporary strainers shall be provided upstream of pumps, plate heat exchangers, control valves
with noise abatement trim and other items subject to plugging.

Piping shall be arranged to permit removal of temporary strainers from flanged joints without
altering pipe, pipe supports or equipment alignment.

6.7.3 Permanent Strainers

Piping normally carrying fluids containing materials detrimental to the operation of instruments
and equipment shall have permanent strainers upstream of instruments and equipment.

Permanent strainers shall be installed upstream of turbine of PD meter in produced liquid service.

The strainer mesh size shall be as per instrument requirements.

6.8 Valves

6.8.1 General

If piping specification changes at a valve, the valve shall be rated for the higher pressure and
coincident temperature specification. Specification changes shall be indicated on the P&IDs.
The first process valve (root valve) from process piping header or vessel shall be ½ inch or ¾
inch minimum consistent with Section 3.2.1.

Unless otherwise approved by BWO, small valves shall not have bodies that screw apart.

Face – Face and End – End dimensions of butt welded and flanged valves shall be as per ASME
B16.10.

6.8.2 Ball Valves

Except as specified on P&IDs, ball valve shall be used for shutoff service, including block on well
manifolds and vents and drains in pressure classes through ASME 2500 and API 5000. These
valves shall normally be reduced port.

Unless otherwise specified, full port ball valves to be used in the following applications:

 Lines requiring pigging.

 Horizontal lines sloped for continuous draining.
 Inlet to meter runs.
 Inlet and outlet of pressure safety valves (PSVs), rupture disc (PSEs) and blowdown valves.
 Pump or compressor suction.

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 Reduction of pressure drop when necessary to meet design criteria.

 Full port valves shall be identified on P&IDs.

6.8.3 Butterfly Valves

Butterfly valves shall:

 Only be used in low pressure, non-critical water service.

 Be lug type valve installed with cap screws such that the piping may be removed from either
side without releasing the valve.

6.8.4 Check Valves

The following shall apply for the use of check valves in Table 3:

Table 3 Check Valves

Application Check Valve
½ to 2 Swing
½ to 1½ Piston
2 to 24 Dual Plate Wafer
Centrifugal pumps Swing
Reciprocating Pumps Piston
Centrifugal Compressors Piston
Reciprocating Compressors Piston

Swing check valves shall not be used in vertical pipe spools.

6.8.5 Globe Valve

Globe valves shall:

 Be used only where throttling is required.

 Not to be used to provide tight shutoff.

Manual breakdown valves shall be specified as globe valves.

Bypass valves shall be globe valves when bypass to Control Valves

6.8.6 Miscellaneous Valves

Except for low pressure service where ball valves shall be used, sample valves shall be needle
valves.

Sample valves shall be located upstream of control valves.

Generally chemical injection points should be located as far upstream in a piping run as practical
in order to maximize mixing.

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6.9 Pressure Safety Valves (PSV’S)

For Pressure Safety Valves see:
 4119-FD-00291687 Process Design Philosophy

6.9.1 Block Valves

PSV’s shall have an upstream full port block valve that can lock in the open position for single
PSVs. For spared PSVs e.g. 2x 100%, the upstream block valves shall be able to be locked in the
open and the closed position.

A bleed valve shall be installed between the inlet isolation valve and the PSV to allow in-situ
testing.

PSV’s shall have a downstream full port block valve that will lock in the open position. A bleed
valve shall be installed between the PSV and the downstream isolation valve.

6.9.2 Operational Requirements

PSVs shall be mounted at the same elevation or higher than the relief header.

6.10 Piping to Pumps, Vessels and Equipment

6.10.1 Pump Piping

Pump suction lines shall be:

 Sized and arranged to meet pump NPSH requirements.

 Routed to pumps without creating vapour traps in line.
 Routed to low continuously up or continuously down to the pump suction.

Check valves in pump discharge lines shall be located between pump and first block valve.
Piping at pumps shall have flexibility such that expansion or dead loads shall not imposed
excessive strain on pump casings.

If arrangements do not permit easy removal of pump, piping shall have removable spool pieces.
Flanged check valves or flange fittings between discharge and suction block valves and pump
may be used in lieu of spool pieces.

Pump casing and auxiliary drain connections on non-hydrocarbon pumps shall be piped to open
drain headers.

Eccentric reducers on horizontal pump suctions shall be installed with top flat (TF).

6.10.2 Positive Displacement Type Compressor Piping

Suction and discharge piping of positive displacement type compressors shall provide clearance
for removal of unit and pulling rotor without dismantling pipe.

Piping shall not obstruct compressor, instrumentation and seal oil components.

Lube oil return piping shall be sloped for gravity flow and have no pockets from the compressor or
turbine to the reservoir.

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6.10.3 Vessel Piping

Vessel vents shall be piped to vent system.

Distance between inlet and outlet nozzles on horizontal separators and surge vessels shall be
maximized.

Piping layout and supports shall not interfere with access to vessel man ways, gauge glasses,
primary level instruments and other facilities for operation and maintenance of units.

Spectacle blinds shall be provided when indicated on the P&IDs and piping arrangement
drawings.

6.10.4 Heat Exchange Piping

Exchanger orientation and piping shall provide for operating access, maintenance clearance,
pulling the tube bundle, rodding or replacement of tubes with no or minimal dismantling of piping.

Cooling water shall be configured such that exchanger remains full of water during a water supply
failure.

Gases shall be self-venting from exchanger.

Valve drains and vents shall be provided on both sides.

Valve chemical cleaning connections shall be provided as necessary.

Process design shall consider relief requirements resulting from possible tubing leaks.

7 Utility Piping
7.1 Seawater, Utility Water and Potable Water Piping

7.1.1 Operational Requirements

Seawater piping where seawater contains oxygen should be off material as per material selection
report. Where Carbon steel pipe is used, this must be internally coated. If not rubber line or glass
flake coated then suitable epoxy coating must be applied internally based on BWO approval.

All piping material shall be as per P&ID and material selection report.

Seawater Pump Discharge Piping

Seawater pump discharge piping shall be arranged to permit disassembly and access by lift
equipment for pulling the motor, column pipe, line shaft (if applicable) and pump.

Overhead piping shall be arranged to permit disassembly and access by lift equipment for pulling
the pump assembly.

7.1.2 Utility Water Stations

Utility water stations shall have:

 ¾ inch hose connections with ball valve and globe valve.

 15m lengths of hose.

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Processes or utilities requiring potable water shall have a hose connection. Permanent pipe
connections to the potable water system shall not be permitted.

All branch connections from the potable water header shall be from the bottom of the header.

7.2 Utility Air and Instrument Air Piping

7.3 Operational Requirements of Instrument Air:

Instrument air supply and distribution piping systems shall be designed in accordance with the
Piping & Valve Material Specification to meet the requirement of miscellaneous instrument items.

Service or utility air systems shall be provided:

 To meet demands of pneumatic tools, pneumatic pumps and air starters.

 For equipment cleaning.
 For backup supply to emergency control system.
 Where indicated by BWO.

Branch connections shall have isolation valves immediately adjacent to air header, and shall be
from the top of the header.

Auto water drain to be provided at low points of piping loops.

7.3.1 Layout Requirements

Utility air stations shall have:

 ¾ inch hose connections complete with ball valve and quick disconnect.
 15m lengths of air hose.

Workshops and designated working areas shall be provided with minimum of two utility air
stations.

7.4 Heating Media Piping

Heating media and steam piping shall be insulated in accordance with Insulation Specification for
Pipework and Vessels (4251-SA-00379829).

Steam piping shall be run to prevent pockets. Condensate shall be collected at low point by use
of steam trap.

Drain point shall be from the bottom of the header and steam take-offs from the top. Steam traps
shall be accessible from deck or platform.

The high operating temperature of this type of piping may require special considerations related
to:

 Expansion
 Temperature gradients with and without thermal insulation in flanges, gaskets and bolts
 Bolt pretension loads in flanges

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7.5 Fire Water System

7.5.1 Operational Requirements

Sprinkler and water spray system design and arrangement shall be in accordance with NFPA
Standard 13 and NFPA Standard 15 as applicable.

Sizes of distribution mains, laterals and risers shall be calculated to provide required flow rates
and pressures for the highest point in firewater piping system.

Lockable deluge isolation valves shall be installed to allow testing of the deluge valve without
deluging equipment.

Each section of piping that can be isolated shall contain high point and low point connections for
flushing and draining each section. A drain or vent shall be located immediately downstream of
the deluge valve.

Branch connections for deluge nozzles shall be attached to distribution header above header pipe
centre. No connections shall be permitted on lower portion of the piping.

7.5.2 Firewater Piping Layout

Firewater ring main shall be configured to take advantage of the natural protection afforded by
structural members, buildings and unclassified equipment or vessels.

To benefit from the physical protection and fire protection provided by a flooded deck, firewater
ring mains and laterals on solid decks shall be located below the deck that required firewater
service.

Isolation and by-pass valves serving fire main and laterals shall be accessible from deck level.

For Firewater stations location see:

 4251-FD-00379835 Active Fire Protection Philosophy

7.6 Deck Drains

7.6.1 For Deck Drain requirements see:

 4251-FD-00380109 Drain Philosophy

8 Marine Piping

8.1 General
JIS standard will be used for all marine and utility pipes due to construction issues in shipyard.

8.1.1 Materials

Pipe, fittings and valves for services specified shall conform to that of the Piping & Valve Material
Specification.

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8.1.2 Design Pressures

Operating pressure and design pressure for piping systems shall be determined by BW Offshore
Pte Ltd (BWO) with the Contractors assistance, and shall be as specified on the P&ID and/or Line
List.

8.1.3 Design Temperatures

Operating and Design temperatures shall be as specified on the P&ID and/or Line List.

8.1.4 Loads

Piping systems shall be designed for lines filled with water for hydro testing or with air for
pneumatic testing, as applicable.

Piping systems on FPSO’s located in seismically active areas shall be designed to withstand
horizontal and vertical seismic accelerations in addition to gravity and operating loads.

Piping systems on floating facilities shall be designed to meet the motion criteria as defined in the
Structural Design Basis.

Transportation and installation loads shall be considered in the design.

Pipe Stress Analysis Philosophy (4251-FD-00379659) should be referred to for calculation piping
loads.

8.1.5 Isolation Blinds

Permanent Figure of 8 spectacle blinds or spade and spacer shall be provided dividing the piping
as shown on the P&IDs.

8.1.6 Visual Inspection

All pipe spools shall be visually inspected followed by applicable NDT such as RT,UT,MPI etc.
prior to PWHT, as applicable.

8.2 Steam & Condensate Piping

Steam and condensate pipes to be designed to withstand the design internal pressures and
temperatures in accordance with applicable codes and Class rules. In addition they are designed
to take account of ample expansion and contraction without causing undue strain in pipe.

4251-FD-00379659 - Piping stress analysis Philosophy should be referred to in calculating piping

load and finalising pipe routing and supports.

Steam pipe penetration through bulkhead and deck shall be designed with allowance for
expansion and minimize the heat transfer to adjacent deck or bulkhead.
Branch off main steam headers shall be from the top of the header to obtain dry steam and avoid
carrying over of condensate.
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Each branch line shall have an isolation valve installed near the main header to allow
maintenance work without shutdown of main steam supply.

Condensate piping shall be attached to the lowest point of the equipment serviced and routed to
the steam trap so that condensate will flow by gravity to the trap.

For Steam line, all isolation valves of size 6” and over should have a warming through bypass.

8.3 Feed Water Piping System

Feed water pipe between boiler and the required stop valve and screw down check valve,
including these valves, are to be designed for a pressure not less than the smaller of the
following:

 1.25 times the maximum allowable working pressure of the boiler

 Maximum allowable working pressure of the boiler plus 15.5 bar (15.8 kgf/ cm sq., 225 psi)
 In no case is the feed water piping from the feed water pump to the boiler to be designed to a
pressure less than the feed pump relief valve setting or the shut-off head of the feed pump

9 Piping Connections

9.1 General

Hydrocarbon piping 2-inch and larger shall be of butt-welded construction.

Except for services described in Section 4.3, pipe sizes 1-1/2 inch and smaller maybe screwed.

Except where instruments may connect, pipe connections shall be ¾ inch minimum.

Thermowells mounted on lines below 4 inch size shall be blown or swage up to 4 inch.

9.2 Butt Weld Connections

9.2.1 Materials

Butt weld fittings for piping shall:

 Conform to ASME B16.9

 Be as specified in the Piping & Valve Material Specification for the particular class of service
intended

9.2.2 Elbows

Mitered elbows:

 Shall not be used in pressurized piping without prior approval of BWO

 May be used in open deck drain systems
 Short radius elbows as per ASME B16.28 shall be used only where space is limited and with
prior approval of BWO

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9.2.3 Bevels

Pipe ends for butt-welded of pipe and fittings shall be beveled in accordance with ASME B16.25
and as required by ASME B31.3.

9.3 Socket Weld Connections

9.3.1 General
Unless otherwise approved by BWO, piping 1-1/2 inch or less in diameter shall be socket welded
for the following services:

 Hydrocarbon service above 250°F

 Hydrocarbon service ASME Class 900 and above pressure rating
 Glycol service
 Heating medium fluids
 Lube oil systems

However, for vibration service, socket weld connections are not recommended.

9.4 Flange Connections

9.4.1 Materials

Flanges up to 24 inches for ASME Class 150 – 2500 shall:

 Conform to ASME B16.5

 Be as specified in the Piping and Valve Material Specification for the particular class of service
intended

Flanges 26 inches and larger shall:

 Conform to ASME B16.47 Series A

 Be as specified in the Piping and Valve Material Specification for particular class of service
intended

At the direction and / or agreement of BWO and Class Society, proprietary end connectors such
as Techlok, Re-Flange, Graylok or Taper Lok may be used to attain weight and space savings as
well as design flexibility.

9.4.2 Flange Faces

Raised face (RF) flanges shall have 125 – 250 AARH smooth finish faces in accordance with
ASME B16.5.

Ring type joint (RTJ) flanges shall have standard grooving in accordance with ASME B16.20.

Flanges mating with flat faced (FF) flanges, such as case steel pump nozzle or Bondstrand
fiberglass flanges shall be flat faced type. A connecting RF flange can be used to mate with a
pumps integral FF flange – Client.

Unless otherwise specified, flange bolt holes shall straddle normal horizontal and vertical
centreline of pipe.

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9.4.3 Flange Bolts

Length of stud bolts shall be in accordance with ASME B16.5 plus 6mm.

Bolt threads shall extend 3mm past nuts on both ends when tightened in place.

Bolts and nuts shall be Hot Dip Galvanised.

Refer to Controlled Bolt Torquing and Tensioning Procedure (HOLD).

9.4.4 Weld Neck Flanges

Weld neck flanges shall be preferred for all services. Weld neck bore shall match inside
diameter of connecting pipe.

9.4.5 Reducing Flanges

If welded reducers, swage nipples or standard fittings cannot be used, reducing flanges or
flanged fittings may only be used with prior approval of BWO.

9.4.6 Slip-On Flanges

Slip-On Flanges can be used for low pressure system upon approval by BWO.

9.4.7 Flange Blinds

Spectacle blinds, rather than spade-type blinds, shall be used for permanent installation (consider
a max weight limit of 25kg for handling purposes). Thickness of blinds shall be calculated in
accordance with ASME B31.3.

Blind flanges shall be in accordance with ASME B16.5.

Spectacles, blanks and spacers shall be in accordance with API Std. 590 and ASME B31.3.

9.4.8 Flange Gaskets

Insulating flange gasket sets shall be provided to isolate dissimilar materials.

 Piping from pipelines.

 Bridge connected piping between platforms.
 For mating flanges of dissimilar materials (CS to SS).

Full-face gaskets shall be used at flat face flange connections.

Gaskets for RF (Spiral Wound Gasket) and RTJ flanges shall be in accordance with ASME
B16.20.

Flange gaskets shall meet the requirements for the service specified in the Piping & Valve
Material Specification.

9.5 Threaded Connections

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9.5.1 Materials

Swage and pipe nipples shall be in accordance with piping material specifications for the class of
service stated in Piping & Valve Material Specification.

Forged steel screwed fittings shall:

 Conform to ASME B16.11.

 Be in accordance with individual pipe specifications for the class service stated in Piping &
Valve Material Specification.

Pipe nipples that support gauges, valves or other devices shall be schedule 160 minimum.

Square head plugs, threaded bushings, close thread (all-thread) pipe nipples and street ells shall
not be used.

Swage nipples shall be used instead of threaded bushings.

Threaded pipe connections shall have standard pipe taper threads in accordance with ASME
B1.20.1.

9.5.2 Unions

Screwed piping shall incorporate unions for ease of removal of equipment.

Unions shall:

 Be located on the low pressure side of block valves.

 Not be installed between a pressure vessel and the first block valve.

9.5.3 Vibration

Threaded piping shall not be used in hydrocarbon services.

Nipples, regardless of length, connected to a reciprocating pump or other equipment and piping
where vibration is anticipated shall be securely braced.

Piping 1 inch and less shall have adequate support.

Pipe racks with widely spaced pipe rack supports shall incorporate intermediate supports.

Threaded piping is not recommended in vibration services.

10 Inspection and Testing

 Refer (HOLD) Specification for the Examination of Piping and Structural Weld Joints
 Refer (HOLD) Specification for Pressure testing and Flushing of Pipes

10.1 Drawing Layout

P&IDs shall be arranged in a neat and logical manner with piping shown in most direct and
efficient layout. The following shall be adhered to as closely as practical.

Process flow and various inter-connections of pipe shall represent the physical layout of the
process system as closely as practical.

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Initial layout of process vessels and equipment shall provide adequate space to add instruments,
controls and accessories as required.

Drawings shall be kept legible and easy to interpret without resorting to miniature fonts to show
necessary information.

Adequate space shall be provided for transferring equipment information to P&IDs.

Equipment design data shall be collected as early as practical for inclusion in the drawings
consistent with the P&ID legend and drafting practices.

Boundary edges for skid mounted vessels and equipment shall be shown with process and utility
connections shown terminating at the skid edge with the flange or pipe connection size indicated.
Process lines carrying associated gases and vapors shall be arranged across the top of the
process vessels and equipment or at top of sheet, to include vent, relief and blowdown lines.

Process lines handling liquids and two-phase flow shall be shown below the process vessels and
equipment, or at bottom of sheet.

Adequate space across the top of the sheet shall be reserved for inserting equipment and vessel
title blocks and descriptions.

Process lines / instrument loop interconnections carried forward or backward to the next sheet
shall carry line continuation blocks.

Process lines not having a connection to a process vessel, equipment or other process line shall:

 Not be shown on the drawing.

 Be identified on the previous sheet with a line continuation block identifying the sheet number
to which the line will be continued on.

Line continuation block shall be shaped to indicate the direction of flow.

Finalized P&IDs shall be such quality as to permit shot-down reproductions to A3 size

Figure of 8 spectacle blinds shall be shown on P&IDs at flanged locations dividing hydrotest
systems for permanent reference.

P &ID shall indicate Spec break clearly, wherever applicable.

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