BIOLOGY OLYMPIAD ACTIVITY BOOK A Tour of Cell

Topic: A TOUR OF CELL 8. Microscopes have been especially important in

TEST 1 cytology, which is the study of ____________.
A) cell structure
1. Sara would like to film the movement of B) cellular metabolism
chromosomes during cell division. Her best choice C) molecular genetics
for a microscope would be a _____. D) energetics of cells
E) none of the above
A) light microscope, because of its resolving power
B) transmission electron microscope, because of
9. To enter or leave a cell, substances must pass
its magnifying power
through _____.
C) scanning electron microscope, because the
A) a microtubule
specimen is alive
B) the Golgi apparatus
D) transmission electron microscope, because of
C) a ribosome
its great resolving power
D) the nucleus
E) light microscope, because the specimen is alive
E) the plasma membrane
2. Cell fractionation is the most appropriate
10. Which of the following would NOT be
procedure for preparing ____ for study.
considered part of a cell’s cytoplasm?
A) isolated cells that are normally found tightly
A) a ribosome
attached to neighboring cells
B) the nucleus
B) cells without a functional cytoskeleton
C) a mitochondrion
C) isolated organelles
D) a microtubule
D) the basic macromolecules
E) fluid between the organelles
E) bone and other similar cells that are situated
within a mineral framework
11. Bacterial cells are prokaryotic; unlike a typical
eukaryotic cell they _____.
3. A magnified picture of the detailed architecture of
cell surfaces can best be obtained from a(n) _____. A) lack a nucleus
B) have a smaller nucleus
A) scanning electron microscope
C) lack a plasma membrane
B) transmission electron microscope
D) have fewer internal membranous compartments
C) light microscope
E) have a greater variety of organelles
D) magnifying glass
E) none of the above
12. The maximum size of a cell is limited by _.
4. The term “resolving power” refers to which of the A) its need for enough surface area to make
following? exchanges with its environment
B) the number of organelles that can be packed
A) the apparent increase in the size of an object
inside
B) the source of the illumination
C) the materials needed to build it
C) the depth of focus
D) the amount of flexibility it needs to be able to
D) the clarity of the image in showing two objects
move
as separate
E) the amount of food it needs to survive
E) the type of cell being observed

5. A normal size range for a typical eukaryotic cell 13. A certain cell has mitochondria, ribosomes,
is _____. smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, and
A) 0.1 nanometers other parts. Based on this information, it could NOT
B) 10 nanometers be _____.
C) 100 nanometers A) a cell from a pine tree
D) 1–10 micrometers B) a grasshopper cell
E) 10–100 micrometers C) a yeast (fungus) cell
D) a bacterium
6. What do limits on maximum cell size depend on? E) actually, it could be any of the above
A) the number of organelles
B) surface-to-volume ratio 14. Which of the following are found in prokaryotic
C) number of surrounding cells cells?
D) amount of DNA in the nucleus A) Golgi bodies
E) thickness of the cell membrane B) mitochondria
C) nucleoli
7. Which of the following structures cannot be D) enzymes
found in prokaryotic cells? E) all of the above
A) flagella
B) cell membranes 15. Which of the following features do prokaryotes
C) mitochondria and
D) ribosomes eukaryotes have in common?
E) RNA A) mitochondria, cytoplasm, plasma membrane
B) ribosomes, plasma membrane, cytoplasm
C) nucleus, plasma membrane, ribosomes
D) mitochondria, ribosomes, cytoplasm
E) ribosomes, nucleus, plasma membrane
BIOLOGY OLYMPIAD ACTIVITY BOOK
16. What is the function of the nucleolus?
A) to contain the hereditary blueprint of the cell
B) to modify substances made on the endoplasmic
reticulum
C) to organize the spindle fibers for cell division
D) to provide materials for the synthesis of ribosomes
E) none of the above
17. Most of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell is in _____.
A) the cytoskeleton
B) the mitochondria
C) the endomembrane system
D) the cytoplasm
E) the nucleus
18. Of the following organelles, which group is
involved in manufacturing the substances needed
by the cell?
A) lysosome, vacuole, ribosome
B) ribosome, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth
endoplasmic reticulum
C) vacuole, rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth
endoplasmic reticulum
D) smooth endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome, vacuole
E) rough endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, vacuole
19. Which one of the following organelles would be
especially abundant in the pancreatic cells that
produce digestive enzymes?
A) rough endoplasmic reticulum
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) lysosomes
D) microfilaments
E) mitochondria
20. In muscle cells the ____ is/are specialized for
the storage and release of calcium.
A) mitochondria
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) the Golgi apparatus
D) contractile vacuoles
E) rough endoplasmic reticulum
21. A plant cell was grown in a test tube containing
radioactive nucleotides, the parts from which DNA
is built. Later examination of the cell showed the
radioactivity to be concentrated in the _____.
A) rough endoplasmic reticulum
B) peroxisome
C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
D) central vacuole
E) nucleus
22. When isolated liver cells are combined with
toxins, initial processing in the ______________
increases the solubility of those compounds as an
initial step in their excretion.
A) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
B) Golgi apparatus
C) mitochondrion
D) rough endoplasmic reticulum
E) lysosome
23. The rough endoplasmic reticulum can be
considered to be in which general category of
organelle?
A) breakdown
B) energy-processing
A Tour of Cell
C) manufacturing
D) support between cells
E) communication between cells
24. Membrane proteins are synthesized by
ribosomes that are attached to _____.
A) the Golgi apparatus
B) mitochondria
C) the nucleolus
D) the endoplasmic reticulum
E) lysosomes
25. Prokaryotic-type ribosomes are NOT associated
with _____.
A) rough endoplasmic reticulum
B) bacterial cells
C) plastids
D) mitochondria
E) any of these
26. You would expect a cell with an extensive Golgi
apparatus to _____.
A) make a lot of ATP
B) secrete a lot of material
C) move actively
D) perform photosynthesis
E) store large quantities of food
27. A researcher made an interesting observation
about a protein made by the rough endoplasmic
reticulum and eventually used to build a cell’s
plasma membrane. The protein in the membrane
was actually slightly different from the protein made
in the ER. The protein was probably altered in the
_____.
A) Golgi apparatus
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) mitochondrion
D) nucleus
E) chloroplast
28. Which one of the following is the most likely
consequence for a cell lacking functional
lysosomes?
A) The cell becomes crowded with undegraded wastes.
B) The cell dies because its ATP-synthesizing
mechanisms are missing.
C) The cell dies from a lack of enzymes to catalyze
metabolic reactions.
D) The cell is unable to reproduce itself.
E) The cell is unable to grow to a mature size and
always remains small.
29. Lysosomes are derived from _____________
and function in _____________.
A) mitochondria ... anaerobic respiration
B) the Golgi apparatus and rough endoplasmic
reticulum ... digestion of worn-out organelles
C) microtubule organizing centers ... storage of
ATP
D) symbiotic bacteria ... extrachromosomal inheritance
E) nucleoli ... aerobic respiration
30. Which of the following statements describes the
function of the contractile vacuole?
A) It contains trapped bacteria to be digested by the
lysosomes.
B) It contains the cell sap.
BIOLOGY OLYMPIAD ACTIVITY BOOK A Tour of Cell

C) It eliminates excess water from the cytoplasm of E) all of the above

freshwater protists.
D) It converts light energy to chemical energy. 39. The internal skeleton of a cell is composed of
E) It converts light energy to physical energy. _____.
A) microtubules, intermediate filaments, and
31. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have several microfilaments
common features; for example, _____. B) cellulose and intermediate filaments
A) both are capable of semiautonomous growth and C) cellulose, microtubules, and centrioles
reproduction D) microfilaments
B) neither are components of the endomembrane E) microfilaments and cellulose
system
C) each contains a small amount of DNA 40. When elongated, tube-shaped cells from the
D) each organelle synthesizes some of its own protein lining of the intestine are treated with a certain
E) all of the above chemical; the cells sag and become round blobs.
The internal structures disrupted by this chemical
32. What are the inner folds of the mitochondria are probably
called? _____.
A) cristae B) matrix A) cell junctions
C) stroma B) microtubules
D) grana C) rough endoplasmic reticulum
E) tubules D) mitochondria
E) dynein
33. The purpose of cellular respiration is the
production of which of the following?
A) ATP B) oxygen C) carbon dioxide
D) glucose E) all of the above

34. Chloroplasts are found in _____.

A) plant cells only
B) animal cells only
C) both plant cells and animal cells
D) neither plant cells nor animal cells
E) animal cells and bacterial cells but not in plant cells

35. Mitochondria appear in the greatest numbers in

cells that are _____.
A) reproducing B) metabolically active
C) dead D) metabolically inactive
E) undergoing cell division

36. Which cellular organelle is required for

photosynthesis in eukaryotic cells?
A) chloroplast B) nucleus
C) chromoplast D) Golgi apparatus
E) mitochondrion

37. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar in that

they both _____________; they are different in that
chloroplasts, but not mitochondria, _____________.
A) have a double membrane ... carry out
photosynthesis
B) have many internal membranes that increase their
internal surface area ... are found in plants
C) have an internal 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules
... also have centrioles
D) deal with energy transformations ... are found only in
eukaryotes
E) have a double membrane ... contain DNA

38. Three or four of the following cellular organelles

possess membranes. Which one, if any, does NOT
possess membranes? If all the listed organelles
possess differentially permeable membranes,
choose answer (5).
A) nucleus
B) chloroplasts
C) mitochondria
D) lysosomes
BIOLOGY OLYMPIAD ACTIVITY BOOK A Tour of Cell

TEST 2 11-

1. meter = _____ centimeters.

A)100
B)1,000,000,000
C)1,000
D)1,000,000,000,000
E)1,000,000

2- _____ are surface appendages that allow a

bacterium to stick to a surface.
A) Cell walls B) Flagella C) Ribosomes
D) Mitochondria E) Pili

3-What is the function of a bacterium's capsule?

A) protection B)adhesion C)protein synthesis Choose the letter that indicates the organelle that
D) DNA storage E)propulsion contains most of a cell's DNA.
A) A B) B C) C D) D D) E
4-In eukaryotic cells the first step in protein synthesis is
the _____. 12-
A) translation of an RNA nucleotide sequence into a
sequence of amino acids
B) linking of nucleotides to form a polypeptide
C) translation of a DNA nucleotide sequence into a
sequence of amino acids
D) transferring of information from DNA to messenger
RNA
E) removal of introns from RNA and the stitching
together of exons

5-Which organelle plays a role in intracellular digestion?

A) lysosome B) ribosome C)chloroplast
D) Golgi apparatus E) plasmodesma

6-The cilia and flagella of eukaryotic cells are Which of these is the double membrane that encloses
composed of _____. the nucleus?
A) microtubules B) intermediate filaments A) A B) B C) C D) D E)E
C) microfilaments D) pili
E) tonofilaments 13-The _____ is composed of DNA and protein.
A) mitochondrion B) flagellum C) centriole
7-Which of these cell junctions form a barrier to the D) chromatin E)ribosome
passage of materials?
A) tight junctions B) communicating junctions 14-Ribosomal subunits are manufactured by the _____.
C) anchoring junctions D) intercalated disks A) lysosome
E) plasmodesmata B) nucleolus
C) peroxisome
8-The primary role of _____ is to bind animal cells D) rough endoplasmic reticulum
together. E) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
A) plasmodesmata B) communicating junctions
C) gap junctions D) anchoring junctions 15-_____ are the sites of protein synthesis.
E) tight junctions A) Mitochondria B) Peroxisomes
C) Golgi apparatuses D) Microfilaments
9-_____ aid in the coordination of the activities of E) Ribosomes
adjacent animal cells.
A) Communicating junctions B) Tight junctions 16-Which of these is involved in the manufacture of
C) Anchoring junctions D) Plasmodesmata membrane?
E) Desmosomes A) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
B) ribosomes
10- Which of these organelles carries out cellular C) Golgi apparatus
respiration? D) nucleolus
A) nucleolus E) rough endoplasmic reticulum
B) chromatin
C) smooth endoplasmic reticulum 17-The _____ is a selective barrier, regulating the
D) mitochondrion passage of material into and out of the cell.
E) ribosomes A) lysosome B) nuclear envelope
C) chloroplast D) plasma membrane
E) nucleus
BIOLOGY OLYMPIAD ACTIVITY BOOK A Tour of Cell

18-Where is calcium stored? 24-

A) mitochondria
B) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C) centrioles
D) rough endoplasmic reticulum
E) microtubules

19-

Which of these organelles is responsible for

photosynthesis?
A) A B)B C)C D)D E)E

Which of these structures stores, modifies, and

packages products?
A) A B)B C)C D)D E)E

20-Which of these are hollow rods that shape and

support the cell?
A) plasma membrane B) microtubules
C) chloroplasts D) microfilaments
E) peroxisomes

21-_____ is/are identical in structure to centrioles.

A) Mitochondria B) Nuclear envelopes
C) Chromatin D) Microfilaments
E) Basal bodies

22-Which of these organelles produces H2O2 as a by-

product?
A) mitochondrion B) nucleus C) centrioles
D)flagellum E)peroxisome

23-

Which of these provides the cell with structural support?

A)A B)B C)C D)D E)E