Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

ISSN No:-2456 –2165

Determination of Effect of Well Parameters Using

Pressure Derivative for Horizontal Wells in Layered
Reservoir
Oloro John
Senior Lecturer
Delta State University
Abraka, Delta State
Nigeria

Abstract:- Effect of well parameters using pressure
derivative distribution of horizontal wells in a layered
reservoir which is subjected simultaneously by two drives
mechanism was carried out using source function.Results
of the study shows that pay thickness hD, well length and
wellbore radius of a particular layer affect the pressure
derivative distribution .
Keywords: Pressure, Derivative, Well, Reservoir, Horizontal
wells in a layered reservoir which is subjected simultaneously
by two drives mechanism are set out below.
• Selection of appropriate source functions[3]. Derivation
of dimensionless pressure and derivative expressions.
• Determination of time normalization factor (  )[4].
• Determination of fluid mobility ratio[2]

I. INTRODUCTION • Determination of flow periods.

The well test derivative function is a tool for interpreting well • Determination of individual layers pressure derivative
test behaviour.(Hosseinpour-zonoozi etal,2006) expressions.

The pressure derivative application in oil well test analysis
involves the combined use of type curves in both the
conventional dimensionless pressure form (PD) and the
dimensionless pressure derivative grouping. This method
minimizes the problem in type curve matching and gives
reliable results. In this paper effect of well parameter on
pressure derivative will be study such as pay thickness hD, well
length and wellbore radius.
Model for the reservoir system describing pressure and
pressure derivative distribution was developed considering
horizontal wellbore and reservoir layer properties using source
and Green’s functions[1] .The model diagram is shown in
Fig.1.0.Reservoir and well properties used in this paper are
obtained from [2].
• Production of derivative type curves
• Determination of effects of well parameters on wellbore
pressure derivative distribution.
A. Model for Layer 1
Equations 1.0 and 2.0 represent dimensionless pressure and
dimensionless pressure derivatives for Layer 1 and Layer 2
respectively. In the derivative plot as shown in figs. 1.0 and
2.0, the derivatives collapse to zero rapidly. If there is
depression it indicates that a constant pressure boundary has
been encountered. The derivative plots help in identifying
each flow period.

II. THODOLOGY

The method and procedure of determining effect of well

parameters using pressure derivative distribution of horizontal

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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165


P D1   0t D    2 h D1 A1 t Dz      2 h D1 A1 t D     (1)
4L 1 t De 2 3 4 t Dz 5 6 7
D1


P D1d

4 LD1
 1d
 2 hD1 A1
2d
  3d 4d
 2 hD1 A1
5d
  6d 7d
(2)

For equation 1.0


y D  y wD Z D  Z wD
2

2

4
  e (3)
1,i 

 y D  y wD  
2

 2,i e 4
 

(4)
 

  k   k 
   xD    xD  
  k   kx 
   erf  
 3,i  erf 2 
x

2 
 (5)
 
 
 

 
exp  n 2
  2 2 
 4,i  1  2
  cos n Z D
cos n Z wD
 (6)
  h h 
 n 1
 hD  D D 

 4    2 2  m xeD cos m x D 
x  m   m
 5,i  1   
 
eD 1
exp (7)
  sin cos cos
xeD 
2
n 1 m
  xeD  2 xeD xeD


  2 2 m y m y 

1   m   wD D 
 6, i  1  2  exp  cos cos  (8)
 n1  y
2 
y eD y eD yD 
  eD 

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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

  2 

  ( 2n  1)   2 
  2n  1 z wD 
 1  exp 2
cos
hD 
 7, i    4 h D  (9)
 h D n  1 2n  1 z 
 cos D 
 hD 

i=1,2----no of layers

Where

 y D  y wD  
2

 2d
 e


4t
D


(10)
 

  k   k 
   xD    xD  
  k   kx 
   erf  
  erf
x
 (11)
 
3d
2 t D
2 tD
 
 

 
 1  2 exp  n 2 t D  cos n
  2 2 
 Z D
cos n Z
wD
 (12)
4d
   h h 
 n 1
 hD  D D 

 4   2 2  m xeD 
1  xeD  1 exp   m  t D  sin m cos 
  n 1 m  2 
xeD 
 5d

 cos m
 xeD  2 xeD 

(13)

cos xD 
 xeD 

  2 2 m y m y 

1     m  tD wD D 
 6d  1  2  exp  cos cos  (14)
 n1 
2 
y eD y eD yD 
  y eD 

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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

  2 
 2    ( 2 n  1)   2 t D
  2n  1 z wD 2n  1 z D 
 7d    exp cos cos  (15)
hD n  1 2 hD hD
 4 h D 

Model for Layer 2


P D2

4L 
t
   2 h A    
0
D

t
t
1 D2 2
De
Dz

2 3 4
  2 hD1 A2  D    
t
t Dz 5 6 7
(16)
D2


P D 2d

4L 
t
 0
D

2d
  2 hD 2 A2  Dz     2 hD 2 A2  D   
t
t De 2 d 3 d 4 d
t
t Dz 5d 6 d 7 d
(17)
D2

B. Constants (A1 and A2) at the Interface

Factors, A1 and A2 are introduced such that if obtained would amend for the assumption of a constant-pressure boundary and duplicate
the influence of the interface more properly [3]

To obtain the expressions for the above constants (A1 and A2), boundary conditions come to play at the interface. That is, Equation
18.0 and 19.0.

PD1=PD2 (18)

p  p
D1
M D2
(19)
z D
z D

From Equations 18.0 and 19.0 we have,

MP V  Vd P
A
1
2i

M p dP P
2i
(20)
i i 2i

A2 
V AdP 1 i
(21)
Md P 2i

Where

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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

   
  K
 X D2  
 
 y  y
t DZ   D 2 wD 2
  erf
2  kX


 
 (22)
P 2i  2h D 2   e
4  2
*
t De
*   
    K
 X D2  
   
 kX 
erf 
 2  
  2 2   
1  2  exp n 2  cos n
 Z D2
cos n
Z wD 2

 n 1   
  hD 2  hD 2 hD 2 


Y D  Y WD 2   Z D 2  Z WD 2 
2 2
tD
 4 
V   d 
4 LD2 0  4 L D1

Y D  Y WD12  Z D1  ZWD12
tD 
4
 d (23)
0 

  K  
   X D1 
  
2  erf  k X 
 y
t DZ   D1  y 
wD1   2 
 
  *
Pi 2h D1  e 4  
*

t De      (24)
   K X 
  k D 1
 erf  X 
 2  
  2 2  
1  2  n   Z D 1 Z wD 1  d

 exp   cos n cos n

n1  2  h h
  h D1  D 1 D 1 

    
  D1   D1  
K K



e 
Y D1  Y WD 12 
 X
 
 X

* erf
Kx Kx
Pi  
4
 erf
h D1    2  2  
   
 
   n2  2    n Z D1   n Z WD 1  (25)
* 1  2  exp
 h 2D1 
 sin  h Cos   d
 n  1    D1   h D1 

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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

III. RESULTS AND DISCUSION

Fig.3.0: Effect of wellbore radius on Pressure derivative

distribution

Fig.3.0 illustrate effect of wellbore radius on pressure

derivative distribution, and it is observed that the larger the
wellbore radius the higher the productivity.
Fig. 1.0: Dimensionless Pressure and Dimensionless Pressure
Derivative for Layer1

Fig.4.0: Effect of Well length on pressure derivative

distribution

.Fig.4.0 illustrates the effect of well length on pressure

derivative. It is observed that the shorter the well length the
higher the productivity.

Fig. 2.0: Dimensionless Pressure and Dimensionless Pressure

Derivative for Layer 2

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Volume 3, Issue 2, February – 2018 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456 –2165

REFERENCES

[1] A.C Gringarten and H.J Ramey, The Use of Source and
Green’s Functions in Solving Unsteady-Flow Problems in
Reservoirs, 1973.

[2] J.Oloro, E.S Adewole and O.A Olafuyi, Pressure

Distribution Of Horizontal Wells In A Layered Reservoir with
Simultaneous Gas Cap and Bottom Water Drive” American
Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) e-ISSN : 2320-0847
p-ISSN : 2320-0936 Volume-03, Issue-12, pp-41-53,2014

[3] E.S..Adewole. and O.A Olafuyi.,The use of source and

Fig.5.0: Effect of Pay thickness on pressure derivative
distribution
To determine the effect of change in hD1 on PwD1’ . PwD1’ was
computed with values of hD1 of 4.785, 8.785 and 15.785.While
hD2 remain constant at 6.5298. The results are shown in
Fig.5.0 . It is observed that the thicker the pay thickness the
higher the productivity.
Green’s functions to derive dimensionless pressure and
dimensionless pressure derivative distribution of A two-
layered reservoir, PART:A-SHAPED ARCHITECTURE
’’Journal of Mathematics and Technology,April,2010.
[4]. M.D Clonts., and H.J Ramey,Pressure Transient Analysis
for wells with Horizontal drainholes’’,56th California Regional
Meeting of the Society of Petroleum Engineers held in
Oakland.C.A.April 2-4, 1986.

IV. CONCLUSIONS

From the statement of problems, objectives, and the results of

study presented in the previous chapters, the following
conclusions can be drawn:

1The results of dimensionless pressure showed constant values

at late flow time while the dimensionless derivatives collapse
to zero rapidly.

2. It is possible to analyze each layer.3. When there is

crossflow, pressure transient in the reservoir considered

is similar to the behavior of the homogeneous system.

3.The thicker the pay thickness of a particular layer the higher

the wellbore pressure and wellbore pressure derivative of that
particular layer.

4 The following also affects the pressure responses:

(i)Interlayer fluid mobility ratio(ii) time Normalization factor

5. In order to obtain high productivity, larger wellbore radius

should be used.

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