Antiviral merupakan obat untuk menangani infeksi infeksi virus dengan cara memblock

perkembangbiakan virus dan metabolism sel yang terinfeksi virus.

Antiviral bisa mencegah atau memblock proses penyerangan suatu virus kedalam sel, pemberian
antiviral akan menghambat fase atau siklus perkembangbiakan virus contoh :

Pada siklus attachment(blocked):

 Envuvirtide
 Maraviroc
 Docosanol
 Palivizumab

siklus penetration(blocked):

 Interferon-alfa

siklus sintesis protein dan asam nukleat(blocked):

 NNRTIs
 NRTIs
 Acyclovir
 Foscamet
 Entecavir

siklus Lisis(blocked):

 Neuroaminidase inhibitors

Beberapa obat antivirus diantaranya adalah sebagai berikut:

Nama obat Jenis virusTipe kimia Target

Vidarabine Herpesviruses
Analog Virus polymerase
nukleosida
Acyclovir Herpes simplex Analog Virus polymerase
(HSV) nukleosida
Gancyclovir and valcyte Cytomegalovirus Analog Virus polymerase
(CMV) nukleosida
Nucleoside-analog reverse Retroviruses (HIV) Analog Reverse
transcriptase inhibitor nukleosida transcriptase
(NRTI) : AZT (Zidovudine),
ddl (Didanosine),
ddC (Zalcitabine),
d4T (Stavudine),
3TC (Lamivudine)
Nono-nucleoside reverse Retroviruses (HIV) Analog Reverse
transcriptase inhibitor nukleosida transcriptase
(NNRTI) : Nevirapine,
Delavirdine
Protease inhibitor HIV Analog peptida HIV protease
Saquinavir, Ritonavir,
Indinavir, Nelfinavir
Ribavirin Broad spectrum : Triazole RNA mutagen
HCV, HSV, carboxamide
measles, mumps,
Lassa fever
Amantadine/ Rimantadine Influenza strains A Tricyclic amine
Matrix protein/
haemagglitinin
Relenza and Tamiflu Influenza strains A Neuraminic acid Neuraminidase
and B mimetic inhibitor
Pleconaril Picornaviruses Small cyclic Blocks attachment
and uncoating
interferons Hepatitis B and C protein Cell defense
proteins activated

Drs.Tan Hoan Tjay dan Drs. Kirana Rahardja. 2007. Obat-obat Penting ed. 6 depkes
RI. Jakarta.

Mary J. Mycek, Ph.D. dkk. 1995. Ed. 2. Farmakologi Ulasan bergambar. Jakarta.