Form 4: Chapter 2 (Quadratic Equations)

SPM Practice
Fully-Worked Solutions

Paper 1

1 2x(x – 3) = (2 – x)(x + 1) 2
–b ± b – 4ac
2x 2 – 6x = 2x + 2 – x 2 – x x =
2a
3x 2 – 7x – 2 = 0
2
(–7)2 – 4(3)(–2) –9 ± 9 – 4(3)(–5)
x = – (–7) ± x =
2(3)
2(3)
49 + 24 –9 ± 141
7± x =
x = 6
6
7 ± 8.5440 x = 0.4791 or –3.479
x=
6
5 9x 2 + qx + 1 = 4x
x = 2.591 or –0.2573
9x 2 + qx – 4x + 1 = 0
2 5 9x 2 + (q – 4)x + 1 = 0
2 The roots are and – .
3 2 a = 9, b = q – 4, c = 1
2 5 11
 
Sum of roots = + – = –
3 2 6
If the equation has equal roots, then
b 2 – 4ac = 0
2 5 5
 
2
Product of roots = × – = – (q – 4) – 4(9)(1) = 0
3 2 3 q 2 – 8q + 16 – 36 = 0
The quadratic equation is q 2 – 8q – 20 = 0
11 5 x 2 – (sum of roots)x + (q + 2)(q – 10) = 0
x2 + x– =0
6 3 (product of roots) = 0 q = –2 or 10
6x2 + 11x – 10 = 0
6 (a) mx 2 + nx + 12 = 0
3 y = 5x – 2 … 1 If the quadratic equation has equal roots,
y = 3x + 3x + k … 2
2
b 2 – 4ac = 0
Substituting 2 into 1 : n2 – 4m(12) = 0
3x2 + 3x + k = 5x – 2 n2 = 48m
n2
3x2 – 2x + k + 2 = 0 m=
48
a = 3, b = –2, c = k + 2
(b) If m = 2 and n = –11,
In the case where a curve does not meet a straight 2x 2 – 11x + 12 = 0
line, b2 – 4ac < 0 is applied. (2x – 3)(x – 4) = 0
b2 – 4ac < 0 3
x = or 4
2
(–2) – 4(3)(k + 2) < 0 2
4 – 12k – 24 < 0 7 x 2 – px – 6 = 0
–12k – 20 < 0 When x = –1
–12k < 20 (–1)2 – p(–1) – 6 = 0
20 1+p–6=0
k >
–12 p–5=0
2 p=5
k > –1
3
b
8 Sum of roots = – 
4 7 – 2(1 + x)2 = x(x + 5) a
7 – 2(1 + 2x + x 2) = x 2 + 5x 2 + m + 1 = –(n – 2)
7 – 2 – 4x – 2x 2 = x 2 + 5x 3+m=2–n
3x 2 + 9x – 5 = 0 m + n = –1 … 1
ACE ANALYSIS Additional Mathematics SPM
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 Product of roots = c New roots are 3 and 3.
a
2(m + 1) = 6 Sum of new roots = 3 + 3
m=2 = 3( + )
From 1 : 2 + n = –1
n = –3
= 3 – 7
2 ( )
= – 21
9 x(x – 6) = h – 4k 2
x2 – 6x + 4x – h = 0 Product of new roots = (3)(3)
a = 1, b = –6, c = 4k – h = 9
For equal roots,
b2 – 4ac = 0
=3 5
2 ()
(–6)2 – 4(1)(4k – h) = 0 = 15
36 – 16k + 4h = 0 2
9 – 4k + h = 0 The new quadratic equation is
h = 4k – 9
x2 + 21  x + 15 = 0
10 (a) 2x2 + mx – 4 = 0 2 2
Given that 2 is a root, then x = 2. 2x2 + 21x + 15 = 0
2(2)2 + m(2) – 4 = 0
4 + 2m = 0 12
26 cm
2m = – 4 26 cm
x x
m = –2 x x x

(b) Sum of roots = – 6 x 16 cm

– b = – 6 x
a x x
m x x x
–  = – 6
2 The total front area of the four pieces of wood is
m = 12 80 cm2.
11 (a) 2x2 + 7x + 5 = 0 2(26x) + 2x(16 – 2x) = 80
52x + 32x – 4x2 = 80
Sum of roots = – b
a 4x2 – 84x + 80 = 0
x2 – 21x + 20 = 0
 +  = – 7
2 (x – 1)(x – 20) = 0
x = 1 or 20
Product of roots = c
a x = 20 is not accepted.
5 ∴x=1
 =
2 Hence, the width of the wood is 1 cm.

Paper 2

1 (a) x2 + 3(3x + k) = 0 2(–3)2 = 3k

x2 + 9x + 3k = 0 18 = 3k
k=6
Sum of roots = – b
a (b) The new roots are p – 2 = –3 – 2 = –5 and
p + 2p = –9
3p = –9 p + 4 = –3 + 4 = 1.
p = –3 Sum of roots = –5 + 1 = – 4
Product of roots = –5(1) = –5
Product of roots = c The quadratic equation is
a
p(2p) = 3k x2 + 4x – 5 = 0.
2p2 = 3k
ACE ANALYSIS Additional Mathematics SPM
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