Cladoxylopsida

The cladoxylopsids are a group of plants known only as fossils that are thought to
Cladoxylopsida
be ancestors of ferns and horsetails.
Temporal range:
They had a central trunk, from the top of which several lateral branches were Middle Devonian to Early
attached. Fossils of these plants originate in the Middle Devonian to Early
Carboniferous
Carboniferous periods (around 390 to 320 million years ago), mostly just as
stems. PreЄ Є OS D C P T J K Pg N

Cladoxylopsida contains two orders. The order Hyeniales is now included in

Pseudosporochnales.[1]

Intact fossils of the Middle Devonian cladoxylopsid Eospermatopteris show it to

have been a tree, the earliest identified in the fossil record as of 2007.

A recent (2017) discovery in Xinjiang in China of early Late Devonian (Frasnian,

ca. 374 Ma) silicified fossil cladoxylopsid tree trunks (diameter up to c.70 cm)
with preserved cellular anatomy showed an internal arrangement with many Wattieza
xylem bundles in the outer part and none in the interior; each bundle was
Scientific classification
surrounded by its own cambium layer, by which the tree's trunk widened.[2][3][4]
Kingdom: Plantae
External links Division: Pteridophyta (?)
Links with images: Class: †Cladoxylopsida

https://sites.google.com/site/paleoplant/home-
Orders/Genera
†Pseudosporochnales
†Iridopteridales

Incertae sedis:

†Foozia

1/embryophytes/polysporangiophytes/rhyniophytes/eutracheophyte/euphyllophytes/monilophytes/cladoxylopsida

References
1. Thomas N. Taylor, Edith L. Taylor, Michael Krings: Paleobotany. The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants . Second
Edition, Academic Press 2009,ISBN 978-0-12-373972-8 , p. 387-401, 1028
2. http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2017/10/18/1708241114.abstract (Proceedings of the National Academy of
Sciences of the United States of America) Unique growth strategy in the Earth’s first trees revealed in silicified fossil
trunks from China, by Hong-He Xu, Christopher M. Berry, William E. Stein, Yi Wang, Peng Tang, and Qiang Fu
3. https://www.cardiff.ac.uk/news/view/981090-worlds-oldest-and-most-complex-trees(with image of trunk cross-
section)
4. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/tree-structure-mystery-china-scientists-baffled-a8016276.html#gallery

Media related to Cladoxylopsida at Wikimedia Commons

UC Museum of Paleontology
 Stein, W. E., F. Mannolini, L. V. Hernick, E. Landling, and C. M. Berry. 2007. Giant cladoxylopsid trees resolve the
enigma of the Earth's earliest forest stumps at Gilboa . Nature, 446:904-907.

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This page was last edited on 22 March 2018, at 03:56.

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