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3/21/2018 Boeing EC-135 - Wikipedia

Boeing EC-135
The Boeing EC-135 was a command and control version of the Boeing C-135 Stratolifter. During the Cold War, the
Boeing EC-135
EC-135 was best known for being modified to perform the Looking Glass mission where one EC-135 was always
airborne 24 hours a day to serve as flying command post for the Strategic Air Command in the event of nuclear war.
Various other EC-135 aircraft sat on airborne and ground alert throughout the Cold War, with the last EC-135C being
retired in 1998. The EC-135N variant served as a tracking aircraft for the Apollo program.

Contents
Missions
Looking Glass
Airborne Launch Control Center
Silk Purse EC-135C in flight
Scope Light Role Airborne Command Post,
Blue Eagle
Airborne Launch Control
Nightwatch
Center, Tracking and
USCENTCOM Support
Telemetry Platform, Airborne
Advanced Range Instrumentation Aircraft
Radio Relay
Variant summary
Manufacturer Boeing
Accidents
Aircraft on display Introduction 1965

See also Retired 2000


References Primary user United States Air Force
External links Developed from C-135 Stratolifter

Missions

Looking Glass
Officially known as "Operation Looking Glass", at least 11 EC-135C command post aircraft were provided to the Commander in
Chief, Strategic Air Command (CINCSAC), and were based at various locations throughout the United States and worldwide.
Operations began in 1961 with the 34th Air Refueling Squadron at Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska, initially using EC-135As
(converted from KC-135As) until the dedicated EC-135Cs entered service in 1963 and 1964. The EC-135Cs were converted from the
17 new build KC-135Bs that were accepted by SAC but never entered squadron service as tankers. Other Offutt-based units included
the 38th Strategic Reconnaissance Squadron (1966–1970), the 2d Airborne Command and Control Squadron (1970–1994), and the
7th Airborne Command and Control Squadron (1994–1998).[1] Other units operating the Looking Glass mission included the
following:[2]
EC-135C Looking Glass with Pacer
Link modification
913th Air Refueling Squadron at Barksdale Air Force Base, Louisiana (1963–1970)[3]
3d Airborne Command & Control Squadron at Grissom Air Force Base, Indiana (1970–1974)[4]
4th Airborne Command & Control Squadron at Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota (1970–1991)[5]
99th Air Refueling Squadron, Westover Air Force Base, Massachusetts (1963–1970)[6]
Other EC-135 aircraft (including EC-135A, G, and L models) supporting the Looking Glass missions (communications relay and
Minuteman airborne launch control centers) were flown by the 906th Air Refueling Squadron at Minot Air Force Base, North
Dakota (1963–1970)1, the 70th Air Refueling Squadron at Grissom AFB (1975–1993), and the 301st Air Refueling Squadron at
Lockbourne Air Force Base, Ohio (1963–1970). All aircraft have been retired or repurposed.[7]

The United States nuclear strategy depends on its ability to command, control, and communicate with its nuclear forces under all
Gen. Richard A. Ellis, CINCSAC, in
conditions. An essential element of that ability is Looking Glass; its crew and staff ensure there is always an aircraft ready to direct
battle staff compartment
bombers and missiles from the air should ground-based command centers be destroyed or rendered inoperable.[8] Looking Glass is
intended to guarantee that U.S. strategic forces will act only in the manner dictated by the President. It took the nickname
"Looking Glass" because the mission mirrored ground-based command, control, and communications centers.

The Strategic Air Command (SAC) began the Looking Glass mission on February 3, 1961 and Looking Glass aircraft were continuously airborne 24 hours a day for over 29
years, accumulating more than 281,000 accident-free flying hours. On July 24, 1990, "The Glass" ceased continuous airborne alert, but remained on ground or airborne alert
24 hours a day (http://www.nebraskastudies.org/0900/frameset_reset.html?http://www.nebraskastudies.org/0900/stories/0901_0124.html). The EC-135A flew the
Command Post mission until EC-135C were delivered starting in 1963. The aircraft were delivered to Offutt AFB and as well as one aircraft to each of the Stateside Numbered
Air Force Headquarters - Second Air Force at Barksdale AFB, LA; Eighth Air Force at Westover AFB, MA; and Fifteenth Air Force at March AFB CA. EC-135s flew all the
missions except one, on March 4, 1980, when an E-4B was tested on an operational mission, flying a double sortie as the replacement aircraft could not launch due to weather.
About a week after the flight, Washington deleted the funds for additional E-4 aircraft.[9]

On June 1, 1992, SAC was inactivated and replaced by the United States Strategic Command, which now controls the Looking Glass.[10][11] On October 1, 1998, the Navy's E-6
Mercury TACAMO replaced the USAF's EC-135C in the Looking Glass mission. One former Looking Glass aircraft remains in service as a WC-135C Constant Phoenix.[12]

Notes

^1 Ellsworth AFB maintained additional EC-135 aircraft on Satellite Alert at Minot AFB to monitor the North Dakota missile silos.

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Airborne Launch Control Center


Airborne Launch Control Centers (ALCC—pronounced "Al-see") provided a survivable launch capability for the United States Air Force's LGM-30 Minuteman
Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM) force by utilizing the Airborne Launch Control System (ALCS) on board that is operated by an airborne missileer crew. Historically,
from 1967-1998, the ALCC mission was performed by United States Air Force Boeing EC-135 command post aircraft. This included EC-135A, EC-135C, EC-135G, and EC-135L
aircraft.[13][14]

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, ALCS crews belonged to the 44th Strategic Missile Wing (SMW) at Ellsworth AFB, SD and 91st SMW at Minot AFB, ND. ALCS equipment
was installed on various Boeing EC-135 variants to include the EC-135A, EC-135C, EC-135G, and for a short while on the EC-135L.[15]

Starting in 1970, there were only two SAC squadrons that operated ALCS capable aircraft. This included the 2nd Airborne Command and Control Squadron (ACCS) operating
EC-135C aircraft out of Offutt AFB, NE and the 4th ACCS operating EC-135A, EC-135C, and EC-135G aircraft out of Ellsworth AFB, SD. All three variants of these EC-
135A/C/G aircraft had ALCS equipment installed on board.[16][17]

The 4th ACCS was the workhorse of ALCS operations. Three dedicated Airborne Launch Control Centers (ALCC) were on ground
alert around-the-clock providing ALCS coverage for five of the six Minuteman ICBM Wings. These dedicated ALCCs were mostly
EC-135A aircraft but could also have been EC-135C or EC-135G aircraft depending on availability. ALCC No. 1 was on ground alert
at Ellsworth AFB, SD and during a wartime scenario would have taken off and orbited between the Minuteman Wings at Ellsworth
AFB, SD and F.E. Warren AFB, WY providing ALCS assistance if needed. ALCCs No. 2 and No. 3 were routinely on forward
deployed ground alert at Minot AFB, ND. During a wartime scenario, ALCC No. 3 would have orbited between the Minuteman
ICBM Wings at Minot AFB and Grand Forks AFB, both in North Dakota, providing ALCS assistance if needed. ALCC No. 2 was
dedicated to orbiting near the Minuteman ICBM Wing at Malmstrom AFB, MT providing ALCS assistance if needed. The 4th ACCS
EC-135A ALCC
also maintained an EC-135C or EC-135G on ground alert at Ellsworth AFB, SD as the West Auxiliary Airborne Command Post
(WESTAUXCP) as a backup to SAC’s "Looking Glass" Airborne Command Post (ABNCP) as well as a radio relay link between the
Looking Glass and ALCCs when airborne. Although equipped with ALCS, the WESTAUXCP did not have a dedicated Minuteman
ICBM wing to provide ALCS assistance to.[18][19]

The 2nd ACCS was another major player in ALCS operations. The primary mission of the 2nd ACCS was to fly the SAC ABNCP
"Looking Glass" aircraft in continuous airborne operations. However, due to its proximity in orbiting over the central United
States, the airborne Looking Glass provided ALCS coverage for the Minuteman ICBM Wing located at Whiteman AFB, MO. Not
only did Whiteman AFB have Minuteman II ICBMs, but it also had ERCS configured Minuteman missiles on alert. The 2nd ACCS
also had an additional EC-135C on ground alert at Offutt AFB, NE as the EASTAUXCP, providing backup to the airborne Looking
Glass, radio relay capability, and a means for the Commander in Chief of SAC to escape an enemy nuclear attack. Although the EC-135G at Ellsworth AFB, SD
EASTAUXCP was ALCS capable, it did not have a dedicated ALCS mission.[20][21]

Silk Purse
Operation Silk Purse program provided four EC-135H command post aircraft to the Commander, U.S. European Command (USEUCOM), which were based at RAF
Mildenhall in the United Kingdom.[22] Flown by the 10th Airborne Command and Control Squadron 1970-91.[23] Onboard secure/non-secure communications and avionics
equipment was maintained by the 513th Avionics Maintenance Squadron and the 2147th Communications Squadron. Aircraft S/Ns 61-0282, 285, 286 and 291.

Scope Light
Operation Scope Light provided five EC-135C/HJ/P command post aircraft to the Commander in Chief, U.S. Atlantic Command (CINCLANT), which were based at Langley
AFB, VA. Operated by the 6th Airborne Command and Control Squadron 1972-92.[24]

Blue Eagle
Operation Blue Eagle provided five EC-135J/P command post aircraft to the Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Command (USCINCPAC), which were based at Hickam AFB,
HI. Operated by the 9th Airborne Command and Control Squadron 1969-92.[25] Communications, secure/unsecure voice and teletype, handled by the 1957th Communications
Group, Hickam AFB, HI (1969-1992)

"Upkeep" was the call sign for the EC135 flying in southeast Asia during 1969 to 1971, based out of Hickam AFB Hawaii. It was under the direction of PACAF of which 5th AF
in Fuchu AS, Tokyo Japan handled their voice communications both unsecure and secure. <1956 Comm Gp USAF 1969 to 1971>

Blue Eagle was formed in 1965 and started 24/7 operation in October 1965 and continued until disbanded in 1992.

Nightwatch
Operation Nightwatch provided three EC-135J[26] command post aircraft to the President of the United States which were based at Andrews AFB, MD. All three aircraft were
transferred to other ABNCP missions.

Nightwatch was initiated in the mid-1960s utilizing the three EC-135J aircraft, modified from KC-135Bs, as command post aircraft. The three Nightwatch aircraft were ready
to fly the President and the National Command Authority (NCA) out of Washington in the event of a nuclear attack. The E-4 aircraft (a modified Boeing 747-200) came on
line with the Nightwatch program in 1974 replacing the EC-135s on this mission.[27]

USCENTCOM Support
The 310th Airlift Squadron, part of the 6th Air Mobility Wing at MacDill AFB, Florida, operated two NKC-135s that were reconfigured as EC-135Y aircraft from 1989 to 2003
as executive transport and command & control platforms to support the Commander, United States Central Command. These aircraft have since been replaced with three C-
37A Gulfstream V aircraft.

Advanced Range Instrumentation Aircraft

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The Advanced Range Instrumentation Aircraft are EC-135Bs, modified C-135B cargo aircraft and EC-18B (former
American Airlines 707-320) passenger aircraft that provided tracking and telemetry information to support the US space program
in the late 1960s and early 1970s.

During the early 1960s, NASA and the Department of Defense (DoD) needed a very mobile tracking and telemetry platform to
support the Apollo space program and other unmanned space flight operations. In a joint project, NASA and the DoD contracted
with the McDonnell Douglas and the Bendix Corporations to modify eight Boeing C-135 Stratolifter cargo aircraft into EC-135N
Apollo / Range Instrumentation Aircraft (A/RIA). Equipped with a steerable seven-foot antenna dish in its distinctive
"Droop Snoot" or "Snoopy Nose", the EC-135N A/RIA became operational in January 1968, and was often known as the "Jimmy
Durante" of the Air Force. The Air Force Eastern Test Range (AFETR) at Patrick AFB, Florida, maintained and operated the A/RIA EC-135E "Droop Snoot" on display
until the end of the Apollo program in 1972, when the USAF renamed it the Advanced Range Instrumentation Aircraft (ARIA). at USAF Museum

Since Patrick AFB was located, literally, on the Atlantic Ocean, salt water and salt air-induced corrosion issues and associated
aircraft maintenance challenges were problematic for the ARIA while based there. Transferred to the 4950th Test Wing at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, in December 1975 as
part of an overall consolidation of large test and evaluation aircraft, the ARIA fleet underwent numerous conversions, including a re-engining that changed the EC-135N to the
EC-135E. In 1994, the ARIA fleet relocated again to Edwards AFB, California, as part of the 412th Test Wing. However, taskings for the ARIA dwindled because of high costs
and improved satellite technology, and the USAF transferred the aircraft to other programs such as E-8 J-STARS.

Over its thirty-two year career, the ARIA supported the United States space program, gathered telemetry, verified international treaties, and supported cruise missile, ballistic
missile defense tests, and the Space Shuttle.[28]

Variant summary
EC-135A - KC-135A modified for airborne national command post role. Later performed Airborne Launch Control Center mission with the Airborne Launch Control
System.
EC-135B - C-135B modified with large nose for ARIA mission
EC-135C - converted from new built KC-135B to EC-135C for airborne command post role, "Looking Glass"
EC-135E - re-engined EC-135N
EC-135G - KC-135A modified for airborne national command post role. Later performed Airborne Launch Control Center mission with the Airborne Launch Control
System.
EC-135H - KC-135A modified for airborne national command post role, "Silk Purse"
EC-135J - KC-135B modified for airborne national command post role, "Nightwatch"
EC-135K - KC-135A modified for deployment control duties
EC-135L - KC-135A modified for radio relay and amplitude modulation dropout capability "Cover All"
EC-135N - ARIA aircraft with the so-called "droop snoot" radome housing a large parabolic telemetry gathering antenna.
EC-135J/P - KC-135A modified for airborne command post role, "Blue Eagle" and "Scope Light"
EC-135Y - NKC-135 reconfigured as C3 aircraft for Commander-in-Chief, United States Central Command

Accidents
On 13 June 1971, USAF EC-135N, (AF Serial Number 61-0331), of 4950th Test Wing, Space and Missile Systems Organization (SAMSO), Wright-Patterson AFB, OH
disappeared while en route from Pago Pago, American Samoa to Hickam AFB, HI after monitoring a French atmospheric test conducted on the previous day. The aircraft
disappeared about 70 miles south of Hawaii near Palmyra Island. Twelve military personnel and twelve civilians died. Cause of the mishap is unknown. Only small bits of
wreckage were found.[29]
On 14 September 1977, USAF EC-135K, (AF Serial Number 62-3536), crashed on takeoff from Kirtland Air Force Base, NM for a Higher-Headquarters Directed (HHD)
mission. After a long crew duty period, the crew started its takeoff roll at a few minutes prior to midnight. The aircraft impacted the ground 8 km (5 miles) east of the
departure base because it lacked sufficient power to either climb above or turn to avoid rapidly rising terrain in that area. All 20 occupants of this Tactical Air Command
(TAC) operated aircraft were killed in the crash and subsequent fire at about 8,500 feet up the Manzano Mountain Range east of Albuquerque, NM.[30]
On 2 January 1980, USAF EC-135P, (AF Serial Number 58-0007), was destroyed on the ground at Langley AFB, VA when an electrical short occurred in the water
injection tank heater wiring on the J-57-P/F-59W equipped aircraft. There were no injuries as the Tactical Air Command (TAC) aircraft was unoccupied at the time of the
mishap.[31]
On 6 May 1981, USAF EC-135N, (AF Serial Number 61-0328), crashed during a scheduled Advanced Range Instrumented Aircraft (ARIA) navigator and Primary Mission
Electronic Equipment (PMEE) training mission from Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH. For an unexplained reason, the aircraft pitch trim was moved to the full nose-
down position, which exceeded the ability of the autopilot to control, and the aircraft pitched over abruptly. The abrupt pitch over caused the generators to trip off line and
the loss of AC electrical power prevented the pitch trim from being operated normally. The aircraft became uncontrollable and exploded at about 1,500 ft MSL. The crash
occurred near Walkersville, MD at 10:50L. All seventeen crew members and four passengers on board the aircraft were killed.[32]
On 29 May 1992, USAF EC-135J, (AF Serial Number 62-3584), landed long at Pope AFB, NC and overshot the runway. The undercarriage collapsed and the fuselage
broke in two. Although none of the 14 occupants were seriously injured, the aircraft was written off as damaged beyond repair and the remains were removed to Davis-
Monthan AFB, AZ for disposal.[33]
On 2 September 1997, USAF EC-135C, (AF Serial Number 63-8053), was heavily damaged on landing at Pope AFB, NC when the nose wheel collapsed. None of the 11
occupants was injured significantly, but the Air Combat Command (ACC) aircraft was 32 years and 10 months old at the time of the accident and was written off as
damaged beyond repair.[34]

Aircraft on display
60-0374 The Bird of Prey – EC-135E (originally built as a C-135A, later converted to EC-135N) on static display at the National Museum of the United States Air Force at
Wright-Patterson Air Force Base in Dayton, Ohio. The aircraft is a former Advanced Range Instrumented Aircraft (ARIA) designated as an EC-135N model with J57-59
engines, and is displayed in the museum's outside Air Park; nose art remains.[35] The aircraft was flown to the museum on November 3, 2000, by a flight crew from the
Air Force Flight Test Center (AFFTC), and was delivered with full Prime Mission Electronic Equipment intact.
61-0262 Rollin' Thunder - EC-135A (originally built as a KC-135A) on static display at the South Dakota Air and Space Museum in Box Elder, South Dakota; nose art
remains. It was last assigned to the 4th Airborne Command and Control Squadron (4th ACCS), 28th Bomb Wing at Ellsworth.[36] [37]
61-0269 Excaliber – EC-135L (originally built as a KC-135A) on static display at the Grissom Air Museum near Peru, Indiana.[38] [39] The aircraft was last assigned to the
305th Air Refueling Wing and retired in 1992, at the end of the Cold War. It was delivered to the Air Force on 8 December 1961. Assigned to Grissom AFB in 1970, the
aircraft flew many missions during Operation Just Cause, Operation Desert Shield and Desert Storm. For the latter, it performed radio relay operations leading to the
elimination of two Iraqi aircraft, over 60 tank kills, and 27 Scud missile strikes.
61-0287 – EC-135A Airborne Launch Control Center/radio relay link aircraft (originally built as a KC-135A) on static display at Zorinsky Memorial Air Park at Offutt Air
Force Base in Bellevue, Nebraska.[40]
63-8049 – EC-135C (originally built as a KC-135B), under restoration at the Strategic Air Command & Aerospace Museum in Ashland, Nebraska.[41] [42]
63-8057 – EC-135J (originally built as a KC-135B) on static display at the Pima Air and Space Museum in Tucson, Arizona.[43]

See also
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Airborne Launch Control System


Airborne Launch Control Center
Post Attack Command and Control System
Operation Looking Glass
Emergency Rocket Communications System

References
23. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a
1. http://www.sac-acca.org/documents/PACCS%20History.html
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 196]
2. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a
24. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 115]
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 196]
3. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a
25. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 115, 196]
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 196]
4. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a
26. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 115, 196]
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 116]
5. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a
27. C-135 Variants - Part 5 by Jennings Heilig (http://www.clubhyper.com/reference/c
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 115, 196]
135jh_5.htm)
6. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a
28. This section uses public domain text from the National Museum of the United
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 115, 196]
States Air Force. http://www.wpafb.af.mil/museum/outdoor/od30.htm
7. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a
29. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19710613-1
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 115-117]
30. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19770914-0
8. Men In Crisis: Kennedy vs. Khrushchev. "A grim precaution is carried in this
plane. Should the Soviets attack and destroy all land-based SAC installations, 31. http://www.aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19800102-0
the counterattack order will come from this jet, a flying command post airborne 32. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19810506-0
24 hours a day." 33. http://www.aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19920529-1
9. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a 34. http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19970902-1
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 114-116] 35. "Boeing EC-135E ARIA" (http://www.nationalmuseum.af.mil/Visit/Museum-Exhibit
10. "E-6B Airborne Command Post (ABNCP)" (https://web.archive.org/web/2015091 s/Fact-Sheets/Display/Article/197557/boeing-ec-135e-aria/).
0162934/https://www.stratcom.mil/factsheets/1/Airborne_Command_Post/). 36. "USAF Serial Number Search (61-262)" (http://cgibin.rcn.com/jeremy.k/cgi-bin/gz
Archived from the original (https://www.stratcom.mil/factsheets/1/Airborne_Comm UsafSearch.pl?target=61-262&content=).
and_Post/) on 2015-09-10.
37. "Airframe Dossier - Boeing EC-135C, s/n 61-0262 USAF, c/n 18169" (http://aerial
11. FAS WMD page (http://www.fas.org/nuke/guide/usa/c3i/ec-135.htm) visuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=59995). Aerial Visuals. AerialVisuals.ca.
12. http://www.joebaugher.com/usaf_serials/1962.html Retrieved 14 November 2016.
13. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a 38. "EC-135 STRATOTANKER" (http://www.grissomairmuseum.com/gallery/refueling
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 116-117] command/plane-17). Grissom Air Museum. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
14. ALCS Article, page 13 (http://afmissileers.com/Mar17.pdf) 39. "Airframe Dossier - Boeing EC-135L, s/n 61-0269 USAF, c/n 18176" (http://aerial
15. ALCS Article, page 14 (http://afmissileers.com/Mar17.pdf) visuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=43397). Aerial Visuals. AerialVisuals.ca.
16. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a Retrieved 14 November 2016.
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 116-117] 40. "Airframe Dossier - Boeing EC-135C, s/n 61-0287 USAF, c/n 18194" (http://aerial
17. ALCS Article, page 13-15 (http://afmissileers.com/Mar17.pdf) visuals.ca/AirframeDossier.php?Serial=49317). Aerial Visuals. AerialVisuals.ca.
Retrieved 14 November 2016.
18. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 116-117] 41. "EC-135 "Looking Glass" " (http://sacmuseum.org/what-to-see/aircraft/ec-135-loo
king-glass). Strategic Air Command & Aerospace Museum. Strategic Air
19. ALCS Article, page 14 (http://afmissileers.com/Mar17.pdf)
Command & Aerospace Museum. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
20. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a
42. "EC-135 Restoration" (https://sacmuseum.org/ec-135-looking-glass-restoration/).
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 116-117]
43. "STRATOTANKER" (http://www.pimaair.org/aircraft-by-name/item/boeing-ec-135j
21. ALCS Article, page 15 (http://afmissileers.com/Mar17.pdf)
-stratotanker). Pima Air & Space Museum. Pimaair.org. Retrieved 14 November
22. [Hopkins III, Robert S. 1997. Boeing KC-135 Stratotanker: More Than Just a 2016.
Tanker. Leicester, England: Midland Publishing Limited, p. 116]

Reference for the Variant Summary list: DoD 4120.14L, Model Designation of Military Aerospace Vehicles, May 12, 2004

External links
Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. NE-9-B, "Offutt Air Force Base, Looking Glass Airborne Command Post, Looking Glass Aircraft, On Operational Apron
covering northeast half of Project Looking Glass Historic District, Bellevue, Sarpy County, NE (https://loc.gov/pictures/item/ne0074/)"
USSTRATCOM ABNCP Fact Sheet (http://www.stratcom.mil/Media/Factsheets/Factsheet-View/Article/960928/e-6b-airborne-command-post-abncp/)

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