Teaching Aptitude and Its Aspects With MCQs On Teaching Aptitude Full Notes

2/13/2018 Teaching Aptitude and its aspects with MCQs on Teaching Aptitude full notes
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Teaching Aptitude and its aspects wi

MCQs on Teaching Aptitude fu notes
June 23, 2017
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efinition of teaching
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Teaching includes all the activities of providing education to other. The person who
CBSE UGC NET
provides education is called a teacher. The teacher uses different methods for giving best
Important Points to remember
knowledge to his students. He tries his best to make understand students. His duty is to MCQ
encourage students to learn the subjects. MCQs on teaching Aptitude
teaching aptitude
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Teaching means interaction of teacher and students. They participate for their mutual
benefits. Both have their own objective and target is to achieve them.
Many great teachers of the world define teaching in a different way and we can say that
teaching is just to train the students so that they can stand on their own foot in society.
In teaching, three main aspects comes in our front
1st is teacher
2nd is students
3rd is education
Nature and characteristics of teaching
1. The main character of teaching is to provide guidance and training.
2. Teaching is an interaction between teacher and students.
3. Teaching is an art to giving knowledge to students with effective way.
4. Teaching is a science to educate fact and causes of different topics of
different subjects.
5. Teaching is continuing process.
6. A teacher can teach effectively if
he has full confidence on the subject.
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8. Teaching is formal as well as informal
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9. Teaching is communication of information to students. In teaching,
teacher imparts information in an interesting way so that students can
easily understand the information.
10. Teaching is a tool to help the student to adjust himself in society and
its environment.
MCQs ON TEACHING APTITUDE
1. If some of the students in the class are found to be using intoxicants,
the teacher should
(a)Inform police
(b)Inform the headmaster
(c)Advise them properly
(d)Punish them
Ans. Advise them properly
2. The mental development of the child most closely parallels an increase in:
(a)His ability to get along with others.
(b)His ability to profit from experience
(c)His stock of knowledge
(d)His ability to memorize
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Ans. His ability to profit from experience
3. Which of the following is not a valuable feedback for a teacher?
(a)Parents
(b)Colleagues
(c)Librarian
(d)Students
Ans. Librarian
4. Which of the following is true about modern evaluation system in secondary school?
(a)Encourages root learning
(b)Continuous evaluation system
(c)Product oriented evaluation
(d)Summative evaluation system
Ans. Continuous evaluation system
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5. The majority of the teachers in your school want you to be the staff secretary. You are not
very confident. How will you react to the proposal?
(a)Tell them curtly, that you wouldn’t take it up
(b)Tell them that you are not the apt person
(c)Accept the challenge seeking their co-operation in all matters.
(d)Suggest the name of somebody instead
Ans. Accept the challenge seeking their co-operation in all matters.
6. Who is the best motivator of a student at school?
(a)The teacher
(b)The headmaster
(c)The management
(d)Peer group
Ans. The teacher
7. Better Nav classes tends to raise intelligence:

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(a)False
(b)Only to some extent
(c)Don’t know
(d)True
Ans. True
8. In a PTA meeting, how would you behave?
(a)Answer very shortly for the questions asked by the parents
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(b)Discuss classes
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(c)Introduce them to the principal
(d)Try to avoid interaction with the parents
Ans. Discuss the abilities and weaknesses of the child
9. The quality of teaching is based on:
(a)Discipline in the classroom
(b)Attainment of information
(c)Development of rapport with students
(d)Overall development of students
Ans. Overall development of students
10. What step will you take, if the noise from the neighboring class disturbs your teaching?
(a)Go to that class and openly tell the teacher that the noise is quite distressing
(b)Make a complaint to the principal about the class.

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(d)Go to the class immediately and scold the teacher
Ans. Go to that class and openly tell the teacher that the noise is quite distressing
11. To help a student to select the course of study for higher education is:
(a)Vocational guidance
(b)Personal guidance
(c)Educational guidance
(d)None of these
Ans. Educational guidance
12. An effective teacher should:
(a)Induce the students to learn
(b)Increase pass percentage
(c)Help the students in preparing good notes

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Ans. Induce the students to learn
13. One of your colleagues requests you to do a favor while evaluating a student. What
would you do in this situation?
(a)Advise him not to do undesirable things
(b)Pretend to oblige, but do not do any favor
(c)Evaluate the answer book objectively
(d)Scold him and deny the request
Ans. Evaluate the answer book objectively
14. Why do you prefer teaching profession?
(a)Reasonably good salary
(b)It is a comfortable vacation
(c)It is a noble profession
(d)It is a less responsible vocation
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Ans. It is a noble profession
15. “Stress should be laid on principle of Co-operative activity, flowing accuracy, initiative
and individual responsibility in learning” has been stated by:
(a)Gandhiji
(b)Tagore
(c)Aurobindo
(d)Nehru
Ans. Gandhiji
16. A student raises questions in the classroom. The teacher should:
(a)Scold him for disturbing the whole class
(b)Advise him to learn well
(c)Appraise him and do answer to his question
(d)Pay no attention
Ans. Appraise him and do answer to his question
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17. A free democratic classroom will be best suited for:
(a)Children who lack emotional security
(b)Children from authoritarian homes
(c)Children being trained to become free citizen
(d)Children with strong need for guidance
Ans. Children being trained to become free citizen
18. Teachers who are enthusiastic in the classroom teaching:
(a)Simply dramatize to hold the student’s attention
(b)Involve the students in the teaching-learning process
(c)Often lack proficiency in the subjects
(d)All of the above
Ans. Involve the students in the teaching-learning process
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19. Which of classes
the following teacher traits are the reasons given by children for not liking the
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teacher?
(a)Ignorance of the subject matter
(b)Unfairness and favoritism
(c)Unreasonable demands on the children
(d)Irritable and bad temperament
Ans. Irritable and bad temperament
20. Creativity in the classroom can be promoted by:
(a)Giving creativity exercises
(b)Giving rewards for new ideas
(c)Identifying creative children
(d)All the above
Ans. All the above
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21. Educational psychology is oriented towards:
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(a)The application of the principles and techniques of psychology to the solution of the
problems of the classroom
(b)The definition of goals for which the teacher should strive
(c)The identification of potentially successful educational procedure
(d)The study of the peculiarities of individual children
Ans. The application of the principles and techniques of psychology to the solution of the
problems of the classroom
22. The capacity to think rationally and act purposefully is:
(a)Perception
(b)Intelligence
(c)Reasoning
(d)Creativity
Ans. Intelligence
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23. If students do not understand what is taught in the classroom, the teacher should feel,
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(a)Terribly bored
(b)To explain it in a different way
(c)That he is wasting time
(d)Pity for the students
Ans. To explain it in a different way
24. Which of the following provides more freedom to the learner to interact?
(a)Large group discussion
(b)Seminar
(c)Lecture by experts
(d)Small group discussion
Ans. Small group discussion
25. The first important step in teaching is:

(aOrganizingg material to be taught SUBSCRIBE SEARCH
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(b)Knowing the background of students
(c)None of these
(d)Planning before hand
Ans. Knowing the background of students
There are different types of teaching methods which can be categorised
into three broad types. These are teacher-centred methods, learner-
centred methods, content-focused methods and interactive/participative
methods.
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Methods of Teaching with Uses, A…
INSTRUCTOR/TEACHER CENTRED METHODS
Here the teacher casts himself/herself in the role of being a master of the
subject matter. The teacher is looked upon by the learners as an expert or
an authority. Learners on the other hand are presumed to be passive and
copious recipients of knowledge from the teacher. Examples of such
methods are expository or lecture methods – which require little or no
involvement of learners in the teaching process. It is also for this lack of

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called “closed-ended”.
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LEARNER-CENTRED METHODS
In learner-centred methods, the teacher/instructor is both a teacher and a
learner at the same time. In the words of Lawrence Stenhouse, the teacher
plays a dual role as a learner as well “so that in his classroom extends
rather than constricts his intellectual horizons”. The teacher also learns
new things everyday which he/she didn’t know in the process of teaching.
The teacher, “becomes a resource rather than an authority”. Examples of
learner-centred methods are discussion method, discovery or inquiry
based approach and the Hill’s model of learning through discussion (LTD).
CONTENT-FOCUSED METHODS
In this category of methods, both the teacher and the learners have to fit
into the content that is taught. Generally, this means the information and
skills to be taught are regarded as sacrosanct or very important. A lot of
emphasis is laid on the clarity and careful analyses of content. Both the
teacher and the learners cannot alter or become critical of anything to do
with the content. An example of a method which subordinates the
interests of the teacher and learners to the content is the programmed
learning approach.
INTERACTIVE/PARTICIPATIVE METHODS
This fourth category borrows a bit from the three other methods without
necessarily laying emphasis unduly on either the learner, content or
teacher. These methods are driven by the situational analysis of what is
the most appropriate thing for us to learn/do now given the situation of
learners and the teacher. They require a participatory understanding of
varied domains and factors.
Details of Various Methods with Advantages & Disadvantages
METHOD USES ADVANTA DISAD
GES VANTA
GES
THE LECTURE METHOD 1. To orient 1. Saves 1.
A formal or semi-formal students. time. Involve
discourse is which the 2. To introduce 2. Permits s one
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THE PROGRAMMED 1. To provide 1. Reduce 1.
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THE STUDY ASSIGNMENT
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METHOD students to a Increase Requir
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A method in which the topic prior to coverage e
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THE TUTORIAL METHOD 1. To reach 1. Permits 1.
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THE SEMINAR METHOD 1. To provide 1. 1.
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THE DEMONSTRATION 1. To teach 1. 1.
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operation or doing a job
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THE DEMONSTRATION 1. To teach 1. Builds 1.
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THE BUZZ GROUPA buzz 1. To develop 1. Help 1.
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discussion group usually
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involving to 3 persons ideas, opinions. breath. in use.
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responding to a specific 2. Stimulate 2. Gauge 2. Time
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BRAINSTORMINGBrainstormi 1. Discover new 1. Leads 1. It
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Few Key Points to be Noted for Methods of Teaching SUBSCRIBE SEARCH
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Lecture Method
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It creates new ideas.
It is good for large class.
Teacher is experienced and has mastery on subject, explain all points
and can answer all questions raised by students.
Students can ask if they need any clarification.
Learn through listening
Teacher explains all points.
Students give their input
Teacher discuss whole topic in the class in easy language students
can easily understand the topic.\
It is good for large class.
Teacher provides all knowledge related to topic.
Time saving as teacher is supposed to finish lecture in time.
Students give their views at the end of lecture.
Students can ask question if they have any problem to understand
lecture.
Students attentively listen lecture and take notes as the teacher ask
questions at the end of lecture.
Students know and understand basic concepts.
Teacher knows all the students so he/she can use suitable strategies
for the class to make them understand.
Teacher is experienced and has mastery on subject and can answer
all questions by students.
Teacher share information with students so it creates interest in
students.
Students are more involved and participate when teacher ask
question.
Teacher provides notes.
Students easily understand every point.
Students share knowledge with teacher.
Teacher is role model for students.
Group discussion:

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• Discuss with teachers the points that were missed during discussion.
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• Students learn on their own & find out key points.
• Students exchange their ideas.
• Students get point of view of all and not only those who always
speak.
• After discussion when students give their presentation, teacher
corrects their mistakes.
• Students can make their own notes.
• The learning is more effective.
• They don’t have to rely on rote learning.
• Develops creativity among students.
• It evokes thinking among students.
• Students have time for preparation of topic.
• Students should have material and knowledge before discussion.
Suggestion
• Only those students participate who have confidence rest do not
participate.
• Concepts become clear after discussion.
• Every student gives his/ her opinion.
Individual presentation
• Hamm (2008) quoted Rafe; “A presentation involves motivating
listeners to accept a new idea, alter an existing
opinion, or act on a given premise.”
• Students first thoroughly understand the topic before giving
presentation i.e. mastery on topic.
• It increases confidence among students.
• Good way to learn for only one student who is presenting.
• Students search lot of books to collect material
• Teacher’s supervision is important
Assignment
• It enhances the ability of research on any topic as the students
search topic from different books, websites etc.
• Active learning
Seminars

• Give Chance to meet other people of same profession. SUBSCRIBE SEARCH
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• Motivate and make student active in learning.
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• Interested method.
Workshops
• Give Chance to meet other people of same profession.
Conferences
• Give Chance to meet other people of same profession.
• Networking with other institutions and professionals.
Brain storming
• More interesting
• More informative
• Gain knowledge
• Learning is effective
• More participation of students
• Students give their opinion
• Active learning
• Creative thinking is encouraged.
• Students think beyond their knowledge.
• Every one gets the chance to express their thoughts.
• Simple topics can be learnt through different angles.
Role play
• Interesting method
• Students enjoy the situation
• Active learning
• Easy to learn
Case study
• Active learning
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Aims &YouTube
Modes of Teaching
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Aims of Teaching
a. Change the behaviour of students – Teaching
b. Improve learning skills of students – Conditioning
c. Shaping behaviour & conduct – Training
d. Acquisition of knowledge – Instruction
e. Formation of beliefs - Indoctrination
Modes of Teaching
1. Training helps to shape conduct and various skills
2. Instruction & Indoctrination work on a higher footing than conditioning
& training
3. Instruction is concerned with the development of knowledge &
understanding in an individual
4. Teaching is aimed towards the shaping of a total individual
5. Indoctrination is a high level of teaching shaping beliefs & ideals
Objectives of Teaching
· Desired changes in pupils
· Shape behaviour & conduct
· Acquisition of knowledge
· Improve learning skills
· Formation of a belief system
· Provide a social & efficient member to the society
Modern Concepts of Teaching
a. Questioning
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b. Discussion
· Clears doubts of students
· Expression of thought
· Teacher directs discussion
c. Investigation
· Either individual or group after the teacher presents the
information
· Can be followed by expression of thoughts of the students
d. Expression
· Can be in the form of practical activities
Basic Requirements in Teaching
a. Three variables in teaching – Includes the Teacher, Student
& Environmental factors
b. Professionalism
c. Suitable Environment
d. Teacher Student Relationship
e. Students Discipline
f. Teacher & Students devotion to teaching & learning
Learner Characteristics
i. Readiness – Motivation, interest & curiosity to learn
ii. Exercise – Practice what is learnt
iii. Effect – Activities associated with pleasure are preferred
over those that lead to pain or punishment
iv. Attitudes & Habits – Must be positive & encouraging
v. Absence of anger & jealousy- They weaken learning
abilities

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Factors Effecting Teaching
· The three variables of the teacher, student & environment
· Teacher student relationship
· Methods of teaching used
· Teacher- Administration relationship
· The social environment
Methods of Teaching
Teaching is an exercise of both talent & creativity
involving a repertoire of skills, techniques and
procedures. The teaching profession has faced
many challenges and transformations and has
adopted recent and sophisticated technology.
The act of teaching has three phases mainly,
· Pre-Active: Planning phase
· Inter-Active: Implementation of what was
planned i.e. actual teaching
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There are five steps involved in the process of
teaching:
a. Preparation
· Of both the teacher and student

· Teacher must identify the level of the children
· The teacher can introduce the lesson by asking
appropriate questions from a previous chapter to
connect it to the new chapter
· Relevant topics/stories can be discussed &
narrated in class
· Introduction must be brief and create interest to
stimulate curiosity in students
b. Presentation
· Teacher must state the aim of the lesson to be

taught so that the students can prepare
themselves for what they are expecting
· The teacher then presents the lesson by using
different materials, presenting facts and other
principles relevant to the lesson
· The teacher can leave some area of the lesson for
the student to explore
c. Comparison
· The third step of learning where the student is

presented with the opportunity to compare two
sets of facts
d. Generalization
· By observation and comparison various

conclusions can be drawn
· Teachers must aid the students when they arrive
at incorrect generalizations
· The students must understand the law/principle
taught by the teacher for this stage to be
successful
e. Application
· Knowledge loses half its value unless if used in

the discovery of further facts and their
application to new situations
· Makes learning meaningful and permanent
· Serves purpose of revision of what has been
learnt
· Children can be evaluated through examinations
A. Methods of Teaching According to Different

Schools of Philosophy
a. Methods by Idealism
- They speak of the general nature of teaching
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They don’t specify any method to be adopted
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while learning (used during
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- aka informal dialectic method
- Idealist value use of well prepared &
presented lectures
- Socrates – Question method
- Plato – Conversational method
- Aristotle – Inductive and Deductive methods
- Hegel – Logical method
- Pestalozzi – Self activity method
- Herbart – Discussion method
- Froebel’s metaphor of ‘Kindergarten’
b. Methods by Naturalism
- Rousseau believed education lasts

throughout life & is gained everyday through
various life experiences
- He believes learning should be based on
actual experience & a practical problem must be
studied in its natural setting
- Learning can also take place in the spirit &
methods of play
- The methods recommended by Rousseau
maybe identified with the heuristic method &
experimental method advocated by John Dewey
c. Pragmatic Methods
- Focus on child and society and the activities

therein
- Learning occurs as a result of an activity
- Children must learn how to discover &
method of teaching experimental
- It must develop reflective thinking in children
so that they ask ‘Why?’
- The Project method of teaching is where a
problematic act has to be carried out in
completion in its natural setting
d. Existential Methods
- Ask questions until
an acceptable conclusion is reached.
- Focuses on Inductive thinking
- Emphasis on individual education
- Homeschooling preferred over School
Education
- Does not believe in indoctrination but
enhancing the child's creativity
B. Methods of Teaching recommended by

Secondary
School Commission (1952-1953)
i. Methods of teaching must provide opportunities

for children to develop clear thinking & expression
ii. Individual - centered methods & opportunities for

practical application of knowledge must be adapted
iii. Activity and Project method must be used in

school practice
iv. Experimental & Demonstrative Schools must be

encouraged (e.g: NCC)
C. Specific Methods in Teaching
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Inferentialstudy notesTechnique
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It involves Inductive and Deductive Reasoning
YouTube 999+which is the basis for problem solving
Steps in Inductive Reasoning
i. Recognition of the problem

ii. Searching for data
iii. Organization for data
iv. Framing tentative solutions
v. Elimination
vi. Verification
(Note: For Deductive Reasoning one begins from vi.

to i.)
2. Team - Teaching / Co-operative teaching
- Its a recent idea in the field of education

- Here two ore more teachers make a plan of the
subjects cooperatively, carry it out and evaluate the
effects on the students periodically
3. Micro - Teaching
- Term coined by Dwight Allen of Stanford University

in 1963
Features of Micro - Teaching
i. Teacher training technique

ii. Focus on developing teachers skills
iii. Reduces class size to 5-10 students
iv. Topics taught are small
v. Individualized training skill
vi. Feedback for trainee's performance
vii. Effective device to prepare competent teachers
viii. Learners are provided with immediate
knowledge of the correctness of response.
Steps in Micro - Teaching
i. Defining the skill

ii. Demonstrating the skill
iii.Planning the lesson
iv. Teaching the lesson
v.Discussion
vi. Re planning
vii. Re- Teaching
viii. Re-discussion
ix. Repeating the cycle till desired level of skill is
achieved
4. Question Answer technique in teaching
Purpose of questioning
i. Test knowledge
ii. Locate difficulty
iii.Arouse motivation
iv. Participation of students
v. Apply knowledge
D. Teaching Aids
Teaching aids helps students to improve their skills

and make learning fun. There are various kinds of
teaching aids.
1. Chart - Shows group facts in the form of a diagram,
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YouTube 2. Flash
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letters, pictures or words on it & are used for facts
and enhance memory
3. Flip Charts - Useful for teaching large groups at a

time and while teaching a lesson which involves
stages or a process.
4. Maps - Used in social studies so that students can

understand spatial relations
5. Newspapers - Used to learn about different places,

cultures, grammar & current events.
6. Graphs - Can be used in any subject. To compare

population growth in social studies, numbers &
ratios
7. Surveys - Can be used by the teacher to gain

feedback.
8. Audio Visual Aids - Things to remember while using

AV aids:
- Select the one suited for the topic
- Use AV to support or reinforce the
activity
- Make sure the AV aid can be seen
& heard clearly
- Practice using the aids before
hand
9. Hardware - Radio, TV & Tape recorder
10. Software - Board, Cartoons & Models
E. Evaluative Systems
They are a device through which we can gauge what

exactly a student achieve from the teaching-learning
experience
1. Examinations
- Help in testing achievements of students

- Evaluating students interests, aptitude &
intelligence
- Helps to classify students and provide them
guidance
2. Psychological Evaluation
-Helps to know about the physical, mental,

emotional and social behavior of the individual
- Aids in guidance of the pupil
- Three methods of personality assessment:
Psychometric, Projective & Behavioral
Projective Tests
- Helps to uncover unconscious motives

- An ambiguous stimulus is presented to the client
who interprets it as they like thus
projecting their personality through their responses.
- Two widely used Projective tests are : Rorschach
Test & Thematic Apperception Test
a. Rorschach Test
- Developed by Swiss psychiatrist Hermann

Rorschach in the 1920's
- Series of 10 cards each displaying different
inkblots either colored or black & white
- The subject is asked to look at each card one at a
time & report everything seen on the card
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After all 10study
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done, theand upd…
examiners goes
every response to ask them what features of
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the blot game them that particular impression
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b. Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
- Developed at Harvard University by Henry Murray

in 1930's
- Less ambiguous than Rorschach as it consists of
actual scenes on 20 cards
- The subject is asked to base a story depending on
the picture
- The test is intended to reveal the 'themes' that
occur in the persons imaginations
- Apperceptions is perceptions of things in a certain
way due to past experience
- If a problem is bothering a particular subject, they
may show up in a number of stories.
3. Philosophical Evaluation
- Evaluation based on mastery of subject matter

- Test the memory, mastery and ability to apply the
skills learnt
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Here are 60 MCQs for Teaching Aptitude time
duration to answer: 20 minutes
1. Most important work of teacher is—

(A) to organize teaching work
(B) to deliver lecture in class
(C) to take care of children
(D) to evaluate the students
2. A teacher should be—

(A) Honest
(B) Dilligent
(C) Dutiful
(D) Punctual
3. Environmental education should be taught

in schools because—
(A) it will affect environmental pollution
(B) it is important part of life
(C) it will provide job to teachers
(D) we cannot escape from environment
4. Navodaya Schools have been established to

—
(A) increase number of school in rural areas
(B) provide good education in rural areas
(C) complete 'Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan'
(D) check wastage of education in rural areas
5. At primary level, it is better to teach in

mother language because—
(A) it develops self-confidence in children
(B) it makes learning easy
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development
(D) it helps children in learning in natural
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atmosphere
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6. Women are better teacher at primary level
because—
(A) they behave more patiently with children
(B) they are ready to work with low salary
(C) higher qualification is not needed in this
profession
(D) they have less chances in other profession
7. You have been selected in all the four

professions given below. Where would you
like to go ?
(A) Teacher
(B) Police
(C) Army
(D) Bank
8. What is most important while writing on

blackboard ?
(A) Good writing
(B) Clarity in writing
(C) Writing in big letters
(D) Writing in small letters
UPTET 2011, Bed exam
9. Some students send a greeting card to you

on teacher's day. What will you do ? You will—
(A) do nothing
(B) say thanks to them
(C) ask them to not to waste money
(D) reciprocate the good wishes to them
10. A student comes late in your class. Then

you will—
(A) inform to parents
(B) punish him
(C) try to know the reason
(D) not pay attention there
11. When the students become failed, it can be

understood that—
(A) The system has failed
(B) The teachers failure
(C) The text-books failure
(D) The individual student's failure
12. It is advantage of giving home work that

students—
(A) remain busy at home
(B) study at home
(C) may be checked for their progress
(D) may develop habit of self study
13. Match List-I (Interviews) with List-II

(Meaning) and select the correct answer
from the code given below:
List - I (Interviews) List - II
(Meaning)
(a) structured
interviews (i) greater
flexibility approach
(b) Unstructured interviews (ii)
attention on the questions to be answered
(c) Focused interviews (iii)
individual life experience
(d) Clinical interviews (iv)
Pre determined question
(v) non-directive
Code:
(a) (b) (c) (d)
(A) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
Nav Classes-(B)
Exam(ii)
(C)
(iv)
(v)study
(i)
(ii) notes
(iii)
(iv) and
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(D) (i) (iii) (v) (iv)
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June 2006 NET
14. Which of the following statements is

correct?
(A) Syllabus is a part of curriculum.
(B) Syllabus is an annexure to curriculum.
(C) Curriculum is the same in all educational
institutions affiliated to a particular university.
(D) Syllabus is not the same in all educational
institutions affiliated to a particular university.
June 2006 NET
15. A teacher has serious defect is he/she—
(A) is physically handicapped
(B) belongs to low socio-economic status
(C) has weak personality
(D) has immature mental development
16. The success of teacher is—

(A) high achievement of students
(B) good traits of his/her personality
(C) his/her good teaching
(D) his/her good character
17. “Education is the manifestation of

perfection already in man” was stated by
(A) M. K. Gandhi
(B) R. N. Tagore
(C) Swami Vivekanand
(D) Sri Aurobindo Dec 2014 NET
18. The most important trait of a student is—

(A) sense of responsibility
(B) to speak truth
(C) co-operation
(D) obedience
19. The purpose of basic education scheme is

—
(A) universalization of primary education
(B) to vocationalise the eduction
(C) to fulfil basic need of persons through
education
(D) to make education compulsory for all
20. You are teaching a topic in class and a

student ask a question unrelated to the topic.
What will you do ?
(A) you will allow him to ask unrelated
question
(B) you will not allow him to ask unrealated
question
(C) you will consider it indiscipline and punish
him
(D) you will answer the question after the class
21. If you are unable to get a job of teacher,

then you will—
(A) start giving tuition at home
(B) remain at home till you get a job
(C) take some another job
(D) continue applying for teaching
22. Which of the following is not a prescribed

level of teaching?
(A) Memory
(B) Understanding
(C) Reflective
(D) Differentiation
23. If a student does not pay any respect to
you, then you will—
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(B) award less marks in examination
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(C) talk to his/her parents
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24. National Literacy Mission was established

in—
(A) 1996
(B) 1988
(C) 1999
(D) 2000
25. The aim of National Council for teacher

education is—
(A) to open college of education
(B) to promote research in education
(C) to maintain standards in colleges of
education
(D) to provide grant to colleges of education
26. Kindergarten system of education was

contributed by—
(A) T. P. Nunn
(B) Spencer
(C) Froebel
(D) Montessori
27. 'National Council of Educational Research

and Training' was established in—
(A) 1961
(B) 1962
(C) 1963
(D) 1964
28. Essay type test are not reliable because—

(A) their answers are different
(B) their results are different
(C) their checking is affected by examiner's
mood
(D) their responding styles are different
29. A guardian never comes to see you in

school.
You will—
(A) ignore the child
(B) write to the guardian
(C) go to meet him yourself
(D) start punishing the child
30. To maintain interest among students in

class, a teacher should—
(A) use blackboard
(B) discuss
(C) tell stories
(D) ask question
31. The purpose of new education policy is—

(A) to provide equal opportunity of education
to all
(B) to improve the whole education system
(C) to link the education with employment
(D) to delink the degree with education
32. To raise the standard of education, it is

necessary—
(A) to evaluate students continuously
(B) to give high salary to teachers
(C) to revise curriculum
(D) to make good school building
33. What is most important for a teacher ?

(A) to maintain discipline in class
(B) to be punctual in class
(C) to remove difficulties of students
(D) to be good orator
34. Why students should play games in school

?
(A) It makes them physically strong
(B) It makes work easier for teachers
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(D) It develops co-operation and physical
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balance
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35. Family is a means of—
(A) Informal education
(B) Formal education
(C) Non-formal education
(D) Distance education
36. There is tension among villagers and you

are teacher there. What will you do ?
(A) You will inform "Gram Pradhan"
(B) You will try to pacify them
(C) You will report to police
(D) You will keep distance from them
37. A teacher can develop social values

among students by—
(A) telling them about great people
(B) developing sense of discipline
(C) behaving ideally
(D) telling them good stories
38. What will you do in leisure time in school ?

You will—
(A) take rest in teacher's room
(B) read magazines in library
(C) talk to clerks in office
(D) check home work of students
39. A teacher asks the questions in the class

to—
(A) keep students busy
(B) maintain discipline
(C) attract student's attention
(D) teach
40. You like teaching profession because—

(A) it has less responsibility
(B) you are interested in it
(C) it is easy
(D) it provide you more holidays
41. How the students should be motivated to

get success in life ?
(A) Selected study
(B) Incidental study
(C) Intensive study
(D) Learning by recitation
42. In context of the habit of Absenteeism of

student—
(A) The principal and parents should get
worried
(B) The officials of the schools should take
action against them as per school's discipline
(C) The teachers should take it as a serious
problem
(D) They should be given less priority in the
class room in relation to regular students
43. To whom the responsibility of organisation

of curricular activities should be stored with ?
(A) The principal
(B) The teacher who is appointed for this work
(C) The teachers who take interest in it
(D) All the teachers
44. When the students try to solve the

questions in some different way as taught by
the teacher from prescribed books, then these
students should be—
(A) Discouraged to consult some other books
on the subject
(B) Encouraged to consult some other books
on the subject
(C) Suggested to talk with their teacher after
the period
(D) Suggested to follow the class room notes
in order to get good mark in the examination
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The experienced teachers do not require
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the detailed lesson plan of a topic because—
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its help
(B) The number of curious students is very
poor in the class
(C) When they commit some mistake, they do
not face any challange from their students
(D) They can equip themselves with brief
outline as they gain specialisation in it
through experience
46. The problem of drop-out in which students

leave their schooling in early years can be
tackled in a better way through—
(A) Reduction of the weight of curriculum
(B) Sympathy of teachers
(C) Attractive environment of the school
(D) Encouragement of the students
47. The ideal teacher—

(A) Teaches the whole curriculum
(B) Helps his students in learning
(C) Is a friend, philosopher and guide
(D) Maintains good discipline
48. The aim of education should be—

(A) To develop vocational skills in the students
(B) To develop social awareness in the
students
(C) To prepare the students for examination
(D) To prepare the students for practical life
49. The best method of checking student's

homework is—
(A) To assign it to intelligent students of the
class
(B) To check the answers in the class in group
manner
(C) To check them with the help of specimen
answer
(D) To check by the teacher himself in a
regular way
50. A time bound testing programme for a

students should be implemented in Shools so
that—
(A) The progress of the students should be
informed to their parents
(B) A regular practice can be carried out
(C) The students can be trained for final
examinations
(D) The remedial programme can be adopted
on the basis of the feedback from the results
51. The essential element of the syllabus for

the children remained out of school should be
—
(A) Literacy competencies
(B) Life-skills
(C) Numerical competencies
(D) Vocational competencies
52. The contribution of taxpayers in Primary

education is in the form of—
(A) Income Tax
(B) Tuition Fee
(C) Paying money for individual tution
(D) Educational cess
53. The priority to girls education should be

given because—
(A) The girls are more intelligent in
comparison than the boys
(B) The girls are lesser in number than boys
(C) The girls were badly discriminated in
favour of boys in the past
(D) Only girls are capable of leading for social
change
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(A) occasional roars of laughter
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(B) complete silence
(C) frequent teacher-student dialogue
(D) loud discussion among students 2010 Dec
NET
55. The quality of schools education is

exclusively depending upon—
(A) Infrastructural facilities
(B) Financial provisions
(C) International support
(D) The quality of teacher education
56. The idea of Basic Education is propounded

by—
(A) Dr. Zakir Hussain
(B) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(C) Mahatma Gandhi
(D) Rabindranath Tagore
57. The most important indicator of quality of

education in a school is—
(A) Infrastructural facilities of a school
(B) Classroom system
(C) Text-books and Teaching-learning material
(D) Student Achievement level
58. The best remedy of the student's problems

related with learning is—
(A) Suggestion for hard work
(B) Supervised study in Library
(C) Suggestion for private tuition
(D) Diagnostic teaching
59. The in-service teacher' training can be

made more effective by—
(A) Using training package which in
wellprepared in advance
(B) Making it a residential programme
(C) Using co-operative approach
(D) Practicing training followup procedures
60. Child Labour Prohibition Act (1986)—

(A) Prohibits all types of child labour upto 14
years of age of child
(B) Prohibits child labour in risk-taking works
only
(C) Prohibits child labour during school hours
only
(D) Prohibits child labour by imposing the
responsibility of children's education on the
employers
Answers:
1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (B) 5. (D) 6. (A) 7. (A) 8. (A)
9. (B) 10. (C)
11. (D) 12. (D) 13. (A) 14. (A) 15. (D) 16. (C) 17.
(C) 18. (D) 19. (C) 20. (D)
21. (D) 22. (D) 23. (A) 24. (B) 25. (C) 26. (C) 27.
(A) 28. (C) 29. (C) 30. (D)
31. (B) 32. (A) 33. (C) 34. (D) 35. (A) 36. (B) 37.
(C) 38. (D) 39. (C) 40. (B)
41. (C) 42. (C) 43. (A) 44. (B) 45. (D) 46. (D) 47.
(C) 48. (D) 49. (D) 50. (D)
51. (D) 52. (D) 53. (D) 54. (C) 55. (D) 56. (C) 57.
(D) 58. (D) 59. (D) 60. (A)
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By Nav Classes on Teaching &
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Research Aptitude 37 questions You have
YouTube 20 minutes to answer
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1 Which one of the following is the most

important elements in teaching?
a) Relationship between teachers and
students
b) Subject matter
c) Teaching techniques and aids used
d) Student's knowledge
िन िल खत म से कौन सा िश ण म सबसे
मह पूण त है ?
क) िश कों और छा ों के बीच संबंध
बी) िवषय व ु
ग) िश ण तकनीकों और एड् स का इ ेमाल
िकया
घ) छा का ान
Answer A Relationship between teachers
and students
Improving students' relationships with
teachers has important, positive and
long-lasting implications for students'
academic and social development.
2 Arrange the following teaching process
in order
(i) relating the present knowledge with
the previous knowledge
(ii) evaluation
(iii) reteaching
(iv) formulating objectives
(v) presentation of materials
िन िश ण ि या को व थत
कर
(i) िपछले ान से वतमान ान से
संबंिधत
(ii) मू ांकन
(iii) रीएिचंग
A.
(i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
B.
(ii),(i) (iii), (iv),( v)
C.
( v), (iv),(iii),(i) , (ii)
D.
(iv),(i) ,( v), (ii),(iii)
3 Which of the following is the most
important single factor in underlying the
success of beginning a teacher ?
A
. scholarship
B
. communicative ability
C
. personality and its ability to relate to
the class and to the pupils
D
. organisational ability
िन िल खत म से कौन सा िश क
एक िश क की शु आत म सबसे
ै
मह पूण कारक है ?
Nav classes ए। छा वृि

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बी संचार मता
सी। और क ा और
िव ािथयों से संबंिधत होने की
इसकी मता
डी संगठना क मता
4 The field of education is permeated by

conflicts and misconception because
A
. problems in education call for
subjectivity of interpretation
B
. problems encountered in teaching
are not amenable to rigorous
scientific investigation
C
. there are not good teaching methods
and procedures
D
. teachers are not worthy of doing
rigorous scientific investigation
िश ा के े म िववाद और गलत
धारणा से ा है ोंिक
ए। ा ाम परकता के
िलए िश ा कॉल म सम ाएं
बी िश ण म आने वाली
सम ाओं को कठोर वै ािनक
जांच के मुतािबक नही ं िकया जा
सकता है
सी वहाँ अ े िश ण िविधयों
और ि याएं नही ं ह
डी िश क कठोर वै ािनक जांच

करने के यो नही ं ह
5 The most appropriate meaning of

learning is
A.
inculcation of knowledge
B.
modification of behaviour
C.
personal adjustment
D.
acquisition of skills
सीखने का सबसे उिचत अथ है
े
ए ान का उपदे श
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वहार के संशोधन
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सी
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गत समायोजन
डी कौशल का अिध हण
6 While dealing with juvenile delinquents

a teacher should
A
. play them with filthy sex jokes
B
. talk with them frankly and guide and
channelize their potentialities in con-
structive ways
C
. complain to the principal against
them
D
. none of the above
6 िकशोर delinquents के साथ

वहार करते समय एक िश क
चािहए
ए उ गंदे से मजाक के साथ

खेलते ह
बी उनके साथ प से बात

कर और उनकी मताओं को सह-
संरचना क तरीकों म मागदशन
कर
सी उनके खलाफ ाचाय से

िशकायत करते ह
डी इनमे से कोई भी नही ं
7
The professional requirements of a
teacher as explained in the UNESCO
publication is/are
A
. mastery over the subject and
competency for teaching
B
. Innovativeness in approach and
teaching strategies
C
. justice to the profession
D
. All of the above
8 If a student becomes unconscious in

the class what will you do first ?
A
. Rushing to the principal's office and
convassing for help impatiently
B
. Telephoning student's parents and
waiting for them
C
. Giving first aid to him and trying to
contact any nearby doctor
y y
D
. making arrangement to send him to
his home
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यिद कोई छा क ा म बेहोश हो

जाता है तो आप पहले ा करगे?
ए।
ि ंिसपल के कायालय से िमलने
और मदद के िलए कमान संभालने
के िलए
बी
छा के माता-िपता को टे लीफ़ोन
करना और उनके िलए इं तजार
करना
सी।
उसे ाथिमक उपचार दे ना और
िकसी भी पास के िचिक क से
संपक करने का यास करना
9 A teacher exploits students in your

school. In this situation, what you will do?
Options:
A) Report the matter to the principal.
B) Not interfere in this matter.
C) Guide the teacher please stop this
activity.
D) Go on Satyagraha against the teacher.
10 which of the following statements
regarding motivation is correct?
A
. Freewill, intellect and reason are the
motivating factors according to Plato
B
. Inborn, unlearned tendencies, called
instincts are the motivating forces
according to James Burt
C
. Curiosity and level of aspiration are
the motivating factors according to
Berlyne
D
. All of the above
11 A new comer teacher who is

maltreated in his class will deal with the
students by
A
. applying punitive measures
B
. improving his qualities and
expressing it before them in a good
way
C
. changing his class after consultation
with the principal
D
. giving them a threat of expulsion
12 Suppose you are teaching in a minority

college where castism and narrow
mindedness victimize you, for better
adjustment there you should
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. uplift the humanistic values beyond
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scientific temper in your students
B
. be submissive there and save your
job at all costs
C
. rebel against such attitudes as it is
against the norms of the Indian
society
D
. none of the above
मान लीिजए िक आप एक
अ सं क कॉलेज म अ ापन
कर रहे ह जहां जाितवाद और
संकीण मनोदशा आपको पीिड़त
करती है , बेहतर समायोजन के
िलए आपको चािहए
ए।
इन संकीण दीवार से परे मानवीय
मू ों को आगे बढ़ाएं और अपने
छा ों म वै ािनक भाव का
िवकास कर
बी
वहाँ िवन हो और अपनी नौकरी
हर कीमत पर बचाएं
सी।
ऐसे वहार के खलाफ िव ोह
ोंिक यह भारतीय समाज के
13 A successful teacher is one who is
A.
Compassionate and disciplinarian
B.
Quite and reactive
C.
Tolerant and dominating
D.
Passive and active
14 The most important quality of a good
teacher is
A.
Sound knowledge of subject matter
B.
Good communication skills
C.
Concern for student's welfare
D.
Effective leadership qualities
15 When some students are deliberately
attempting to disturb the discipline of the
class by making mischief, what will be
your role as a teacher?
A
. Expelling those students
B
. Isolate those notes and upd…
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. Reform the group with your authority
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D
. Giving them an opportunity for
introspection and improve their
behaviour
16 A teacher is said to be fluent in asking
questions, if he can ask
A
. Meaningful questions
B
. As many questions as possible
C
. Maximum number of questions in a
fixed time
D
. Many meaningful questions in a
fixed time
17 Below are given two seat – research
methods (Set-I) and data collection tools
(Set-II). Match the two sets and indicate
your answer by selecting the correct
code:
Set-I Set-II
A Experimental method i Using primary and secondary so
B Ex post-facto method ii Questionnaire
C Descriptive survey method iii Standardized tests
D Historical method iv Typical characteristics tests
Answer codes
Codes A B C D
1 ii i iii iv
2 iii iv ii i
3 ii iii i iv
4 ii iv iii i
In descriptive survey method- we’ve to

use questionnaires (Because it’s ‘survey).
So c-ii. Automatically the answer is -2. but
let’s consider other sets as well:
Historical method- we have to use
primary and secondary sources.
In experimental method- we can
collect data in a way that permit
standardized tests.
Unable to find any specific thing on ex
post-facto method’s research tools.
But all in all, 2 seems to be the
appropriate choice.
18 Attributes of objects, events or things
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A.
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qualitative measure
B.
data
C.
variables
D.
none of the above
19 A statistical measure based upon the
entire population is called parameter
while measure based upon a sample is
known as
A.
sample parameter
B.
inference
C.
statistic
D.
none of these
When we study about an event by taking a sample from
the population it is called statistic and a group of
statistical measures is called statistics.
20 Which of the following is a non-

probability sample ?
A.
Quota sample
B.
Simple random sample
C.
Purposive sample
D.
(a) and (c) both
21 Independent variables are not
manipulated in
A.
normative researches
B.
ex-post facto researches
C.
both of the above
D.
none of the above
In normative researches only data are collected from
the survey and after 'analysing them results are
declared. Thus there is no need of manipulating
independent variables. In ex-post facto-research
effects are already known and researcher studies
the causes lying behind these r effects. Here too
independent variable are not manipulated.
22 Survey study aims at:

(i) knowing facts about the two existing
situation
(ii) comparing the present status with the
standard norms
(iii) criticising the existing situation
(iv) identifying the means of improving
the existing situation
सव अ यन का ल है :
(i) दो मौजूदा थित के बारे म त ों को जानना
ं ों े
http://navclasses.blogspot.in/2017/06/what-is-teaching-and-its-aspects-with.html ि ी 48/69
(ii) मानक मानदडो के साथ वतमान थित की
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मौजूदा थित की आलोचना
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करना
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A.
(i) and (ii) only
B.
(i), (ii), and (iii)
C.
(i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
D.
(ii) and (iii) only
23 The validity and reliability of a
research will be at stake when
A
. The author who is the source of
information is biased, incompetent or
dishonest
B
. The incident was reported after a
long period of time from that of its
occurrence
C
. The researcher himself is not
competent enough to draw logical
conclusions
D
. All of the above
24 The review of the related study is

important while undertaking a research
because
A
. it avoids repitition or duplication
B
. it helps in understanding the gaps
C
. it helps the researcher not to draw
illogical conclusions
D
. all of above
25 Bibliography given in a research report
A
. helps those interested in further
research and studying the problem
from another angle
B
. makes the report authentic
C
. Both (a) & (b)
D
. none of the above
26 Collective psychology of the whole
period is a theory which
A
. can explain all phase of historical
development
B
. means the psychology of the whole
society
C
. means psychological approach of
data collection
D
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the law of
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A.
single variable
B.
replication
C.
occupation
D.
interest of the subject
28 Area (cluster) sampling technique is
used when
A
. population is scattered and large size
of the sample is to be drawn
B
. population is heterogeneous
C
. long survey is needed
D
. (a) and (c)
29 Of the following learning theories, the

one that embodies the idea that the
learning takes place through insight is
known as
िन अ ापन िस ांतों म से एक, जो इस िवचार
का तीक है िक अंत ि के मा म से सीखता है ,
उसे ात है
A) Gestalt
B) Stimulus-Response
C) Connectionist
D) Pragmatic
When long survey is being done and
population is being scattered over a large
area then researcher selects various
groups from the whole area. The selection
of these groups is based on the
discretion of the researcher.
29 Definition and Meaning
Gestalt psychology introduced by Max
Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka and Wolfgang
Kohler in 1922. It is revolt against
Stimulus Response approach to learning.
It pointed out two weakness in the theory
of conditioning.
1. Conditioning reduces complex
human behavior to an
accumulation of simple conditioned
response.
2. Stimulus response theorists
attribute learning to reduction of
basic organic drives.
The Gestalt School made a strong attack

on Thorndike’s theory of trial and error
and asserted learning was not stamping-
in of correct responses through trials and
errors.
The behaviorist approach to learning was
also not acceptable to Gestaltists as they
wanted to study behavior as a whole and
learning in its totality.
It is primarily concerned with the nature
of perception. According to it an
individual perceives wholes and not
parts. Learning is viewed as a purposive,
exploratory, imaginative and creative
enterprise in which the total situation is
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Exam intostudy
accountnotes
by the and upd…
learners. Kohler
and Koffka conducted many experiments
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“Mentality of Apes” in 1925 (which is the
999+
result of these experiments conducted
during 1913-17. These experiments show
that learning was not the result of trial
and error but of insight and the ability to
see relationship between various factors
involved in a situation.
The fullest and most systematic treatment
of learning from the Gestalt view point is
found in Koffka’s “Principles of Gestalt
Psychology” 1935. He suggested that the
laws of perception were equally
applicable to learning. A learning
situation is a problem situation and the
learner has to see the problem as a whole
and find its solution by insight. The law of
organization of perception as applicable
to learning is the law of Pragnaz and four
laws of organization subordinate to it the
laws of similarity, proximity, closure and
good continuation.
What is Insight Learning?
1. It occurs with any reparations of

trial
2. It aware the association of causes
and effects
3. It occurs when information
gathered
Important Principles of Gestalt Theory
1. Students should be encouraged to

find out the relation of factors lead
to a problem.
2. There are three stimuli in the
learning process disturbances,
gaps and incongruities
3. Teaching strategies should rely on
law of organization
Problems of Learning
The Gestalt field theory has a number of

problems of learning. Which are:
1. Capacity. Learning depends upon

natural capacity of the learner.
2. Practice. Repetitions bring to light
new relationships and consolidate
trace system
3. Motivation. Law of effect is
recognized in motivation
4. Understanding. The relationship
between parts and wholes and
means and ends are emphasized
5. Transfer. Generalized principles,
common patterns or relationships
are transferred.
6. Forgetting. Forgetting takes place
because of changes in the traces.
Traces may completely disappear
or they may not be available at the
particular time.
30 Chi-square test is an example of

(A) Parametric test
(B) Non-Parametric test
(C) Descriptive test
(D) Survey test
31. Phenomenological Research is a
Nav Classes-(A)
Qualitative Research
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(C) Trend Research
999+
(D) Descriptive Research
The focus of phenomenologic inquiry is

what people experience in regard to some
phenomenon or other and how they
interpret those experiences.
Aphenomenological research study is
a study that attempts to understand
people's perceptions, perspectives and
understandings of a particular situation
(or phenomenon).
32 Research ethics do not include
A Honesty
B Subjectivity
C Objectivity
D Integrity
33. Which research paradigm is based on
the pragmatic view of reality?
वा िवकता के ावहा रक
ि कोण पर कौन सा शोध
a. quantitative research
b. qualitative research
c. mixed research
d. none of the above
A pragmatic theory of truth is a theory
of truth within the philosophies
of pragmatism and pragmaticism.
Pragmatic theories of truth were first
posited by Charles Sanders
Peirce, William James, and John Dewey.
The common features of these theories
are a reliance on the pragmatic maxim as
a means of clarifying the meanings of
difficult concepts such as truth; and an
emphasis on the fact
that belief, certainty, knowledge,
or truth is the result of an inquiry.
34 The correlation between intelligence
test scores and grades is:
a. Positive
b. Negative
c. Perfect
d. They are not correlated
35 A researcher studies achievement by
children in poorly funded elementary
schools. She develops a model that
posits parent involvement as an
important variable. She believes that
parent involvement has an impact on
children by increasing their motivation to
do school work. Thus, in her model,
greater parent involvement leads to
higher student motivation, which in turn
creates higher student achievement.
Student motivation is what kind of
variable in this study?
a. Manipulated variable
b. Extraneous variable
c. Confounding variable
d. Mediating or intervening variable
एक शोधकता खराब िव पोिषत

ाथिमक िव ालयों म ब ों ारा
उपल का अ यन करता है ।
वह एक मॉडल िवकिसत करती है
जो माता-िपता की भागीदारी को
एक मह पूण चर के प म पेश
ी ै ैि
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Exam
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YouTube 999+उनकी ेरणा बढ़ाकर ब ों पर
असर पड़ता है । इस कार, उनके
मॉडल म, अिधक से अिधक माता-
िपता की भागीदारी म उ छा
ेरणा होती है , जो बदले म उ
छा उपल पैदा करती है । छा
ेरणा इस अ यन म िकस तरह
का चर है ?
36 Which scientific method focuses on

testing hypotheses developed from
theories?
a. Deductive method
b. Inductive method
c. Hypothesis method
d. Pattern method
37 Generalized conclusion on the basis of
a sample is technically known as
A
. statistical , inference of external
validity of the research
B
. data analysis and interpretation
C
. parameter inference
D
. all of the above
1 a 2 D, 3 C, 4 B, 5 B, 6 B, 7 D, 8 C, 9 C, 10
D, 11 B, 12 A, 13 A, 14 B, 15 D, 16 D, 17 2,
18 C, 19 C, 20 D, 21 C, 22 B, 23 D, 24 D, 25
D, 26 A, 27 A, 28 D, 29 A, 30 B, 31 A, 32 B,
33 C, 34 A, 35 D, 36 A, 37 A
LABELS: CBSE UGC NET, IMPORTANT POINTS TO REMEMBER, MCQ, MCQS ON

TEACHING APTITUDE, TEACHING APTITUDE
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Unknown · 29 June 2017 at 09:24
Thank you explaining in simple language keep providing more notes
Nia Imagination · 8 July 2017 at 19:56
your welcome & stay tuned :)
REPLY
preeti singh · 29 June 2017 at 09:24
Thank you explaining in simple language keep providing more notes

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